uiaepiax cec ozp x"c axd * zeibeq izyl ycegn ixehqid xe`ia :`lbixc `zay ongp ax edpipb`,`zelb yix ial erlwi` `ped ax xa daxe `cqg ax `le dil exn` `le ewizy`,migth drax` dpnn oiblten diiepy dkeqa op`devnigelyop`:dilexn`?ediizrnynopaxedaxecd:edlxn`.icin (a,idkeq).dkeqdonoixehte eaxiptliawdlmc`aiigc,dleby`xiptliawdl':devnigelyd"ci"yxite.'dkeqd on oixeht devn igely(a,dk) onwl opzck opixhte,lbxa :i"yx ly exaqda miiyw dnk miniiw dxe`kle?`pedaxxadaxe`cqgaxlymaxdidy,efdtewzadlebdy`xdidin.` ixde, 1 wdaen eaxa wx d`xpd lkk `ed "lbxa eax ipt zlaw" ly df aeig, 2 milecb minkgk ehla `l dlebd iy`x ik llk jxca myexd lawzn zexewna oi`e,laaa cnerd zelb y`x `ed zeyx ozepd ik xne`e..." :m"anxd ixacke.(oldl d`x) mz epiax oiiv xaky enke, 3 "...mkg `diy ei`pzn.'iymixwidizlkeipaza,'zydxeacizckpzcledlbxlazkpdfxn`n d"t oia mipeyd milcada,(b"kyz milyexi) wi'viiaeleq f"ixbd ly ezpadn k"b `vei jk cinlzlymiiyi`dmiaeiglwxcgeind"tezrcle,m"anxdlydxezcenlz'ldne"te.jli`e apyz'nr ek jxk zicenlz dictelwivp`:mb d`xe.wdaend eax itlk zekld weqtle dxez cnll dleb iy`x ly mzlekil rbepa dpwqn mey wiqdl `"` zxecdn] fv't dax ziy`xa) `zelb iyixl i"`ay mi`iypd oia dlicady l"fg zyxcn hay xeqi `l" :(`,`i zeixede,`,d oixcdpqa miiepiyae,[1219 'nr wal`-xece`iz el`-eilbxoianwwegne,lwnal`xyimrz`oicexylaaayzeilbiy`xel`-dcedin yibcdl wx `id dzpeek ixdy,"l`xyi ux`a miaxa dxez micnlny iax zialy mi`iyp,xa 'n y"n r"re) yiprdle zecxl ze`nvre zeknq dzid `zelb iy`xly dcaerd z` zey`x,onxd ;33-43 'nr [l"yz milyexi] cenlzde dpynd inia laaa dlebd zey`x.(jli`e 182'nr,d"qyz milyexi,xehwec zcear,cenlzd ztewza laaa dlebd `xen`d`xhefxn",odk'`y"n'ire)cnx'nrgt`wi"xzxecdnc,czexekay"ndit dxizie.(3 'rd 201 'nr [e"qyz] `l-l dpyd xtq :oli`îxa,"?`zicanet zaiyi y`x - lyecnrnz`cgeinacd``l`cqgax`wecik,mipeyzexewnndxe`klxxazn,efn 'nr,(e"pyz) `q,oeiv,"`cqg axl `ped ax oia miqgid",onxd 'b :d`x) dlebd y`x 'nr,(g"pyz)bq,my,"`cqgaxl`pedaxoiamiqgidlrcer",miidqxelt'i;263-279 d`xla`.(258-263 'nr[2 'rdlirl]dlebdzey`x,l"pd;82-83 'nr,my,onxd;77-78 zey`x,xa:d`x,dlebdy`xz`jixrd`l`pedaxxadaxmbe.epxn`nseqaoldl oiiprn.285,231,229'nr,my,dlebdzey`x,onxd;116-117'nr,(2dxrd,lirl)dlebd * 1 2 3 29
daydevnddzidz`fyi"yxldil`pnixdy,r"vzvwi"yxlyexaqdmvr.a (oldld`x)`,ekscamy'nbaxetiqdn,englwgxnn`iadi"yxile`e?ewqr lyeziayzvwrnynmyn,'eke"`zelbyixial`lbixc`zayailiirieedik" `xnba xekfi` lk oi` my mb ik m`,mzriqp zxhn mvra dzid `zelb yix 'i sca eplv` `xnbd oeyl,ok lr xzie.dlebd y`x ipt liawdl did jxevdy xewia ly `le,zi`xw` dyibt ly zernyn ea yi "`zelb yix ial erlwi`"! 5 e"k sca xteqnl cebipa, 4 opkezn lyeiptzlawdadevnlkoi`ixdy,i"yxyexitz`lawnepi`mzepaxok`e ipira og `vn `l `cqg ax inia lrty dlebd y`xyk cgeinae,dlebd y`x max did dlebd y`x m` elit`y `vei mz epiax ixacn,efn dxizie.minkg `ede!dkeqzevnnzxhetdpi`"lbxaeaxiptzlaw"lyefdevn-ynnwdaen :l"fe,zxg` dxeva devn igelyk mzewqrzd z` yxtn dxezcenlljleddnlyepaxyxityenk`l,devnawqerincikid`l`... `cqg axk `l`,diawr oa dippg 'xc jpd y"k k"`c,eax ipt liawdle yexcl `lbixc `zaya `zelb yix ia [iliir] eed ik `ped ax xa daxke iac,bgdzekldayexclexeqi`xaclknux`dinryixtdlmiaxlzeyxc w"a)i`qxtc`picoi`cc`zelbyixcopixn`ckiyxceed`l`zelbyix `zzrny `idda gkenck,`zelb yix eze` ded `cqg ax iniae,(a,gp axle`pedaxxadaxllirlxn`c`edongpaxe,ongpaxcdinwlif`c dkeqa edpipb`e `zelb yix ial irlwi` ik ekiizrnyn ezixcd` `cqg ipidne ipidl iliyn `lbixc `zaya dil itzkn opixn`cke,oiblten diepy oeik,dlilaoiameiaoiaoixehtdevnxaclikleddpyxeairoebke, 6 iliyl aiignedevnwqrai`w`zrye`zrylkepaz`lenle`lif``yxclc. 7 ded devna wqer `zry lke,meiak dlilae dlilak meia i"y:d`x,dlebdy`xdid`pedaxxadaxlyeia``wecmezidoay"xixaclikoiivl,b"pyz milyexi,onxail y"xl oexkfd xtq,"ilaad cenlza zixehqidd dcb`l",oncixt.256dxrd,160'nr zixehqidd zernynl",odk '` :d`x,jk lk xexa epi` "rlwi`" iehiad dyrnl la`.jli`e 51'nr,(h"pyz) eh,`xciq,"'ipelt ax rlwi`' dpena dnelbd ;129-130'nr(2 dxrd,lirl) xa:d`x,ddf xetiq mirexi`d ipya mi`exd mixweg mpyi la`.203'nr,dlebdzey`x;7dxrd82'nr'oeiv'aipydexn`n,(3dxrd,lirl)onxd ztewza `wxitd cqen",xin` '` ixacke,mdipia mixexa milcad miniiwy xexa.32'rd107'nr,(c"lyz)bk,gxfndxe`,"cenlzd zkll minkg ly mbdpny di`x `iadl ezpeeke.a,f oixcdpq ;`,ft `nei ;a,dk dvia.miaxa zeyxc yexcle `lbixc `zaya mixg` zenewnl,devn igely d"c a,dk dkeq 'qez :mb d`xe.hv 'iq,zeaeyzd wlg,z"xl xyid xtq mipreh md ixdy,i"yx ly exaqd mr minikqn mpi` md mby mdn rnyn zvwy itle,dxykdkeq`evnlmilekieid`l`pedaxe`cqgaxyote`ao`kxaecngxkday 4 5 6 7 30
ipt zlawa xaecny i"yx ly ezepyxt z` md mb elaiw `l mitqep mipey`x. 8 dlebd y`x mblbxaeaxiptliawdlaeigmiiwydgpddlrqqeano`ki"yxlyexaqd.b ixg`dfdonfalbxaeaxiptzlawlyaeigoi`y`idzlaewnddrcdj`,f"dfa dpy miiz`n hrnk,mi`xen`d ly ipyd xeca o`k xaecn ixde, 9 w"ndia oaxeg. 10 oaxegd ixg`.ek sca `aend xetiqd lr eplv` i"yx jnzqd ile`y a ze` lirl epxriy.c `lbxc`zayailiireedik,`pedaxxadaxe`cqgaxc`dik'`zi`mydpde mye.'oixehteop`devnigelyop`ixn`,`xeqc`zwx`epbeed`zelbyixial."`zelb yix ipt liawdle dyxcd renyl ep`ay" :devn igely d"c i"yx yxit `ed;lbxaeaxiptlawl(cerea,fhd"x)wgviaxlyaeigdz`xikfnepi`i"yx m` j`.`zelb yix ipt liawdle,dyxcd z` renyl :zexg` zeevn izy xikfn lre,dyxcdoiprz`llkaxikfdli"yxldnl-dlebdy`xiptzlawdlrxaecn? 11 xaecn dyxc efi` on) mi`xen`d "`lbixc `zay"ay i"yx x`an cenlza zenewn dnka.d dkeq`evnlmilekieid`lyxnelwegcdlebdy`xiptzlawzevnao`kxaecnyi"yx.dxyk sc(c"nyzmilyexi,xttew'`zxecdn)i"yxlyeyxcnziandkeqzkqnyexit:d`x ;"miieay oeictl,`pixg` `pyil.dxez cenll mipyi eidy" :devn igely d"c a"r i,xddon`"xyexitaqtcp)o"anxdcinlz;xz`lrd"`xdiyecig;dlxz'iq,d"ia`x i"x,xddonmdxa`'xla`.cere;xz`lrixi`n;xz`lr(d"lyzwxeieip,ielazxecdn.i"yxkmiyxtn(bqw'iq)rexfxe`g"xdneizeawrae(hvx'iqdkeqzekld)rexfxe`,wllk,z"igzkxrn,a"g)cngicylraxakjklrxirde,cv'iqg"e`z"dna"ep'ir.(dizpnxedae d"c `de.eaxiptlawlaiigyxn`ycwndonflrwgvi'xe'...eixacjezamyazeka"epd,lbxdizaeynjpi`irli`'xlxn`yf"kscdkeqa`"xlrwgviaxc`xnindywdc xityejbgazgnyeyixc`xwxfril`'xixdccere,didziadonfa`"xmbcmeynepiid ezianz`vl`lyjixv`deycwndonfaelit`lbxaeaxiptlawlxyt`ji`dywn dlrp mye ycwnd dpaiyk cizrly ol `wtp `linne.dineia iz`e lif`a ipyne,lbxa xexaixdy,midenza"epdixacla`.'enewnllbxaeaxiptlawldfaeigxefgid`xpe zlawd",iqexrx"xy"n'ir,oaxegdixg`ygxzdxfril`'xeirli`'xlydfdyrnik mb ik xxazn mitqep zexewnn,ok`e.grw-erw 'nr,(a"nyz) ck,mrep,"lbxa ax ipt y"iir,axd ipt zlawd ly ef dkld eniiw oaxegd ixg` mi`xen`de mi`pzd ztewza milyexi,cenlzde dpynd ztewza l`xyi icren,ixeaz i"x y"nae,6 dxrd gqw 'nr rbepa lecb yecig ycgn ef daeyza a"epd ik k"b oiivl ie`x.35 dxrd,51 'nr,q"yz lydfl,(a"epdlyepeylk)"`xnbdiwizrn",y"`xdes"ixdlywqtdjxcoialcadl.miycegnd eixaca ahid y"eri,r"eyde xehd xikfdi"yxdnlletltjxcaayiiny,eh'nr,`"txzdpie,dxezlh,wix`n"x:d`xe.el` zeevn izy 8 9 10 11 31
gqtiptly":`zayad"c`,lzekxai"yx'ir. 12 miyxeceid(daiyiiy`xmzqd izn oiivn `l i"yx. 13 "mipyxcd eid exira `xhef xne exira xnixne,zekeqe zxvre dniiwzdefzayyi"yxeplricenmixg`zenewnaj`,efzaydniiwzdweica e`ay l"pd dkeqa i"yx ly exaqd z` xzeq dfe, 14 bgd iptl mei miyely jeza! 15 zekeq rvn`a dyxc renyl ä ä ä xywdloi`ef"`lbixc`zay"ygipdlexrylozipydnec,elldmiiywdoiba df cgein 'lbx'.`zelb yix ly 'lbx'd mr wx `l` - milbxd yely mr edylk :oe`b`xixyaxlyezxb`axkfen."oiyxecy":`zayad"ca,dkdvia,lynlcerd`x xne`myy,a,fizekxai"yxldxizqd`xpkzniiwyoiivnxz`lrq"ydoeilba`"rx `ziixe`c`xwiefg`wcedpipalixia``iqgn`znipa":iy`axlyezxni`lri"yx axcyxcngqtdzekldarenylxc`al`xyimymitq`peidy"-"...`zayaipnifixz `zay"l oeekzd iy` ax mby d`xpk xaq `"rx."bgd zekld renyl lel`ae iy`.lscao`keixaclcebipa,zereayz`i"yxxikfd`lmyy`id`"rxzpeeke,"`lbixc ixzd"cmy'qezayxetnyenke,dlkdiycegl`idiy`axzpeekdxe`klixdy,b"rve lel`wxeiddlkiyceg;i"yxlyeyexititlelit`"`lbixc`zay"lxeywdfoi`e,ipnf dlkdyceglilaadozpaxlyexe`izcerd`xe.i"yxadxizqmeyoi``linne,xc`e yibcn `ed mby,(87'nr,a,b"pxz cxetqwe`,minid zexewe minkgd xcq,x`eaiep'`) mezid oa dnly 'x ik oiivl ie`xd one.xc`e lel` iycega wx eniiwzd dlk iycegy iax":`"rdscleyexita(15'nr,r"xzoilxa,zeigt"vzxecdn)oiwynzkqnyexita iywn ded `l `lbixc `zaya,dil iywn ded `nei lkc `cinlz `edd dil ded i`pi edin" :"`lbxc `zay" = "lecbd zay"k dpyd y`x iptly zayd z` mb xikfn,"dil ddf eyexit."dil dywn ded `l dkeqe dpyd y`xe zxvre gqt iptly lecbd zaya jk yxtn `edy d`xpk.zereay iptl mb dniiwzd `lbixc `zayy l"pd i"yx yexitl :d`x,"lecbd zay" milbxd lk iptly zayd z` zepkl ziwlhi`d zxeqnd zeawra dxrdlirl)l`xyiicren,ixeazi"x;54'nr,e"hyzmilyexi,dnlydcbd,xykn"nx.myoiievydnae186'rd128'nr(10 dklddz`xikfnmpn`myzexekaai"yx.a,foixcdpqea,cnzexekaea,flzegpna o`kl"pdzegpn'qnaeyexitlcebipala`,bgdmcewmeimiyelybgdzekldaoiyxecy epipra oiyxece oil`ey"y(`,al-e `,c)dlibn'qna `ziixadz` `ian`edzexekaa ef dkld ixdy,r"ve."bga bg zeklde zxvra zxvr zekld gqta gqt zekld,mei ly!xg`aeig`ede,bgdiptlmeimiyelylyaeiglsqepa,envrbgazeyxczaiign :miyxtn mixg` mipey`x la`.ef zay dniiwzd izn yxtn epi` dkeqa o`k i"yx zaydlilamipyieid...laaaydleby`xlyyxcnl bgd jeza zaya mikled eidyk" h,oexeyi,onqheb y"x i"r l"i,"dkeq s"ixl oencw yexit") "...`xeq ly xdp zty lr,lbxdiptlyzay":(8dxrd,lirl)o"anxcinlzlyeyexitr"ve.cere,(hn'nr[`"qyz] dxe`kl ;"daiyid y`x itn dyxcd renyl ekldy itl...lbx ly epiprn oiyxec eidy zevnoiicro`koi`lbxdiptlyzayaxaecnm`ixdy,`ibeqdz`mledepi`dfyexit!dkeq zaiyi 12 13 14 15 32
`z`ey`x mikixv dede,diqgn `zna `z`elb iyixc ilbix epwz`c oeike...,`z`elb iy`xc `lbix `idc jl jl zaya onzl lfinl `zica metc... 16 mzd xcinl `z`elb iy`xc aex erawi`e jxcaeid`pedaxxadaxe`cqgax`,ekscl"pd'nbayxrylozipdfitlr 17`rcxdpl ebbgy zcgeind zayd `id,`lbixc `zay ly miqkha szzydl dnkzrcl.zekeqixg`zezaydnk,jljlzyxtadniiwzdy,`zelbyixceakl dlebd y`x ly ecnrna ef zcgein zaya exn`py zeyxc ecxy s` mixweg lr zaqend i`g` axc zezli`ya jl jl zyxtl `zli`yd lynl jk ;eceakle dcenil zeaiyge dxezd cenill zycwend,"oxga eyr xy` ytpd z`e" weqtd `negpza dievnd laaa zeaiyid izy ly ozeaiyg lr dyxcd mbe,mixg`l xge`n dxared `ide jl jl zyxta dxewn mzrcly,b 'iq gp zyxt (qtcpd) dnxby `id l"pd ilnqd weqtd z`ixw `weecy mixryn mixweg dnk.gpl xzei zeaiyid izy ibivp etq`zd day zay,"`lbxc `zay"k efd zayd z` oiivl lr.dxezd zvaxd ly dycg dpy z`xwl cecire wefig lawle zeyxc renyl `pz"a dxewny dwqitn oikeniq e`iad df weqta dpenhd zcgeind zeilnqd eyr xy` ytpd" ly ef dtewz ik zraewd,`,h f"ra zxkfend "edil` iac zepy miitl` epiidc,mlerd meiw zepy ly ipyd yilyd z` zgzet "oxga z` cqiil laal ax zcixie dpynd znizg mr zniizqn ef dtewze,"dxez". 18 my daiyid, 19`xeqa ef dtewza d`xpd lkk exxebzdy,`ped x"a daxe `cqg axy d`xpk.125'nr(`"pyz milyexi,izxecdn) oe`b `xixy ax zxb` lkkdiddlebdy`xlyeayenmewn,`pedx"adaxe`cqgax,ongpaxztewzaixdy.206-207'nr,(2 dxrd,lirl) dlebd zey`x,onxd:d`x,`rcxdpa d`xpd zezli`y,iwqxinw"y;18'nr,`,xhkyifpb,l"pd;5'nr,`,dwipe`b,bxeavpib'l:d`x :cer d`x,gp `negpza dyxcd lr.4-6 'nr,`ean,j"yz milyexi,`,oe`b i`g` axc iewxit,icexa'i:dpexg`le.383-405'nr,(`"vxz) a,uiaxz,"dfipbd icixyn",oiel n"a dneyxd zextqde,29-30'nr,b"qyz aia` lz,icediîmiptd qenletd zecleze iea`a oa dxrdxwirae,fi'nr,(a"pyz)e,zeteq`,"eitelige'jlk'",myhinf"zy"nmb'ire.my '`lbixc`zay'dzidjljlzayymipe`bdztewznsqepxewnmiiwydfitlokzie,47 oe`b`xixyaxlyezaeyzambmi`venep``lbixc`zayai`pipgaxlyezegkepz`) milyexi,l`epnr 'y zxecdn,zeycgd mipe`bd zeaeyz :d`x,dpexg`l dnqxety,279'nr,f"nyz milyexi,b,zelecb zekld) xniidqclid'r zrcl.(161-162'nr,d"pyz dxewn zexeka zekld b"daa dievnd dpedk zepznl dkex`d zepyxtd lk (1 dxrd :mbd`xe.efzcgeinzayndcxyyztqepdyxcepiptlk"`e,jljlzyxtl`zli`ya.26-29'nr,h"pyz wxei eipe milyexi,zeweqt zekld xtql `ean,bivpc'p 'i;306,289-290'nr,h"kyzmilyeximicenlzl`ean,wal`'g:d`xmayenmewnlr.flw-`kw'nr,(a"lyz) `r,ipiq,"`cqg ax ly eiig zeclezl",miidqxelt 16 17 18 19 33
xdpd segl eribde, 20 cren ly elega `rcxdpl mzriqp z` ligzdl mikixv eid :201'nr,lrjxr,e"g,mlydjexr:d`x,ze`qxtmixyrkdid`rcxdpl`xeqnwgxnd 'konith`xeqonlirl`rcxdpe zxt lr ediiexze `xeqa axe `rcxdpa l`eny'it..." lre.209-210'nr[2 dxrd lirl] dlebd zey`x,onxd:d`x,`rcxdp mewin lr)"...iqxt A. Oppenheimer, Babylonia Judaica in the Talmudic Period, Wiesbaden:d`x,`xeq mikixv eidy epzgpd mr mi`zn df oi`e ;xhneliw 100Îk epiidc,(1983, pp. 417-418 mc`jldndnk":`,cvmigqt'ir)efziqgidxvwdriqplxzeie`miireaykyicwdl epb eed" l`ppg epax ly egqep it lr miayiizn mixacd.("ze`qxt xyr,meia ipepia milyexi,mixg`e wi'viiaeleq `"x zxecdn,dkeq l`ppg epiax yexit)"...`xdpc`zwx`,dfipbd on oencw yexita mb ievn llk `xeq z` xikfn epi`y df gqep.(p 'nr,c"pyz inkg lv`e,igxfnd gqepl mizrl daexw mdly gqepd zxeqny miifpky` ciîiazk ipya :d`x,zwiiecn zigxfn gqep zxeqn d`xpd lkk swyn `ede,b"id d`ndn cxtq ikdfgqepnbiizqn13'rd152'nrmyenvrixhyeyy)my,oyidwxtgqep,ixhyey j"nq zeize`d] itxb oeinc awr '`xeq' dlind ly yeaiy `id '`xdp' dlindy xyt`" jetdyeaiyl`weecmxbdfitxboeincikce`nxiaqla`,"[`"deo"epletlgzde"`ee okzie,llk `xeqa ygxzd `l df rexi` ef dqxib itl mipt lk lr."`xeq"l "`xdp"n lr) ixtk - laaa zxg` xira zr dze`a did `cqg ax ly eayen mewny ce`n zxt xdp ci lr dpky `id mby,(my,miidqxelt ;my,wal` :d`x,ef xira ezexxebzd micedidiaeyi,ly`v"a:d`xixtklydnewinlr)mitqepxhneliw50îklywgxna dxryd ef la`.(131'nr,h"lyz milyexi,icenlz oewihqnepe`:cenlzd ztewza laaa `pedaxxadaxmr`zeeva`cqgaxz`llkjxcami`venep`ixdy,zvwnadyelw gqepdicrlkajkea'rd52'nr,my,mixteqiwecwc'ire)`,aizekxa'ir,`cixb`xeqa `lele.l"ie.a,gn zereay ;a,alw a"a ;a,hv zeaezk ;a,ci dkeq ;(meik miievnd z`e`xwefdtewzaikrpnpdonepi`y`ide,zycegndxrydrivniziid`pitzqnc bdpnd mixwegdnkzrclixdy,zekeqd bgldaexwxzei dziidyzaya jljlzyxt xak ziy`xa z` ligzdle,mixetikd mei iptl dxezd z` miiql did laaa mecwd xak,zekeqe k"dei oiay zayay okzii k"`.meid laewnk dxez zgnya `le,k"deia,obeal`n"i:d`x.jljle`gpe`xw,bgdixg`zayae,ziy`xae`gpzyxtz`e`xw bg zeclez,ixri'`;126'nr,g"nyz aia` lz,zixehqidd dzegztzda l`xyia dltzd zxvr ipiny zekeq xefgn,lwpxt 'i ;37-38,18-19 'nr,c"kyz milyexi,dxez zgny icren,ixeaz i"x;dk-ck'nr,`ean,`"nyz milyexi,fpky` ipa ibdpn itl dxez zgnye zeyxtl dxezd zwelga minecw mibdpn",melyîxy'x;301'nr,(10 dxrd,lirl) l`xyi zekxa :cebi`d cenlz,uiaepa 'n ;bx-ax 'nr,(g"pyz) `kw,ipiq,"dpyd gela oveaiye mecwxewnlaleny`ldl`mixwegyoiivlyi.323'nr,e"qyzmilyexi,oey`xwxt dax ziy`xaa ievnd yxcd `ede,k"deia ziy`xa z`ixw ly "dcb`"l dwif el yiy elozpycg`mei,awridfxwaidie,eyrdfaxridie":[16'nrwal`-xece`izzxecdn] lyepeylke.2'eylgqepiiepiya,24'nr,mymbd`xe!"mixetikdmeidf,dfi`e,d"awd ohyd daeyz ini zxyra,dcbda epivne..." :(l"pd mixwegd icia `aed) xehird lra idie dgpna mixetkd meia ziy`xa zexwl ebdp jkitl...dxezd z` eniiq ixdy bxhwn :(my `aed) hwld ilaya `ed jke."...oifixf l`xyi ixd,d"awd l"`e,xwa idie axr dcb`d."...(!)cg` mei xwa idie axr idie mixetikd meia dgpna ziy`xa zexwl...",x"aa yxcd lr d`xpk zzzyen hwld ilaye xehird,ipelvxad dcedi'x icia zxkfend 20 34
xdp ci lr zpkey `id mby,`rcxdpl mze` xiarzy dpitq biydl ick `xeqa,`xeqa dniiwzd ef `lbixc `zayy `id mipey`x dnk zpady mbde. 21 zxt ek sc dkeqa rexi`dy epzpadk miyxtnd mipey`x mpyi, 22 mcrin wegx `l eidy oeik dkeq ytgl mnvr z` egixhd `l mde, 23 mzriqp rvn`a ygxzd.devn igely zeyxcdz`renylelit`y`edeksca'nba`aendxetiqdlyyecigddfitl `zelb yix ipt z` lawle,dtewzd ly milebcd minkgd i"r ef zaya exn`py die`xd devnl aygp,laa zeaiyi mr mixywd z` wcide eceakl jxrpy qkha fnxmeyoi`,isca,mcewdxetiqaj`."devnigely"dil`mirqepdz`aiygdl e`,"`lbixc `zay"l miler eidy e`,dlebd y`x ipt z` lawl ekldy `xnba bgd jyna cg` axray epl zxtqn wx `xnbd.dyxc efi`l jxca eidy elit` yixiac`pzgdidmzzbeltxaongpaxyoeeike,`zelbyixlyezial"erlwi`" dxe`kl ozip x"aa ef dcb` ly zelzdn.zil`xyiîux` dcb` zbviin `idy xiaq okle ztewza l`xyi ux`a mb ixdy,laal xaredy mecw il`xyivx` bdpna xaecny cenll z`ixw lr",lhpfex 'c :d`x,zizpy cg d`ixw ly bdpn did geex dixg`e mi`xen`d,xyiilt 'r ;144-148 'nr,(c"nyz) bp,uiaxz,"l`xyi ux`a izpyîcg xefgna dxezd zextqde 38-42 'nr,(a"pyz) `q,uiaxz,"dxeza zizpyîzlze zizpyîcg d`ixw","l`xyi ux` bdpnk dxeza d`ixwd ly izpyîzlzd xefgnd oeiavl",l"pd;my z`aend.118-124'nr,(c"qyz) br,my xzen ixd devn xacle,mipta oldl d`x,xz` lr ixi`nde mzknd lra miyxtn jk 61'nronxailzxecdn,b"idb"itzay`ztqez)bglyoexg`aehmeiaxrambbiltdl ;216-218 'nr,b,dheytk `ztqez,onxail 'y :dkex`a d`xe.`,hi zay ;58-59 dxey 168 'nr,q"yz milyexi,1100-1350 fpky`a ze`ivne bdpn,dkld,rnyî`z n"i.(jli`e 'nr dgny ixry,z`ib u"ix;"mikled ep`y":`le,"...dyxcd renyl ep`ay":o`k i"yx ax xa daxe `cqg axc `d ik,ixiht inp iabl irlwinc ixz`l ehn ik elit`e..." :ht meyn mrhd il d`xpe..." :dlxz 'iq d"ia`x ;"...ilbixc `zaya iliir eed ik `ped ;"devn iwqer llka eede,ith weqrl xgnl mileki dlila mz`pda mipyie migpykc `eal exdniy ick...":xz` lr `"ahix;"`yxcl xweaa xdn eidiy ick...":xz` lr d"`xd,i"yxky,xz` lr xdd on mdxa` 'xa 'ire."`lbxc `yxc renylyxcnd zial xweaa,203'nr(2dxrd,lirl)dlebdzey`x,onxdd`xe.(15dxrd,lirl)s"ixloencwyexitae.123-124'nre epbeedc`peddaxxadaxe`cqgaxoke...":bqw'iqrexfxe`g"xdn,hvx'iqrexfxe` devn xacl mikled eidy li`edc meyn,dkeql zkll oileki eidy t"r`,`xdpc `zwx` [lr] my oipiznn eid inp daxe `cqg axe" :xz` lr mzknd ;"...myl eribd `l oiicre `zwx`epbeed...":xz`lrixi`n;"dkeqxg`xfglemynzeptloilekieid`ledpitq J. Obermeyer, Die cer d`xe."my onefne mdl ievn mxarn `diy ick `xeqc Landschaft Babylonien im Zeitalter des Talmuds und des Gaonats, Frankfurt 1929, p.,ilaaa'oyid'wxtgqep,ixhyey'x:cgeina d`xe.107'nr,(5dxrd,lirl)xin`;292.151-152'nr,e"qyz oli` xa zhiqxaipe`,xnb zcear 21 22 23 35
xetiqdlyyecigdo`k.mymze`gxi`ydf`eddnlce`noaen, 24 recik`zelb gexhl jxevd z` mdn dkqg,didzy dn didz,mzeevna mzewqrzdy `ed epze` zcnln jkl sqep.dkeq zevn meiwn eid mixehte,dxyk dkeq ytgle ly"ezia"a"`xz`c`xn"laygp`l,`zelbyixiac`pzgk,ongpaxy`xnbd.dklda ezexnl rpkidl mze` aiigiy jk,dlebd y`x xeaq did ek scl eyexita mbe i scl eyexita cgeina,i"yxy okzii mb la` `xixy ax itl ixdy,`cqg ax ly eax dnîzcina did ok` df dleb y`x ik 25 oe`b wdaen mkgk cenlza crezn `ede, 26 dlebd y`xk f` odik `awer xn z` exqny miixwird mi`xen`d lr dpnp `wec `cqg axe,oic zia a`ke. 27 eixn`n,"`zay"zaizdxqgeksca'nbdlymiipnizdgqepdicrayxirdlie`xdon `pegaxxa`axe`cqgax":mygqepd`edjke;xcrpdlebdy`xlxywdmbe."opixehteop`devnigelyop`ixn``xeqc`z`wx`ep`b`lbxlilf`dedik oi`e,"dlebdy`xzia"le`"`lbxc`zay"lxeywepi`rexi`defdqxibitlr "`lbixc `zay"y yxtn i"yx mda cenlza zenewnd x`yl o`kn dxizq lk edylk xyw df xetiql oi` ef `qxib itl,ok enk.bgd iptl llk jxca dniiwzd. 28 jljlzayabgdixg`dniiwzdb"yxitly"`lbixc`zay"mr.jli`e 931'nr,b,mi`xen`e mi`pz zeclez,oniid'` ax ly zipy zxb` ;106 'nr,`"pyz milyexi,izxecdn,oe`b `xixy ax zxb` :d`x,xa ;(128,126,77 'nr,oiel zxecdn) ai,f 'nr,`"pyz wxeiîeip,izxecdn,oe`b `xixy.97-108'nr,(2dxrd,lirl)dlebdzey`x,onxd;65-77'nr,(2dxrd,lirl)dlebdzey`x rpnpd on df oi` mbe,zifpky`d zipyxtd zxeqna dziid zxken dxe`kl ef dcaer.zenewndnkadxe`klecilrzxkfenzxb`dixdy,b"yxzxb`lrjnzqno`ki"yxy,y"wf'p:jeza,w"enld"nbxyexit;oaziikd"c,af"h,w"en,i"yxlqgeindyexit:d`x 'r :d`x,elld miyexit lr) dt 'nr,e"kyz milyexi,ohw cren zkqnl mipey`x uaew mixwgn :miigl dxhr,"i"yxl miqgeind ohw cren zkqnl miyexitd lr",xnxy d`xe.534-554'nr,q"yz milyexi,iwqaexhinic f"g ceakl zipaxde zicenlzd zextqa :deeyde ;ziiv i`d"c,a"r`l,oixcdpq,'qeza oke.xz`lr,mezidoa y"x yexita mb zcin lr.(nw 'nr,a"pyz milyexi,g,dlecb ixcdpq,uiytil 'i :jeza,dyn 'x 'qez ly zeitxbeixehqidd zexrdd zpigal",odk y"a :d`x,b"yx zxb`a i"yx ly eyeniy.55-73'nr,(2007) 6,JSIJ,"ilaad cenlzl eyexita laa i`xen` lr i"yx ly ezxryd z` cegiia d`xe.977 'nr,b,mi`xen`e mi`pz zeclez,oniid '` :d`x ep` mircei" :akw-`kw 'nr,(19 dxrd,lirl) `cqg ax ly eiig zeclezl,miidqxelt did `awer xn s`y xyt`e,ezexirva `cqg ax ly eizeaxn did inia`y,xexiaa."...mdn lka...'`lbixc`zay'":11dxrd,152'nr,(23dxrd,lirl)oyidwxtgqep,ixhyey:d`x."lbxd jezay zay eyexit epziibeqa eli`e,lbxd iptly zay eyexit elld zenewnd migqepd zqxbk d`xp,mirtend lka'`lbxc `zay' ly zernynd xe`ly `id ezpwqn.'`zaya' qexbl oi`y dkeq ilaa ly miipnizd 24 25 26 27 28 36