ozraxòzpmè,dfzàkrndfoiìkdelit`,oallymihegdylyezlkzlycg`hege`

Transkrypt

1 fiw Mishnah Menahot, chapter cwxtzegpndpyn (1) The[mitzvah of tzitzit requires four oande,oand z` zamrn Dpi` zlkyd ` twisted threads for each corner of a Dpi` cilwdnty.zlkydz` amrn Fpi` four-cornered garment, either two blue zamrn Dpi` W`x lwe,w`x Ÿ lw zamrn threadsandtwowhite,oroneblueand,oiidzòiamrnopiònxdezlqd.cilw Ÿ three white. The absence of] the blue ofvigd gafn lrw zfpyod.oamrn oiid `le Ÿ [thread] does not invalidate the white mili`de mixrd a :Ff z` Ff zfamrn opi` [thread], nor does the[absence of the] ofrnw iax.dfz`dfoiamrnopi`miuamde white invalidate the blue [consequently, if one placed four blue or four white threads, the tzitzit would be valid]. The [absence in tefillin of the] hand-tefillah does not invalidate the head-tefillah, nor does the [absence of the] head-tefillah invalidate the hand-teflllah[and therefore, if one only has one teflllah, he should put it on]. The [absence, in those sacrifices which require flour, oil and wine (see Numbers 15:3-7),of]fineflourandoildoesnotinvalidatethewine,nordoesthe[absence of the] wine invalidate them. The[omission of one of the] applications[of the blood] on the outer altar[e.g., a sin-offering requires four applications] does not invalidate the rest[i.e., one application effects atonement(see Mishnah Zevahim 4:1)]. (2)The[absenceofeitherthe]bullorthe[two]ramsorthe[seven]lambs[which are brought with the two loaves of bread on Shavuot(see Leviticus, 23:18)] does not invalidate the others[i.e., the other additional(mussaf) sacrifices, consisting of two bulls, one ram and seven lambs which are brought on Shavuot (see Numbers, 28:27)]. Rabbi Shimon says: If they had[enough money for the] many,oallyoihegipyezlkzlyoihegipyzzldevncb"r`.oaldz`zakrndpi`zlkzd ozraxòzpmè,dfzàkrndfoiìkdelit`,oallymihegdylyezlkzlycg`hege` `wec,azk m"anx.y`xlyzakrndpi`cilydltz:`vi,oally(ozraxè`)zlkzly,zxg`d`vniycrzg`dgipi`lodnzg``lèlv`dievnoi`m`la`,elvòiievnodizyy [.cnzegpn]`xnbaikdxn`co`nc.`zkldk`lcdfe.cinzzg`lrjenqiedrhi`nyopixfb.dinza,ciarl`linpdevn`cgzevnizxzdilzilco`n`lè,eleywdydngkn,diaxcd izeax lk exed oke.ef z` ef zeakrn opi` elv` oiievn oi`y oia elv` oiievn odipyy oia dklde eìadm`y.mikqply.oiidzòiakrnopi`:mikqpzgpnly.onydezleqd:dyrnldkld oi`:z`hglyzepznraxòebk.oevigdgafnlyzepznd:ekqpn,onyezleq`laoiidz` zg` dkity,jtyi jigaf mce(ai mixac) aizkc.xtikzg``lòzp`lm`y.efzèfzeakrn lr mzaxwde,mipdkd l` xen` zyxta iaizkc jpd.miyakde mili`de mixtd a ` :rnyn ly mgld izy mr miàd,mipy miliè cg` xwa oa xte dpy ipa mininz miyak zray mgld zyxtamiaezkdzxvrlymitqenlymiyakdrayecg`lièmipymixtdmiakrnopi`,zxvr

2 giw 118 bulls but not [for] the accompanying mdleid`lemiaxnmixrmdleidm`,xnf` Ÿ ª libations, they should[choose to] bring onkeaxwi`leeikqpecg`xreìai,mikqp ª Ÿ one bull and its accompanying miuamde mili`de xrd b :oikqp `la Ÿ libations, rather than offer all of them mgnd `le Ÿ,mgNdz` oiamrnopi` xirvde without their libations [the halachah miuamde,miuamd z` amrn mgnd.oamrn does not follow Rabbi Shimon]..àiwr iax ixac,mgnd z` oiamrn opi` (3)The[absenceofthe]bull,therams, miuamd `N`,ik `l Ÿ,qPp oa ofrnw xn` or the lambs [for burnt-offerings] or z` amrn Fpi` mgnde,mgnd z` oiamrn the he-goat[as a sin-offering] does not xacoa l`xui EidWM,Epivn omw,miuamd invalidate the [two loaves] bread s`,mgl `la Ÿ miuak Eaxw,dpW mirax` [meal-offering of Shavuot (Leviticus iax xn`.mgl `la Ÿ miuak Eaxwi o`m ibid.)], nor does the [absence of the mrhdoi`la`,qppoaixacmdkld,ofrnw two loaves of] bread invalidate them. axw,micewrd WOgA ª xen`d lmw,eixacm [However] the [absence of the loaves of] bread invalidates the [peace-offering of the two] lambs [since they require waving alongside the bread(ibid verse 20)], but the[absence of the] lambs does not invalidate the[loaves of] bread; these are the words of Rabbi Akiva. Rabbi Shimon ben Nannos says: It is not so, but rather, the [absence of the] lambs invalidates the[loaves of] bread, while the[absence of the loaves of] bread does notinvalidatethelambs;forsowefinditwasthecasewhentheisraeliteswere in the wilderness for forty years they offered the lambs without the[loaves of] bread [since they didn't have any bread, only manna]; therefore, now also, we may offer the lambs without the meal-offering. Rabbi Shimon says: The halachah is according to the words of ben Nannos but the reason is not as he stated it; since the offerings stated in the Book of Numbers were offered in the wilderness, akrn mgld izyly xtd`le,mgldizy lyxtd oiakrnmitqen lymixt [ipy]oi`y.qgpit li``le,mitqenlycg`li`doiakrnopi`mgldizylymiliìpyoke.mitqenlymixtipy 'x :el` z` el` oiakrn oi` miyakd oke.mgld izy ly mili`d ipy akrn mitqen ly cg` mdleid`le,okxvickmixtzepwlickminc,xnelk.oiaexnmixtmdleidm`xneòerny li`l dtiè xtl dti`(en l`wfgi) aizkc`xwndlwitne.eikqpecg`xteìai,mikqpzepwlminc dylymixtzgpn`lde,ìdzg`milièmixtzcnike,ecibiyzxy`kmiyakledgpndyri dcn ezti` mr cg` li` cg` xt ìadl aheny jricedl `l`,oexyr ipy mili` zgpne oexyr xtd b :oerny 'xk dkld oiè.mzgpn `la miaexn miliè miaexn mixt ìadln,el die`xd oi`:z`hg èdy xiryd on ueg zeler oleke.mgld llba miàd.xiryde miyakde mili`de mgld :oiycewn,elld zepaxwd `la zxvr ly mgld izy eìad m`y.mgld z` oiakrn miyakde:mgldmrdtepzlewwfedyminlycmiyakipyodmiyakjpd.miyakdzàkrn meìadeli`kmiyecwodemgldizymiìan,miyake`vnp`lm`y.mgldzòiakrnopi` ixackdkld:ond`l`xacnamglmdldid`lixdy.mgl`lamiyakeaxw:miyakdmr

3 hiw 119 buttheofferingsstatedinthebookof axw `l,mipdm Ÿ Ÿ zxfza xen`d lke.xacoa Leviticus were not offered in the.enè EN` Eaxw,ux`l EÀXn.xAcOA wilderness [hence there was no need,mgl`lamiuakeaxwixnfìp`dniprne Ÿ for bread]; however, when they came.(mgl `la) Ÿ onvr z` oixiyn miuamdw into the land of Israel they offered :EPxiYi in Fl oi`,miuak `la Ÿ mgl bothkinds.whythendoisaythatthe `le Ÿ,mitqEOd z` oiamrn opi` oicinyd c lambs may be offered without the mitqeod `le,oicinyd Ÿ z` oiamrn mitqeod [loaves of] bread? Because the lambs,xwaa Ÿ UakEaixwd`l.dfz`dfoiaMrn Ÿ [which were peace-offerings] render,ofrnw iax xn`.miaxrd oia Eaixwi themselves permissible [to be eaten, through the burning of their sacrificial fats on the altar] without the[loaves of] bread. However, the [loaves of] bread may not be offered without the lambs, since there is nothing that renders it permissible[since it is only the sacrificing ofthelambswhichpermitstheloavestobeeaten]. (4) The[lack in the order of precedence of the] daily[morning tamid] offerings does not invalidate the additional [mussaf] offerings [i.e., if the mussaf was offered before the tamid], nor does[the absence of precedence of] the additional [mussaf] offerings invalidate the daily [evening tamid] offerings [i.e., if the evening tamid was offered before the mussaf, it is still valid]; moreover, of the additional[mussaf] offerings the[absence of] one does not invalidate the other [i.e., in the event of a Shabbat on Rosh Hodesh when two mussafim are sacrificed, first the Shabbat offering, followed by the one for Rosh Hodesh: if he reversedtheorder,itisstillvalid].if[whenthealtarwasfirstbuilt,itwasnot yetdedicatedforuseintimeforthemorningtamidsacrifice,thentheymustnot offer the evening tamid sacrifice. Once, however, the altar was already dedicated, if]theydidnotofferthelambinthemorning[i.e.,themorningtamid],theystill must offer[the lamb] towards evening[i.e., the evening tamid]. Rabbi Shimon miyak eaxw xacna xne` èdc.eixack mrhd oi` la`:mgld z` miakrn miyakc.qpp oa mixen`d mitqen zepaxw oebk.xacna xtqa.micewtd ynega xen`d lky:ìd `le,minlyc.xacna eaxw `l.`xwie xtqa epiidc.mipdk zxeza xen`d lke:xacna eaxw,qgpit zyxta mgld lrc dlerl miliè xte miyak dray jpd oebk mipdkd l` xenà mixen`d miyak jpde xzenmgldoi`y.epxiziiniloi`miyak`lamgl :xacna eaxw `l minlyc miyak ipye z` oiakrn opi` micinzd c :oerny iaxk dklde.miyak eaxwiy cr mipdkl dlikà aixwn oicinz ira i`c,df z` df oiakrn oi`c xn`w dnicw oiprlc,yxtn `xnba.mitqend zler epiidc dlerd rnyne,dlerd dilr jxre aizkc b"rè,`yixa aixwn oitqen ira iè,`yixa oerny 'x xn` :akrl `l la` `nlra devnl `l` df oi`,zepaxwd lkl dpey`x `dz cinz

4 kw 120 says:whenisthisso?onlywhenthey had acted under constraint or in error, but if they acted deliberately and did notofferthelambinthemorning,they [i.e., those same priests] may not offer [the tamid lamb] towards evening [however, other priests do]. If they did not burn the morning incense, they la`.oibbfw F` oiqep` EidW onfa,izni` `l Ÿ,xwAA Ÿ Uak Eaixwd`le Ÿ oicifneidm` zxhw Ÿ Exihwd `l Ÿ.miAxrd oia Eaixwi iax xn`.miaxrd oia Exihwi,xwAA Ÿ oi`w,miaxrd oia daxw dzid DNke,oFrnW ª mioqdzxhwa`làdgdgafnzòikpgn Ÿ `N` dlfrd gafn `le Ÿ,(miAxrd oia lw) [do] burn the evening[incense]. Rabbi Shimon says: The whole of it[i.e., both morning and evening portions of incense] was burned towards evening [the halachah does not follow Rabbi Shimon. And, according to the Tanna kamma, why the difference between the tamid sacrifices and the incense offerings?] Because the golden altar was dedicated only by the[evening] incense of spices [therefore, regardless of whether or not it was dedicated yet, if the morning incense was not offered, the evening incense is offered], the altar for the burnt-offering[however, is dedicated] only by the daily[tamid] offering of the eaixwi`lxweaayakeaixwd`l,ipzwikde`xqgnixeqgoizipzncyxtn`xnba.'ekeizni` xn`.miaxrdoiaeaixwigafndjpgzpla`,gafndjpgzp`lymixen`mixacdna,miaxrdoia `l xweaa yak eaixwd `le micifn eid m` la`,mibbey e` miqep` eidy onfa izni` oerny 'x,miaxrd oialycinzdeaixwi`lxgylycinzdeaixwd`l,eyexit ikde.miaxrdoiaeaixwi.`l `liè,miaxrdoia axwilipyxykedxweaadyrz cg`yakdz`m`,`xw yxcinikdc lirlaizkc,devzdzèzyxtaaizkjepiga`xwi`dc,gafnjpgzp`lymixen`mixacdna aixwd`lelit`,zepaxweilraixwdxakygafnjpgzpla`.gafndlrdyrzxy`dfedipin oia dyrz ipyd yakd zè qgpit zyxta aizkc,miaxrd oia ly cinz aixwi xgy ly cinz ixtqaìpze,xweaadyrzcg`dyakdzàizk`l`xwèddae,ekqpkexweadzgpnkmiaxrd yakdzènrxn`pyitl,'ebeipydyakdzèdyxtadlrnlxn`p`ldexn`pdnl`xwi`d xnelcenlz,miaxrdoialyeaixwi`lyip`rneyxgylyeaixwd`lyixd,xweaadyrzcg` m` la`,miaxrd oia ly aixwi xgy ly aixwd `l m`y jl cibn,ipyd yakd zè `xza `xw exihwd `l:eaixwdl mileki mixg` mipdk la`.micifnd oze`,miaxrd oia eaixwi `l'ek micifn zeaxminrtzxehwxihwiy`xabcga`giky`lzxehwc.miaxrd oia exihwi xweaa zxehw eniyi(bl mixac) aizkczxyrnìdyiptnmlernmc`dadpy`ly`neiaopixn`ck,dleraenk iryt`lmdilrdaiagìdyjezny,edlopiqpw`ljkld,elig'djxadiljinqejtàdxehw gafn z` mikpgn oi`y :odizya oerny 'xk dkld oiè.oicifn dze` egipiy ievn epiè da,dpxihwi zexpd z` eaihida xweaa(l zeny) aizkc.miaxrd oia ly.minqd zxehwa `l` adfd,`zxeàdwlcdcarce`liè.zexpdzwlcdnmyyiyxt`dondxepndzòycnykxnelk

5 `kw 121 morning [and therefore, regarding an altar which was not yet dedicated, if one did not offer the morning tamid, one may not offer the evening tamid since the altar must first be dedicated]. The table[is] only[dedicated] by the show-bread on the Sabbath, and the menorah, only by[the kindling of] the seven lamps, towards evening. (5) The High Priest's shallow pan meal-offering [which consisted of One-tenthofaneifahofthefineflour for a perpetual meal-offering; half of it mgla`nòglxdz``le,xgwlwcinza ª Ÿ drawa`n`dxfpodz``le,zaxamiprd Ÿ `l,lfcbodkiyag Ÿ Ÿ d:miaxrd oia dizfxp,mlw ofxvr ìan `N`,miivg zfà Eid oia dvgne,xwaa Ÿ dvgn aixwne,edvfge zne zixgxa dvgn aixwdw odke.miaxrd Ÿ ofxvr ivg ìai `l Ÿ,eiYgY xg` odk Ÿ EPnE `N`,oFW`x lw FpFxUr ivg `le Ÿ,FziAn,dvgn aixwne,edvfge,mlw ofxvr ìan ipwe,oiaxw miivg ipw E`vnp.ca` dvgne in lvn,xg` odk Ÿ EPn `l Ÿ,oicaF` miivg.xeav lxn,xnf` ofrnw iax.daxw dzid inthemorning,andhalfofitintheevening (Leviticus6:13)whichisbrought fromhishouse], mustnotbebroughtin[two separate] halves;rather, hemust bring onewholetenth[eifah ofthefineflour] and then divideit, offeringone halfinthemorningandonehalftowardsevening.ifthe[high]priestthatoffered thehalfinthemorningdiedandtheyappointedanotherpriestinhisstead,[the successor]maynotbringtheonehalf-tenthfromhishouse,nor[mayheuse]the remaining half-tenth of the first[high Priest], but he must bring one whole tenth and divide it, offering one half [in the evening] and leaving the other half to perish [i.e., become disqualified by remaining overnight (dpil) which is then burned].thustheresultisthattwohalvesareofferedandtwohalves[theoriginal remaininghalfofthehighpriestwhodiedandthisone]arelefttoperish.ifthey did not appoint another priest in his stead, at whose expense was it offered? RabbiShimonsays:Attheexpenseofthecommunity[theversestatesmlerwg aneternalstatute; (ibid.verse15)rabbishimonreadsmlerwg astatute inp zxehw,axra dkpgzp dxepnc oeike.miaxrd oia dxepnd jepig `nl`,`xtva owznl ira i`n.lecb odk iziag d :dpxihwi miaxrd oia zexpd z` oxd` zelrdae(my) aizkc,axra dkpgzp ixwikdmeyn,dyrzonyazagnlr(e`xwie) daaizkcmylre.meilkaìanylecbodkzgpn ivg`l:axraoexyrivgexweaaoexyrivgezianìai`ly.oi`vgzeàeid`l:oiziagdl ipye :divg `l` axw `le zny oey`xd ìady mly oexyrd on x`ypy.oey`x ly epexyr wg aizkc.xeavlyn:cnrydflyepexyrivge,znyoey`xlyepexyrivg.micae` oiivg

6 akw 122 for the mler, i.e., for the Congregation] but Rabbi Yehudah says: At the expense of the heirs;[the verse states dz`dyri eipan eizgz giynd odkde dzid dnlwe.miwxfi lxn,xnf` dcedi iax :daxw Andthepriestwhoisanointedfromamong his descendants instead of him will prepare it, (ibid.) Rabbi Yehudah reads odkd giynd eithertheanointedone,ifheisaliveandifhediedtheneipaneizgz dz`dyri oneofhischildreninhissteadshallmakeit].moreover[bothagree thatwhilenosubstitutewasyetappointedashighpriest]onewhole[tenthofan eifah] was offered[both in the morning and in the evening; the halachah follows Rabbi Yehudah]..miyxeilynxne`dcedi'x:dkyldznexznxeavlynxnelk,mlerlyn`didfwg,mler dyri eipan cg` eizgz,zny giynd odkde,rnyn ikde,eipan eizgz giynd odkde(my) aizkc,dcedi'xlmiyxeilyneòerny'xlxeavlyndàìdyonflk.daxwdziddnilye:dze` dexihwi`ly,xhwzlilkndlwitnoerny'x.oexyrivg`lemlyoexyr,daxwdziddnily,dze` dyri eipan aizkcn dl witn dcedi 'xe.xeav lyn dà ìdyk dlek `l` mi`vgl dcedi 'xkdklde.divg `ledze`dyri,miyxeidepiidceia` znyxg`laixwieipan cg`yk :dà ìd miyxei lyny