^wld husyn dw kqw smswr : ibawniaw qknik qy nzriaw

Transkrypt

1 1 ^wld husyn dw kqw smswr : ibawniaw qknik qy nzriaw jgbir ismg * ^wild husyn jmmu-ksmir dy aunhw nwmvr pmjwbi lykkw ivcon hy ijnhw ny AwpxI kqwisrjxw rwhin AjokI pmjwbi khwxi dy Kyqr ivc nvykli pcwx bxwaux dw auprwlw kiqw hy[ jmmu-ksmir dy pris`d aurdu Swier qy pmjwbi Kojkwr iprqpwl ismg byqwb dy SbdW ivc jmmu ksmir ivc jdid pmjwbi khwxi dw ieiqhws lgbg Enw hi purwxw hy ijmnw ieh purbi pmjwb ivcli nvin pmjwbi khwxi dw hy[ 1947 dy eyv gyv qon hi propysr prym ismg qy propysr syvw ismg Awid ny in`ki khwxi pmjwbi ivc ilkxi SurU kr id`qi si[ bwad ivc duji pod dy rup ivc kmvl ksmiri, gurcrn ismg gulsn, ^wild husyn, hrbjn ismg swgr, srn ismg Aqy BuipMdr ismg sudn Awid isrk`f khwxikwr ho ky au~bry hn[ ienhw ivcon ^wild husyn Aqy hrbjn ismg swgr ny ^ws qor qy Awpxy m^sus klw kosl di vjhw nwl ^wsi Suhrq hwisl kiqi[ jmmu ksmir dy ienhw prmu`k khwxikwrw ny subwvk hi Awpxy Awly duawly dy jivn Aqy XQwrQ nwl isrjxw dw srokwr joivaw ijsdy is`ty vjon iek ivsys BWq di AWcilk rmgq vwli pmjwbi khwxi hond ivc AweI[ ieh khwxi Ajoky dor ivc ivkisq ho rhi ivsv pmjwbi khwxi dw gorvmei qy Ain`KV AMg hy[ ie`qy ivsv pmjwbi khwxi qon swfi murwd aus smu`ci pmjwbi khwxi qon hy jo Bwrq-pwk srh`d dy Awr-pwr vsdy pmjwbi lykkw Aqy duniaw dy kony kony au~qy ibkry hoey prvwsi pmjwbiaw (pmjwbi fwiesporw) vlon isrji jw rhi hy[ iksy vi swihqk jw sibawcwrk prmprw ƒ ivsvi (jw globl) pirpyk ivc r`k ky vwcx di ieh nvin cyqnw Asl ivc globlweizysn di aus prikiraw dw is`tw hy ijsny komw Aqy mulkw diaw rvwieqi h`dbmdiaw ƒ iek qrhw nwl by-mwani bxw id`qw hy[ ivigawn Aqy tyknwloji dy BrpUr ivkws kwrx sucnw, smcwr Aqy AwvwjweI dy Kyqr ivc swmhxy AweI krwqi Aqy srmwey dy byrok PYlwau ny ijs nvin ivsv ivvsqw ƒ jnm id`qw hy aus dy AMqrgq mnu`ki BweIcwirAW di iek dusry au~pr AwrQk Aqy rwjniqk inrbrqw idno idn * swbkw propysr qy muki, pmjwbi ivbwg, id`li XUnIvristI, id`li[

2 2 vd rhi hy[ iesdy nwl hi smu`ci duniaw ƒ sibawcwrk vmn-suvmnqw r`kx vwly iek globl ivlyj dy rup ivc dykx di cyqnw vi pydw ho rhi hy[ 1 pr globlweizysn di ies prikiraw ny ivsvi (global) dy mukwbly qy sqwnk (local) dy mh`qv ƒ GtwieAw nhin sgon ies bwry nvin smj Aqy suj auswrn dw auprwlw kiqw hy[ ies g`l dw srboqm prgtwvw bhu-komi kwrporysnw vlon isrjy gey nwary soc globl, Aml sqwnk Think global, Act local - dy rup ivc swmhxy AwauNdw hy[ ieh nwarw AwrQk Kyqr ivc hi nhin sgon swihqk Aqy sibawcwrk Kyqr ivc vi koei G`t AihmIAq nhin r`kdw[ ies qrhw jdon AsIN ivsv pmjwbi khwxi di g`l krdy hw qw swfy swmhxy smu`ci duniaw dy kony kony au~qy PYly hoey aunhw smuh pmjwbi khwxikwrw di rcnw Aw jwdi hy ijhvy BUgoilk Aqy rwjniqk AwDwr qy vmfy hoey v`k v`k dysw, prdysw Aqy swmwijk-awrqk bxqrw ivc vsdy hoey vi mul rup ivc pmjwbi BwSw Aqy sibawcwr (sklw&q) nwl juvy hoey hn[ vmn-suvmniaw AwrQk, rwjniqk Aqy sqwnk siqqiaw ivc ivcrn vwly ienhw lykkw dw jivn-anubv hi v`ko-v`krw nhin sgon hond-muki srokwr vi v`kry ho inbvdy hn[ ivsv pmjwbi khwxi dw ieh smklp iksy iek ielwky, dys jw prdys di khwxi ƒ ausdi m`ukdwrw mmnx (Aqy hornw ƒ ausdy ADIn mmnx) dy ivcwr ƒ h`kli qor qy r`d krdw hy[ ies ilhwz nwl hr ielwky di isrjxdwrw dw Awpo Awpxw mh`qv Aqy Awpo Awpxw jlo hy ijsƒ iksy qrhw vi nkwiraw nhin jw skdw[ Asl ivc AnuBv Aqy bod di ies Anykqw Aqy vmnsuvmnqw ivc hi pmjwbi khwxi di SkqI Aqy smr`qw CupI hoei hy[ hqly prcy ivc swfw srokwr ^wild husyn dy kqw-smswr dy AiDAYn qy ivslysx nwl hy[ ies lykk dy pmjwbi ivc hux qk cwr khwxi smgrih prkwisq ho cu`ky hn qy ijhlm vgdw irhw, gori Psl dy sodwgr, fumgy pwxiaw dw du`k Aqy bldi br& dw syk [ jdon AsIN ^wild husyn diaw khwxiaw ƒ ivsv pmjwbi khwxi dy pirpyk ivc r`k ky vwcdy hw qw s`b qon pihlw ienhw khwxiaw di sqwnk rmgq swfw idawn AwkriSq krdi hy[ ies mmqv lei AsIN ausdy nv-prkwisq khwxi-smgrih bldi br& dw syk ƒ swmhxy r`kxw auicq smijaw hy[ ieh ausdiaw coxviaw khwxiaw dw smgrih hy[ ies smgrih ivc lykk diaw 40

3 3 khwxiaw Swiml hn jo kqw-qknik Aqy ivcwrdwrw, dohw p`kw, qon ^ws AihmIAq r`kdiaw hn[ ienhw khwxiaw di ivl`kxqw ieh hy ik ienhw ivc jmmu-ksmir dw kudrqi vwqwvrx, iesdw bhu-bwswei Aqy bhu-sibawcwrk mwhol, iesdi swmwijk AwrQk bxqr, iesdiaw srb-swjiaw lokdwrwei rvwieqw Aqy iesdi smkt ivc igri hoei AjokI siqqi au~gvvyn rup ivc murqimwn humdi hy[ ies qon ielwvw ienhw khwxiaw ivc sqwnk musilm BweIcwry diaw Dwrimk rhu-riqw Aqy ivsvws-prmprwvw ƒ vi ipcokv ivc rìkaw igaw hy jo ienhw dy AWcilk ikrdwr (regional character) ƒ augwvn dw vsilw bxdiaw hn[ ûd musilm BweIcwry nwl smbmidq hox sdkw ^wild husyn ies p`k ƒ vdyry nij Aqy prwmwixkqw nwl icqrdw hy[ ^wild husyn di ÛbI ieh hy ik auh isr& khwxi-rs lei khwxi di rcnw nhin krdw sgon jivn Aqy XQwrQ dw ivslysx krn vwly swrqk ibrqwq di auswri krdw hy[ ausdw mul pryrxw sroq ausdi AwpxI h`f-vrqi jw ausdw Awpxw AnuBv Aqy igawn hy jo ausny jivn diaw dusvwriaw ivcon lmgidaw hoieaw hwisl kiqw hy[ ieh h`f-vrqi ausdy mn AMdr ienswn-dosqi di AijhI joq jgw idmdi hy[ ausdy Awpxy SbdW ivc dy roilaw mgron s`q swl irpuzi kynpw ivc ruldy rhy[ mw ny bviaw musibqw nwl pwilaw... pvhwieaw, ilkwieaw qy rozgwr dy kwibl bxwieaw, pr bcpn ivc XqImI di ijhvi mwr myn shi, Es ny myƒ byh`d jzbwqi bxw id`qw[ QuV qy mihrumi dy Aihsws c pilaw ^wild husyn Awpxy lwsaur (Avcyqn) ivc izmdgi di kuivqn ƒ pwldw irhw[ smwj dy nwsur cuxdw irhw[ Awl duawly vwprdiaw GtnwvW ƒ vykdw irhw[ aunhw GtnwvW con jo kuj vi pumgiraw, auh khwxiaw rwhin quhwfy swmhxy ilawx di koiss krdw irhw[ ( khy husyn &kir swein dw bldi br& dw syk, pmnw-32) ^wild husyn iek sucyq klwkwr hy[ ausdw Awpxw klw-is`dwq Aqy jivn PlsPw hy jo ausdy ibawniaw klwm (narrative discourse) ƒ insicq idsw prdwn krdw hy[ auh AwpxI kqwkwri dy pryrxw-mw`flw ivc Soloô&, jymz iln, lwrms, mopsw, swrqr, cyô&, somrst mwam, pusikn, prym cmd, tygor, Srq cmdr, ikrsn cmdr Aqy mmto vrgy nwmvr glpkwrw ƒ igxdw hy[ ienhw dy nwl hi auh &rwief Aqy mwrks vrgy icmqkw di g`l vi

4 4 krdw hy[ ienhw glpkwrw Aqy icmqkw pwson prwpq kiqiaw AMqr-idRStIAW bwry crcw kridaw auh AwKdw hy jymz iln ny ikhw pei khwxi... iksy iek vwaky, iksy iek ikrdwr jw iksy iek jzby ƒ pys krn dw nw ey... lwrms ny d`isaw pei AijhIAW khwxiaw ilko ijs nwl ienswn dy ijnsi jzby ƒ skun imly... &rwief Brw ny ikhw ik A&swny c ijns, ienswni vjud qy n&isawq di g`l kro[... mwrks ny iekqswdi zrurqw qy kwbu pwx dy nus^y d`sy... (pmnw 35) ies qon ielwvw auh pmjwbi dy isrmor su&i drvys bwbw bu`lhy Swh ƒ Awpxw ruhwni mursd mmndw hy - jmmidaw hi myƒ myry mursd bwbw bulhy Swh ny pvhwieaw ielmon b`s krin E Xwr, ieko Al& qyry drkwr[ myrw Al& khwxi ilkidaw myƒ mjbur krdw ey pei myn AKoN vyki qy Awp vrqi khwxi ilkw[ ikaun jy myri q^lik dw ^mir smwj dy Awty nwl hi guijaw humdw ey... myn Adb brwey izmdgi dw kwiel hw, globl smwj c vwpr rhiaw GtnwvW qon muqwsr ho ky ilknw vw... Adb Awpxy zmwny dy isawsi, smwji qy swiemsi Asrwq dw jwiezw lyx dw nw ey[ myn vi AwpxIAW khwxiaw rwhin Ajoky vyly di g`l krn di koiss kiqi ey[ Awpxy mwhol dy AMdr Jwkx dw jqn kiqw ey... (pmnw 36-37) gihrei nwl dyikaw jwvy qw lykk dy ieh svy-kqn iksy iksm dy ^ud-numwei dy jzby qon pryirq nhin jwpdy[ ieh isr& ausdy kqwkwri di qknik qy nzriey bwry sucyq hox di d`s pwaundy hn[ ienhw kqnw ƒ ausdi klwqmk prwpqi dw vwhd sbuq qw BwvyN nhin mminaw jw skdw pr ienhw qon lovindi shwieqw zrur lei jw skdi hy[ ijhw ik AsIN jwxdy hw, klwkwri dw q^liki Aml isr& sucyq audysw di kwrguzwri au~qy inrbr nhin krdw[ ies ivc kdm kdm au~qy Avcyqn (lwsaur) di d^l-amdwzi vi Swiml humdi hy[ eys hwlq ivc iksy vi klw-ikrq dw shi mu`l pwaux lei ausdy sucyq audysw dy nwl nwl ausdy Avcyqn pryrxw sroqw dw ivslysx vi zruri humdw hy[ qw vi lykk dy ieh svy-kqn swƒ ausdy kqw-smswr ivc JwqI mwrn lei iek JroKw prdwn krdy hn Aqy ienhw khwxiaw di hkiki prk pvqwl dw s`dw idmdy hn[

5 5 bldi br& dw syk dy kqw-smswr ivc prvys kridaw ijhvi g`l swfw s`b qon v`d idawn ik`cdi hy auh hy iesdi AWcilk rmgq[ ienhw khwxiaw di ibawniaw BwSw, iesdw lokdwrwei muhwvrw Aqy ies ivc vrqiaw geiaw synqw Aqy AlwmqW jmmu ksmir di dy kudrqi Aqy ienswni mwhol di numwiemdgi krdiaw hn Aqy ienhw di ielwkwei rmgq ƒ aubwrdiaw hn[ imswl vjon ies smgrih ivcli pihli khwxi kuawr gmdl diaw mu`fliaw sqrw dykiaw jw skdiaw hn - klh rwq ijhvi hnyri Ju`lI, ijhvw JKV c`ilaw... ijhvi ibjli ifgi... Es dw quhwƒ pqw ey pei iks iks dw Gr aujv igaw[ nhin pqw? Blw quhwƒ ikmj pqw hovygw eyqy kox iksy di swr r`kdw ey[ ie`qy qw swry Awpxy Awpxy rmg mihlin msq rihmdy ny[ ^Yr! AwE myn quhwƒ d`sw ik klh rwq dy qu&wn ivc julwihaw di T`TI dy iks iks Gr au~qy ibjli ifgi... swein mmglw! Awho, ijhvw qwviz Dwgw dyx dw DMdw krdw si qy A`lw hu diaw PUkW mwrdw si[ auhdw qkiaw sv igaw qy auh cmfu dy suty ivc ei hmysw lei A`lw ƒ ipawrw ho igaw[ AwSW nyx dw kotw, SIdy TiTAwr di ku`li, imlki rwm di dukwn, Zulwm pwfi dw KoKw.. s`b svwh FyrI ho igaw... Aqy ibjli jwmi qrkwx dy dy mkwn qy vi ifgi[ ijsdy iek kmry ivc gulw su`qi pei si[ gu`lw... jwmi qrkwx di in`ki numh... pr ibjli ifgx nwl jwmi qrkwx dw mkwn sivaw nhin, F`Tw vi nhin... isr& eho kmrw kmibaw, ijs ivc ivci iek mmji qy gu`lw msq nindry su`qi pei si[ ikaunjy ibjli is`di gu`lw au~qy hi ifgi si... (pmnw-39-40) ienhw sqrw ivcli ibawniaw BwSw in`kiaw in`kiaw CuhW rwhin jmmu ksmir di swji rihql dw numwieaw Aks aulikdi hy[ AihmIAq vwli g`l ieh hy ik ie`qy lykk synqw Aqy AlwmqW di zubwn ivc g`l kr irhw hy[ auh hnyri, J`KV Aqy ibjli vrgy kudrqi vrqwry ƒ swmwijk Aqy nyiqk kdrw-kimqw dy ivgtn di Alwmq bxw idmdw hy[ bwhr Ju`lx vwlw ieh J`KV iek qrhw nwl ikrdwrw dy mnw ivc vi Ju`ldw hy[ ies ivcly ikrdwr, kwmnw dy prcmf vyg Aqy izawdqi dw bdlw lyx dy jzby ADIn, rihql diaw A^lwkI rvwieqw ƒ Bu`l ky irsiqaw di isawsq ƒ qrjih idmdy hn[ bdlwkori isawsq di ieh ivnwskwri Kyf aunhw dy vjud ƒ hi qihs-nihs kr idmdi hy[ ies qrhw ^wild husyn

6 6 jzibaw dy mumhzor vyg ivc ivcrdy ijaundy jwgdy ikrdwrw di rcnw krdw hy Aqy Awpxy kihx mujb, Awl-duAwly dy jivn Aqy XQwrQ nwl isrjxw dw srokwr jovdw hy[ ibawniaw BwSw dw iesy iksm dw prbwvswli (pur-asr) iesqymwl ies smgrih diaw kei hor khwxiaw ijvyn iesqhwrw vwli hvyli, hlwlw, kmdw c luki vwsnw, aufwru s`p dw fmg, TMFI kwgvi, AbwbIl dw ûawb juawr Bwtw, gori Psl dy sodwgr ivc vi swmhxy AwauNdw hy[ imswl vjon hlwlw khwxi di ibawniaw BwSw sqwnk lokdwrw dy prc`lq AKwxmuhwvirAW ƒ Asrdwr FMg nwl vrqdi hoei khwxi dy isrijq smswr ƒ vi jmmu ksmir dy AWcilk rmg ivc rmg idmdi hy[ imswl vjon kuj sqrw dykiaw jw skdiaw hn rwjw koei ruvhdi SqIrI nhin si, ijhƒ nvwb dirawen PV ilawieaw hovy[ auh qw BrvyN rukw di GxI CW ivc pli, hsdy vsdy Gr di jwei si qy mwipaw ny g`j v`j ky nvwb nwl ivawhi si... svyry jd rwjw ny nvwb ƒ cirvin A`K nwl vyikaw qw Ehdw qn mn bol ipaw si pei eys im`ti dy Blvwn diaw l`qw ryq diaw ny[ auhny nvwb ƒ mn ei mn ivc qwanw mwiraw... BrI jvwni mwjw if`lw [ pr nvwb vi ki krdw[ auh s`jrw ibhw ieko ijhw si[... (pmnw 55-56) iesy iksm di mhwvrydwr boli diaw kuj idlsp imswlw hor ijhvw rn piqawaundw soeie au~qry pwr miaw qw mr igaw AweI nwl pr bivi ikaun mry rzwei nwl ijhdi bukl ivc gihxw Ehny BuìKAW ikaun rihxw ies khwxi di ÛbI ieh hy ik ieh ijnsi irsiqaw di nmgi mnoivigawnk hkikq ƒ ibawn krn lei AKwx-muhwvirAW ƒ auhly vjon iesqymwl krdi hy[ iezhwr di ieh smjm-brpur jugq khwxi dy ivsygq prbwv ƒ vi iqkyrw krdi hy[ ies qon ielwvw ies khwxi dy isrijq smswr ivc ieslwmi SrHw dy AMqrgq mrd-aorq irsiqaw dw smcwln krn vwli inkwh Aqy qlwk di prqw bwry vi jwxkwri imldi hy[ isr& jwxkwri hi nhin, sgon iesdy swmwijk Aqy nyiqk p`k nwl juvy msilaw di soji vi prwpq humdi hy[ iqmn vwri qlwk, qlwk, qlwk AwKx nwl inkwh qw tu`t jwdw hy pr dubwrw inkwh krwauxw iemnw sokw

7 7 nhin[ SrHw dy nym Anuswr aus qlwksudw AOrq nwl ausdw EhI ^wvmd dubwrw inkwh nhin krw skdw[ iesqon pihlw hlwlw di rsm krni zruri hy[ iesdw ArQ ieh hy ik auh AOrq pihlw iksy hor nwl inkwh krwey Aqy Pyr aus dusry ^wvmd pwson qlwk ly ky Awpxy pihly ^wvmd nwl inkwh krwey[ ^wild husyn diaw ienhw khwxiaw di iek hor ivsysqw ivsygq srokwrw di vmnsuvmnqw hy[ auh AwpxI kqwkwri rwhin ienswni vjud dy AnykW p`kw Aqy pihluaw ƒ smboidq humdw hy[ ienhw ivc ivakqigq pivw vi hy Aqy lokwei dw du`k-drd vi[ s`b qon pihlw ies pusqk dw isrlyk - bldi br& dw syk - swfw idawn AwkriSq krdw hy[ Asl ivc ieh ies smgrih di s`b qon Aihm khwxi vi hy Aqy iesdy kqw-smswr ivcli iek mwani^yz Alwmq (prqik) vi[ ieh Alwmq ies ivcly ikrdwrw Aqy aunhw di hxwqi dy lukvyn pryrxw sroqw di qrjmwni krdi hy[ ies ivcly ieh ikrdwr ikdry muawsry diaw dmnkwri riqw Aqy nzwm diaw vdikiaw dy iskwr humdy hn Aqy ikdry globl isawsq diaw SqrMjI cwlw Aqy imlitynsi di dihsq dw smqwp Bogdy hn[ aunhw di siqqi bldi br& vrgi hy jo aupron qw TMFI X`^ idkwei idmdi hy pr ausdy Dur-AMdr ikdry A`g dw syk CuipAw hoieaw hy[ ^wild husyn ies Alwmq dy mwidam rwhin jmmu ksmir di Awm lokwei dy smkt Aqy smqwp ƒ zubwn idmdw hy[ auh dihsq Aqy dmn di A`g sykx vwly Avwm dy Avcyqn ivc luky ienswn-dosqi Aqy Amn dy sdivi supny di bwq pwaundw hy[ br& di A`g khwxi ksmir ƒ ruhwni syd dyx vwliaw AijhIAW hsqiaw duawly GuMmdI hy jo ie`qon dy smuh BweIcwirAW - ihmduaw muslmwnw Aqy is`kw - lei ieko ijhi iez`q Aqy Aihqrwm dy klfibl hn[ ies khwxi dw mu`k-pwqr 14vIN sdi dw pris`d su&i Swier qy &kir Sy^ nur a-din vli hy ijsƒ numd irsi vi AwiKAw jwdw hy[ iesy qrhw hi ies ivc ie`qon di iek hor mshur su&i Swierw l`l dy~d jw llysvri dyvi dw hvwlw vi imlkdw hy[ lykk ny ksmir nwl smbmidq ienhw ieiqhwsk Aqy imiqhwsk ibmbw ƒ vrqmwn ivc punr-isrijq kridaw AjokI siqqi dw ivslysx krn dw auprwlw kiqw hy[ ies khwxi dw isrijq prvcn (ibawniaw klwm) jmmu Aqy ksmir pur-amn mwhol ivc i&rku n&rq di zihr Golx vwliaw dwnvi qwkqw di inswndyhi krn dy nwl nwl dihsq Aqy

8 8 dmn dy ipcokv ivc kmm kr rhi sovi isawsq ƒ vi augwvdw hy[ auh im`q Aqy ieiqhws dy hvwly nwl ksmiri Avwm dy lwsaur ivc vsy hoey swj Aqy rvwdwri dy ienhw ibmbw ƒ nvyn isiren jgwauxw locdw hy[ imswl vjon ies khwxi diaw kuj sqrw pys hn sqisr dw qwjdwr numd irsi ruhwniaq dw prcm cu`ki lokw ƒ mu^wqb si[ qusin AwpxI rihql ƒ Bu`l cu`ky so[ qusw n&rq Aqy hsd dw colw pw ilaw si[ quhwfiaw ruhw ƒ lwlc, qmhw, qk`br qy hmkwr dw rog l`g igaw si[... qusin ikvyn qwkq qy dihsq di kuiv`ki ivc kyd ho ge[ qusin ikaun zulm A`gy isjdy kr id`qy[ pr hux quhwfy idlw qy idmwgw qon ADrmI pwkmfiaw dy jwdu dw nsw au~qr cuikaw ey[ qusw cokiaw musibqw vyk leiaw ny[ moq dw qwfv vyk ilaw ey[... qusw qwkq Aqy dihsq dy dy swmrwj ƒ r`d kr id`qw ey[ ies lei c`lo A`gy vdo[... khwxi dy glp-smswr ivc ies pwqr dy muhon AKvwey gey ieh bol ksmiri Avwm di qrjmwni krdy hn jo dihsq Aqy dmn dy kwly dor dy AMq di aufik ivc hy[ iesy qrhw hi ies smgrih diaw kuj hor khwxiaw - idl diaw g`lw, vyri, drd ivcovy dw hwl Aqy pwxi diaw likw Awpo Awpxy AMdwz nwl ksmir di smkwli smkt-siqqi ƒ smboidq humdiaw hn[ ienhw ivc vi lykk ny ksmir di sdiaw purwxi srb-swji ivrwsq ƒ hi ipcokv ivc r`ikaw hy[ Ajoky dor ivc swdwrx mnu`kw diaw lovw-qovw Aqy qmgiaw qursiaw ƒ icqrnw Aqy aunhw di hxwqi ƒ hluxw dyx vwly jzibaw di mumh-boldi qsvir pys krnw ies lykk dy ivsygq srokwrw dw iek hor Aihm pihlu hy[ auh ienhw siqqiaw Aqy jzibaw ƒ v`k-v`k ikrdwrw dy mwidam rwhin pys krdw hy[ ikdry koei drdmmd ikrdwr AiqRpq kwmnwvw dy fumgy pwxiaw dw du`k jrn vwli iksy audws AOrq ƒ supinaw dw hluxw dyx lei byqwb humdw hy[ ies smgrih ivcli khwxi fumgy pwxiaw dw du`k iesy iksm di AOrq di siqqi Aqy mwniskqw ƒ ProldI hy[ jzbwqi skxypn Aqy in`ji du`kwq di siqqi ivcon lmgx vwli ieh AOrq isl-p`qr hoei Gor audwsi ivc Zrk ho jwdi hy[ ausdw im`qr swqi audwsi dy fumgy pwxiaw ivc fu`bi hoei ies p`qr di murqi ƒ ijaundi jwgdi AOrq bxwauxw locdw hy[ auh

9 9 ausdy qn mn AMdr kwmnw Aqy muh`bq di joq jgwaux di AsPl koiss krdw hy Aqy Q`k hwr ky byt jwdw hy[ ikdry koei bwzmir ikrdwr mwsum AOrqW dw blwqkwr krn vwly zorwvrw diaw vdikiaw dy i^lw& iensw& di Awvwz bulmd krdw hy[ KUMjy ruldw s`c khwxi iesy siqqi ƒ murqimwn krdi hy[ AnoKI qknik Anuswr ilki hoei ieh khwxi Awpxy ibrqwq ƒ toitaw ivc pys krdi hy[ pihlw Aqy dujw totw hvyli vwly mumfy Aw&qwb - vlon idn idhwvy iek AlHV muitawr miram - di p`q lutx di Gtnw ibawn krdw hy[ ies qon mgron bsqi vwilaw dy hvyli vwilaw dy i^lw& lwmbmd hox Aqy Qwxy rpt ilkvwaux Aqy puils vwilaw di q&qis nwl smbmd r`kdw hy[ Pyr qijw totw sysn - j`j &wruk di kcihri dw idrs isrjdw hy[ kwƒni dwa-pycw Aqy AKOqI muhqbr bmidaw di d^lmdwzi kwrx mulzm bri ho jwdw hy pr blwqkwr di iskwr mwsum kuvi dw s`c j`j di zmir ƒ JMjoVw dy jwdw hy[ bhuq vwri ienhw khwxiaw dy ikrdwr msnuei zbq Aqy zubwn-bmdi dw Gyrw qov ky bldi br& dy syk vwg lwvw bx Pu`t pyndy hn[ pr muawsry qon bzwvq krn vwli ieh bzwvq hmysw auswru nhin humdi[ iesqhwrw vwli hvyli Aqy byfy di lmkw ivcly ikrdwrw vwg ieh bzwvq BWj dw rsqw vi A^iqAwr kr lyndi hy Aqy bdnwmi di dldl ivc Ps jwdi hy[ ^wild husyn ienhw ikrdwrw dy s`c dw vi pur-asr FMg nwl iezhwr krdw hy[ auh ienhw mn&i ikrdwrw dy AwrQk mnoivigawnk kwrxw ƒ Proldw hoieaw ienhw dy pqn dw jwiezw lyndw hy[ imswl vjon iesqhwrw vwli hvyli imsqri Akrwm KoKr Aqy ausdy DIAW-pu`qrW dw pirvwrk ibrqwq isrjdi hy[ jvwni di muhwt t`pidaw hi imsqri Akrwm KoKr dy dovyn pu`qr iekrwm KoKr qy ienwm KoKr pmjo AYbI sul`kxy inkly Aqy hvyli au~qy bdnwmi dy iesiqhwr lgxy SurU ho jwdy hn[ is`tw pirvwrk jivn dw ivg`tn[ ies qrhw ieh khwxi ivibmn ikrdwrw dy pqn di dwsqwn ibawn krdi hy[ iehi hwl mmdhwli ivc igry hoey ies pirvwr diaw DIAW dw humdw hy[ iesy qrhw byfy di lmkw iek bsqi ivc rihx vwly aunhw ikrdwrw dw ibrqwq auswrdi hy ijhvy AwrQk QuVW dy JMby

10 10 hoey SrwbI, kbwbi Aqy juawriey bx jwdy hn Aqy jw Pyr ijsm-&rosi dy DMdy ivc Ps jwdy hn[ ienhw khwxiaw ivc qnz di jugq ƒ vi bhuq ^us-aslubi nwl inbwieaw igaw hy[ smu`cy qor qy AwiKAw jw skdw hy ik ^wild husyn jmmu ksmir dy aunhw au~gy pmjwbi lykkw ivcon hy ijnhw ny AwpxI dwsqwngoei rwhin ie`qon dy jivn Aqy XQwrQ nwl isrjxw dw srokwr joivaw hy[ auh AwpxI nvykli kqw-syli Aqy ibawniaw klwm rwhin jmmu ksmir dy bhu-bwswei ikrdwr Aqy bhu-sibawcwrk mwhol dw prwmwixk ibmb (akls) auswrn vl ruicq humdw hy[ synqw Aqy AlwmqW di zubwn ivc g`l kridaw auh Awpxy ikrdwrw dy AMqr-mn ivc Jwkx dw auprwlw krdw hy Aqy mnu`ki jzibaw Aqy irsiqaw di lukvin isawsq ƒ aujwgr krdw hy[ ies qon ielwvw auh muawsry, nzwm Aqy globl isawsq h`qon pivq lokwei dy du`k-drd ƒ vi zubwn idmdw hy[ ausdw AdbI-nzrIAw klw brwey izmdgi Aqy jivn-plspw ienswn-dosqi qy Amn dw p`k purdw hy[ ies qrhw bldi br& dw syk khwxi-smgrih inscy hi ^wild husyn di iek crcwxog prwpqi mmni jw skdi hy, ijsdw svwgq krnw bxdw hy[ Endnotes 1 Globalization refers to increasing global connectivity, integration and interdependence in the economic, social, technological, cultural, political, and ecological spheres. Globalization is an umbrella term and is perhaps best understood as a unitary process inclusive of many subprocesses (such as enhanced economic interdependence, increased cultural influence, rapid advances of information technology, and novel governance and geopolitical challenges) that are increasingly binding people and the biosphere more tightly into one global system. (Wikipedia Free encyclopedia)