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Renata Czerwińska
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1 bmgwl di ikswn bzwvq Aqy kwnu swinawl -jsvir smr dys di AwzwdI qon do dhwky bwad bmgwl ivc ikswnw dy ivdroh Aqy ipr ies ivdroh nmu ienklwb dy rwh qorn vwli iq`kvi dw Aw^rI Swhsvwr kwnu (ikrsn kumwr) swinawl vi Aw^rI Alivdw AwK igaw[ ies iq`kvi dw mu`k lifr cwru mojumdwr 28 julwei 1972 nmu pulis ihrwsq ivc &Oq ho igaw si Aqy lok lifr jmgl smqwl 1981 ivc sdw sdw lei qur igaw si[ ies iq`kvi, ienhw dy smgi-swqiaw Aqy ienhw nwl juviaw smgqw ny audon dys dy isawsi ipv ivc Aijhw v`f mwiraw ijs di gumj A`j vi suxwei dy rhi hy[ cwru, kwnu Aqy jmgl dw nw nkslbwvi di ikswn bzwvq nwl fmugw juivaw hoieaw hy[ iqmnw ivcon mukwblqn v`d crcw cwru di hoei[ kwnu swinawl, cwru mojumdwr dy Asr Q`ly hi si.pi.awei. ivc Swml hoieaw si[ jdon auh isliguvi di Adwlq ivc bqor klrk kmm krdw si qw mu`k mmqri bi.si. rwey nmu kwlw JMfw idkwaux dy dos ivc aus nmu jlpweiguvi jylh AMdr f`ikaw igaw si[ au~qy aus di mulwkwq cwru mojumdwr nwl hoei jo audon si pi.awei. di izlhw kmyti dw mynbr si[ irhwei qon bwad kwnu vi si.pi.awei. ivc Swml ho igaw Aqy 1964 ivc pwrti ivc Pu`t qon bwad auh si pi.awei. (AY~m.) nwl KiVHAw[ nkslbwvi dy ielwky ivc ikswnw ivc roh dy BWbV bwlx vwilaw ivc mohri kwnu Aqy jmgl sn[ ieh bzwvq Acwnk kuj idnw ivc pydw nhin si hoei ijs qrhw Aksr pys kiqw jwdw hy[ kwnu di sqmbr 1968 nmu ilki irport Awn d pizynts muvmynt ien d qrwei rijn (qrwei Kyqr ivc ikswn GoL bwry irport) Aqy ipr AprYl 1973 ivc ilki mor Awn nkslbwvi (nkslbwvi bwry kuj hor q`q) ivc ies ikswn bzwvq dw ieiqhws Aqy ipcokv smoieaw ipaw hy[ ies diaw jvhw 1946 q`k psriaw hoeiaw hn[ ies bzwvq nmu smjx 1

2 lei qybwgw (bmgwl) Aqy iqlmgwnw (AWDrw prdys) dy hiqawr GoLW nmu vi idawn ivc r`kxw pvygw[ ieiqhws ivc ies bzwvq di SurUAwq dw idn 25 mei 1967 mminaw jwdw hy ijs idn pulis ny 11 lokw nmu mwr su`itaw si[ ienhw ivc 8 AOrqW Aqy 2 b`cy Swml sn[ iek b`cw isr& 6 mhiny dw si ijhvw AwpxI mw di godi ivc hi qv&dw dm qov igaw[ aunj kwnu bzwvq di SurUAwq dw idn 24 mei mmndw hy[ ies idn pulis puri iqawri nwl ipmf boro-joro joq ivc pu`ji[ iehdi suh si ik ies ipmf ivc ienklwbiaw di smu`ci lifrisp pu`j rhi hy pr au~qy qw Awm ikswnw dw iek`t si[ iesy dorwn AwidvwsIAW dy qir nwl iek pulis mulwzm mwiraw igaw[ dujy idn pulis ny ipmf prswd joq ivc lokw dy iek`t au~qy AMDwDuMd goli clw id`qi Aqy igawrw jxy mwry gey[ ies qon bwad nkslbwvi ielwky ivc juj rhy ienhw ienklwbiaw Aqy s`qwdwri si.pi.ay~m. ivckwr pwvw vddw igaw[ mgron ienhw ienklwbiaw ny lwmbmdi krky Awl iemfiaw koawrfinysn kmyti Aw& d kimauinst ryvoilausnriz (ey.awei.si.si.si.awr.) bxw lei[ bmgwl, pmjwb, ibhwr, AWDrw prdys, au~qr prdys, kyrl, Awswm, auvisw Aqy jmmu ksmir dy nojvwnw ny ies kmyti lei BrvW humgwrw BirAw Aqy si.pi.ay~m. ivclw ienklwbi ih`sw ies kmyti ADIn lwmbmd hox l`g ipaw[ ies kmyti dw hokw Aqy ticw cox isawsq C`f ky hiqawrbmd GoL rwhin ienklwb v`l vdxw si[ swl 1969 ivc 22 AprYl nmu lyinn dy jnm idn moky klk`qw ivc v`fi ryli dorwn ey.awei.si.si.si.awr. nmu si.pi.awei. (AY~m.AY~L) ivc bdlx dw AYlwn kr id`qw igaw[ ieh nvin kimauinst pwrti bxwaux dw AYlwn kwnu swinawl ny kiqw si[ 1967 cvhidaw hi au~ti nkslbwvi dy ikswnw di ieh bzwvq CyqI hi isawsi ru^ A^iqAwr kr gei[ jun 1967 ivc cin dy pyieicmg ryfie Aqy piplz fyli A^bwr ny ies bzwvq nmu Bwrq ivc bsmqi gvhkw AwiKAw[ kwnu sqmbr 1967 ivc cin vi igaw Aqy au~qy 2

3 cini kimauinst pwrti dy lifr mwe nmu imilaw[ nkslbwvi ivc BwvyN mu`k kmm kwnu Aqy jmgl smqwl dw si pr lifr vjon cwru isr k`f igaw hwlwik cwru di srgrmi dw Kyqr ieslwmpur ielky ivc si[ aunj GoiKAw jwvy qw ienhw lifrw di lwein ivc &rk prq`k si[ ieslwmpur ivc ijhvi srgrmi hoei, aus dw AwDwr cwru dy pihly Cy auh dsqwvyz sn ijhvy bwad ivc do hor dsqwvyz juvn kwrn cwru dy A`T dsqwvyzw vjon mshur hoey[ ieslwmpur ivc isawsi ipv bmnhx di QW mu`k srgrmi gurilw j`iqaw rwhin KwVkU kwrvweiaw ho rhiaw sn[ dujy bmny nkslbwvi ivc mws lwein mu`k si Aqy ies mws lwein nmu nwlo nwl, lov muqwbk hiqawrbmd h`ly di pu`t cwvhi jw rhi si[ kwnu dw AYlwn si ik ieh lvwei hux zmin lei nhin si rih gei, hux g`l s`qw hwsl krn v`l muv k`t cu`ki hy[ qy s`cmu`c g`l zmin di nw rhi[ g`l s`qw Kohx v`l muv gei Aqy idnw mhiinaw ivc ieh g`l dys dy kony kony ivc hox l`g pei[ dys dw nojvwn qbkw ijhvw 1947 ivc AMgryzW dy dys C`fx ip`con AwzwdI dy nwlo nwl jvwn hoieaw si, Xu`g pltwaux ivc msru& ho igaw[ nojvwnw dy ies ienklwbi h`ly ny isawsq ivc kei rwh KolHy Aqy lokw nmu nvyn ivcwrw nwl mwlwmwl kiqw[ nojvwnw di ies lihr dorwn iqmn v`fy niqigq/rxniqk &Ysly kiqy gey ijs ny dys di isawsq nmu bhuq zrb id`qi[ ienhw dw Asr A`j vi isawsq dy ipv ivc bwkubi dyikaw jw skdw hy[ pihlw si, coxw rwhi mu`fon-su`fon qbdili smbv nhin[ A`j cox FWcy ivc ijs FMg diaw bdkwriaw Aw geiaw hn, aus prsmg ivc ies nukqy nmu GoKx di bvi AihmIAq hy[ dujw, smwj dw ivslysx si[ ikhw igaw ik BwrqI qwxw-bwxw ArD-jgIrU ArD-bsqIvwdI hy[ iek vwr ipr A`j dy hwlwq qy nzr mwriey qw l`bdw hy ik iek pwsy bhu-komi kmpniaw rwhin nvin qrz dw bsqivwd BwrU py irhw hy Aqy nwl hi hirawxw vrgy suby ivc jgiru DONs dw prgtwvw Kwp pmcwieqw rwhi ho irhw hy[ qijw dys di srmweydwri nmu swmrwjvwd di dlwl imqxw si[ dys di s`qwdwri srmweydwr jmwq ijs FMg nwl swmrwjvwd nmu gly lw rhi hy Aqy 3

4 Awpxy lokw dy gly v`f rhi hy, aus qon zwihr hi hy ik ieh ivslysx ikmnw s`cw si[ kwnu ny cwru di jmwqi s&wey vwli lwein dw iq`kw ivrod kiqw[ Agsq 1970 ivc aus nmu izr&qwr kr ilaw igaw[ aus au~qy AWDrw prdys Aqy avisw dy DnwF ikswnw i^lw& lwmbmdi krn dw kys bxwieaw jo pwrbqipurm swizs kys vjon cricq hoeaw[ iesy kys qihq auh 7 swl ivswkwptnm di jylh ivc bmd irhw[ iesy dorwn pwrti ivc qkrwr vi vidaw[ julwei 1972 ivc cwru di pulis ihrwsq ivc moq qon bwad lihr ikmfx l`g pei[ AYnIAW pwrtiaw bx geiaw ik igxqi musikl ho gei[ swl 1977 ivc irhwa hox qon bwad kwnu ny AwrgynweIijMg kmyti Aw& kimauinst ryvoilausnri (E.sI.sI.Awr.) bxwei jo 1985 ivc pmj DiVAW di eykqw ip`con kimauinst AwrgynweIjySn Aw& iemfiaw (AY~m.AY~L) bx gei[ ipr 2003 ivc cwr AY~m.AY~L. gru`pw dy rlyvyn ip`con ies dw nw si.pi.awei. (AY~m.AY~L)-XUintI ienisieyitv r`k id`qw igaw[ 2005 ivc ci. rwmcmdrn di si.pi.awei. (AY~m.AY~L)-rY~f PlYg nwl eykqw qon bwad pwrti dw nw si.pi.awei. (AY~m.AY~L) prcwiraw igaw[ ipcly swl ieh eykqw tu`t gei [ moq vyly auh si.pi.awei. (AY~m.AY~L) dy jnrl sk`qr sn[ ipcly swl dsmbr ivc kolkwqw ivky hoei pwrti kwgrs dorwn aus nmu muv jnrl sk`qr cuixaw igaw si[ auh AwpxI izmdgi dy Aw^rI lmhy q`k srgrm rhy[ isliguvi dy ryl stysn au~qy id`li jw rhi g`fi rwjdwni AYkspRY~s f`kx dy dos ivc aus nmu izr&qwr kr ilaw igaw si[ aus ny nmdigrwm Aqy ismgur ivc si pi.awei. (AY~m.) diaw niqiaw dw iq`kw ivrod kiqw[ kwnu di moq i&lhwl rh`s bx gei hy[ auhdy ipmf hqigisw ivc 23 mwrc di dupihr nmu aus di dyh p`ky nwl ltkdi imli si[ pwrti dy AwgUAW muqwbk kwnu iemnw ibmwr si ik iek kdm qurn lei vi shwry di lov pyndi si[ iemny ibmwr bmdy dw p`ky nwl ltkxw 4

5 nwmumikn hy[ nwly auhdy pyr qw zmin nwl l`gy hoey sn[ ^Yr...AYqkIN 23 mwrc dw idn pihly swlw nwlon hor vi bojl ho igaw[ pmjwbiaw lei 23 mwrc dy ArQ smu`cy dys nwlon v`kry hn[ 79 vrhy pihlw AMgryz SwskW ny pmjwb dy do zhin pu`qw-bgq ismg qy sukdyv Aqy mhwrwstr dy jujwru nojvwn rwjguru nmu isawsi ipv ivc AwpxI g`l Tok vjw ky kihx dy jurm ivc &WsI au~qy ltkw id`qw si[ 23 mwrc di hi g`l kriey qw iesy idn 1988vyN swl ivc pmjwb dy buinawdprsqw ny zhin pmjwbi Swier pws nmu mwr id`qw si[ dohw mwmilaw ivc mslw bolx dw bixaw si[ ijs qrhw s`qw au~qy kmufl mwri byty AMgryz SwskW nmu Bgq ismg qy swqiaw di llkwr svikwr nhin si, ausy qrhw pmjwb dy buinawdprsqw nmu vi ivrod di Awvwz svikwr nhin si[ auh Awpxw ivrsw Bulw byty sn ik bwby nwnk ny ivrodiaw nwl gostw rcwaux di iprq pwei si[ kwnu swinawl ijs ny Awpxy ipmf hqigisw ivc k`cy Gr ijhvw auhdi pwrti dw hy~fkuawrtr vi si, ivc Aw^rI swh ilaw pr auhny cmgyri izmdgi lei lvwei lvidaw pyvw pweiaw Aqy auhdy smgi-swqi Aqy smgq mqbydw dy bwvjud ienhw pyvw au~qy c`l rhi hy[ *** 5

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