POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK MUZEUM I INSTYTUT ZOOLOGII. Tom 38 W arszawa, 30X Nr 19. Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of the canopy layer in pine forests*

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1 POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK MUZEUM I INSTYTUT ZOOLOGII FRAGMENTA FAUNISTICA Tom 38 W arszawa, 30X Nr 19 W iesława C z e c h o w s k a Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of the canopy layer in pine forests* A bstract. The study w as carried o ut in the years in Puszcza Białowieska, Puszcza Biała an d Bory Tucholskie in m oist pine forest stan d s representing three age classes: 15-20, and y ears old. 14 Coccinellidae species were registered, Scym nus suturalis Thbg. and Myrrha octodecim guttata (L.) being m ost ab u n d an t. INTRODUCTION B esides Curculionidae, Coccinellidae are the m ost ab u n d a n t group of beetles in the canopy layer entom ofauna of pine forests ( H ó r e g o t t 1960, W i n i a r s k a, C h o l e w i c k a 1990). The m ost complete d ata on Coccinellidae inhabiting th is h a b ita t concern young pine stan d s, while m uch less is know n about the Coccinellidae fau n a of older stan d s, which is due to technical difficulties in sam pling. S tudies of species richness and the quantitative stru c tu re of Coccinellidae com m unities in young sta n d s have been carried out by B ie l a w s k i (1961) and K l a u s n i t z e r (1965, 1967). In addition, B i e l a w s k i s paper contains an in-depth analysis of seasonal qualitative and quantitative changes in com m unities inhabiting young stands. G u m o ś and W iś n ie w s k i (1960) provide a com parative an aly sis of species com position and num erical relations in Coccinellidae co m m u n ities in young sta n d s and pole wood (about 40-year-old trees). Inform ation about Coccinellidae living in canopies of old pines can be found in H ó r e g o t t (1960), K l a u s n i t z e r (1968) and C z e c h o w s k a (1994). Moreover, certain observations about the occurrence of certain ladybird species in sta n d s of pine are contained in papers by K o e h l e r (1957, 1961). The m aterial w as collected w ithin the framework of the research problem CBPP

2 380 W. C zechow ska T he aim of th e th is p a p e r is to p re se n t th e species com position, a b u n d a n c e a n d s tr u c tu r e of Coccinellidae com m unities of tree canopies in m o ist pine s ta n d s of th re e age c la sse s (young, m edium age a n d m a tu re stan d s) a n d to investigate c h a n g e s o ccu rrin g in th ese com m unities. TIME AND AREA OF STUDY T he stu d y w as con d u cted in th e y e a rs in P u szcza B iałow ieska (H ajnów ka fo re st in sp e c to ra te ), P uszcza B iała (O strów M azow iecka forest inspectorate) a n d Bory T ucholskie (Osie forest inspectorate). P uszcza B iałow ieska is s itu a te d in th e elevated a re a of W ysoczyzna B ielska, P u szcza B iała lies in th e M azovian Lowland a n d Bory T ucholskie is located in th e a re a of S o u th e rn P o m eran ian Lakeland. In te rm s of phytosociology, m oist pine forests belong to th e Dicrano-Pinion a sso c ia tio n w here the pine [Pinus silvestris) is th e sta n d -fo rm in g species. The wide geographical d istrib u tio n of th ese forests h a s re su lte d in th e ir floristic diversity a s se en in slightly differing species com position of th e h e rb layer, u n d e rg ro w th a n d tree additions. B asically, two varieties of th is a sso c ia tio n type c a n be fo u n d in Poland: the suboceanic m oist pine forest (Leucobryo-Pinetum) a n d th e su b c o n tin e n ta l m o ist pine forest (Peucedano-Pinetum ). R egional varieties c a n a lso be s e e n w ith in th e s e two b a s ic ty p e s ( T r a m p l e r et a l. 1987, M a t u s z k i e w i c z 1987). The following is a brief description of th e m o ist pine fo re sts stu d ie d. A m ore detailed description is provided in th e in tro d u c to ry p a p e r ( M a t u s z k i e w i c z et al. 1993). P u szcza B iałow ieska. The su b b o real variety of the s u b c o n tin e n ta l m oist pine forest (Peucedano-Pinetum) w ith c o n sta n t p resence of s p ru c e (Picea excelsa) in th e u n d erg ro w th a n d the tree layer. D eciduous tre e s found th ere include: birch [Betula verrucosa) a s well a s oak (Q uercus robur) a n d h o rn b e a m (C arpinus b etu lu s) o ccu rrin g sporadically in th e undergrow th. P u szcza Biała. The s a rm a tia n variety of the s u b c o n tin e n ta l m o ist pine fo rest (Peucedano-Pinetum ) ch aracterized by a considerable p ro p o rtio n of ju n ip e r (Ju n ip eru s com m unis) in the undergrow th. The birch, a n d sp o rad ically sp ru ce, w ere a d d itio n al species in the tree layer. B o ry T u c h o lsk ie. A s u b o c e a n ic m o ist p in e fo re st (Leucobryo-Pinetum ) com posed alm o st entirely of hom ogeneous pine forest s ta n d s w ith only a slig h t p ro p o rtio n of birch. In th e coniferous com plexes stu d ied, sam pling w as done in s ta n d s of th re e age classes: y o ung (15-20 y ears old), m edium age (40-60 y e a rs old) a n d m a tu re ( ) sta n d s. MATERIAL a n d m e t h o d s T he in se c ts were c a u g h t into yellow bowls (Moericke s trap s) ( M o e r i c k e 1950, 1981) h u n g in canopies of pines. T hree plots w ere selected in s ta n d s of each age group, a n d 5 tra p s w ere h u n g w ithin each p lo t (1 B ańkow ska, G a rb a rc z y k

3 Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) 381 tra p per tree). The insects were collected once a fortnight from April to the end of October. The catches yielded a total of 3807 im agines of Coccinellidae, 1841 of w hich were caught in the young stands, 1241 in m edium age sta n d s and 1085 in m atu re stands. T he following n um bers of specim ens were caught in each of the forest areas: Puszcza Białowieska , Bory Tucholskie and Puszcza Biała T he abundance of Coccinellidae in pine canopies w as determ ined on the b asis of th e num b er of individuals caught into one bowl during a 2 4 -h o u rs period. T he degree of fau n istical sim ilarity of Coccinellidae com m unities w as calculated according to S o r e n s e n s form ula (1948), while M orisita s form ula m odified by H o r n (1966) w as used for calculating the degree of sim ilarity of dom inance stru ctu res. T he tax a w ere determ ined according to B i e l a w s k i s key (1959) u sin g nom enclature m odifications by K l a u s n i t z e r and K l a u s n i t z e r (1979). RESULTS The total m aterial collected contained 14 species of ladybirds. All the species were observed in Puszcza Białowieska, while the sam pling in Puszcza Biała yielded 11 species, com pared to 10 registered in Bory T ucholskie (Table I). Table I. A bundance (n) and proportion (%) of particular species of Coccinellidae in canopies of m oist pine forests (general d ata for the forest complexes studied; + - n < 0.001) No -~---> ^Forest complex Puszcza Białowieska Puszcza Biała Bory T ucholskie Species n % n % n % 1 Scym nus haemorrhoidalis H e r b s t Scym nus suturalis T h u n b Scym nus nigrinus K u g e l Exochomus quadripustulatus (L.) A phidecta obliterata (L.) Adcdia conglomerata (L.) A dalia decem punctata (L.) Coccinella septem punctata (L.) Harmonia quadripunctata (Pont.) Myrrha octodecim punctata (L.) Caluia decem guttata (L.) Calvia quatuordecim punctata (L.) M ysia oblongoguttata (L.) A natis ocellata (L.) Total N um ber of species Fragm enta Faustinica

4 3 82 W. Czechowska Table II. A bundance (n) and proportion (%) of particular species of Coccinellidae No Species Forest complex; age stands Puszcza Białowieska Puszcza Young Medium age M ature Young Medium n % n % n % n % n 1 Scymnus haemorrhoidalis Scymnus suturalis Scymnus nigrinus Exochomus quadripustulatus Aphidecta oblitenata Adalia conglomerata Adalia decempunctata Coccinella septempunctata Harmonia quadripunctata Myrrha octodecimpunctata Calvia decemguttata Calvia quatuordecimpunctata Mysia oblongoguttata Anatis ocellata Total Number of species The following species were com m on to the forest complexes studied: Scym nus suturalis, Exochomus quadripustulatus, Coccinella septem punctata, Harm onia quadripunctata, Myrrha octodecimguttata, Calvia quatuordecimpunctata, M ysia oblongoguttata an d A natis ocellata. The above species were m ost c o n stan t and m ost a b u n d a n t am ong the ladybirds occurring in pine canopies. The resu lts also generally reveal a high degree of stru c tu ra l sim ilarity of Coccinellidae com m unities in the three forest complexes, b u t certain differences can also be seen. The following is a description of Coccinellidae com m unities in the m oist pine forest sta n d s studied. Young stands A total of 12 Coccinellidae species were registered in this group (Table II), the figures ranging from 8 to 12 species in a stand. The sim ilarity of these fau n a s ranged betw een 80% and 91% (Table III).

5 Coccinellidae ( Coleoptera) 383 in canopies of m oist pine forests (data for the particular age stan d s studied; + - n < 0.001) Biała Bory Tucholskie Mean age M ature Young Medium age M ature Young Medium age M ature % n % n % n % n % n % n % n % The m ean value of the Coccinellidae abundance index in young sta n d s equalled 0.093, the figures for a particular stan d ranging from to (Table II). The following species had the greatest sh ares in the m aterial from young stands: Scym nus suturcdis (62.3%), Myrrha octodecimguttata (10.8%) and Coccinella septem punctata (8.6%). The young sta n d Coccinellidae com m unities in the a re a s stu d ie d were ch aracterized by high sim ilarity of th eir q uantitativ e stru c tu re s. A com m on featu re w as the p redom inance of S. suturalis over th e o th er species. C ertain differences could be seen in the su b d o m in an t group. In P uszcza B iałow ieska th e se positions were occupied by M yrrha octodecim guttata an d Coccinella septem punctata: in P u sz c z a B iała - by Coccinella sep tem p u n cta ta a n d H arm onia quadripunctata, an d in Boxy Tucholskie - by Coccinella se p te m punctata, A natis ocellata and Calvia quatuordecim punctata. The sim ilarity of th e com m unity s tru c tu re expressed by m ean s of M orisita s index oscillated betw een (Table III).

6 384 W. Czechowska Table III. Q ualitative sim ilarity (Sorensen index) and sim ilarity of dom inance stru ctu re (M orisita index) of the com m unities of Coccinellidae in the m oist pine forests studied Young stan d s Medium age stands M ature stan d s Puszcza Białowieska Puszcza Biała Bory Tucholskie Puszcza Białowieska Puszcza Biała Bory Tucholskie Puszcza Białowieska Puszcza Biała X o B B V) V, o Bory Tucholskie Puszcza Białowieska Puszcza Biała Bory Tucholskie Sorensen index (%) In com parison to older stands, young stan d Coccinellidae com m unities were characterized by a greater proportion of Coccinella septem punctata, Calvia quatuordecim punctata a n d Exochom us quadripustulatus (Table II). M edium age stands The catches in these pine stan d s produced 13 Coccinellidae species in total (Table II). The figures for particular stan d s fell betw een 8 and 12 species w ith fau n istic al sim ilarity varying betw een 76-82% (Table III). The m ean value of the Coccinellidae abundance index in pines of th is age class w as 0.085, while indices for particular areas fluctuated from to (Table II). The m ost ab u n d a n t species in the total m aterial obtained from s ta n d s in th is age class were Scym nus suturalis (55.2%) and Myrrha octodecim guttata (28.2%). Their sh ares in the quantitative stru c tu re s of p articu lar com m unities fluctuated quite widely. However, S. suturalis alw ays rem ained the dom inant species. Of the other species, Harmonia quadripunctata and A natis ocellata had slig h tly h ig h er sh a re s. D om inance s tru c tu re sim ilarity of Coccinellidae com m unities ranged from 0.90 to 0.98 in a stand. C om pared to young sta n d com m unities, Coccinellidae com m unities in m edium age sta n d s were characterized above all else by higher ab u n d an ce of M yrrha octodecim guttata (2.4 tim es on average). A su b stan tial increase in the abundan ce of th is species w as noted in Bory Tucholskie an d Puszcza Biala (Table II). On the o ther hand, a considerable fall in abundance could be seen in the case of Scym nus suturalis, Coccinella septem punctata and a slighter one, in Exochomus quadripustulatus and Calvia quatuordecimpunctata. The m ean value

7 Coccinellidae ( Coleoptera ) 385 of th e a b u n d a n c e index of Coccinellidae com m unities in th is age c la ss of forest s ta n d w a s lower by approxim ately 9% th a n in young sta n d s. M ature sta n d s S im ilarly to m ed iu m age s ta n d s, 13 Coccinellidae species w ere reg istered in m a tu re sta n d s. T he figures for individual s ta n d s varied from 10 to 11 a n d th e fa u n istic a l sim ilarity index ranged from 76-86% (Tabs II, III). M ean a b u n d a n c e of Coccinellidae in pine canopies w as (0.063 to in a s ta n d ). S c y m n u s suturalis (52.9%) an d Myrrha octodecim guttata (25.7%) w ere th e m o st a b u n d a n t species, j u s t a s in m edium age s ta n d s. O th er sp ecies w ith relativ ely high a b u n d a n c e inclu d ed H arm onia quadripunctata a n d A n a tis ocellata (Table II). T he s tr u c tu r a l sim ilarity of Coccinellidae co m m u n ities in m a tu re s ta n d s oscillated betw een 0.83 to M ean a b u n d a n c e of Coccinellidae in m a tu re s ta n d s w as lower by a b o u t 18% th a n in m ed iu m age s ta n d s, w hich w as chiefly due to d ecreased a b u n d a n c e of S c y m n u s suturalis a n d M yrrha octodecim guttata (Table II). In co m p ariso n to y o u n g s ta n d s, m ea n a b u n d a n c e of ladybirds in canopies of old p in es w as lower by n e a rly 25%. SUMMARY In th e stu d y, 14 Coccinellidae species were recorded in pine canopies, 11 of w hich w ere fo u n d in s ta n d s of all the th ree age classes. S c y m n u s nigrinus w as only n o ted in young s ta n d s while A dalia conglomerata a n d Calvia decem g u tta ta w ere only recorded from older sta n d s. T he m e a n a b u n d a n c e of Coccinellidae com m unities w as th e h ig h est in y o u n g s ta n d s (0.93), while th e low est v alues were obtained in m a tu re s ta n d s (0.70). A m a rk e d decrease in ladybird a b u n d a n c e asso ciated w ith th e grow ing age of th e s ta n d w as only recorded in Puszcza B iałow ieska in both se aso n s. Since the a b u n d a n c e of ladybirds w as th e hig h est in th is region, th e re s u lts influenced th e m e a n values. In Bory T ucholskie, also in b oth seaso n s, ladybirds w ere m o st n u m e ro u s in m a tu re s ta n d s, while in Puszcza B iała th e g re a te st a b u n d a n c e w as m e a s u re d in m ed iu m age sta n d s. The sp ecies m o st a b u n d a n t in young s ta n d s include S c y m n u s suturalis, C occinella s e p te m p u n c ta ta a n d C alvia q u a tu o rd ecim p u n cta ta. M yrrha octodecim guttata w as th e only species th a t w as m ore a b u n d a n t in m ed iu m age a n d m a tu re s ta n d s th a n in young ones. Sim ilar a b u n d a n c e index v a lu e s in the th re e age c la sse s w ere obtained for Exochom us quadripustulatus, H arm onia quadripunctata, M ysia oblongoguttata a n d A natis ocellata 9 of th e 14 species found in canopies of pine develop on coniferous trees. Am ong th em, S c y m n u s suturalis, S. nigrinus, Exochom us quadripustulatus, H arm onia quadripunctata a n d M yrrha octodecim guttata a re c h a ra c te ris tic

8 386 W. C zechow ska e le m en ts of pine forest entom ofauna. The o th er 4 species, n am ely AphicLecta obliterateu A dalia conglomerata, M ysia oblongoguttata a n d A n a tis ocellata o ccu r also on sp ru c e, larc h a n d fir (B ielaw ski 1971, 1978, S t e b n ic k a 1972). L adybirds asso ciated w ith d ecid u o u s s ta n d s were re p re se n te d in th e fo re sts s tu d ie d o nly by sin g le s p e c im e n s of A d a lia d e c em p u n c ta ta a n d Calvia decem guttata. O n th e o th e r h a n d, eurytopic species - Coccinella se p te m p u n c ta ta a n d Calvia quatuordecim punctata - w ere relatively a b u n d a n t, especially in young s ta n d s. ScymniLS haemorrhoidalis, w hich o c c u rs in v a rio u s h a b ita ts b u t is never n u m e ro u s, w as collected on p in es in all age c lasses in P uszcza B iala a n d P uszcza B iałow ieska. A p art from th e generally high sim ilarity in species com position a n d s tru c tu re, Coccinellidae c o m m u n ities in individual fo rest com plexes p o s s e s s c e rta in specific fe a tu re s resu ltin g from local factors. In th e m oist pine fo rests stu d ied. Puszcza Białow ieska h a d th e g re a te s t sp ecies ric h n e ss a n d a b u n d a n c e of Coccinellidae in pine canopies. S c y m n u s suturalis a n d M yrrha octodecim guttata were m ore a b u n d a n t th e re th a n in th e o th e r two areas. The relative a b u n d a n c e of A phidecta obliterata in th is a re a sh o u ld probably be a ttrib u te d to the high proportion of s p ru c e in th e pine forest a n d a d ja c e n t h a b ita ts. Bory T ucholskie h a d relatively high p ro p o rtio n s of E xochom us quadripustulatus a n d A n a tis ocellata, w hile in P u sz c z a B iala H arm onia quadripunctata w as quite a b u n d a n t. REFERENCES R., G a r b a r c z y k H C h a rak te ry sty k a terenów b a d a ń o raz m etod z b ie ra n ia i o p rac o w yw ania m ateriałów. Fragm. fau n., W arszaw a, 26: B ie l a w s k i R B iedronki - Coccinellidae. Klucze do o zn aczania ow adów Polski, 6. W arszaw a, 92 pp. B ie l a w s k i R Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) w zbiorow isku roślin zielnych i m ło d n ik a sosnow ego w W arszaw ie n a B ielanach. Fragm. faun., W arszaw a, 8 : B ie l a w s k i R B iedronki (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) Bieszczadów. Fragm. fau n., W arszaw a, 17: B ie l a w s k i R B iedronki (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) Pienin. Fragm. fa u n.. W arszaw a, 22: C z e c h o w s k a W Neunopteroidea a n d Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) o f p ine can o p ie s o f th e pine fo rests in th e B erezinsky B iosphere Reserve in B yelorussia. Fragm. fau n., W arszaw a, 38: G u m o ś H., W iś n i e w s k i J Nasilenie w ystępow ania biedro n k o w aty ch (CoL, Coccinellidae) w d rzew o stan ach sosnow ych. Pol. Pism o en t., Ser. B, W rocław, 25: H o r n H. S M easu rem en t o f overlap" in com parative ecological stu d ie s. A mer. N atur., B oston, 100: H ó r e g o t t H U n te rsu c h u n g e n u b e r die q u alitative u n d q u a n tita tiv e Z u sa m m e n se tz u n g der A rth ro p o d en fau n a in d en K ieferkronen. Beitr. E nt., Berlin, 10: K l a u s n i t z e r B B eitrag z u r C o ccinellidenfauna ein e r K iefem sch o n u n g [Col). Mitt, d e r DEG, Berlin, 2 4 : K l a u s n i t z e r B Z u r K en n tn is d e r B eziehungen d er Coccinellidae z u r K iefem w ald em (Pinus silvestris). A cta E nt. Bohem oslov., P rah a, 64: K l a u s n i t z e r B Z u r Biologie von M yrrha octodecim guttata (L.) (CoL, Coccinellidae). E n t. N achr., D resden, 12: K l a u s n i t z e r B., K l a u s n i t z e r H M arienkafer (Coccinellidae). W itte n b erg -L u th e rsta d t, 88 pp B ań k o w sk a

9 Coccinellidae ( Coleoptera) 387 K o e h l e r W O snuja gwiaździsta (Acantholyda nemoralis Thoms.) n a tl e jej gradacji w borach Ś ląsk a. Roczn. N auk leśn., W arszawa, 15: K o e h l e r W Kilka spostrzeżeń nad zagęszczaniem się populacji dwóch gatunków z rodziny Coccinellidae n a tle gradacji szkodników leśnych. Pol. Pismo ent., Ser. B, Wroclaw, 3: M a t u s z k i e w i c z J. M G eobotaniczne zróżnicowanie lasów iglastych Polski. D okum entacja geogr., W rocław, 3: M a t u s z k ie w i c z J., D e g ó r s k i M., K o z ł o w s k a A D escription of the p lant association stru c tu re a n d soils of pine forest stands situated in five regions of Poland. Fragm. faun., W arszawa, 36: M o e r i c k e V U ber den F arb en sin n d er Pfirsichblattlaus M yzodespersicae Sulz. Z. Tierpsychol., B erlin-h am burg, 7: S ó r e n s e n T A m ethod of establishing groups of equal am plitude in plant sociology based on sim ilarity of species content and its application to analyses of the vegetation on D anish com m ons. Biol. Skr., Kobenhavn, 5: S t e b n ic k a Z Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) okolic Krakowa. Acta zool. cracov., Kraków, 17: T r a m p l e r T., G ir ż d a A., D m y t e r k o E Zróżnicowanie zasobów i produkcji biom asy drzewnej w lasach iglastych w Polsce. D okum entacja geogr., Wrocław, 3: W in ia r s k a G., C h o l e w ic k a K Zróżnicowanie entom ofauny koron sosny w układzie geograficznym Polski niżowej. W: D ynam ika naturalnych i półnaturalnych ekosystem ów leśnych i ich związki z innym i ekosystem am i w krajobrazie. Ed. E. B em adzki, SGGW-AR, W arszawa, pp M uzeum i In stytut Zoologii PAN ul. Wilcza 64, W arszaw a (Poland) STRESZCZENIE (Tytuł: B iedronkow ate (Coccinellidae, Coleoptera) w arstw y k oron borów so sn o wych] B ad an ia przeprowadzono n a terenie Puszczy Białowieskiej, Puszczy Białej i Borów Tucholskich w drzew ostanach sosnowych różnych klas wiekowych - m łodnikach (15-20-letnich), drzew ostanach III klasy wieku (40-60-letnich) i starodrzew ach ( letnich) - rosnących w siedlisku boru świeżego. W m ateriale liczącym 3807 osobników stwierdzono obecność 14 gatunków Coccinellidae. W poszczególnych kom pleksach borów świeżych występowało od 10 do 14 g a tu n k ó w b ie d ro n e k (Tab. I). S k ład g a tu n k o w y z g ru p o w a ń Coccinellidae w drzew ostanach sosnowych poszczególnych klas wiekowych różnił się w bardzo niewielkim stopniu. W m łodnikach stw ierdzono łącznie 12, a w drzew ostanach III klasy wieku i starodrzew ach po 13 gatunków biedronek, w tym 11 gatunków było wspólnych dla zgrupow ań z drzew ostanów w szystkich b adanych klas wiekowych. Średni w skaźnik liczebności biedronkow atych wynosił: w m łodnikach , drzew ostanach III klasy wieku , starodrzew ach Mimo pew nych różnic ilościowych, stru k tu ra zgrupow ań Coccinellidae była wszędzie b a rd z o p o d o b n a. D o m in an te m był zaw sze Scym n u s suturalis, pozycję su b d o m in an ta zajmował w starszych drzew ostanach Myrrha octodecimguttata,

10 388 W. Czechowska n a to m ia st w m łodnikch jak o subdom inanty występow ały także Coccinella septem punctata, Harmonia quadripunctata, A natis ocellata oraz Exochom us quadripustulatus. B adane bory sosnowe zasiedlone były głównie przez biedronki odbyw ające rozw ój n a d rzew ach ig lasty ch. S p o śró d n ich do form ste n o to p o w y c h, charakterystycznych dla drzewostanów sosnowych, należą S cym n u s suturalis, S. nigrinus, H arm onia quadripunctata i M yrrha octodecim guttata. U dział ilościowy tego elem entu był wyższy w drzew ostanach starszych, n ato m iast z g ru p o w an ia CoccinelLidae w m ło d n ik ach odzn aczały się z n a c z n ie jsz y m udziałem gatunków eurytopowych, takich ja k Coccinella septem punctata i Caluia quatuordecim punctata. R edaktor pracy - d r H. G arbaiczyk