gurmiq zwn 1 > < siqgur prswid ] > gur igawn A<jn scu nyzi pweaw ] A<qir cwnxwu AigAwnu A<Dwy{ gvweaw ] mwisk vyswk-èxy T, s<vq` nwnkswwhi 544 vˆw~ 5 A<k 6 s<pwdk : ismrjiq is<g Em. E., Em. Em. si. shwxk s<pwdk : jgjiq is<g Em. Em. si. swlwnw (dysw) AwjIvn (dysw) swlwnw (ivdysw) priq kwpi c<dw 10 {pxy 100 {pxy 250 {pxy 3 {pxy c<dw Byjny kw pqw sicv, Dwm~ prcwr kmyti (iswromixw gu{ªwrw prb<dwk kmyti) I Am qsr-143006 Pon: 0183-2553956-60, PY#s: 0183-2553919 E#sty<Swn n<br ivqrxw ivbwg 303 s<pwdkix ivbwg 304 e-mail : gyan_gurmat@yahoo.com website : www.sgpc.net iv wx-suci.. gurbwxwi ivcwr 2 s<pwdkix 3 syvw qqww nmrqw ky pu<j I gu{ Amrdws ji 5 -fw. kuldip is<g 'harw' mhwn jrnyl bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdr ªwrw. 7 -fw. AnUp is<g Cotw GØlUGwrw 11 -fw. gurbcn <isg s. hri is<g nluaw : jivn pircx 15 -fw. SwmSwyr is<g sçcw prym (kivqw) 20 - I prsww<q AgRvwl swkw pwa<tw swihb kw Eyiqhwisk v Áw<q 21 -ismrjiq is<g Awjæwd Bwrq ky imk vg~ kw Ksqw hwl #Xo<? 32 -s. suir<dr is<g inmwxww p<jwbi giq 35 -s. siqnwm is<g koml Bgq qyry min Bwvdy... 36 -s. rmysw is<g ijæ<dgi ibn mol jwxy (kivqw) 39 - I prsww<q AgRvwl nswo< ky syvn ky Gwqk prbwv 40 -s. surjiq is<g r#q dwn kro r#q dwn! (kivqw) 43 -s. ibkrmjiq is<g 'jiq' gur iski bwrik hy... 13 44 -fw. sëxy<drpwl is<g gurbwxwi ic<qndwwrw : 58 48 -fw. mnjiq kor dswmysw ipqw ky bwvn drbwri kiv-52 53 -fw. rwjy<dr is<g 'swihl' Kbrnwmw 55
gurmiq zwn 2 gurbwxwi ivcwr purw Qwwtu bxwweaw pury vykhu Ek smwnw ] esu prp<c mih swcy nwm ki vifawe~ mqu ko Dwrhu gumwnw ]1] siqgur ki ijs no miq AwvY so siqgur mwih smwnw ] eh bwxwi jo jiahu jwxwy iqsu A<qir rvy hir nwmw ]1]rhwa] chu jugw kw huixw inbyvw nr mnukw no Eku indwwnw ] jqu s<jm qirqw Aonw jugw kw Dwrmu hy kil mih kiriq hir nwmw ]2] juig juig Awpo Awpxww Dwrmu hy soidw dykhu byd purwnw ] gurmuik ijni idwaweaw hir hir jig qy pury prvwnw ]3] khq nwnku scy isa priiq lwe cuky min AiBmwnw ] khq suxwq sby suk pwvih mwnq pwih indwwnw ]4] (pnnw 797) iblwvl rwg my< açcwrxw ike ge apro#q Swbd my< I gu{ Amrdws ji prbu-nwmismrn ki mihmw kw bkwn krqy hue Prmwn krqy hy< ik hy jiv! as Akwl purk ny nwm-ismrn ki Xui#q sb jivo< ko Ek smwn bqwe~ hy[ Xh Xui#q prëxyk Xug my< Ek smwn cli Aw rhi hy[ es jgq my< prbu-nwm-ismrn krny sy hi mwn-smmwn prwîq hoqw hy[ khi< koe~ eskw Gm<f n kr ly[ siqgu{ ky apdysw ko ¼dX my< grhxw kr ijsy eski smj Aw jwqi hy vo Apny siqgur ky jysw hi ho jwqw hy AQww~q` vo BI nwm-ismrn ki kmwe~ krny lg jwqw hy[ jo jiv gu{ ki bwxwi, gu{ ki isw@ww ky swqw sw<j pw lyqw hy asky ¼dX my< prbu-nwm sdw itkw rhqw hy[ gu{ ji kw Awgy Prmwn hy ik gu{ ki Swrxw my< jwny sy jiv ko Xh smj Aw jwqi hy ik Xug cwhy koe~ BI ho, sb my< prbu-nwm-ismrn hi y T hy[ Bly hi iksi Xug my< jq, s<xm, qiqw~-ánwn Awid prmuk rhy ho<, mgr klxug my< prmwëmw kw nwm-ismrn hi svo~pir km~ hy[ jq, s<xm, qiqw~-ánwn Awid ky bwvjud BI Xid ghnqw sy ivcwr ikxw jwe qo pqw clqw hy ik ijnho<ny hir-ismrn ikxw hy vy hi gurmuk hy<, vy hi smpuxw~ hy<, ávikwr hy<[ gu{ ji ky Swbd ki A<iqm p<i#qxo< my< Prmwn hy ik jo jiv sdw iáqwr rhny vwly prmwëmw ky swqw ÎXwr pwqw hy, asky A<dr sy AiBmwn KËm ho jwqw hy[ jo jiv 'nwm' jpqy hy<, jo 'nwm' sunqy hy<, vy sb AwiËmk Awn<d ki AváQww ko prwîq kr lyqy h<y AOr Eysy hi wmxi jiv prbu-nwm kw Kjæwnw pw lyny my< spl ho jwqy hy<[
gurmiq zwn 3 ikrq ivrq kir Dwrmu di... is#k Dwm~ ky s<áqwwpk I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ny qin prmuk is w<qo< pr is#k Dwm~ ki áqwwpnw ki[ ''nwm jpo, ikrq ( m) kro qqww v<f (bw<t kr) Cko'' ky Xy qin is w<q smwj my< vxw~nxo^x Ÿw<iq lwe[ nwm jpny ky is w<q pr ghrwe~ sy ivcwr krqy hue Bi#q lhr my< Awe~ Ÿw<iq shjqw sy hi AnuBv hoqi hy[ I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ky ile nwm jpny kw is w<q Gr-bwr ËXwg kr j<glo< my< ivcrxw krnw, km~kw<f krnw Xw iksi BI }p my< smwj pr boj bnnw nhi< hy[ I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ky nwm jpny ky is w<q ki jvy< aári Bwrq my< aëpnn Bi#q lhr my< hy<[ Bi#q lhr ki aëpiá mu$xq: bwhri hmlwvro< Ev< kiqwq Dwm~-AguAo< ªwrw jnqw ki ki jwqi lut-ksut ky ivrodw ky }p my< hue~ hy[ luti jwqi jnqw ko jwg q krny ky ile kuc cyqn Ev< s<vydnswil Swi$æsXqy< swmny Awe~<[ Xy Swi$æsXwqy< logo< ky ÎXwr Ev< sëkwr sy lbryjæ B#qo< ky }p my< pris hue~<[ enho<ny jnqw ky duk-dd~ dur krny ky ile prmwëmw ki prymw-bi#q ki Aot prdwn krvwkr, ikrq krny ki pryrxww sy smwj-sudwwr lwny my< splqw prwîq ki[ Xh koe~ Awswn rwh nhi< QwI[ Bi#q lhr ky s<cwlko< ko es rwh pr clqy hue kdm-kdm pr Anyk kitnwexo< kw swmnw krnw pvw[ es lhr ky s<cwlk jwq-pwq, <cnic qqww Awrwm BrI ijæ<dgi sy koso< dur Qwy[ qqwwkiqwq ávxw~ jwiqxo<, swdwn-smpnn logo< Ev< áqwwipq qqwwkiqwq pujwri vg~ kw s$æq ivrodw krnw enky ile mu$x cunoqi Qww[ AwiKr my< ivjx myhnqi vg~ ky en B#q swihbwn ki hi hue~ AOr cwro< Aor jx-jxkwr PYl ge~[ en B#q swihbwn my< sy B#q nwmdyv ji, B#q kbir ji, B#q rivdws ji ki bwxwi my< sy Tos hkikqy< prkt hoqi dyki-suni jw skqi hy<[ Bi#q lhr ky s<cwlk B#q swihbwn hmy< kbi BI intøly vg~ ki bwq krqy njær nhi< Awqy[ Xy hr smx Apny ÛXvswX my< máq Ek Akwl purk ki prymw-bi#q my< lin hi prqiq hoqy hy<[ Xy qqwwkiqwq pujwri vg~ ki idkwvw-mwz pujwapwsnw qqww dwn-di@wxww pr tyk rkny ki prv iá kw ft kr ivrodw krqy hy<[ B#q swihbwn jnqw ky ile açc Ev< AwdSw~ mwfl pysw krky ikrq ( m) ki mhwnqw ko dsww~qy hy<[ B#q kbir ji qwnw bunqy hue, B#q nwmdyv ji kpvy r<gqy hue, B#q rivdws ji juqy gw<tqy hue nwm-r<g my < r<gy rhqy h< Y[ anki ikrq-kmwe~ anky Bi#q-swDwno< my < koe~ iv%n nhi< fwlqi biøk smwj-inmw~xw my< Ahm Xogdwn fwlqi hy[ gu{ swihbwn Kud g háqwi Qwy[ anko es bwq kw puxw~ zwn Qww ik mnmuk vyrw^x ki mwmulisi lhr ky vsw my< pv kr, Apnw g háqwi jivn ËXwg kr pyt Brny ky ile ANX pr boj bn jwqw hy[ gurbwxwi kw Prmwn hy : mnmuku lhir G{ qij ivgucy Avrw ky Gr hyry ] igrh Dwrmu gvwe siqgu{ n BytY durmiq GUmn GyrY ] ids<q{ BvY pwt piv Qwwkw izsnw hoe vdwyry ] kwci ip<fi sbdu n ciny ad{ BrY jysy ForY ] gur swihbwn ny smwj ky priq ApnI ijmmydwri ko smjqy hue ikrq-kmwe~ ko gurmiq
gurmiq zwn 4 jivn-dsw~n kw prdwwn qëv bnw idxw[ gu{ swihbwn ny gurbwxwi my< swdwk ky ile inxm kwxm kr idxy : Gwil Kwe ikcu hqwhu dye ] nwnk rwhu pcwxwih sye ] B#q kbir ji ny BI B#q nwmdyv ji qqww B#q izlocn ji ky swqw ivcwr-ivmsw~ krqy hue XhI áp t ikxw hy : nwmw khy iqlocnw muk qy rwmu s<mhwil ] hwqw pwa kir kwmu sbu ciqu inr<jn nwil ] gurmiq-bi#q kw ad`dysx iksi qrh ky intølo< kw dl KVw krnw nhi< Qww[ gurmiq- Bi#q smwj ky priq ApnI ijmmydwri ko smjqi QwI, esile gu{ swihbwn ny smwj sy BgOVw krny vwli v iá ko smwîq krky ikrq-km~ ky is w<q ki áqwwpnw ki[ I gu{ Arjn dyv ji kw Prmwn hy : admu kryidaw jia qu< kmwvidaw suk Bu<cu ] idwaweidaw qu< prbu imlu nwnk aqri ic<q ] I gu{ nwnk dyv ji qqww ANX gu{ swihbwn ny smwj ko Xugo<-Xugw<qro< qk idsww dyny ky ile en is w<qo< ko Apny jivn my< Dwwrxw ikxw[ I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ny ÛXwpwr, nokri, KyqI Awid ikrq ko jivn my< Dwwrxw ikxw[ gu{ swihbwn ny ApnI bwxwi ky swqw ANX mhwpu{ wo< ki bwxwi BI s<bwli[ Xh bwxwi Ab I gu{ gr<qw swihb ky }p my< swri duinxw ko prkwsw bw<t rhi hy[ nwm jpqy hue ki AwdSw~ ikrq ko bw<tkr Ckny AQww~q` ApnI kmwe~ my< sy ivá ky Anuswr j}rqm<do< ki AwvSXkqw puri krnw BI is#k Dwm~ kw prmuk is w<q hy[ is#k Dwm~ my< ikrq krny ky swqw-swqw Xh BI j}ri hy ik AwvSXkqw sy AiDwk Dwn-sMpiÁ ekt`ti nhi< krni cwihe[ AwvSXkqw sy AiDwk swmgri j}rqm<do< my< bw<t dyni aicq hy[ Eysw krny sy hi mnu X vwáqivkqw ky Byd ko smj skqw hy[ l<gr-prqww ''Gwil Kwe ikcu hqwhu dye ] nwnk rwhu pcwxwih sye ]'' ky is w<q ki pui t krqi hy[ bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdr qqww imslo< ky smx ikswno< ko jæmin ky mwilkwnw hk dynw BI esi is w<q ki pui t krqw hy[ Awj hmy< AwvSXkqw hy ik hm is#ki ky en is w<qo< ko smjy<[ ikrq sy dur hoqi jw rhi jnqw ko nwm jpqy hue, sçci ikrq krqy hue, bw<t kr Ckny ky is w<q pr phrw dyny ki ivswy w AwvSXkqw hy[ logo< ki mwxw (Dwn) pr tyk rkny vwly intøly Ev< BysDwwrI qqwwkiqwq s<qo< kw ivrodw krky gu{-b#qo< ªwrw b$swy AmIr is w<q pr ftkr phrw dynw smx ki AwvSXkqw hy[ Ek bwr I gu{ goib<d is<g ji kw drbwr lgw huaw Qww[ gu{ ji s<gq ko is#ki kw apdysw dy rhy Qwy[ ivcwr-ivmsw~ krqy hue Acwnk gu{ ji ko ÎXws mhsus hue~ qo anho<ny pwni piny ki eçcw prkt ki[ pws my< bytw Ek su<dr nojvwn AwXw AOr iglws ko AÇCI qrh swp krky ávçc SwIql jl Br lwxw[ jb asny bvy hi smmwn sy gu{ ji ky Awgy jl kw Brw iglws pysw ikxw qo Acwnk gu{ ji ki njær asky hwqwo< pr pvi[ gu{ ji ny as nojvwn sy pucw ik ''vo #Xw kwm krqw hy? nojvwn ny aár idxw, ji kwm krny ki kbi j}rq hi nhi< pvi, Gr my< nokr-cwkr hy<, kwpi jmin-jwxdwd hy['' nojvwn kw aár sunkr gu{ ji ny asky hwqw sy pwni piny sy mnw kr idxw AOr khw, jo hwqwo< ªwrw ikrq nhi< krqy anky hwqwo< sy Kwnw-pInw hrwm hy[''
gurmiq zwn 5 syvw qqww nmrqw ky pu<j I gu{ Amrdws ji I gu{ Amrdws ji ky kitn pir m, syvw qqww DwYX~ ko dykkr I gu{ A<gd dyv ji ny guirawe~ ki dwq jb anki JolI my< fwli qo dwqu ji Ev< dwsu ji cikq rh ge[ ankw ivcwr Qww ik gu{-puz hony ky nwqy Xh AiDwkwr ankw hy, jo I gu{ Amrdws ji ny ansy CIn ilxw hy[ I gu{ Amrdws ji ny gurg I pr ivrwjmwn hokr iksi BI JgVy my < n pvqy hue nmrqw sihq ÑXws ky iknwry (goe<dvwl) jw fyrw lgwxw[ I gu{ Amrdws ji gmi~sdi~ my< phr rwq rhqy Am q vyly jwgqy, ánwn krqy ávçc váz phnkr smwidw my< lin ho jwqy[ Am q vyly Bwe~ sáw ji-bwe~ blv<f ji rbwbi Awkr kiq~n krqy; kiq~n-smwiîq ky bwd gu{ swihb s<gq ko apdysw krqy[ es qrh svw phr idn cfæny qk vy ijzwsuao< kw køxwxw krqy AOr ipr dophr ky smx s<gq ky swqw imlkr prswwdw Ckqy[ l<gr my< s<gq ky ile qrh-qrh ky Bojn qyxwr hoqy, mgr gu{ ji swdw Bojn hi Ckqy[ l<gr my< sb vxwo~< ky log Ek hi p<gq my< bytkr prswwdw Ckqy[ Xhw< rwjw-r<k smwn Qwy, <c-nic kw koe~ BydBwv nhi< Qww, swmwijk smwnqw ki Xh Ek Aiq aám imswl QwI[ s<dxw ky smx kqww hoqi, ipr kiq~n ky bwd lgbg phr rwq rhqy gu{ swihb Awrwm krqy[ I gu{ Amrdws ji qqwwkiqwq vxw~- Aw m ky p@w my< nhi< Qwy[ ankw kqwn hy : jwiq kw grbu n kriahu koe~ ] brhmu ib<dy so brwhmxwu hoe~ ]1] jwiq kw grbu n kir murk gvwrw ] esu grb qy clih bhuqu ivkwrw ] (pnnw 1127-28) -fw. kuldip is<g 'harw' I gu{ Amrdws ji ki shnswilqw BI kmwl ki QwI[ goe<dvwl swihb my< SwyKæ vg~ ky lvko< ny gulyl mwrkr is#ko< ky pwni Brny vwly GVy qov ide qo gu{ swihb ny mswko< ko prxog my< lwny ki Awzw ki[ jb mswky < BI qiro< sy ib<dwi jwny lgi< qo gu{ swihb ny gwgro< ko prxog my< lwny ky ile khw[ jb lvko< ny pëqwr mwrkr gwgry< BI Avt kr di< qo BI gu{ swihb ny @wmw ki KVg hwqw sy nhi< CoVI[ anho<ny Prmwn ikxw :''@wmw EysI KVg hy jo mwrnw nhi<, biøk shnw iskwqi hy['' is#ko< ky pucny pr ik Ah<kwr sy Cutkwrw kysy ho skqw hy, gu{ swihb ny PrmwXw :''kyvl kihxw ivc nhi< sgo< inmrqw Aml ivc ilawao[ ktor bcn nw bolo[ jy ktor bcn suxwo qw< vi sihxwswilqw rko[ srbq dw Blw icqvo, iksy dw burw n kro[ Awpxwy mn ivco< e~rkw htwao[ sb dw Blw icqvie qw< ivqkrw Gtdw hy[ ivqkrw Gtygw qw< A<dro< hamy GtygI, KudgrjæI GtygI[ KudgrjæI hamy dw hi s}p hy, jo vrqo< ivc prgt hu<di hy[''(aswt gur cmqkwr, p T 163) sulqwnpur kw BÆ ib#kw goe<dvwl swihb AwXw[ l<gr my< sy prswwdw Ckw, gu{ ji ky dsw~n ike[ asny gu{ ji ko mn ky BRm bqwe[ gu{ ji kw aár sunkr vh prbwivq huaw[ kuc smx gu{ ji ky pws itkw, ipr vwips Apny Gr clw gxw[ asko jo inji qjubw~ huaw, askw vxw~n asny do svyxo< my < ikxw, jo I gu{ gr <Qw swihb my < dj~ hy <[ dusry svyxy my < asko gu{ ji sy jo prwîq huaw, askw vxw~n ikxw hy :
< < < gurmiq zwn 6 gu{ igawnu A{ idwawnu qq isa qqu imlwvy ] sic scu jwxwiey ek icqih ilv lwvy ] kwm ŸoDw vis kry pvxwu af<q n DwwvY ] inr<kwr ky vsy dyis hukmu buij bicw{ pwvy ] kil mwih }pu krqw purku so jwxwy ijin ikcu kiaa ] gu{ imiøxa soe ibkw khy shj r<ig drsnu diaa ] (pnnw 1395) dirxw ÑXws kw pwni piny Xo^X n rhny ky kwrxw gu{ swihb ny goe<dvwl swihb my < Ek bwali bnvwe~[ aski Ek qrp kue< ki Bw<iq rh<t clqw Qww, dusri qrp siifæxw< bni hue~ QwI<, jo nicy bwali ky jl qk phu <c jwqi QwI<[ (sw<jw) l<gr Ev< (sw<ji) bwali qqwwkiqwq açc-jwqix logo< ko AÇCy n lgy[ anho<ny Akbr bwdswwh ky pws iswkwxq ki ik gu{ swihb swmwijk rámo< ko n Kud mwnqy hy < AOr n hi logo< ko mwnny dyqy hy <[ Akbr an idno< lwhor AwXw huaw Qww[ en iswkwxqo< kw aár dyny ky ile gu{ swihb ny Bwe~ jytw ji ( I gu{ rwmdws ji) ko lwhor Byjw[ jb Akbr ko pqw clw ik gu{ swihb kw mq sv~-sw<jw qqww Ek prmwëmw ki b<dgi krnw hy qo vh bhuq prbwivq huaw[ I gu{ Amrdws ji ny 'An<du' nwmk bwxwi ki rcnw ki[ es bwxwi my < anho<ny vwihgu{ qqww gu{ ki prwiîqxo< ki KuiSwXw< qqww Awn<d ilky hy <[ esi bwxwi my < Amr-Awn<d ky bwry my iváqwrpuv~k ivcwr ikxw gxw hy[ is#k rihq mxw~dw ky Anuswr is#ko< my < hr KuSwI-gmI ky moky pr es bwxwi kw pwt krny kw irvwj hy[ ''jb siqgu{ ki prwiîq hue~ qo shj-aváqww ky r<g my < mn my < bdwwexw< bji<[ Awn<d ki AváQww an Bw^XSwwlI prwixwxo< ko prwîq hoqi hy ijnky SwuB kmo~ < ky kwrxw swry ad`dysx pury hoqy hy < qqww anko prbu ki prwiîq hoqi hy['' Xh hy 'An<du' bwxwi kw swr AQwvw in k w~[ 'qvwrik gu} Kwlsw' ky Anuswr I gu{ Amrdws ji ny bwbw buf`fw ji qqww kuc ANX prmuk is#ko< ko Bwe~ jytw ji ky swqw Byjkr hu#m ikxw ik gw<v qu <g, iglvwli qqww sulqwniv<f ki simw my < jwkr Ek nxw ngr Awbwd kro[ es ngr kw nwm 'gu{ kw c#k' (bwd my < I Am qsr) pris huaw[ kuc mkwn Awid kw inmw~xw ho jwny ky bwd Xhw< 's<qoksr' nwmk srovr qyxwr ikxw gxw[ asky aprw<q 'Am q sr' srovr qyxwr huaw[ esi srovr ky mdx bwd my < I gu{ Arjn dyv ji ny I hirm<dr swihb kw inmw~xw krvwxw[ Ek idn I gu{ Amrdws ji ny Apny pirvwr ky muki sdáxo< ko pws bulwkr khw, ''hmy < Akwl purk sy bulwvw Aw gxw hy AOr Ab hmny dyh ËXwgkr pun: Apny prbu ky crxwo< my jwkr invws krnw hy['' as smx ky gu{ swihb ky khy vw#x bwbw su <dr ji ªwrw açcwrxw ki ge~ 'sdu' nwmk bwxwi my < es qrh dj~ hy < : myry isk suxwhu puq Bwe~ho myry hir Bwxww Awa my pwis jia ] hir Bwxww gur BweAw myry hir prbu kry swbwis jia ] (pnnw 923) Awp ji ny Awzw ki ik gurg I pr Ab Bwe~ jytw ji AQww~q` I gu{ rwmdws ji ivrwjmwn ho<gy[ Awp ji ny A<iqm isw@ww Xh di : A<qy siqgu{ boilaw my ipcy kirqnu kirahu inrbwxwu jia ] (pnnw 923) es prkwr AwXu my < v ik<qu Xuvw ivcwro< vwly siqgu{ ji hmwry ile jivn splqw sy gujwrny ky ile Apny pd-icnh CoVkr SwwrIirk }p sy es s<swr ko ËXwg kr prmèxoiq my ivlin ho ge qqww gu{-èxoiq ki prbuqw I gu{ rwmdws ji ko so<p ge[ (Anuvwdk : s. gurpriq is<g Bomw)
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gurmiq zwn 11 ATwrhvI< SwqwÑdI kw eiqhws do GØlUGwro< kw gvwh hy[ 1746 e~. my< hue GØlUGwry ko 'Cotw GØlUGwrw' ky nwm sy jwnw jwqw hy[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ªwrw ricq 'prwcin p<qw prkwsw' my< Coty GØlUGwry ki p TBUim A<ikq ki ge~ hy[ kuc PwrsI sroqo< sy BI es smb<dwi ibkri hue~ swmgri imlqi hy[ jkirxw Kæwn ki m ËXu ky aprw<q asky do puz-- XhIAw Kæwn qqww Swwh invwjæ Kæwn imlkr is#ko< ky iv{ niiqxw< bnwny lgy[ quko~< qqww is#ko< ky iv{ AwpsI vyr bfæqw gxw[ quko~< ko jhw< BI is<go< kw KurwKoj prwîq hoqw vy qur<q igrïæqwr kr lyqy[ PwrsI sroq, jysy buty Swwh ªwrw ricq 'qwrik-e-p<jwb', KuSwvkq rwx k q 'qvwrik- E-is#Kw<' qqww Ahmd Swwh btwliaw ki rcnw 'ijækr-e-gu{aw<' s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ky kqwno< ki pui t krqy hy< ik is#k j<glo< Ev< phwvo< ki GwitXo< my< icpkr gujwrw krqy qqww duk ko suk smjw jwqw Qww[ ke~ is#k j<glo< my< Swyro< Ev< bwgo< ki gupwao< my< invws krqy Qwy[ es prkwr j<glo<, phwvo< qqww gupwao< my< icpkr vy idn kwt rhy Qwy[ anmy< p<qw-îxwr ki Bwvnw apwn pr QwI[ vy muglo< ko KËm krnw hi Apnw ad`dsyx smjny lgy[ zwni igawn is<g 'SwmSwyr Kwlsw' my< ilkqy hy< ik btwlw, jl<dwr, ibjvwvw, m<jki, PgvwVw Awid áqwwno< ko virwn kr idxw gxw Cotw GØlUGwrw -fw. gurbcn is<g* Qww[ is<go< ki es splqw ky Pláv}p ankw Ek dl mugl ispwihxo< ky Bys my< lwhor my< mori drvwjæy ky rwáqy jnvri, 1746 e~. my< dwikæl huaw qqww Swhr ki qbwhi kw kwrxw bnw[ esky aprw<q rwvi ky iknwry j<glo< my< invws krqy is<g EkZ hue, ijnkw picw mugl GuVsvwr lwhor gvn~r XhIAw Kæwn ky hu#m sy kr rhy Qwy[ XhIAw Kæwn ki ihdwxq ADwIn divwn lkpq rwx BI is<go< ky iv{ kwx~vwhi kr rhw Qww[ aski ByjI mugl POj ky Ek dsqy ny is#ko< kw icpy hue fyro< my< picw ikxw qqww ankw Ek dl Eymnwbwd ki qrp bfæw[ go<fwvwlw gw<v ky invwisxo< ny Eymnwbwd ky POjdwr jspq rwx, jo divwn lkpq rwx kw Bwe~ Qww qqww Eymnwbwd sy lgbg 25 iklomitr ki duri pr Thrw huaw Qww, ko iswkwxq ki ik lgbg 2000 is#k GuVsvwr rovi swihb ky gu{ªwry my< Thry hue hy<[ divwn ny anko s<dysww Byjw ik vy POrn as áqwwn sy cly jwxy<[ is#ko< ªwrw Xh ivnqi ki ge~ ik vy ke~ idno< sy BUKy hy<, ksby my< sy kuc rsd KrIdkr ApnI BUK imtwnw cwhqy hy<, ankw iksi ko @wiq phu<cny kw koe~ ivcwr nhi<[ is#ko< ky es aár sy jspq rwx ŸoiDwq ho gxw[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ny es Gtnw kw klm-icz es prkwr KI<cw hy : is<g su bhuqy idnn ky BUKy A<n ky Zws[ ilk ByjI em Kwlsy jspq ko Ardws[...
gurmiq zwn 12 jspq ko em ilk ptwxw[ hmrw qumrw byr su nw<hi[ byr hmwrw qurkn qw<e~[ rsq mol hm lypi cwhy<[ Swihr qumwro KrId krwhy<[ jspq rwx ny hwqwi pr cfækr ijqny GuVsvwr asky pws as smx mojud Qwy, anko swqw lykr is<go< pr cfæwe~ ki, ijsky Pláv}p vh mwrw gxw[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ky Anuswr Ek r<grytw is#k, ijskw nwm Bwe~ inbwhu is<g Qww, jspq rwx ky hwqwi ki pu<c ko pkvkr ibjli ki qrh qyjæi sy hwqwi pr cfæ gxw AOr jspq rwx kw sr DwV sy Alg kr idxw, ijssy mugl POj ky dsqy my< BgdV mc ge~[ irvwxq hy ik jspq rwx ki m ËXu ky aprw<q lkpq rwx bhuq guásy my< AwXw AOr asny XhIAw Kæwn ky pyro< my< ApnI pgvi rkkr is#ko< ki qbwhi ky ile ivnqi ki[ nvwb ny lkpq rwx ko is#ko< ky iv{ POj kw srdwr bnwkr Byjw[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) es smb<dw my< ilkqy hy<: XhI bwq lkipq suni ifg nvwb de~ pr fwr[ Pyr Awn my< bdwo<go is<gn ko p<qw gwr[ Xh prq^gxw KZI kri[ mwro< is<g cfæ eq hi GrI[ Eys bcn sun nvwb acwrw[ Krco drb ly myrw swrw[ Xh p<qw PdUl PdUlIE KZI jwq su kin[ my< Ab KZI qo rhw< p<qw rlwvo< din ]6] Xh aswt<f ek KÁrI kxo[ nwm Kwlso jgq sunxo[ my< BI KZI q khwvo<[ p<qw Kwlso dur krwvo< ]7] nvwb pws XO kixo h<kwr[ nvwb khxo Xh AÇCI kwr[ mukqxwr POjn kw l#ku kiao[ lswkr sb qw<ky s<g diao ]8] apro#q vxw~n ike iváqwr ky Anuswr is#ko< kw picw krny sy phly lkpq rwx ny lwhor ky bhuq swry is#ko< ko SwhIdg<j nwmk áqwwn pr kël krvw idxw Qww[ lwhor ky muki SwhirXo< ny Ek priqinidwm<fl ki Sw#l my< lkpq rwx ky pws ivnqi ki QwI ik vo es prkwr mwsumo< ky lhu ky dirxw n bhwxy, pr<qu asny is#ko< ky pwvn g<rqwo< ko jlwxw qqww anky ke~ gu{ªwro< ko Fh-FyrI kr idxw[ BwrI ignqi my< is#ko< ny rwvi dirxw ky iknwry j<gl my< pnwh li[ es dorwn anki ke~ mutbyvy< mugl GuVsvwr dsqy ky swqw hue~<[ is#k golwbwri ky Awgy AsmQw~ Qwy, ijsky Pláv}p vy gurdwspur sy kuc duri pr purwny ÑXws dirxw ky iknwry iáqwq kwhnuvwn gw<v ki Aor guirølw Xu krqy hue Awgy bfæy[ idn ky smx vy Apny Awp ko Cupw lyqy Qwy qqww rwq ko mokw dykkr vyri pr Dwwvw bolqy Qwy[ Xhw< Xh bwq vxw~nxo^x hy ik DwIry-DwIry anki ignqi km hoqi ge~, #Xo<ik anky pws n hi lvwe~ kw swmwn AQww~q` golw-bw}d Qww AOr n hi Kurwk kw koe~ Awsrw Qww[ es prkwr bhuq swry infr is#k Xo w BUK Ev< j$æmo< kw iswkwr bnkr prlok gmn kr gxy[ khw jwqw hy ik bycwrw-ao-bymddgwr hony ki iáqwiq my < kuc ignqi my < is#k ivk<ifq ho ge[ kuc is#k vyri ky swqw mutbyv krqy hue prol kdue ki Aor cly ge[
gurmiq zwn 13 lkpq rwx ny codwirxo< qqww n<brdwro< ko Prmwn jwri ike ik vy is#ko< kw rwáqw roky< Ev< anko phwvi elwky ki qrp mydwno< my< Dwkylny kw XËn kry<[ is#ko< ky sbi rwáqo< ko rokny qqww b<d krny ky prb<dw ike ge[ ijsky Pláv}p vy ptwnkot qqww flhojæi ky mdx iáqwq bsoli ki phwivxo< pr pvwv krny ky ile mjbur kr ide ge, #Xo<ik an pr hmlw krny vwlo< ny dirxw qqww phwvo< ky smmuk anko bybs kr idxw Qww[ KuSwvkq rwx is#ko< ky duk qqww musibqo< kw vxw~n krqw huaw ilkqw hy ik bhus<$xw my< is#k k t shqy hue Akwl clwxww kr ge qqww bhuqo< ko b<di bnw ilxw gxw[ anmy< sy ke~ dirxw rwvi my< igr ge[ bhq swry is#ko< ko XwqnwE< dykr mwr idxw gxw[ lkpq rwx ny Ek is#k ky isr kw dwm 5 {pxy Goi wq ikxw[ esky Pláv}p is#ko< ki ignqi idn-priqidn km hoqi cli ge~[ is#ko< kw vo dsqw jo GØlUGwry sy bc gxw Qww, ÑXws dirxw ki qrp cfæwe~ kr gxw[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ny is#ko< ky swmny Awny vwli musibqo< kw BXwnk d SX pysw ikxw hy[ jun ky mwh ki iswkr dophr ko lkpq rwx ny is#ko< ky dsqy kw picw ikxw[ phwv pr bp~æ ipglny ky kwrxw ÑXws dirxw my< bwfæ Awe~ hue~ QwI[ is#ko< ny vwihgu{ kw Aw X lyqy hue goe<dvwl ky áqwwn pr dirxw my< Clw<g<y lgw di<[ vy is#k jo dirxw pwr krny my< spl rhy, anko dirxw pwr krny ky aprw<q lgbg 3 iklomitr ki duri qk gm~ ryq pr clnw pvw[ anho<ny ApnI dsqwry< PwVkr pyro< pr bw<dw li<[ vy BUKy Ev< ÎXwsy Qwy[ es moky is#ko< kw bhuq BwrI jwni nukswn huaw[ Xh GtnwŸm ABI BI jwri Qww[ jl<dwr ky pws AdInw byg ky nyq Ëv my< mugl POjI dsqy ny musibq my< igry is#ko< pr Dwwvw bol idxw[ ke~ JVpo< ky bwd kuc is#k sqluj ko pwr krky iqhwrw gw<v qk phu<cny my< spl ho ge[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ilkqw hy ik mwjy ky en is#ko< ki AwvBgq mwlvw @wyz ky is#ko< ªwrw ki ge~[ Gro< my< anki dykbwl ki ge~ qqww j$æmo< ko TIk krny ki Aor DXwn idxw gxw[ ke~ is#k AguAo< ny Apny ispwihxo< sihq Alg-Alg gw<vo< my< kuc dyr ky ile Thrwv ikxw[ nvwb kpur is<g kuc smx ky ile vniky my< Thry[ s. jásw is<g kotkpurw qqww su#kw is<g ny jyqo< ko Apny invws kw áqwwn bnwxw[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ky Anuswr Bwe~ dip is<g Apny kuc swiqwxo< sihq l#ki j<gl ki qrp cly ge[ pvol ktuxy ky bihvo< qqww j<glo< my< Kwlsy ki quko~< ky swqw hue~ Eyiqhwisk t#kr my< Kwlsy kw BwrI nukswn hony kw mu$x kwrxw XhI Qww ik quk~ POj ky mukwbly is#ko< ki ignqi qqww anky pws goli-is#kw Awid kwpi km Qww[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ilkqw hy ik lv-lvkr is<go< ky SwáZ BoQwrw ho ge[ nyjæo< ki Pwl GVny ky ile j<gl my< koe~ nhi< QwI[ GoVy Anwj ky ibnw Qwy AOr SwrIr SwáZhIn Qwy, Xhw< qk ik pwni BI prwîq n Qww: nyjy Pl rhy duswmn qn my<[ GwVU lby su nwhi bn my<[ ibn dwny BE GoVy mwvy[ ibn bsqr qn Dwup su swvy[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ny inmnilikq p<i#qxo< my< GØlUGwry ky dorwn Kwlsy ki XQwwQw~
gurmiq zwn 14 }p my< qsvir KI<cI hy : ADwI moq muswpri swri moq su Bu#K[... hw< Awe do imli BXo< Kwlsy du#k[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ky Anuswr jspq rwx ki m ËXu pr jo BI duk prkt krny AwXw vh lkpq rwx sy imlkr Kwlsy kw swmnw krny ky ile gxw[ ke~ ANX áqwwnix ispwhi quki~ POj my< BqI~ ike ge[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ky swqw lgbg smuh lykk qqww eiqhwskwr shmq hy< ik es iáqwiq my< Kwlsy ny phly ki qrh guirølw lvwe~ kw Aw X ilxw, #Xo<ik Kwlsw ignqi my< bhuq km Qww: qurk su Awtw is<g su luxw[ qurk Gtw is<g ibèjl n[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) pvol ktue ky bihv my< hue Kwlsy ky quko~< ky swqw es s<g w~ my< følyvwilxw imsl ky srdwr guridawl is<g ky do BweXo< ki dirxw my< fub jwny sy m ËXu kw ijÿ BI krqw hy[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ky ivvrxw my< phwv pr quki~ synw sy Kwlsy kw s<g w~ qqww hue~ @wiq bxwn krny kw iv wx hy[ phwv pr cfæi quk~ POj sy bcny hyqu jæmin Kodkr icpny sy Kwlsy ny Ek iáqwiq my< bcwv ikxw[ Coty GØlUGwry my< s. su#kw is<g mwvi k<bojæ ªwrw ki ge~ AguAwe~ kw s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ny iváqwr my< vxw~n ikxw hy[ b<duk ki AnuroDw goli lgny sy s. su#kw is<g ki tw<g cwhy j$æmi ho cuki QwI AOr Eysy my< lvwe~ my< phly ki qrh ÛXáq rhnw As<Bv Qww, pr<qu s. su#kw is<g Apny ht Ev< qp kw sdkw dusmn ky iv{ jujqw rhw[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) GØlUGwry my< Ek gurmqy kw ijÿ BI krqw hy[ Kwlsy ny inxw~x ilxw ik quko~< ki s<$xw ÈXwdw hony ky kwrxw qqww Kwlsy ko Bojn Ev< anky GoVo< ko cwrw n imlny ky kwrxw cwro< Aor PYljwnw Xo^X Qww[ Xh kwm puri bhwduri sy s. su#kw is<g ki AguAwe~ my< ikxw gxw qqww esky bwd Kwlsy ny lkpq rwx ki POj pr pury jæor sy Dwwvw bol idxw[ is<go< ny gm~ qvi jysi ryq ki BI prvwh n ki[ lvwe~ my< BwrI s<$xw my< is<g SwhId hue[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) ny Coty GØlUGwry my< SwhId hue is<go< ki ignqi kw ÑXOrw BI idxw hy[ vy ilkqy hy< ik es smb<dw my< Alg-Alg rwx di jwqi hy : ko khy moe cwli hjæwr[ ko khy is<g bhu BE mwr[ ko khy is<g cwli (cwlis hjæwr) swry[ iq<n sy bcy Cy sq (C:- swq hjæwr) swry[ zwni igawn is<g ny Xh ignqi 7,000 ky lgbg vxw~n ki hy jo XQwwQw~k prqiq hoqi hy[ 'gurmiq zwn' is#k eiqhws qqww gurbwxwi my< dj~ isw@wwao< ªwrw mwnv smwj kw mwg~dsw~n krqi Dwwim~k pizkw hy[ gurbwxwi ky smmwn ko mu$x rkqy hue 'gurmiq zwn' ky pwtk swihbwn sy AnuroDw hy ik vy 'gurmiq zwn' ko pfæny ky bwd esy n qo rd`di my< bycy< qqww n hi EysI jgh pr rky< jhw< eski aicq s<bwl n ho sky[ pizkw ko Xid Gr my< s<bwlkr rkny ki aicq ÛXváQww n ho qo pfæny ky bwd esy iksi imz, irsqydwr Awid ko dy dy< AQwvw iksi gu{ªwrw swihbwn Xw puáqkwlx my< phu<cw dy<[ -s<pwdk[
gurmiq zwn 15 s. hri is<g nluaw : jivn pircx jnm qqww bcpn : srdwr hri is<g nluaw kw jnm 1791 e~. ko s. guridawl is<g (aîpl) ky Gr gujrw<vwlw my< mwqw Dwrm kor ki kok sy huaw[ vy ABI mwz swq v w~ ky Qwy ik 1798 e~. ko anky ipqw kw dyhw<q ho gxw[ pw<c v w~ ki amr my< gurmuki ki pfæwe~ gu{ªwry ky Bwe~ (gr<qwi) sy krny kw irvwjæ Qww[ s. hri is<g nluaw ko es @wyz my< ŸmSw: jpu, jwpu, rhrwis, bwe~ vwrw<, B#q-bwxwI kw ADXXn krwxw gxw[ esky bwd ANX Dwm~-gR<Qw, jysy dsm gr<qw, vwrw< Bwe~ gurdws ji qqww is#k eiqhws gu{ªwro< my< hi pfæwxw jwqw Qww[ es qrh ki pfæwe~ kw emqhwn BI koe~ nhi< ilxw jwqw Qww[ AwT v w~ ki AwXu my< anko molvi sy PwrsI pfæwny kw e<qjwm ikxw[ anky jivn-cirz sy pqw clqw hy ik vy pswqo BI AÇCI qrh bol-ilk qqww pfæ lyqy Qwy[ Swukrc#kIAw imsl ky s. rxwjiq is<g, jo bwd my< Swyry-p<jwb mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g bny, as smx 19 v w~ ky Qwy[ ipqw ki m ËXu ky bwd s. hri is<g nluaw ky jivn ki prwr<ibk AváQww mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g ki ingrwni qly gujri[ mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g drbwirxo< ky bçco< sy bhuq ÎXwr krqy Qwy[ srdwro< ky bhuq-sy bçcy mhwrwjw ki ingrwni my< pfæqy Qwy[ mhwrwjw ny enko GuVsvwrI qqww ANX *VPO SwyKUpurw, ijlw pitxwlw-147002 -fw. SwmSwyr is<g* SwáZ-iv w iskwny kw e<qjwm ikxw huaw Qww[ mhwrwjw ny s. hri is<g nluaw ko honhwr bçcw dykkr ApnI ingrwni my< ly ilxw Qww[ mhwrwjw ny Ek 'bçcw pltn' bnwe~[ asmy< s. hri is<g ko BqI~ kr ilxw qqww prwr<ibk isw@wxw dyny kw e<qjwm krvwxw[ eskw ijÿ fw. mykgrigr ny ApnI puáqk 'ihátöi AWP di is#kjæ', Bwg phlw, p T 227 pr ikxw hy[ mykgrigr ky kqwn ky Anuswr, mhwrwjw hr v w~ Apny Xo wao< smyq rwvi-sqluj dirxw ky mdx phwvo< ki qrp iswkwr Kylny jwxw krqy Qwy[ Swyr ky iswkwr ky ile qir Xw goli clwny ki bjwx qlvwr ªwrw mukwblw krny kw AwdySw idxw jwqw Qww[ jb koe~ jvwn Swyr ko mwr lyqw qo asko <cw djw~ idxw jwqw Qww[ mhwrwjw ny ikqny hi Xo wao< ko açc ikqwb ide Qwy, ijnho<ny es qrh Swyro< kw iswkwr ikxw Qww[ s. hri is<g nluaw 19 v w~ ky Qwy jb anko Swyr kw iswkwr krny kw hu#m huaw Qww[ anho<ny bvi bhwduri sy Swyr ko mwr idxw[ s. hri is<g ko 'srdwri' kw {qbw qqww jwgir ki BI bi$æswsw ki[ eskw ijÿ divwn AmrnwQw AkbrI ny 'jpærnwmw rxwjiq is<g' (PwrsI) ky p T 31-33 pr ikxw hy ik mhwrwjw I Am qsr AwE I drbwr swihb ky dsw~n ike qqww Apny srdwro< ko <cy pd ide[ s. hri is<g nluaw ko ikdmqkwri sy htwkr 'srdwri' ky ikqwb smyq 800 svwr qqww pydl POj
gurmiq zwn 16 di[ s. hri is<g jvwni my< AiªqIX bhwdur, SwáZ-iv w my< inpuxw, AÇCy rwèx-prb<dw ki sujbuj rkny vwly, dur<dyswi {ic ky mwilk bn gxy Qwy[ s. hri is<g nluaw ávbwv, bolcwl, cirzvwn jysy AÇCy guxwo< kw sdkw mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g ki ingwho< my< sëkwr prwîq kr cuky Qwy[ gujærw<vwly ki jwgir : apro#q swry guxwo< ky kwrxw s. hri is<g nluaw ki Swi$æSwXq bvi prbwvswwli bn cuki QwI[ mhwrwjw ky vy Aiq ivsvws vwly qqww BrosyXo^X jrnyl Qwy[ mhwrwjw pvosi hkumqo< sy bwqciq Awid ky smx s. hri is<g ko Brosy my< lyqy Qwy[ en sbi bwqo<, guxwo< qqww dur-a<dyswi kw mwilk hony ky kwrxw mhwrwjw an pr bhuq KuSw Qwy[ s. hri is<g ko gujærw<vwly ki jwgir dy di QwI[ s. hri is<g nluaw ko lwhor sy jb Pus~q imlqi qo vy kuc smx gujærw<vwly my< gujwrqy[ essy phly gujærw<vwly my< AÇCy mkwn BI nhi< Qwy AOr AwbwdI BI e#kwdu#kw QwI[ s. hri is<g nluaw ny Xhw< pr Ek iklw jo phly kçcw Qww, p#kw krvwxw qqww Ek piscmi F<g ki bwrw<dri Ev< AÇCI hvyli bnvwe~; gujærw<vwlw ki gilxw< Ev< kucy p#ky krvwxy, logo< ko aëswh dykr Xhw< bswxw, hr pirvwr ko ÈXwdw sy ÈXwdw suivdwwe< dyny kw XËn ikxw[ lwhor drbwr ky rojænwmcy ky Anuswr s. hri is<g ny 1805 sy 1815 e~. qk l<bw smx mhwrwjw ki ikdmq my < gujæwrw[ rwjnyiqk aljno< qqww j<gi moco~< ko Pqih krny ky ile anko Byjw jwqw Qww[ en ijmmydwirxo< sy s. hri is<g ki <ci Swi$æSwXq kw pqw clqw hy[ 14 mwc~, 1812 e~. ko s. hri is<g ko piscmi ksmir ky elwky sy ds hjæwr {pxy mwlgujwri EkZ kr lwnw BI anki rwèx-prb<dw ky priq kuswlqw kw pqw clqw hy[ 30 jun, 1815 e~. ko kuc is#k GuVsvwr k<ufwgfæ (Atk) ge qo Xhw< ky nvwb Swyrbwjæ Kæwn ny an ispwihxo< pr hmlw kr idxw[ Acwnk hmlw hony ky kwrxw is#k POjo< kw nukswn huaw[ jb s. hri is<g nluaw ny jvwbi kwx~vwhi ki qo Swyrbwjæ Kæwn mydwn CoVkr Bwg gxw[ AwiKr, s. hri is<g nluaw mocw~ Pqih krky lwhor vwips phu<c ge[ mulqwn ki ivjx : mujïpr Kæwn mulqwn kw hwikm cwhy mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g ky ADwIn Qww, pr<qu A<drKwqy APægwno< kw vpæwdwr Qww[ aski Ek Aw<K kwbul ki Aor qqww dusri Aw<K A<gyRjo< ki qrp QwI[ mhwrwjw ny es duivdww vwly elwky ko p#ki qrh sy Apny ADwIn lwny ky ile Ek EkZqw bulwe~, ijsmy< s. hri is<g nluaw, AkwlI PUlw is<g, divwn moqi rwm, imsr divwn c<d hwijær Qwy[ es mwmly ky bwry my< slwh krny ky ile s. hri is<g ko Atk pwr sy ivswy w hu#m Byjkr bulwxw gxw Qww[ jnvri, 1817 e~. ko divwn moqirwm, BvwnIdws, s. hri is<g nluaw qqww ANX srdwro< sihq Ek BwrI POj mulqwn ki Aor ByjI[ mujïpr Kæwn ny phly mukwblw ikxw[ jb dykw ik mukwblw ÈXwdw dyr qk nhi< ho skqw qo BvwnIdws ko A<drKwqy imlkr kuc dyny ki bwq qx kr li, ijs pr BvwnIdws ny mulqwn kw Gyrw atw ilxw[ Xh sb kuc pqw clny pr divwn BvwnIdws ko
< gurmiq zwn 17 mhwrwjw ny ds hjæwr {pxy jumw~nw ikxw qqww hmly ki qjvijæ Agly v w~ pr fwl di[ jnvri, 1818 e~. ko Swhjæwdw KVk is<g ko 25000 jvwno< sihq mulqwn ki muihm pr Byjw[ s. hri is<g nluaw, imsr divwn c<d, AkwlI PUlw is<g, jnrl elwhi jrnylo< sihq Ek bifæxw qopkwnw, ijsko B<igXo< kw qopkwnw khw jwqw Qww, dykr mulqwn ki Aor Byjw[ es qopkwny my< jmjm qop BI Swwiml QwI[ s. hri is<g nluaw es muihm kw muikxw Qww[ en ispwihxo< ny phly hmly< my< hi mujïprgfæ, KæwngFæ Awid elwky shjqw sy hi Apny kñjy my< kr ile[ lvwe~ sy phly ElcI mujïpr Kæwn ky pws Byjy ik smjoqy sy iklw Kwlsy ky hvwly kr dy qqww Kwlsw srkwr sy vwijb jwgir lykr Aml vwli ijæ<dgi jie[ mujïpr Kæwn n mwnw[ asny mukwblw ikxw[ aski POj ki ignqi kyvl do hjæwr QwI[ aski POj lvqi hue~ ikly ky gyt pr phu<c ge~[ iklw bvw mjbuq Qww[ rwswn, golw-bw}d, phly hi jmw Qww[ AwiKr, is<go< ny jmjm qop kw prxog Swu} ikxw, ijssy ikly ki divwry< igrni Swu} ho ge~<[ Xh golwbwri jun mwh qk clqi rhi, ijsny mujïpr Kæwn ko hiqwxwr Py<knyy ko mjbur kr idxw[ AwiKr, Bwe~ swdwu is<g inh<g is<g ny ikly pr hølw bol idxw[ mujïpr Kæwn Apny AwT puzo< sihq ikly ky drvwjy ky Awgy lvqw huaw mr gxw[ gxwysw dws ky 'Pqihnwmw gu} Kwlsw', jo siqwrwm kohli ny s<pwidq ikxw hy, ky p T 146 ky Anuswr, is#k POjy 2 jun, 1818 e~. ko ikly my < dwikæl ho ge~ <[ A<gR yjo< ny es ivjx ko burw mwnw #Xo<ik mujïpr Kæwn A<drKwqy A<gy Rjo< sy imlw huaw Qww[ ksmir pr cfæwe~ : durw~ni hwikm ksmiri ih<duao< ko q<g krqy Qwy ik vy muslmwn bn jwe<[ p<ifq birbl ksmir sy Bwgkr mhwrwjw ky pws lwhor AwXw[ aski khwni sunkr bvw duk huaw[ asky pirvwr ko kyd my< fwl idxw Qww qqww bhu ko kwbul Byj idxw Qww[ Kwlsw ko hu#m huaw ik ksmir pr lvwe~ ki jwe[ es POj my< qis hjæwr jvwn Qwy[ enmy< ih<du, is#k qqww muslmwn Qwy[ es muihm ki qin tukivxw< QwI<[ phli tukvi ki kmw<f Swhjæwdw KVk is<g, s. hri is<g nluaw qqww AkwlI PUlw is<g ky hwqw my< di[ phwvi rwáqw bvw tyfæw Qww[ re~s sulqwn Kæwn ib<br swq v wo~< sy Kwlsw synw ky pws kyd Qww[ asko irhw krky es rwáqy ki jwnphcwn ky ile asko Byjw, #Xo<ik vh es rwáqy sy vwikpæ Qww[ phwvi elwkw hony ky kwrxw Kwlsw POjæ ki mdd ky ile ds hjæwr vir ispwihxo< ko rwswn, golw-bw}d dykr gujrwq, ib<br rwjæori qqww Swwhbwd ky rwáqy Byjw[ Kwlsw POj ki ptwno< ky swqw t#kr hue~[ ptwn mukwblw n kr sky[ dusri t#kr srwx AlI gvn~r ksmir ky swqw hue~[ is#k POj ko nukswn phu<cw, pr<qu hwqwo<-hwqw lvwe~ my< is#k POj BwrI ho ge~[ SwyrgFæ, Ingr Awid jgho< pr is#ko< ny kñjw kr ilxw[ AwiKr, 6 julwe~, 1819 e~. ko is#ko< ki puxw~ ivjx ho ge~[ mhwrwjw ko pqw clw qo anho<ny bhuq KuSwI mnwe~; lwhor qqww I Am qsr my< dipmwlw ki ge~[ s. hri is<g nluaw ki ksmir pr hkumq: ksmir ki hwlq sbi qrp sy Krwb QwI[ AÇCy, Xo^X, prbwvswwli Swwsko< ki j}rq
gurmiq zwn 18 QwI, esile s. hri is<g ko cunw gxw[ divwn moqirwm ki nm~idli ky kwrxw phlw prb<dw AÇCw n Qww[ s. hri is<g nluaw ko jb prb<dw so<pw gxw qo jødi hi TIk-Twk honw Swu} ho gxw[ s. hri is<g ny mhwrwjw ki ejwjæq sy Apny nwm kw is#kw ksmir my< clwxw[ Xh is#kw 6 mwsy cw<di qqww 6 mwsy qw<by kw Qww[ Xh is#kw hri is<giaw {pe~xw ky nwm sy mswhur huaw[ eski kimq Awj pcws pysy ky brwbr hy[ 'hri is<gie pysy' BI tkswl my< Fwly ge[ {pe ky pr I Am qsr qqww lwhor ki tkswl nwnkswwhi is#ky ki qrh PwrsI vxwo~< my< QwI: dygo qygo Pqih nusrq bydr<g[ XwPq Ajæ nwnk gu} goib<d is<g[ eskw AQw~ hy : ''dyg-qyg-pqih ki bi$æswsw ibnw dyr I gu{ nwnk dyv ji qqww I gu{ goib<d is<g ji sy prwîq hue~['' s. hri is<g nluaw ny swlwnw kr ki agrwhi krky lwhor drbwr ko ksmir ky rwèx-kr ki phli iksq Byj di[ kuc ivrodwi logo< ny s. hri is<g nluaw ko nwe<swpæi, Dw#kySwwhI krny vwlw prb<dwk swibq krny ki koiswsw ki[ en iswkwxqo< my< fogrw miaw< is<g kw hwqw Qww[ ih<duao< ko jbrdáqi muslmwn bnwxw jwqw Qww[ ih<duao< ko q<g krny vwly gulwm AlIKæwn ko kyd krky lwhor Byj idxw[ s. nluaw ki niiq in p@w QwI[ ksmir my< @wizx qqww brw³xw, jo muslmwn bny Qwy, q<g krqy Qwy[ anmy< sy kuc ko b<d kr idxw qqww Swy w ko lwhor Byj idxw[ ne muslmwn bny hue logo< ko dobwrw ih<du bnny ki CUt di[ AÇCy prb<dw ky ile ÛXwpwirk @wyz, KyqIbwVI, dáqkwri qqww ANX klw-p@wo< my< Awgy bfæny ky ile aëswihq ikxw[ srkwri mwilxw agrwh kr prjw ki muisklo< ko hl krnw Swu} ikxw qqww Ek kuswl rwèx bn gxw[ s. hri is<g ny ksmir my< kr iblkul KËm kr idxw[ vwi w~k rwèx-kr swt lwk {pxy Qww[ is#k rwèx kwxm hony pr, moqidws ky smx e#kis lwk {pe Qww[ esmy< sy AwT lwk {pe Gtwkr qyrh lwk {pe vwi w~k rhny idxw[ esky Alwvw Pslo< ky Bwv, dukwno< ky qol, gjæo< ky nwm ko kuswl bnwxw[ Xh sb AÇCw prb<dw s. hri is<g nluaw ki smjdwri BrI niiq ky kwrxw hi bnw Qww[ esky bdly my< mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g ny s. hri is<g nluaw ko pkli qqww DwmqoV ky elwky jwgir ky }p my< ide[ 1822 e~. my< mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g ny hjæwro< {pxo< ki njæwmq s. hri is<g nluaw ky hvwly kr di[ s. hri is<g ny phu<cqy hi s. Amr is<g mjiite ky kwiqlo< ko pkvkr qopo< sy avw idxw[ mhwrwjw ny es elwky kw AÇCw prb<dw dykkr hri is<g srwx swlh qqww Ikot ky elwky jwgir ky }p my< dy idxy, jhw< I gu{ hiriÿswn swihb ky nwm pr nxw iklw bnwxw[ Apny nwm pr s. hri is<g ngr ki ni<v rki; ih<du, is#k, muslmwn bswxy[ mulqwn, ksmir qqww pyswwvr ki jiqo< sy mhwrwjw kw qp-qyj AOr bfæ gxw Qww[ adwr e~át e<ifxw k<pni mhwrw tö, mdrws, b<gwl ky rwèxo< pr kñjw krqi hue~ sqluj qk phu <c cuki QwI[ 1827 e~. my< lwf~ Eymrst gvn~r ApnI dur<dyswi sy kolkwqw sy idøli qk syrspwtw krqw huaw iswmlw Aw phu<cw[
gurmiq zwn 19 mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g ny 1809 e~. ki s<idw ky muqwibk A<gyRjI hkumq ky swqw imzqw bnwe~ hue~ QwI[ gvn~r jrnl ky ávwgq ky ile iswmlw is#k imswn Byjnw Qww[ asmy< divwn moqirwm, PkIr AjIju In qqww s. hri is<g nluaw Swwiml Qwy[ bhuq swry is#k nhi< cwhqy Qwy ik 1809 e~. ki s<idw ki mojudgi my< A<gRyjI srkwr sy koe~ AOr Aihdnwmw ikxw jwe pr<qu s. hri is<g nluaw rwjniiq ki bwriikxo< sy vwikpæ Qww[ ropv ki mulwkwq ky smx mhwrwjw ny AnuBv kr ilxw Qww ik A<gyRj is#ko< pr AiDwkwr jmwny ky ke~ qriky Apnw rhy hy<[ }s qqww e~rwn ko rokny ky ile APægwináqwn pr kwbu krnw sik ilxw hy[ pyswwvr cwhy is#ko< ky kñjy my< Qww, pr<qu bwrkjæxi srdwro< ky hwqwo< my< hony ky kwrxw ankw rvyxw TIk nhi< Qww[ pyswwvr pr p#ki qrh sy kñjæw krny ky ile mhwrwjw ko s. hri is<g nluaw hi BrosyXo^X jrnyl idkwe~ dyqw Qww[ s. hri is<g ko mhwrwjw ny bulwxw qqww iklaq, GoVw v ikrc pysw ki AOr hu#m idxw ik dirxw rwvi pwr krky icnwb, asky bwd rwvlip<fi phu <c kr vhw< Atk pwr krky pyswwvr ko puri qrh sy Apny kñjæy my< ilxw jwxy[ eskw ijÿ mu<swi sohn lwl ny 'amdwq qvwrik' ky phly Bwg pnnw 114 pr ikxw hy[ muihm ki Xh ákim s. hri is<g nluaw ko smjw di[ es muihm ky ile s. noinhwl is<g jrnyl bynqurw qqww bhuq-si POj ByjI ge~[ ids<br, 1834 e~. ki bwq hy[ A<gyRj XwZI bn~jæ e~át e<ifxw k<pni ky hu#m sy Atk phu<cw[ s. hri is<g nluaw ny mhwrwjw ky hu#m sy askw ávwgq ikxw qqww iklw Atk idkwxw[ Xh A<gyRj XwZI s. hri is<g nluaw ki idlyri, rwjniiqk sujbuj, dur<dyswi, hwijærjævwbi qqww myhmwninvwji dykkr bhuq prbwivq Ev< prsnn huaw[ 1834 e~. ko s. hri is<g nluaw ny KwngFæ, g<fgfæ Awid elwko< ky Coty-moty ikly kwbu krky hoqi mrdwn ky pws p<jqwr ptwno< ky elwky pr cfæwe~ ki qqww Pqih pwe~[ esky bwd s. hri is<g nluaw ny pyswwvr ky bwrkjæe~ srdwro< ky hwqwo< s<dysw Byjw ik sulqwn muhmmd Kæwn, asky Bwe~ pir muhmmd Kæwn, BqIjw AÑdul ^Xws pyswwvr KwlI krky AlI mrdwn Kæwn ky bwg my< cly jwxy<, #Xo<ik s. noinhwl is<g Swhr dykny ky eçcuk hy<[ es qrh pyswwvr pr kñjæw ho gxw[ iklw bwlw ihswr pr kysri inswwn Julw idxw[ Xh Gtnw 6 me~, 1834 e~. ki hy[ subw srih<d kw rwèx-prb<dw TIk krnw AwvSXk Qww[ XUsPje~ ptwn vwcwl qqww Awjæwd $æxwlo< ky Qwy[ phly hiqwxwr atwxy, jb s. hri is<g swmny AwXw qo sb ny lwcwr hokr hiqwxwr Py<k ide qqww rwèx-kr pyswwvr phu<cwnw Swu} kr idxw[ es elwky ky ptwn s. hri is<g my< bhuq frqy Qwy[ es elwky ki ptwinxw< Apny bçco< ko s. nluaw kw nwm lykr cup krw dyqi QwI< : ''cup Sww bicaw, hriaw rwgly['' s. hri is<g nluaw ny A#lm<d qqww smjdwr ptwno< ko (jo Amn ky eçcuk Qwy) mhwrwjw sy jwgiry< idlvw di<[ Xy ptwn Kæwndwn hoqi mrdwn, p<jqwr qqww pyswwvr ky rhny vwly Qwy, ijnko jwgiry< di<[ 1836 e~. ko srih<d pr Xu ky bwdl m<frwny lgy[ pqw clw ik doáq muhmmd Kæwn
gurmiq zwn 20 cfæwe~ kr rhw hy[ hjæwro< my< gkvw kulw< di gvbv qqww mujïprwbwd my< BI logo< ªwrw bgwvq krny ki Kbry< phu<ci[ pyswwvr sy Awgy iklw imlni, iklw bvw, buj~ hri is<g, kçci gfæi Awid sn` 1835-36 e~. my< qyxwr krvwxy Qwy[ jmrod ki lvwe~ kw Awr<B 21 ApRYl, 1837 e~. ko ikly sy bwhr dusmn ki Anignq POjy< QwI<[ dusrw hmlw 28 ApRYl, 1837 e~. ko huaw[ s. mhw< is<g ky 800 jvwno< ny bvi bhwduri idkwe~[ dusmn cwhy Aw<DwI ki Bw<iq Awgy bfæw, pr<qu ikly my< pw<v n rk skw[ lwhor sy ABI koe~ shwxqw nhi< imli QwI[ 28-29 ApRYl, 1837 e~. ko pyswwvr pr s. hri is<g nluaw ny cfæwe~ ki[ 1000 GuVsvwr, 6000 pydl, 6000 POj, 20 qopy<, golw-bw}d, s. hri is<g ny Kud kmw<f s<bwl[ anky hosly bul<d Qwy[ dusmn kw hmlw bvi idlyri sy huaw[ is#k POj ny dusrw hmlw 30 ApRYl, 1837 e~. ko ikxw; 'siq I Akwl' ky jykwry gjwqy hue APægwno< ko picy htw idxw[ drw~ KYbr qk kw mydwn swpæ kr idxw[ Pqih ky bwd kuc mncly ptwno< ny Cupkr s. hri is<g nluaw pr hmlw ikxw[ phli goli jw<g my< AOr dusri v@w (CwqI) my< lgi[ s. nluaw j$æmi ho ge AOr ipr SwhId ho ge[ (Anuvwdk-- s. gurpriq is<g Bomw) kivqw sçcw prym - I prsww<q AgRvwl* prym ki ghrwexo< my< SwÑd, jw skqy nhi<[ prym kw swgr hy ghrw, Qwwh pw skqy nhi<[ prym-swgr ki sqh pr, SwÑd hy< bs folqy[ prym kw ápsw~ pw, qsvir Dwu<DwlI Kolqy[ prym Eysw Bwv jo, mn ki srlqw my< bsy[ prym my< Xid Gwv imlqw, Awh BI miti lgy[ prym ki m<ijl n hoqi, rwh my< sb rs brsqy[ prym ho sçcw Agr qo, Sww<iq sy prymw u Jrqy[ prym ki Xh hy ksoti, ávwqw~ Xw dubw~v n ho[ prym hy <cw vhi, ijsmy< n koe~ cwhnw ho[ prym my< inj ËXwg ko, prymi sdw qyxwr rhqy[ miq kw hi ihq sdwy, Xh sockr sb k t shqy[ cwh puri Xw ADwUrI, prym n Gtqw kbi[ Pl lgy< mity Xw KÆy, prymq{ mrqw nhi<[ prym pwny my< nhi< hy, prymrs dyny my< imlqw[ ËXwg ki m{ BUim pr, sëprym kw bwdl brsqw[ gurmiq my< prym kw, áqwwn hy bvw <cw[ gurmuk vhi ijskw, jivn hy scw-sucw[ gurmuk prymi prbu ko, prym ªwrw pw lyqy hy<[ Kud mu#q hokr AOro< ko, jiny ki rwh bqw dyqy hy <[ *40, bjirxw moqilwl, bryli-243003 (a. pr.), mo. : 09411607672
gurmiq zwn 21 swkw pwa<tw swihb kw Eyiqhwisk v Áw<q 1823 e~. my< Coty m<ji swihb vwly áqwwn pr gu{ªwrw I pwa<tw swihb ki ne~ emwrq kw inmw~xw Bwe~ ibswn is<g ky v<swj bwbw kpur is<g ji ny krvwxw[ es gurdwwm ky nwm lgbg svw so EkV jæmin BI lgi hue~ QwI[ gu{ªwrw pwa<tw swihb kw mh<q Bwe~ lihxww is<g bhuq hi e~mwndwr qqww nykidl e<swn Qww[ jilxw< vwly bwg ky KæUnI swky ky smx vo bwg my< Qww qqww golikw<f my< SwhId hony sy bc gxw Qww[ p<qw my< askw bhuq mwn-sëkwr Qww[ jb mh<q Bwe~ lihxww is<g ko gu{ªwro< ky prb<dw ky ile bni 'iswromixw gu{ªwrw prb<dwk kmyti' ky bwry my< pqw clw qo asny Kud hi cwibxw< lykr I Am qsr phu<ckr prb<dw p<qwk hwqwo< ly lyny ky ile ivnqi ki[ p<qw ny mh<q ki kubw~ni qqww nmrqw dykkr asko syvw-s<bwl so<py rkny kw Alg práqwv pwirq ikxw[ mh<q ky Akwl clwxwy ky bwd asky puz guridawl is<g ny gu{ªwrw swihb pr Apnw hk smjqy hue kñjw kr ilxw qqww ApnI mnmwinxw< Ev< kuriiqxw< krni Swu} kr di<[ 1950-51 e~. my< inh<g is<g qrnw dl hriaw< vylw< ky jëqwydwr bwbw hrbjn is<g ji Apny jëqwy ky swqw gu{ªwrw pwa<tw swihb ky dsw~n ky ile ge[ as smx gu{ªwrw swihb kw prb<dw guridawl is<g ky pws Qww[ asny gu{-áqwwn ko ApnI inji jwxdwd bnw *s<pwdk, gurmiq zwn/ gurmiq prkwsw -ismrjiq is<g* ilxw huaw Qww qqww gu{ªwrw swihb ki bhuq swri jæmin Apny nwm pr qbdil krvw li QwI[ jb bwbw hrbjn is<g ny gu{ªwrw swihb kw burw prb<dw dykw qqww elwky ki s<gq ny bwbw ji ko guridawl is<g ky kwrnwmo< sy vwikpæ krvwxw qo bwbw ji ny s<gq sy slwh krky mh<q ko gu{ªwrw swihb kw prb<dw TIk krny ky ile khw[ bwbw ji ny es kwx~ ky ile 21 is<go< ki Ek kmyti bnw di, ijskw sdáx mh<q guridawl is<g ko BI bnwxw gxw[ bwbw ji ny mh<q guridawl is<g ko rihq mxw~dw my< jivn ibqwny ki s$æq qwvnw ki[ kuc smx qk qo mh<q TIk rhw[ gu{ªwrw swihb ki Awmdn kmyti s<bwlny lgi jo ik nwmmwz QwI qqww gu{ªwrw swihb ki swri jæmin ki Awmdn mh<q s<bwlqw Qww[ kmyti bnny sy mh<q BIqr sy bhuq duki Qww #Xo<ik Ab asko mnmwni krny kw mokw nhi< imlqw Qww[ bwbw ji ky cly jwny ky bwd mh<q guridawl is<g ny ipr kuriiqxw< krni Swu} kr di<[ elwky ki s<gq ny ipr bwbw hrbjn is<g ky pws jwkr gu{ªwrw swihb ky prb<dw my< sudwwr krny ki ivnqi ki[ jb bwbw ji dl smyq pwa<tw swihb phu<cy qo mh<q bwbw ji ko lyny ky ile AwXw