sicv, Dwm~ prcwr kmyti (iswromixw gu{ªwrw prb<dwk kmyti)

Transkrypt

1 gurmiq zwn 3 > < siqgur prswid ] > gur igawn A<jn scu nyzi pweaw ] A<qir cwnxwu AigAwnu A<Dwy{ gvweaw ] iv wx-suci ISSN mwisk vyswk-èxy T, s<vq` nwnkswwhi 550 vˆw~ 11 A<k 9 mu$x s<pwdk : ismrjiq is<g s<pwdk : sqiv<dr is<g PUlpur shwxk s<pwdk : jgjiq is<g swlwnw (dysw) AwjIvn (dysw) swlwnw (ivdysw) priq kwpi c<dw 10 {pxy 100 {pxy 250 {pxy 3 {pxy c<dw Byjny kw pqw sicv, Dwm~ prcwr kmyti (iswromixw gu{ªwrw prb<dwk kmyti) I Am qsr swihb Pon : E#sty<Swn n<br ivqrxw ivbwg 303 s<pwdkix ivbwg 304 PY#s : gyan_gurmat@yahoo.com website : gurbwxwi ivcwr 4 s<pwdkix AwlyK 5 -sqiv<dr is<g PUlpur A<Sw-v<Sw srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw 9 -fw. g<fw is<g (idv<gq) Dwm~-Dvj srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw 12 -s. bliv<dr is<g jovwis<gw srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw 18 -fw. jiq is<g 'siql' srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw o. kwsw is<g (idv<gq)... ikdrwxwy ki j<g 30 -fw. jgjivn is<g mwqw Bwg kor ji bibi div<dr kor Cotw GØlUGwrw 39 -fw. kswmir is<g 'nur' Swbd s<g (kivqw) 41 -fw. suir<drpwl is<g is#k eiqhws ki gorv-gwqww : srih<d-pqh 42 -fw. rwjy<«is<g 'swihl' gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb 44 -fw. hrbjn is<g gurmiq kw mhwn is w<q : ikrq kro 50 -fw. sëxy<«pwl is<g srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw (kivqw) 56 - I rmysw b^gw cohlw Kæbrnwmw 57

2 gurmiq zwn 4 gurbwxwi ivcwr hir jyit juv<dw loviey ijsu AgY sib inv<in ] hir sjxw dwvixw ligaw iksy n dye~ b<in ] mwxwk moqi nwmu B an lgy nwhi s<in ] r<g sby nwrwexwy jyqy min Bv<in ] jo hir lovy so kry soe~ jia kr<in ] jo ib kiqy Awpxwy sye~ khiaih Dw<in ] Awpxw liaw jy imly ivcuiv ika rov<in ] swdwu s<gu prwpqy nwnk r<g mwxw<in ] hir jytu r<gilw iqsu DwxwI ijs ky Bwgu mqw<in ]4] (pºw 134) p<cm pwqswwh bwrh mwhw mw<j ki es pwvn pavi my< ÈXy T mws ky vwqwvrxw AOr es mws my< ki jwny vwli jiv-jgq ki iÿxwao< ki p TBUim my< mnu X jivn }pi v w~ ky es K<f ko Bu-nwm ky ÛXi#qgq mnn AOr swmuihk AQwvw s<gqi ivcwr ªwrw spl krny kw sumwg~ bi$swsw krqy hy<[ gu{ ji Prmwn krqy hy< ik ÈXy T mws my< prmwëmw sy AQwvw asky nwm sy juvnw cwihe ijs prmwëmw ky sm@w sbi Jukqy hy< AQwvw jo sv~swi#qmwn hy[ prmwëmw Eysw imz hy ijskw dwmn pkvny sy jiv ko koe~ bw<dw nhi< skqw AQww~q` Xmo< Xw m ËXu kw BX hmko BXBIq nhi< krqw[ gu{ ji kqwn krqy hy< ik sw<swirk log wx: moiqxo< ko wîq krnw cwhqy hy< AOr wîq krky ipr vy es s<swx my< ic<iqq rhqy hy< ik khi< es AmUØX moqi ko koe~ cor curwkr n ly jwe[ prmwëmw kw pwvn nwm hi Eysw ivswy w moqi hy ijsko koe~ cori nhi< kr skqw[ mnu X ko nwm kw Dwwrk bn kr sdivi suk, Awn<d imlqw hy[ ijqny BI r<g hmko AÇCy lgqy hy< vy sb prmwëmw ky hi r<g hy<[ prmwëmw ki mhwn eçcw hi cwro< Aor brqqi hy[ sb jiv vhi krqy hy< jo prmwëmw ko AÇCw lgqw hy[ ijn jivo< ko prmwëmw ny Apnw bnw ilxw hy AQww~q` jo jiv aski sçci áquiq my< lgy hy< anko SwwbwSw kho[ mwz inj Xws sy (Xid prmwëmw ki eçcw n ho) qo kuc BI nhi< hoqw[ Xid Eysw s<bv ho skqw hoqw qo koe~ BI jiv n Bu-nwm sy ibcuvqw, n hi duki hoqw[ siqgu{ ji Prmwn krqy hy< ik ijnko swdwu AQwvw siqgu{ kw swqw iml jwe vy Awn<d- s º rhqy hy<[ ijn mnu Xo< ky máqk ky Bw^X jwg q ho jwqy hy< anko ÈXy T kw xw Ev< Swu k mws BI r<g-awn<d sy BrpUr lgqw hy[

3 gurmiq zwn 5 s<pwdkix AwlyK... gu{ swihbwn ky }hwni imswn ki inr<qrqw Qww srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw kw jivn-s<g w~ -sqiv<dr is<g PUlpur* kuc Swi$æsXqy< Apny jivn }pi pdy~ pr Eysw ikrdwr inbw jwqi hy< ijnky cly jwny ky bwd BI log anky <cy AwdSwo~< AOr mhwn kwmo< ko Xwd kr anhy< isjdw krqy hy<[ en mhwn Swi$æsXqo< kw sdkw hi komy< jiqi hy< AOr en pr sdw PKR krqi hy<[ is#k p<qw my< esi Œ <Klw ki PKR krny Xo^X Ek Swi$æsXq hy-- srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw, ijnho<ny Apnw purw jivn juøm AOr ANXwX kw KwËmw krky sëx, Dwm~ AOr NXwXkwrI rwèx ki áqwwiîq ky ile smip~q kr idxw[ bvy kwrnwmo< ky picy AvSX hi koe~ bvw AwdSw~ kwx~swil hoqw hy, esile srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky jivn-s<g w~ ki gu{ swihbwn ky }hwni imswn ky s<g my< dykny kw XËn ÈXwdw NXwXs<gq hogw[ jb I gu{ nwnk pwqswwh ny nwnk inm~l p<qw ki ni<v rki qo mwnvqw ky swmny ''is{ Dwir qli gli myri Awa'' kw Ahd rkw gxw[ ''is{ dijy kwixw n kijy'' (puxw~ AwËmsmp~xw) es Ahd ki jæ}ri Swq~ QwI[ Apny pyrokwro< sy eqnw bvw Ahd lynw AOr eqni kitn Swq~ rkni iksi bvy Xug-pirvq~n ki qyxwri kw qik Qww[ es Ahd ki pqo~< my< sidxo< ki Bwrq ki XuggdI~ ki ^lwin ky l@wxw ''alti vwv Kyq ka Kwe~'' AOr ''vrqy pwp ibrsit s<swrw'' icpy hue Qwy, ijs kwrxw dysw my< nprq, JgVw, pwp, BydBwv, KudgjæI~ AOr Dw#kySwwhI PYlI hue~ QwI[ as smx Bwrq my< bvi do komy< QwI<, ijnmy< Ek dlyr, mgr jæwilm AOr dusri bujæidl QwI[ en dono< ky AiáqËv my< ijæ<dgi kw s<quln nhi< bn skqw Qww AOr n hi AwdSw~ smwj ki køpnw ki jw skqi QwI[ mwnvqw ki iq ko bdlny ky ile I gu{ nwnk pwqswwh ny sidxo< sy duëkwry mjælumo< ko gly sy lgwxw[ bwki gu{ swihbwn ny es imswn ki puiq~ ky ile Apnw BrpUr Xogdwn idxw[ I gu{ Arjn dyv ji ny es imswn ko mjæbuq bnwny ky ile Swhwdq di[ novy< pwqswwh I gu{ qyg bhwdr swihb ny ApnI Swhwdq s y''is{ dijy kwixw n kijy'' AOr ''bwih ijnw di pkviey isr dijy bwih n CoVIEy'' vwly gurmiq AwdSw~ ko ÛXvhwirk }p sy kt krky idkwxw[ dsm pwqswwh I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ny ''is{ Dwir qli gli myri Awa'' vwly Ahd ki pri@ww lykr bujæidli AOr juøm sy mu#q AwdSw~ swmwijk s<gtn Kwlsw p<qw ki s jnw ki[ Kud pw<c ÎXwro< sy K<fy-bwty ki pwhul Ck kr gu{-cyly kw Byd imtw idxw[ jæwilmo<, hmlwvro< AOr mjælumo< ki sur@ww ky ile I gu{ qyg bhwdr swihb ''bwih ijnw di pkviey isr dijy bwih n CoVIEy'' vwli vcnb qw ky ªwrw mwg~ Swáq kr ge Qwy[ esko Awgy guris#ko< ny clwnw Qww, #Xo<ik Kwlsw p<qw ki s jnw ky swqw gu{, cyly *s<pwdk[ Pon :

4 gurmiq zwn 6 my< AByd ho cukw Qww[ juøm kw nwsw krky mjælumo< ki sur@ww ky ile cwr swihbjæwdo<, mwqw gujri ji AOr As<$X is<go< ny Swhwdq di[ Apny AwiKrI smx srv<swdwni ipqw ji ny nw<dyv ki DwrqI sy bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ko is<g sjwkr mjælumo< ki bw<h pkvny ky ile p<jwb ki qrp Byjw[ juøm kw nwsw krqy hue As<$X is<g-is<ginxo<, bçco<, bujugo~< smyq bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ki Swhwdq hue~[ gu{ swihbwn ky AwSwX vwly AwdSw~ ivnmr rwèx ki áqwwiîq ky ile bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ki Swhwdq ky bwd is#k s<grwm ki bhuq l<bi dwáqwn hy[ esi my< nvwb kpur is<g ky bwd mjælumo< ki bw<h pkvny vwlw Xh dyvi ká~ûx srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw qk phu<cw[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny es ká~ûx ko gurmiq AwdSwo~< ky Anuswr inbwxw[ mwnvix hko<, p<qw ki cfædi klw, dysw ki sur@ww AOr mjælumo< ki syvw ky ile Apnw purw jivn smip~q kr idxw[ sidxo< sy juøm ki qlvwr ky nicy lqwvy BwrqIXo< ko jæwilm ki qlvwr ky Awgy sinw qwn kr Awrwm ki ijæ<dgi jiny kw mokw dwn ikxw[ gjæni ky bwjæwro< my< Apmwinq hoqi BwrqIX ih<du iázxo< ki Awb} ko bcwxw AOr 'sur@ww b<dw' lwgu krky logo< ki jwn-mwl ki sur@ww kw ijmmw Kwlsw jëqwo< ko so<pw[ en xwdwwri jëqwo< (imslo<) ny Bwrq ki sidxw<b gulwmi ki j<jiro< ko qovkr vh krky idkwxw jo ''A<qir pujw pvih kqybw'' vwly dini smjoqwvwdi komo< sy hjæwro< swlo< my< nhi< ho skw Qww AOr n honw Qww[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky smx mugilxw hkumq ki s$æqi ky kwrxw is#ko< ky hwlwq ''Gr qy kfy su bxw luky< bn qij nir lukwih[ jl mih luky< qo nih bcy< kho is<g kq jwih<['' ( wcin p<qw kwsw) vwly Qwy[ Eysy hwlwq my< p<qw kw nyq Ëv krky p<qw ko jëqwyb<d krnw AOr p<qw ko cfædi klw my< rk kr juøm ky iv{ s<g w~ ko inr<qr jwri rknw srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky kd ko AOr <cw krqw hy[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw Apny DwmI~ ÛXvhwr, ivnmr ávbwv, smjdwri AOr propkwri kwmo< ky kwrxw duinxw ky swmny sëxvwdi, AwdSw~ guris#k ki imswl bny[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky jivn-awdsw~ ko smjny ky ile hm Xh jwnny kw XËn kry<gy ik inji ávwqw~ sy pr at kr p<qw AOr mwnvqw ky ile Apnw swrw jivn Ap~xw kr dyny vwlw propkwri ikrdwr bnqw kysy hy? ''Apnw ibgwir ibrw<nw sw<fy'' vwli Bwvnw kysy aëpº hoqi hy? ApnI ij<ædgi ky s<g w~ AOr wiîqxo< ko p<qw ki gribinvwjæi bqwny jysi nmrqw khw< sy AwqI hy? q$æqo-qwj hwisl hony pr Kwlsw BweXo< ky ile q$æq CoV kr Alg hony ki smjdwri ky picy kon-sy AwdSw~ kwm krqy hy<? en sbi AwdSw~ guxwo< ko gurmiq jivn-xui#q my< sy qlwsww jw skqw hy[ gu{ swihbwn kw jo jgq jl<dy ky abwr kw }hwni imswn Qww, ijsko anho<ny AwiKr my< Kwlsw p<qw ko so<pnw Qww, Kwlsw p<qw ky ªwrw aski s<puxw~qw ky ile Kwlsy kw <cy eklwk vwlw ikrdwr bnwnw Aiq jæ}ri Qww[ gu{ swihbwn ny Apny is#ko< ko syvw, ismrn, Am q vylw, inánym, kiq~n Awid As<$X rhmqo< ky swqw invwjw[ I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ny Kwlsw ko pw<c-kkwri rihq mxw~dw ky Dwwrk bnwxw[ es DwrqI pr gurmiq AwdSw~ ko

5 gurmiq zwn 7 swkwr krny ky ile Kwlsy ko Apnw qyj bi$æswsw krny kw vcn idxw[ gu{ swihbwn ky qyj kw pwz bnny ky ile Xh Swq~ QwI ik Kwlsw ny pw<c-kkwri rihq AOr gu{ swihbwn ªwrw bqwe NXwry AwdSwo~< ko kwxm rknw Qww, #Xo<ik NXwry AwdSwo~< vwli mxw~dw ky sw<cy my< Fl kr hi AwdSw~ jivn kw Awkwr bnqw hy qqww syvw AOr ismrn ki swdwnw ky swqw es AwdSw~ jivn my< pirp#vqw AwqI hy[ es qrh sdww huaw }hwni jivn hi in:ávwqw~, propkwri AOr p<qw áq ho skqw hy[ Xid EysI propkwri AOr p<qw áq Swi$æsXqy< kom ky AguAw ho< qbi p<qw ki ni<v mjæbuq bnqi hy[ jb hm srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky jivn ko dykqy hy< qo pqw clqw hy ik anky apro#q guxwo< vwly AwdSw~ jivn ki bnwvt bcpn sy hi ApnI mwqw ji ky gurmiq s<ákwro< ky ªwrw GVI ge~ QwI[ qbi vy gurmiq rihq mxw~dw ky puxw~ Dwwrk, Am q vylw s<bwlny vwly, inánymi, kiq~n- ymi, syvw ky pu<j, nwm ky rise, <cy eklwk vwly, kqwni ky pury AOr krni ky sury bny[ anho<ny gu{ swihb ky vcn ''jb lg Kwlsw rhy inawrw'' ko Apny jivn my< Fwlw huaw Qww, esile klgidwr ipqw ji ny anko Apnw qyj bi$æswsw ikxw Qww[ s. rqn is<g (B<gU) kw kqwn-- ''jásw is<g KwE bwe~ Gwe[ qo BI is<g ji lvqo jwe['' kyvl Eyiqhwisk Gtnw hi nhi<, biøk esko gurmiq PlsPy ky }hwni p@w sy dykw jwnw cwihe[ KurpI sy KopVI aqrvwny vwly, Awry sy ciry jwny vwly, b<d-b<d ktvwny vwly, jmuro< sy mw<s ik<cvwny vwly AOr 22 j$æm lgny ky bwd BI sëx-awdsw~ ky ile lvny vwly gurmiq jivn-xui#q ko ávi q hue vhi DwmI~< pu{ w Qwy jo ''is{ Dwir qli... '' vwlw puxw~ AwËmsmp~xw kw xw purw kr I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ki gli my< AwE Qwy[ enmy< purjwpurjw kwty jwny pr BI mydwn n CoVny vwlw jèæbw d Fæ Qww[ iksi ko Ek Gwv lg jwe qo vh KUn bh jwny sy byhosw hokr igr pvqw hy[ 22 Gwv lgy qo KUn BI bhuq bhw hogw, pr<qu ijn rgo< my< K<fy-bwty ky Am q ki Dwwrw cl rhi ho vh bwhri j$æmo< ky swqw nhi< bhqi[ A<dr jo vwihgu{ gu{-m<z kw jwp cl rhw Qww vh bwhri j$æmo< ky swqw {kqw nhi<, bs, asi ky shwry srdwr swihb lvqy jw rhy Qwy[ anky ile SwrIr ki bjwx gu{ ky imswn ko purw krnw AOr komi AwËmsMmwn ko bcwnw ÈXwdw j}ri Qww[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw pr gu{ swihbwn ki Apwr bi$æswsw QwI, ijs kwrxw vy juøm ki ni<v ko ihlw kr Amn, Sww<iq vwlw NXwXkwrI rwèx áqwwipq krny ky smqw~ hue[ ''pwiqswhi Bgq jnw ka idqianu isir Cqu scw hir bxwwe'' ky mhwvw#x ky Anuswr gu{-}p Kwlsw p<qw ny anky Bi#q-Bwv AOr p<qwk-syvwao< ky bdly kom kw pwqswwh AOr sulqwn-al-kom kh kr invwjw AOr gu{-bi$æswsw kw sdkw hi srdwr swihb ko idøli kw CZ-q$æq hwisl huaw[ gu{-bi$æswsw kw sdkw p<qw ki syvw krny ky ile Awp ji ko buf`fw dl ky muk, dlw Kwlsw ky muk, imslo< ky s<áqwwpk, AwhlUvwilXw imsl ky

6 gurmiq zwn 8 muk hony jysy açc murwqby hwisl hue[ en sb {qbo< ko anho<ny inji lwlsw sy pr at kr p<qwk Swi#q ko mjæbuq krny ky ile eáqymwl ikxw[ srdwr swihb ko swri amr, bs, Ek hi pwqswwhi ki lwlsw rhi, vo QwI ''nwim rqy pwiqswh'' vwli[ duinxw ky eiqhws my< q$æqo<-qwjo< ky ile kël-ao-gwrq hoqi dykny ko imlqi hy[ mugl bwdswwihxo< my< q$æq ki Kwiqr ipqw Apny puz ko AOr puz Apny hi ipqw ko kël krvwqy rhy hy<, pr<qu srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw kw AwdSw~ m<qûx ''sb sukwli vutiaw'' vwly ivnmr rwèx ko swkwr krnw Qww, q$æq hwisl krnw nhi<[ qbi anho<ny idøli kw q$æq Apny gu{-bwexo< ky ile CoV idxw[ Xh rwj-syvw ki bvi AwdSw~ imswl hy[ gurmiq AwdSwo~< sy KwlI mnu X EysI imswl pydw krny ky smqw~ nhi< hoqy, biøk vy qo dusro< kw eáqymwl krky Kud qwj-ao-q$æq ky mwilk bnny ki socqy hy<[ vq~mwn my< srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ki EysI imswl sy sbk lykr p<qw ki syvw ki jw skqi hy[ Apny rw töix nwxko<, SwUrvIr Xo wao< ky mhwn kwrnwmo< ko jgq ky swmny kt krnw, anky <cy AwdSwo~< sy idsww lykr rw töix aºiq ki qrp AgRsr honw, kom ky aárwidwkwirxo< kw nyiqk Pj~ hoqw hy[ hmy< srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky jivn-awdsw~ sy idsww lyqy hue Awny vwli piifæxo< my< srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw jysy DwmI~ nyqw bnwny ki jæ}rq hy[ A<mRq vyly vwe duqwrw Awsw vwr lgwe~[ mwqw suq ki sur rwsili BrI prym rs gwe~[ sunky is<g srb KuiSw QwIE Ar hvwl sun swrw[ is<g kpur nvwb KuSwI ho bwlk qe~ hkwrw[ ApnI god vic bytw ky dino ÎXwr bdwyry[ pw<c AsRPI Krc idvwxo puz kih ky tyry[ bwg is<g ny hwqw jov qb vic divwn AlwXo[ eh puzylw BXo Awp kw hm godi quv pwxo[ eh sun p<qw Kwlsy Jt pt sodw Ardwsw diao[ jsw is<g nvwb kw puz qb hi qy prgtiao[ (p<qw kwsw, zwni igawn is<g)

7 gurmiq zwn 9 A<Sw-v<Sw srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw v<swwvli jyslmyr ky BÆI rwj-grwny sy s<b<idwq : AwhlUvwilXw Kwndwn cwhy Awm qor pr klwl Kwndwn nwm sy is hy, pr<qu kpurqwlw kw rwj-grwnw ApnI v<swwvli jyslmyr AOr BÆI rwj-grwny ky swqw imlqi mwnqw hy[ Xh Grwnw rwjáqwwn ky do-cwr Kws is Grwno< my< sy hy AOr Apny bwhubl, SwUrvIrqw qqww AwËm-sMmwn ky ile Kws mwn- iq Tw ky swqw dykw jwqw rhw hy[ gj nwmk Ek qwpi rwjw ny }mi AOr KurwswnI bwdswwho< ky hmly rokny ky ile Apny nwm pr gjæni kw iklw bnwxw[ esny do-qin bwr phly KurwswinXo< ko mwr BgwXw Qww, pr<qu jb Ek hmly ky smx KurwswinXo< AOr }imxo< ki imi q bhus<$xw ky Awgy koe~ pysw jwqi n dyki qo asny Apnw pirvwr-kbilw, Apny puz swilbwhn ky swqw purb idsww ki qrp p<jwb ko Byj idxw AOr Apny Awp do hjæwr swiqwxo< sihq gjæni ki rxwbuim my< lv mrw[ p<jwb phu<c kr swilbwhn ny Apny ile Ek nxw rwèx kwxm kr ilxw AOr 8 Bwdo<, s<vq` 372 ko Swhr swilbwhnpur ki ni<v rki[ Xh Swhr Ab isxwlkot nwm sy is hy[ Xh BI khw jwqw hy ik isxwlkot pw<fvo< sy s<b<idwq rwjw SwØl ny bswxw Qww[ swilbwhn, #Xo<ik asi SwØl -fw. g<fw is<g (idv<gq) ki kul my< sy Qww, esile asny ne Swhr kw nwm qo swilbwhnpur rkw, mgr purwny ikly kw nwm SwØlkot hi rhny idxw[ SwØlkot nwm phly kw cilq hony ky kwrxw Swhr BI SwØlkot, islkot, isxwlkot is ho gxw[ swilbwhn p<jwb kw Ek aºiqswil Xo w huaw hy[ esny Sw#ko< ki p<jwb ki qrp bfæqi Aw rhi BIV ko mulqwn sy lgbg swt mil ki duri pr khrov ky mydwn my< vh mwr mwri QwI ik kwpi smx qk anki ipr edwr mu<h krny ki ihmmq n hue~[ es jiq ny eski eqni cfæwe~ kr di ik esny Apnw nwm hi Sw#k ArI (Swk- ArI), Sw#ko< kw SwZu is kr ilxw AOr esi jiq ki KuSwI my< esny Apnw s<vq` (Swk s<vq`) BI clw idxw[ Xh sn` 78 e~. sy Swu} hoqw hy[ swilbwhn kw poqw BÆI Ek is Xo w huaw hy, ijsky nwm pr esky bwd es Grwny kw nwm Xwdo BÆI mswhur ho gxw[ Aws-pws wiîqxw< kr esny Apny elwky ko kwpi bvw kr ilxw[ ke~ piifæxo< qk eski s<qwn purbi p<jwb ky Ek bvy ihásy pr rwèx krqi rhi, pr<qu jb muslmwno< ny sv~ Qwm p<jwb pr hmly krny Swu} ike qo BÆI p<jwb ko CoV kr l#ki j<gl AOr bikwnyr ky mw{áqwlo< ko inkl ge[ áqwwnix invwisxo< ky swqw lv-jgv kr enho<ny Xhw<

8 gurmiq zwn 10 Apny pyr jmw ile AOr qnot my< ApnI rwjdwwni bnw li[ Xh qnot ABI qk jyslmyr ky elwky my< ikswngfæ sy my< Ek is Swhr hy[ smx ky hyr- Pyr ny enko ÈXwdw smx qk qnot Thrny n idxw[ Xhw< sy inkl kr ida rwj, ijsny BÆI Kwndwn my< sbsy phly 'rwvl' kw ikqwb Apny nwm ikxw Qww, ny s<vq` 909 my< ida rwvl (idagfæ) iklw bnwxw[ bwd my< Xh nwm ibgv kr ida rwvr ho gxw AOr Ab fyrwvv hokr bhwvlpur ky elwky my< hy[ ida rwvr sy rwjdwwni bdl kr lodrvw ly jwe~ ge~, mgr Xh jgh SwZu ko rok skny ky ile AÇCI swibq n hue~[ A<qq: swvn sudi 11-12, s<vq` 1212 ko rwvl jysl ny izkuti phwvi pr Ek gfæ rcw AOr askw nwm jysmlyr rkw[ jb Alwa In iklji ny jyslmyr ikly AOr Swhr ko lut kr bbw~d kr idxw qo kuc BÆI vhw< sy inkl kr p<jwb my< Aw bsy AOr kuc ny vhi< icp kr musibq ky idn kwt ile qqww mokw pwkr pun: jyslmyr pr jw kñjæw ikxw[ Akbr ny rwxww qulsi sy aski lvki ki mw<g ki : rwvl jysl ky AwT puz Qwy[ enmy< sy krn AOr Dwm bhuq is hue hy<[ rwvl krn ki s<qwn Awj qk jyslmyr my< mojud hy[ kuc bygyrq rwjpuqo< ny muglo< sy lvikxo< ki SwwdI krni Swu} kr di qo Akbr bwdswwh ny jyslmyr BiÆXo< sy BI mw<g ki[ as smx rwxww hr rwx jyslmyr ki g I pr Qwy[ anky Gr koe~ lvki nhi< QwI, esile Xh mw<g anky Bwe~ rwxww qulsi sy ki ge~[ vy Ek ávwibmwni ÛXi#q Qwy[ anho<ny Apmwn Bry 'suki' jivn ki bjwx gribi ávikwr kr li AOr Gr-bwr ËXwg kr pirvwr sihq p<jwb Aw gxy[ kuc dyr Xy bit<fw rhy[ ipr enky puz-poz l#ki j<gl my< iprojæpur ky smip biv A<br hr my< Aw ge[ jb Xhw< pr BI Thrwv n ho skw qo Xh pirvwr qrnqwrn ky gork c#k gw<v my< Aw bsw[ p<jwb ky jæo< (jwt) ki GnI jns<$xw my< rhny ky kwrxw vy anmy< Gul-iml ge AOr anky swqw irsqy-nwqy krny lgy[ es qrh DwIry-DwIry Xy pury jæ bn ge[ is#k p<qw ky swqw enkw s<b<dw CTy siqgu{ I gu{ hirgoib<d swihb ky smx sy Awr<B hoqw hy jbik Bwe~ synw is<g AOr ankw puz Bwe~ vdwwvw is<g siqgu{ ki du t-dmn POj my< BqI~ hue[ enhi< idno< Xy qrnqwrn ky inkt gw<v guèjr c#k my< rhqy Qwy[ Xy dono< ipqwpuz bvy idlyr, SwUrvIr Qwy AOr enho<ny siqgu{ ky swqw Xu o< my< bfæ-cfæ kr syvw ki[ es kwrxw I gu{ hirgoib<d swihb en pr bhuq sº Qwy[ Bwe~ vdwwvw is<g kw puz Bwe~ g<fw bhuq is Xo w huaw hy[ esny ávwbwivk hi Aws-pws ky gw<vo< pr Apnw dbdbw jmw ilxw AOr ke~ bwr Aws-pVos sy adwwr lykr KwXw[ AOr qo AOr, do-qin bwr idn-idhwvy lwhor ky purbi mohøly BI jw luty AOr srkwri POj ky phu<cny sy phly hi hrn ho gxw[ es smx lwhor kw nwxb hwikm idlwvr Kwn Qww[ asny ke~ bwr Bwe~ g<fw is<g ko kwbu krny kw XËn ikxw,

9 gurmiq zwn 11 pr<qu koe~ pysw n ge~[ AwiKr smjw-bujw kr srkwri POj my< nokr rk ilxw[ jødi hi bwd my< mulqwn ki qrp Ek muihm Aw ge~[ Xhw< Bwe~ g<fw is<g ny EysI bhwduri idkwe~ ik lwhori POj ki hwri jw rhi lvwe~ jiqi ge~[ idlwvr Kwn ny pw<c gw<v enwm ky }p my< ide : esky SwOX~ my< idlwvr Kwn eqnw KuSw huaw ik asny AwhlU, hølo, swdwo, qur AOr c#k kw jæmi<dwrw esko enwm my< dy idxw AOr AwhlU gw<v ki mwpi ilk di[ Bwe~ g<fw is<g esky jødi hi bwd my< prlok gmn kr gxw AOr asky puz Bwe~ swdwu is<g ny AwhlU gw<v my< rhnw Swu} kr idxw[ AwhlU gw<v ky invwsi hony ky kwrxw Bwe~ swdwu is<g AOr anky puz-poz AwhlUvwilXw is ho ge[ CotI AwXu my< Bwe~ swdwu is<g ApnI ninhwl gw<v rhw krqw Qww[ XhI< Xh jnmw-plw Qww AOr XhI< Apny pvosi klwlo< ky bçco< ky swqw Kylqw rhw Qww[ enmy< klwlo< ki Ek lvki ky swqw eskw Kws ym Qww, jo amr ky swqw-swqw bfæqw gxw[ jb Xh AwhlU gw<v my< jw bsw qo es lvki ky swqw ivvwh krny ki eçcw kt ki[ lvki ky mwqw-ipqw BI en dono< ky ym sy vwikp Qwy[ vy Bwe~ swdwu is<g ki sw<swirk aºiq AOr esky Kwndwn ky idno-idn bfæqy jw rhy ekbwl ko dyk rhy Qwy[ asny esko DwNX Bw^X smjw AOr Xh khkr ávikwr kr ilxw ik Biv X my< BI enki s<qwn ki SwwidXw< klwlo< my< hi huaw kry<[ Bwe~ swdwu is<g ny Xh bwq ávikwr kr li AOr ivvwh ho gxw[ enky cwr puz-- gopwl is<g, hymu, isk<dr qqww cwhw AOr Ek lvki QwI[ en sbi ki SwwidXw< klwlo< ky Gr hue~< AOr es qrh Xh Kwndwn AwhlUvwilE klwl ky nwm sy is ho gxw[ kpurqwlw ky AwhlUvwilXw Kwndwn kw v<sw Bwe~ gopwl is<g AOr asky puz Bwe~ dyvw is<g sy clqw hy[ ensy s<b<idwq iváqwr sy kuc pqw nhi< clqw ibnw esky ik Bwe~ dyvw is<g kuc smx I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ki hjuri my< syvw krqw rhw Qww[ (rwmjs, qvwrik irxwsq kpurqwlw, : igrpn, rwjwjæ AWP di p<jwb, , muhmmd hsn (ad~u rwijgwin p<jwb), 1-6, qvwrik gu} Kwlsw (rw- Kwlsw ), kpurqwlw átyt, et`s pwát E<f jy<t, 1) sr lyipl igi n es Grwny ki jyslmyri buinxwd ki vwqw~ ko ávikwr nhi< krqw AOr Ek bnwvt smjqw hy, ijski vh kpurqwlw ky AwhlUvwilXw Kwndwn ko jæ}rq nhi< smjqw[ asky $Xwl my< srdwr jásw is<g kw qyj, Kwlsw dl kw nyqw honw AOr ApnI bhwduri qqww qlvwr ky swqw rwèx kwxm kr lynw hi Kwndwn ki <cwe~ AOr Buqw ky ile kwpi Qwy[ (rwjwjæ, 496)

10 gurmiq zwn 12 Dwm~-Dvj srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw 18vI< sdi ky mhwn ÛXi#qXo< my < Ek nwm sulqwn-al-kom srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw kw muikxw is#k jrnylo< my< ilxw jwqw hy[ srdwr jásw is<g Dwm~-Dvj Qwy[ Apny s<qávbwv ky kwrxw jwny jwqy Dwwim~k pu{ w srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny jhw< is#ki guxwo< ky kwrxw ivswy w smmwn wîq ikxw, vhi< kuswl b<dwk, inpuxw niiqvwn AOr mhwn Xo w ky }p my < BI Awp kmwl Qwy[ srdwr jásw is<g is#k Dwm~ ky Dvj Qwy[ enky bwry my< bwq krqy smx jb enky smucy jivn-eiqhws ko DXwn ky swqw pfæw jwqw hy qo enki Swi$æsXq Dwm~ sy Aoq-poq njær AwqI hy[ enkw swrw jivn gu{ swihb ki bi$æswswo< AOr Dwm~ AwDwwirq jivn-muøxo< sy Brw pvw hy[ wx: khw jwqw hy ik mhlo< ki ni<v hmysww mjæbuq hoqi hy Xw dusry SwÑdo< my<, mjæbuq ni<v pr hi mhl bnwe jw skqy hy<[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw kw bcpn jysy biqw vh Dwm~ ky Dvj ki mjæbuqi kw s<kyq dyqw hy[ srdwr jásw is<g ky ipqw s. bdr is<g ny Apny ipqw s. dyvw is<g ky swqw I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ky ke~ bwr dsw~n ike Qwy[ enki DwYX~vwn mwqw hølo-s IE srdwr bwg is<g ki bhn QwI, jo is#ki my< bvi pirp#v QwI AOr gurbwxwi-pwt Ev< kiq~n bvi w ky swqw ikxw krqi QwI[ gurbwxwi ki poqwi AwpkI pwxw ky gwqry ky swqw sji hoqi QwI[ enkw jivn AslI mwxno< my< -s. bliv<dr is<g jovwis<gw* purwqn is<ginxo< vwlw Qww[ es qrh is#ki jivn my< BIgI }ho< ky r#q-ib<d sy apjy srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky jivn pr Apny mwqw-ipqw ky Dwwim~k jivn kw Bwv ËX@w idkwe~ dyqw hy[ bçcy ki bi$æswsw ky ile jb piq-pëni ny I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ki syvw my< apiáqwq hokr Ardws ki qo pwqswwh ny AwSwI w di-- ''vwihgu{ Akwl purk ki AwrwDwnw kro, swdws<gq ki syvw kro, gu{ nwnk swihb kw DXwn kro, gu{ A<gs<g hy[ Awpkw puz gu{ kw lwl hogw['' es AwSwI w kw sdkw es gu{ ky lwl kw jnm vyswk sudi 15, puixw~mw, s<vq` 1775 muqwibk 3 me~, sn` 1718 e~. ko huaw[ 1 ABI vy 4 swl ky hi Qwy ik ipqw kw swxw isr sy at gxw[ mwqw ji ny CotI amr my< hi gu{ ky lwl ko gurbwxwi-pwt AOr kiq~n my< inpuxw kr idxw[ ipr mwqw ji dsm gu{ ky mihl mwqw su<dri ji ky pws idøli cly ge AOr anko gurbwxwi-kiq~n sunw kr anki syvw krqy rhy[ srdwr jásw is<g BI ApnI mwqw ky swqw Swbd pfæqy, kiq~n krqy AOr s<gq sun kr inhwl hoqi QwI[ es Dwm~-Dvj kw pwln BI mwqw su<dri ji ki ingrwni my< huaw[ mwqw su<dri ji srdwr jásw is<g ko bhuq ÎXwr ikxw krqy Qwy AOr Apny bçco< ki qrh iklwqy-iplwqy Ev< pwln-po wxw krqy Qwy[ mwqw su <dri ji srdwr jásw is<g ki bwøxwváqww *Apr sicv, Dwm~ cwr kmyti (iswromixw gu.. kmyti), I Am qsr swihb , Pon :

11 < gurmiq zwn 13 my< Dwwim~k pirp#vqw AOr gurbwxwi ky ile ym dyk kr bhuq-si AwSwI wy< idxw krqy Qwy[ es qrh Xy lgbg swq v w~ mwqw su<dri ji ki syvw my< rhy[ mwqw su<dri ji sy ivdwe~ AOr AwSwI wy< lykr jb nvwb kpur is<g sy imlny ge qo qi@xw bui srdwr jásw is<g ny Am q vyly Kwlsy ky divwn my< Apny mwqw ji ky swqw 'Awsw ki vwr' kw kiq~n ikxw[ vwxwi ki imtws, surili Awvwjæ, r<g-f<g, ávbwv, is#ki AwáQww AOr syvw-bwv kw nvwb kpur is<g pr ghrw Bwv pvw AOr anho<ny enki mwqw qqww srdwr bwg is<g sy srdwr jásw is<g ko mw<g ilxw[ mhwn AwËmw kw vcn movw n gxw AOr nmrqw ky swqw bçcw (s. jásw is<g) anki JolI my< fwl idxw : A<mRq vyly vwe duqwrw Awsw vwr lgwe~[ mwqw suq ki sur rwsili BrI prym rs gwe~[ sunky is<g srb KuiSw QwIE Ar hvwl sun swrw[ is<g kpur nvwb KuSwI ho bwlk qe~ hkwrw[ ApnI god vic bytw ky dino ÎXwr bdwyry[ pw<c AsRPI Krc idvwxo puz kih ky tyry[ bwg is<g ny hwqw jov qb vic idvwn AlwXo[ eh puzylw BXo Awp kw hm godi quv pwxo[ eh sun p<qw Kwlsy Jt pt sodw Ardwsw diao[ jsw is<g nvwb kw puz qb hi qy prgtiao[ 2 es qrh srdwr jásw is<g I gu{ nwnk swihb ky inm~l p<c ki GuÆI ly Dwm~ ki CwXw my jvwn hue[ fw. g<fw is<g ky SwÑdo< my <-- ''srdwr jásw is<g bvy Bw^XSwwlI nojvwn Qwy, ijnko vwihgu{ Akwl purk ny mhwn AwËmw mwqw b$æswi, ijsny anky jivn ko guris#ki ky sw<cy my < Fwlw[ asky pscwq anhy < mwqw su <dri ji ky cwrxwo< my < rh kr syvw-brpur jivn bnwny kw Avsr imlw[ Ab anhy < puxw~ is<g AOr gu{ kw Kwlsw bn kr kom Ev< dysw ki syvw ky ile qyxwr hony hyqu srdwr kpur is<g jysy mhwpu{ w ki s<gq wîq ho ge~['' 3 ''srdwr kpur is<g ny Apny hwqwo< srdwr jásw is<g ko Kud pw<c ÎXwro< my < Swwiml hokr K<fy-bwty ki pwhul di AOr Kwlsy ki rihq kw apdysw idxw[ K<fy ky Am q AOr nvwb kpur is<g ki isw@ww ny as pr sony py suhwgy kw kwm ikxw[ ku <dn qo vy phly hi Qwy, Ab Am q ki Swi#q ny anhy < pwrs bnw idxw[ jhw< phly vy gurbwxwi ky s}r my < hr smx asi kw gwxn krqy Qwy, Ab cfædi jvwni my < Kwlse~ josw ki anky mn-smu«my < lhry < atny lgi AOr vy hr syvw my < Awgy bfæ kr ihásw lyny lgy['' 4 Am q ki dwq, gurmiq ki rihxwi, drbwr my< s<gq ki syvw krnw, p<kw Julwnw, gu{ ky l<gr my < bq~n swp krny, subh-swwm gurbwxwi ky pwt AOr Swbd-kIq~n ki syvw ny anmy < Dwm~ ki puri qrh sy pirp#vqw lw di[ es qrh guris#ki jivn hi ankw Dwm~ bn gxw[ esi Dwm~ ki syvw, Dwm~ ki r@ww, Dwm~-áQwwno< ki syvw, gribo<-mjælumo< ki syvw, Dwm~ ky inswwno< ko <cw atwnw, Kwlsy ki cfædi klw bnwny ky ile Apnw swrw jivn lgw idxw[ Kwlsy kw Dwwim~k AOr rwjniiqk nyq Ëv : srdwr jásw is<g ky wr<ibk jivn my< dysw AOr Kwlsw p<qw ki hwlq bhuq bifæxw nhi< QwI[ bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ki SwhIdI ky bwd Kwlsy pr s$æqi kw dor Awr<B ho gxw[ lwhor ky subydwr Abdusm Kwn ny is#ko< kw kël-e-awm krnw Awr<B kr idxw[ as

12 gurmiq zwn 14 smx ky hwlwq ko syxd muhmmd lqip vxw~n krqy hue ilkqw hy :- ''is#ko< ko nicw idkw kr AOr anky nyqw b<dw (is<g) ko mwr mukw kr, anki qwkq ko bbw~d krny AOr anki kom kw Kurw-Koj imtw dyny ky ile Abdusm Kwn ny bhuq s$æqi ki[ Ek bwdswwhi Prmwn jwri ikxw gxw ik (gu{) nwnk (dyv ji) ky Dwm~ ko mwnny vwlo< ko kël kr idxw jwe AOr hr Ek is#k ky isr ky ile nkd enwm rk idxw gxw[ KIJy hue muslmwno< ny anko khi< itkny n idxw AOr jhw< khi< BI koe~ is#k imlw asy bhuq byrhmi ky swqw kël kr idxw gxw['' 5 lgwqwr ke~ v w~ si$qxo< AOr juømo< kw dor clqw rhw[ Bwe~ mni is<g ji ki Swhwdq hue~[ jun, 1734 e~. my< nwidr Swwh ky hmly, nwidr Swwh ky kwiplo< ki lut, jækirxw Kæwn ki si$qxw<, másy r<gv kw kël, bwbw boqw is<g-bwbw grjw is<g ki Swhwdq, julwe~ 1745 e~. my< Bwe~ qw} is<g ji ki Swhwdq, divwn jspq rwx ki moq, Cotw GØlUGwrw (1746 e~.) Awid GtnwE< hue~[ Coty GØlUGwry my< srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw bvi SwUrvIrqw ky swqw lvy[ ''ipr Kwlsy ny durw~inxo<, APgwinXo< ky swqw mukwblw ikxw, dinw byg ky swqw t#kr (1747 e~.), mir m<nu ki si$qxw<, Ahmd Swwh durw~ni kw dusrw hmlw (1747 e~.), divwn kovw møl ki Swwh invwj ky swqw mulqwn ki lvwe~ hue~[ es lvwe~ my < Kwlsw p<qw ny divwn kovw møl ki mdd ki AOr jiq wîq ki[ divwn kovw møl ki jiq ky bwd srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny Dwm~-Dvj bn kr divwn kovw møl sy I hirm<dr swihb, I Am qsr swihb AOr srovr ki kwr-syvw krvwe~ qqww divwn kovw møl sy hi qin lwk {pe Kc~ krvw kr gu{ªwrw swihb bwl lilw, I nnkwxww swihb ki emwrq AOr Ek bvw srovr bnwxw['' 6 Kwlsw p<qw kw Dwwim~k nyq Ëv : Dwm~-Dvj bn kr srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny Kwlsw p<qw kw Dwwim~k nyq Ëv BI ikxw[ imsl-kwl ky smx jb nvwb kpur is<g ko nvwbi imli qo as smx nvwb kpur is<g Kwlsw p<qw ky rwjniiqk qqww Dwwim~k jëqwydwr Qwy AOr sbi is#k anky nyq Ëv my< Dwwim~k AOr rwjniiqk PYsly krqy Qwy[ 7 A#qUbr, 1753 e~. ko nvwb kpur is<g Akwl áqwwn kr ge[ 7 10 A Yl, 1754 e~. ko vyswki ky idn I Akwl q$æq swihb ky swmny Kwlsw divwn sjw[ srbá s<gq ny nvwb kpur is<g ky ile Ardws ki AOr srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ko hr kwr sy Xo^X jwn kr nvwb kpur is<g ki jgh Kwlsy kw rwjniiqk AOr Dwwim~k jëqwydwr áqwwipq ikxw[ 8 nvwbi kw ikqwb BI srdwr jásw is<g ko dy idxw[ es qrh Awp Dwwim~k AOr rwjniiqk }p sy Kwlsw p<qw ky J<fw brdwr (Dwm~-Dvj) p#ky qor pr bn ge[ Am q cwr ky ile cyqnw : Dwm~-Dvj hoqy hue srdwr jásw is<g ny is#ki ky cwr ky ile Am q s<cwr pr BI jæor idxw[ cwhy vh smx j<go<-xu o< kw Qww, pr<qu srdwr jásw is<g swqw-swqw Am q- cwr ki qrp BI DXwn dyqy Qwy[ s<gq my< 'Awsw ki vwr' kw kiq~n inxmwnuswr krqy rhy[ ''bwbw dip is<g ji jb 'biv' ki sudwwe~ ky ile krqwrpur AwE qo Awp anki syvw krqy rhy AOr sur@ww ky pury e<qjæwm BI ike[

13 gurmiq zwn 15 anky es ÛXvhwr ky kwrxw bhuq-sy log Am q-pwn krny ky ile anky pws Awqy Qwy[ Am q-pwn krny vwly ko kchrw, kuqw~, dsqwr, cwdr AOr pwxw vy ApnI qrp sy dyqy Qwy[ kvwh swd AOr Ardws BI ApnI qrp sy krqy Qwy[ Am q Ckny ky bwd koe~ anky pws rhnw cwhqw qo puri Awzw QwI[ Agr koe~ dusry jëqwy my< Xw Gr jwnw cwhqw qo BI n rokqy['' 9 esi qrh pitxwlw irxwsq ky mhwrwjw Amr is<g ko srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny Kud pw<c ÎXwro< my< Swwiml hokr Am q CkwXw[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny Dwm~-Dvj hony ky kwrxw p<qwk Ekqw ky ile BI Apnw Xogdwn idxw[ p<qw my< drwr nhi< pvny di[ jb Ek bwr bwbw Awlw is<g pitxwlw ko AÑdwlI ki mdd krny ky kwrxw sjæw dyny kw PYslw kr ilxw qo srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny Kud dkl dykr imslo< ky srdwro< ko smjwxw ik bwbw Awlw is<g ny jo kuc TIk Xw glq ikxw hy, vh v#q ki kutniiqk jæ}rq QwI[ smx twlnw jæ}ri Qww[ Agr vy AÑdwlI ko pwnipq rsd Byjqy rhy qo dusri qrp Awpko golw, bw}d AOr GoVy BI dyqy rhy[ es qrh p<qwk A<g Alg krny TIk nhi<[ Xhw< qk khw ik Xy gu{ ky is#k hy<[ enky iv{ koe~ SwÑd Anwdr vwlw nhi< bolnw[ AÇCw Xh hogw ik enko qnkwh lgwkr dobwrw Am q Ckw kr p<qw my< imlw ilxw jwe[ 10 ipr srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny bwbw Awlw is<g ko Am q Apny hwqwo< pw<c ÎXwro< my< Swwiml hokr CkwXw AOr Apny hwqwo< kvwh swd bw<tw[ sb srdwro< ny Ek swqw byt kr ek y l<gr Ckw[ 11 p<qwk Ekqw ki Ek AOr Gtnw swmny AwqI hy, jb krqwrpur ky DwIrmiØlXo< my< sy sofi gulwb is<g ny p<qw kw A<g bnny ki ivnqi ki qo srdwr drbwrw is<g Awid ny khw ik esile Am q Ck kr is<g sjny ky bwd hi p<qw my< Swwiml huaw jw skqw hy[ jb krqwrpur (jl<dwr) jlsw ikxw qo Kwlsy ko khw ik I gu{ goib<d is<g ji kw hu#m Qww ik DwIrmiØlXo< ky swqw myljol nhi< rknw, pr<qu Ab en logo< ny K<fy kw Am q Ck kr is<g sjnw kbul kr ilxw hy, esile mhwrwj ki Awzw Anuswr Xh lwxk SwmUilXq p<qw hy[ anko Kud pw<c ÎXwro< my< Swwiml ho kr Am q CkwXw[ ipr anhy< khw ik l<gr qyxwr kro AOr sbi ny p<gq my< byt kr anky hwqwo< l<gr Ckw[ 12 Dwm~ AOr gu{ my< ivsvws : Dwm~-Dvj srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw Dwwim~k pu{ w Qwy[ ds gu{ swihbwn AOr Akwl purk ki sr áqi AOr Swi#q, bi$æswsw my< ankw d Fæ erwdw Ev< Atl ivsvws Qww[ eski Ek imswl Xh imlqi hy ik Ek bwr jl<dwr ky subydwr AdInw byg ny sw<jw muhwj bnwny pr Apnw rwj bnwny ky ile pz ilkw qo srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny vwihgu{ pr Brosw kt krqy hue khw ik smjoqw iksi surq my< nhi< ho skqw, #Xo<ik dono< my< $Xwlo< kw A<qr hy[ is#k asi qyg ky swqw rwj bnwe<gy ijsky swqw muglo< ny bnwxw hy[ mulwkwq mydwn-e-j<g my< hi hogi[ Swhwdq ide ibnw AOr KUn bhwe bgyr AwjæwdI nhi< imlqi[ is#ko< ki cmkqi qyg dykkr mugl smjoqy ki bwqy < krny lgy hy <[ jb Xh qyg clny lgi qo rwj kdmo< my< hogw[ 'rwj krygw Kwlsw' kw vw#x iksi ky rhmo-km~ ky swqw nhi<,

14 < gurmiq zwn 16 Xh vwihgu{ ki rhmq AOr bi$æswsw ky swqw purw hogw[ ijnky mwqwy pr e~svr Kud muøk ilk dy vh dusry sy kwgjæ pr #Xw ilkvwe[ ijs pr dono< jhwn kw bwdswwh sº ho asy AOr iksi KuSwI ki jæ}rq nhi<[ 13 Xy vcn Dwm~-Dvj srdwr jásw is<g ky gu{ AOr gu{ ki bi$æswsw ky ile Atl ivsvws kw iswkr Qwy[ gu{ ny Apny is#ko< ki rwj AOr bwdswwhq kwxm krny ki murwd puri BI ki[ I hirm<dr swihb ki syvw : muglo< AOr durw~inxo< ny Coty v bvy GØlUGwro< ky smx qqww ANX CotI-motI JVpo< ky smx Kwlsw p<qw kw bhuq nukswn ikxw[ bvy GØlUGwry ky smx Ek hi idn my< 30 hjæwr sy ÈXwdw is<go<-is<ginxo< qqww bçco< ko SwhId krvw kr BI Kwlsw p<qw ''qá Kwlso so rhxo, gxo su Kot gvwe'' bolqw huaw cfædi klw my < rhqw hy[ durw~inxo< ªwrw I hirm<dr swihb ko igrwnw, srovr ko pwtnw, bu<gy bbw~d krny Xh sbsy ÈXwdw Ash Qww[ dusri qrp bvy GØlUGwry ky bwd Ahmd Swwh durw~ni I hirm<dr swihb AOr aski jæmi<dwri jæmin noswhrw pºuaw< ky codwri swihb rwx ky pws igrvi rkw gxw Qww[ asky ile Swq~ Xh QwI ik jb qk Xh rkm vwps nhi< hoqi, I hirm<dr swihb kw cfæwvw codwri swihb rwx lygw[ 14 srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny Dwm~- Dvj bn kr srih<d Pqh ikxw[ srih<d ki Pqh ky bwd Kwlsy ko bhuq swrw Dwn imlw[ srdwro< ªwrw es Dwn ki bw<t my < srdwr jásw is<g ko no lwk {pe as smx ihásy AwXy[ 15 srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvilXw ny srbá Kwlsw bulw kr I hirm<dr swihb, srovr AOr bu <go< ki kwr-syvw ky ile gu{ ky nwm pr syvw ek I krny ky ile 'gu{ ki cwdr' ibcw di AOr sbsy phly Kud no lwk {pxw syvw ky ile cwdr pr rk idxw[ pw<c lwk ANX srdwro< sy ek w huaw[ swrw Dwn ek w krky Bwe~ dys rwj ibdwic<die ko I hirm<dr swihb ki syvw krwny ky ile inxu#q ikxw[ esky swqw hi codwri swihb rwx ko bulw kr sëkwr dyqy hue qin lwk {pe dykr I hirm<dr swihb ko igrvi sy mu#q krvwxw AOr ANX pujwirxo< qqww AkwilXo< ky jumw~ny ki rkm BI Br di[ 16 anho<ny Apny jivn ky A<iqm cwr-pw<c swl I hirm<dr swihb ki syvw, bu <go< ky inmw~xw AOr Swhr ki syvw my lgwe qqww Apny Dwm~-Dvj hony kw phrw idxw[ sulqwn-al-kom AOr Kwlsy kw is#kw : srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky nyq Ëv my< jb Kwlsw p<qw kw lwhor pr kñjæw huaw qo nvwb kpur is<g ªwrw ki hue~ Biv X-vwxwI ky SwÑd, jo srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky bcpn ky smx açcwrxw ike Qwy ik ''qyry AOr qyri s<qwn ky Awgy AwisAw< vwly drbwn clw kry<gy'' pury hue[ srdwr jásw is<g sy khw ik ''mujy es grib-invwj p<qw ny nvwb bnw idxw hy, qujy, #Xw pqw, pwqswwh hi bnw dy<['' 17 Xh Biv X-vwxwI sëx swibq hue~[ gu{ ki pw kw sdkw srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ko 'sulqwn-al-kom' p<qw ky pwqswwh ki pdvi wîq hue~[ 18 p<qw-syvk AOr Dwm~-Dvj hoqy hue srdwr jásw is<g ny BI bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ki qrh I gu{ nwnk dyv ji AOr I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ky nwm pr Kwlsw is#kw jwri ikxw[ kydi iázxo< ko CuVwnw : is#k Dwm~ my< ázi ko ''so ika m<dw AwKIEy ijqu j<mih rwjwn'' kh kr smmwinq ikxw jwqw hy[ kwjæi nur

15 gurmiq zwn 17 muhmmd ilkqw hy ik is#k, iázxo< ko 'buvi' Xw 'buf`fi' khqy hy< AOr hr ázi cwhy vh ApnI ho Xw iksi dusmn ki, ko sëkwr dyqy hy<[ Dwm~-Dvj hoqy hue srdwr jásw is<g ny Kwlsw p<qw kw nyq Ëv krqy hue 2200 sy ÈXwdw ih<du iázxw< goe<dvwl swihb ky njædik Ahmd Swwh ky ky<p sy CuVvwe~<[ ipr sbko Kc~ dykr anky Gr phu<cw idxw[ fw. g<fw is<g ky SwÑdo< ky Anuswr, ''es hmddi~ AOr bhwduri ny srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ko mswhur kr idxw AOr aski idlyri qqww in kwm syvw ki Dww<k cwro< qrp PYl ge~['' 19 esi qrh ázi ky sëkwr ki Ek AOr BI imswl imlqi hy ik AÑdwlI kw inxq ikxw jrnyl jhwn Kwn jb mydwn-e-j<g my< sy GoVy pr cfæ kr Bwg gxw AOr ApnI bygm ko BI CoV gxw qo srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny bvy sëkwr ky swqw bygm sy pucw ik asy khw< phu<cwxw jwe? asny khw ik jmmu ky rwjw ki rwni aski mu<hboli bhn hy[ asky pws Byjy jwny pr vh Apny Awp Gr phu<c jwegi[ srdwr swihb ny Apny cuin<dw srdwro< ko swqw Byj kr bygm ko jmmu phu<cwxw[ 20 esi qrh pwnipq ky mydwn my< jb mrwtw jrnyl hulkr qqww aski synw durw~inxo< sy hwr kr Bwg ge~ qo sykvo< mrwtny< b<di bnw li ge~<[ srdwr jásw is<g ky nyq Ëv my< is<go< ny en mrwtno< ko anky Gr mhwrw tö qk bvi kitnwe~ sy phu<cwxw[ 21 iázxo< ki eèjq-awb} ki qqww smmwn ki Xh syvw BI srdwr jásw is<g ky Dwm~- Dvj hony ki gvwhi BrqI hy[ es qrh srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky p<qw-syvk AOr Dwm~-Dvj hony ki bwq krqy hue áp t }p sy khw jw skqw hy ik anho<ny p<qw kw J<fw-brdwr bn kr Apny jivn ko bwxwi, bwxwy ky swqw jovqy hue Dwm~ ko Apny jivn kw AwDwwr bnwxw[ Akwl purk vwihgu{ ki rjæw my < Apnw qn, mn, Dwn sb kuc Ap~xw kr Dwwim~k kwx~ ike, Kwlsy p<qw ko bul<idxo< pr phu <cwxw, Kwlsw rwj kwxm ikxw AOr Apny Awp ko inmwxww p<qw syvk khlvw kr Dwm~ ky J<fy gwvy[ hvwly AOr itîpixwxw< : 1. fw. g<fw is<g, srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw, p<jwbi XUinvis~tI, pitxwlw, 2011, p T 5 2. zwni igawn is<g, p<qw kwsw, p T fw. g<fw is<g, apro#q, p T apro#q 5. History of Punjab, Calcutta, 1891, Page fw. g<fw is<g, apro#q, p T fw. hri rwm guîqw 8. fw. g<fw is<g, apro#q, p T i <. siqbir is<g, sulqwn-al-kom srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw, gurmiq kwsw, A#qUbr 1983, iswromixw gu{ªwrw b<dwk kmyti, I Am qsr swihb, p T fw. ikrpwl is<g, bwbw Awlw is<g 11. i <. siqbir is<g, apro#q 12. ym is<g hoqi mrdwn 13. i <. siqbir is<g, apro#q, p T fw. g<fw is<g, apro#q, p T apro#q, p T apro#q, p T apro#q, p T apro#q 19. SwmSwyr Kwlsw, 145/507, g<fw is<g, apro#q, p T i <. siqbir is<g, apro#q, p T apro#q, p T 39-40

16 gurmiq zwn 18 jnm AOr prvirsw : Bwe~ kwnh is<g nwbw (gurswbd rqnwkr mhwn kosw) ky Anuswr-- jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw srdwr bdr is<g ky Gr gw<v AwhlU (ijælw lwhor) my< 1718 e~. my< pydw huaw[ es Grwny kw muki swdwu is<g (s w is<g) Qww, ijsny gw<v AwhlU (lwhor) bw<dww[ eskw pvpoqw s. bdr is<g nvwb kpur is<g PYjæulwpur kw cwtukwr Qww, ijskw dyhw<q 1722 e~. my< ho gxw[ qb s. jásw is<g lgbg cwr v w~ kw Qww[ mwqw su<dri ji ny esko AwSwIvw~d dykr Ek guj~ ki bi$æswsw ki QwI[ p<qw my< s. jásw is<g kw mwn-sëkwr bhuq bfæ gxw[ pitxwlw-piq rwjw Amr is<g ny s. jásw is<g ky jëqwy sy hi Am q Ckw Qww[ s. jásw is<g ny 1747 e~. my< I Am qsr swihb ky hwikm slwbq Kwn ko pwr bulw kr askw bhuq swrw elwkw Apny ADwIn kr ilxw[ s. jásw is<g ny 1749 e~. my< Swwhnvwj ko mulqwn sy Kwirj krny ky ile divwn kovw møl ko BwrI shwxqw di QwI[ 1753 e~. my< s. jásw is<g ny jl<dwr ky hwikm AdInw byg ko jiq kr Pqhbwd prgnw pr kñjæw kr ilxw[ jb Ahmd Swwh AÑdwlI mrwto< ko KËm kr bhuq swrw lutmwr kw mwl-asbwb lykr AOr hjæwro< ih<du pu{ w-iázxo< ko b<di bnw kr lwhor pwr kr vwips kwbul jwny lgw qo s. jásw is<g ny dusry is<g srdwro< ko lykr askw bhuq swrw mwl BI lut ilxw AOr an sbi b<idxo< ko CuVw kr anky Gr phu<cw srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw -fw. jiq is<g 'siql' idxw, ijs kwrxw anhy< 'b<di-cov Xo w' ki pdvi BI imli[ es qrh b<di-cov siqgu{ I gu{ hirgoib<d swihb ky sçcy is<g ny Apny gu{ ki mxw~dw ko kwxm rkw[ s. jásw is<g ny bvy GØlUGwry my< bvi SwUrvIrqw idkwe~[ asny bwe~s j$æm KwE, pr<qu ipr BI lvqw AOr jujqw rhw[ s. jásw is<g mhwn Dwm~vIr Xo w, inmw~xw dwni, sçcy ihqy wi AOr bvy sdwcwri Qwy[ s. jásw is<g kw dyhw<q 1783 e~. my < I Am qsr swihb my< huaw[ anki Xwdgwr I Am qsr swihb my< bwbw Atl rwx ji ky gu{ªwrw swihb ky pws hy[ s. kpur is<g ny Apny dyhw<q ky smx Apny SwUrvIr pwlk s. jásw is<g ko klgidwr pwqswwh ki vh qlvwr so<pi QwI, jo anko mwqw su<dri ji sy wîq hue~ QwI[ Xh Anmol váqu irxwsq ky qoswykwny my< mojud rhi[ s. jásw is<g ko AwhlUvwilXw imsl ki srdwri (jëqwydwri) imli[ asny es pdvi pr rhqy hue p<qw ki KUb syvw ki[ Ab s. jásw is<g ki gwqww SwhId Bwe~ rqn is<g (B<gU) q 'p<qw kwsw' (p T ) ki jbwni suno ik kysy p<qw ki Swrxw my< Awkr vy bwdswwh bn gxy : dohrw swki jásw is<g ki, Ab my< ida< sunwe[ m<gq Kwq KwlsY rlxo, BXo p<qw piqswwih[ AwhlUvwilXw kom kw Ek grib klwl AwhlU gw<v ky njædik lwhor kw invwsi AOr

17 gurmiq zwn 19 gu{ kw lwl bdr is<g Qww[ vh sb kwr ky kwm krqw Qww[ asky mrny ky bwd aski pëni AOr Ek puz rh ge[ mw<-puz kw bhuq ÎXwr Qww[ Xh ázi, guris#k Gr ki byti QwI, ijsko asky ipqw ny gurmuki pfæw ide Qwy AOr gurbwxwi k<táqw krvw di QwI[ vh ssurwl-mwxky dono< qrp sy is#kni QwI[ vh poqwi hmysww Apny gwqry my< fwly rkqi AOr jhw< khi< is<go< ki s<gq hoqi, vhw< phu<c kr SwÑd-kIq~n ki co<ki krqi[ s<dxw ky smx inëx sod{ kw pwt krqi[ vh doqwrw pkv kr kiq~n krqi[ askw bwlpuz qqww dwsi bvy ym sy as kiq~n my< Swwiml hoqy[ dono< v#q vh Swbd-cO<kI krqi[ jhw< khi< BI is#k s<gq asy kiq~n krny ky ile bulwqi vh AvSX phu<cqi[ rwq-idn vh co<ki krqi[ koe~ jov-mylw n BulwqI[ Ek bwr mw<-puz ny nvwb kpur is<g ky ky<p my< Awsw ki vwr kw kiq~n ikxw[ sb qrp Sww<iq psr ge~[ p<qw as pr Aiq sº huaw[ vh Bly v#q pr vhw< Awe~ QwI[ nvwb kpur is<g ki njær asky bwlk pr pvi[ asny bwlk ko bulw kr asy Am q Ckw is<g sjw idxw AOr asy Apny pws rkny ki bwq ki[ bwlk ki mwqw ko es pr bhuq KuSwI hue~[ asny Apny bwlk kw hwqw nvwb kpur is<g ky hwqw my< dy idxw[ Xh gu{-gr ki sçci yimkw AOr inëx kiq~n krny vwli as bwlk ki mwqw QwI, ijskw nwm srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw is huaw : Aiq s<n p<qw iqs pr BXo[ Bly vkq ikq vhu Qwo AXo[ kpur is<g lxo bwl bulwe[ kixo is<g inj A<imRq Ckwe ]10] XhI bwlk s. jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw Qww, ijskw hwqw aski mwqw ny nvwb kpur is<g ko pkvwxw Qww : dohrw mwqw BI as hue KuSwI dini bw<ih PVwe[ Bly Bwg as ky BE rhxo inbwby pwih ]11] nvwb kpur is<g ny as bwlk ko Apny fyry my< hi rk ilxw AOr GoVo< ko dwnw fwlny kw kwm so<p idxw[ dusry logo< ny as bwlk ko bhuq q<g ikxw AOr vh rony lgw[ roqyroqy vh nvwb kpur is<g ky pws AwXw AOr khw : myqwo< dwxww vrqy nwhi<[ DwOl Dwpo muih bhuq krwhi<[ es pr nvwb kpur is<g ny asy ÎXwr idxw, isr pr hwqw rkw AOr khw :- ''quny GoVo< ko dwnw dynw hy, Agr p<qw mujy nvwbi dwn kr skqw hy qo qujy pwqswwhi BI dy skqw hy['' bs, jásw is<g mwno inhwl ho gxw-- is<g kw bolw bykwr QwoVy jwnw Qww[ bwlk jásw is<g pwqswwh (bwdswwh) jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw bnw[ jæmwny ny dykw, nvwb swihb ki bwq sçci hue~ : khi bwq muk dxo ipawr[ 'qudw dwxwo' dyxwy b^g hjæwr ]14] hm qo kin p<qw nvwby[ qyry kirxgu piqswwhi qwby[ asi vkq qy BXo inhwl[ Swwih khwxo jásw is<g klwl ]15] AOr inás<dyh s. jásw is<g klwl bwdswwh bny, ijnho<ny phli bwr is#kw clwxw AOr Kwlsw rwèx áqwwipq ikxw; Ahmd Swwh AÑdwlI ky ADwIn muøk Apny ADwIn ikxw

18 . gurmiq zwn 20 AOr es qrh Swwho< kw Swwh khlwxw[ 'SwmSwyr Kwlsw' q zwni igawn is<g (p T ) my< dj~ hy ik-- ''jb Ahmd Swwh mrwto< pr Pqh pwkr lwhor lotw AOr lwhor Awkr vh q$æq pr bytw qo sbi codwirxo<, srdwro<, AmIro< Awid ko apiáqwq hony ky ile hu#m ikxw[ ksur ky mir muhmmd Kwn ko esile kyd kr ilxw ik asny is<go< ko {pxw idxw Qww[ as smx vh bis-bwe~s hjæwr ih<du pu{ w, AOrq, bçcy, bujug~, lvikxw<-lvky roqy, kurlwqy, pkvy hue bylgwivxo< pr bw<dw kr ile jw rhw Qww qo srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny asy sb is#k isrdwro< ko swqw lykr goe<dvwl ky pws ÑXws (dirxw) pwr krqy hue Acwnk jw dbocw AOr kyidxo< ky b<dwn kwt ide[ anko anky Gr Byj idxw[ Xh Aiq propkwri, nyknwmi srdwr jásw is<g ky ihásy Awe~[ bwdswwh lhu ky GU<t Brqw huaw clw gxw['' 'SwmSwyr Kwlsw' my< bvy GØlUGwry ky bwry my< BI s<kyq imlqw hy ik-- ''sbi srdwr qlvwry< KI<c kr, GoVy dovw kr durw~inxo< my< jw Gusy AOr bvi BwrI mwr-kwt ki['' ''srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw AOr srdwr cfæq is<g ny cwr hjæwr SwUrvIr lykr qin bwr Ahmd Swwh ky swqw jujny ky ile durw~inxo< ki synw sy t#kr li[ do bwr Swwh qk n phu<c sky, pr<qu qisri bwr Swwh ky njædik jwkr s. jásw is<g ny gj~ kr khw, ''Ey Ahmd Swwh! Agr qu md~ hy, qo ijs qrh lvnw cwhy Aw lv ly[ myrw-qyrw dono< kw j<g ho AOr log dyky<[ is<g ny kwpi llkwrw, pr<qu AÑdwlI ki ihmmq n hue~ AOr vh tl gxw['' (p T 298) 'chwir bwig-p<jwb' rcixqw gxwysw dws vfihrw my < srdwr jásw is<g klwl AwhlUvwilXw ky bwry my< ilkw hy ik-- qrpy-kpurqwlw vgyrw Alm-AP rwij slqnd Swud, ik lswkry- rw XoDww dl gupq<dy[ AQww~q` srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny kpurqwlw Awid ki qrp slqnq kw J<fw Julw idxw (pwqswwh bn gxw) AOr asky lskr ko 'Xo w dl' khqy hy<[ essy qwëpx~ Xh hy ik as smx srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw Xo w Kwlsw dl kw muk Qww[ rwj Kwlsw ky phly clwe is#ky ky bwry my < gxwysw dws (p T 130) ilkqw hy ik-- srdwr jásw is<g, g<fw is<g, J<fw is<g Awid B<gI srdwro< ny 1821 ibÿmi AQww~q` 1764 e~ my< cw<di ky {pe kw is#kw I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ky nwm pr tkswl my < clwxw AOr Xh by<q Pqh kw suck as pr ilkwxw : dyg v qyg Pqh v nusrq bydr<g, XwPq Ajæ nwnk gu} goib<d is<g[ nkodr srwx, I Am qsr swihb, Swhr lwhor isxwlkot, gujrwq Awid qqww p<jwb ky sbi muøko< (elwko<) my< Xh is#kw cilq ho gxw AOr Ahmd SwwhI is#kw clnw b<d ho gxw[ es s<b<dw my< p<jwb ky muqaásbi Awlm kuc Ek is#ko< pr Ek AOr by<q Kud akyr kr Ahmd Swwh ky pws kwbul ly ge (asy BVkwny ky ile) AOr vh is#kw vhi Qww, ijs pr Kwlsw slqnq ky pwiqswwh jásw is<g kw nwm Kudw huaw Qww : is#kw jd dr jhw< b-pjil-akwl, qkiq Aihmd girpq jásw klwl[ ivªwn musiºp (kqw~ puáqk) ny 'mulik- Aihmd girpq' ki jgh 'qkiq-aihmd girpq'

19 gurmiq zwn 21 ilkw hy[ qwëpx~ dono< kw Ek hi hy ik srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw kw sdkw, jo as smx Kwlsw kw muk jëqwydwr AOr srdwr Qww, is<g Awj Ahmd Swwh AÑdwlI ky mwry muøk p<jwb ky q$æq-rwj ky mwilk bn ge hy < AOr Xh syhrw mwqw su <dri ji ki pw-d i t AOr nvwb kpur is<g ky mu$x cwtukwr srdwr jásw is<g klwl ko jwqw hy[ byswk srdwr AwhlUvwilXw Kwlsw rwèx ki áqwwiîq kw qyjávi jrnyl Qww, jo c<f surj ki qrh p<jwb ky Dwu<Dwly AwkwSw pr is#ko< ky jwhojlwl ky qik ky }p my < cmkw AOr ijsny Kwlsw pwiqswwhi kw spyd idn cfæw idxw[ (APsos, Xh duphrw Jtpt hi p<qw-«oihxo< ki B I cwlo< ky kwrxw Swwm my < Fl gxw[) srdwr KuSwv<q is<g 'ihátöi AWP dw is$æs' (p T 123) my< B<gU ky ' I gur p<qw kwsw' AOr dusry eiqhwskwro< ki ofæqw krqw huaw ilkqw hy ik-- ''srdwr jásw is<g klwl gw<v AwhlU (es kwrxw AwhlUvwilXw) my< 1718 e~ávi my< jnmw[ pw<c swl ki AwXu my< hi ipqw s. bdr is<g kw swxw isr sy at gxw[ phly I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ky mihl mwqw su<dri ji ny askw pwln-po wxw ikxw AOr ipr bwd my< nvwb kpur is<g ny aski dykbwl ki['' ''asny rwx ebrwihm BÆI sy kpurqwlw CIn ilxw AOr es ngr ko ApnI rwjdwwni bnw ilxw[ s. jásw is<g kw dyhw<q 1783 e~. my< I Am qsr swihb my< huaw[ aski koe~ AOlwd n hony ky kwrxw s. Bwg is<g askw g InSwIn bnw, jo 1801 e~. my< kwlvsw ho gxw AOr askw lvkw s. Pqih is<g kpurqwlw irxwsq kw vwirs huaw, jo mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g kw p#kw AOr Swi#qSwwlI smqw~k rhw['' Awgy clkr s. KuSwv<q is<g ilkqw hy ik-- ''1745 e~. ki divwli ky smx srbá Kwlsw ny gurmqw pwirq ikxw ik sbi jëqwo< ko 25 ryijmy<to< my< bw<t kr nvwb kpur is<g ko prm jëqwydwr (kmw<fr-en-cip) áqwwipq kr idxw jwe[ srdwr hri is<g B<gI, s. nodw is<g Swukci#kXw, s. jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw AOr s. jy is<g knhe~xw, en ryijmy<to< my< sy is jrnyl Qwy, ijnho<ny p<jwb ko muglo< AOr ivdyswi hmlwvro< sy mu#q krvwny my< PYslwkun rol Adw ikxw['' byswk srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw su is, mhwn AOr muki jëqwydwr (srdwr) Qww, ijsko p<jwb ky mswhur Xo wao< AOr SwUrvIro< my< shjqw sy Swumwr ikxw jw skqw hy[ AiBvwdn hy as sçcy-suçcy is<g ko, ijsky SwISw pr nvwb kpur is<g kw hwqw Qww AOr ijsy mwqw su<dri ji kw crxw-ápsw~ wîq Qww AOr jo Kwlsw ki gu{-mwqw ki pwd i t kw pwz Qww[ as BXwnk kwl ky is#k bvy Bw^XSwwlI Qwy, ijnko s. jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw, s. hri is<g B<gI, s. cfæq is<g Swukrci#kXw jysy mhwn nyqw AOr srdwr nsib hue[ en mhwn SwUrvIro< ny ivdyswi jwibro< AOr AËXwcwirXo< ky swqw lohw ilxw AOr Kwlsw pwiqswwhq ko bnwxw[ aski ni<v my< Apnw lhu fwl kr asy p#kw ikxw[ muglo< AOr hmlwvro< ky lskro< kw Xh iqilám BI qov kr cknwcur kr idxw ik vy (mugl ptwn POj) AjyX AOr AjIq hy<[ en srdwro< ny ivdyswi jæwilm Swwsko< ky fr kw BRm BI dysw-vwisxo< ky idlo< my< sy dur kr idxw[ Xy srdwr dysw ki ávq<zqw ky AguAw AOr mhwn nyqw Qwy, dysw

20 gurmiq zwn 22 ky mui#q-dwqw Qwy[ nvwb kpur is<g ki srdwri AOr bhwduri kw AslI aárwidwkwri srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw hi Qww[ aski SwUrvIrqw kw is#kw jnm ly cukw Qww, Dww<k jmw cukw Qww AOr vhi srbá Kwlsw Xw dl Kwlsw kw byqwj bwdswwh ávikwr ho cukw Qww[ nvwb kpur is<g kw 1753 e~. my < indwn huaw[ 1748 e~. ki vyswki ko I Am qsr swihb my < jb srbá Kwlsw kw BwrI ek huaw qo srdwr jásw is<g assy phly mdx p<jwb ky mu$x nyqw AOr AjyX ivjyqw áqwwipq ho cuky Qwy[ AdInw byg Kwn ko huiswxwrpur my< BwrI prwjx dykr asky elwky ky Swwsk bn kr vh apro#q vyswki ky smx I Am qsr swihb srbá Kwlsw ki bytk my< phu<c gxw[ asi jov-myly pr srbá Kwlsw ny gurmqw pws krky dl Kwlsw ko ^Xwrh imslo< my< bw<tw Qww AOr s. jásw is<g jhw< AwhlUvwilXw imls ky srdwr Qwy, vhi< anhy < sbi imslo< kw muk srdwr AOr su Im kmw<fr BI áqwwipq ikxw gxw[ s. kpur is<g ko qo Kwlsw ji 'nvwb' nwm sy s<boidwq krqy Qwy, Ab s. jásw is<g ko 'pwqswwh' nwm sy s<boidwq ikxw jwny lgw[ (dyko, KuSwv<q is<g ricq 'E ihátöi AWP di is$s', p T 132) jæmwny ny kuc hi v wo~< ky bwd esi pwqswwh ko Akwl purk ki pwqswwhi kw is#kw mwrqy dykw[ lwhor as pwqswwhi ki rwjdwwni bnw idxw gxw Qww[ Xh s. jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw hi Qww, jo AjIm Pqh (mhwn ivjyqw) ky }p my< 1762 e~. my< lwhor my< dl Kwlsw ki swri POj kw mohri bn kr dwikl huaw Qww AOr is#k pwqswwhi kw phlw is#kw mwrw Qww[ 'pwqswwh' khlvwny vwly s. jásw is<g klwl scmuc hi lwhor mwrny ky swqw Kwlsw pwqswwhi kw bwdswwh bn cukw Qww[ logo< ny askw BwrI ávwgq ikxw[ vy Ab pwqswwh jásw is<g ko 'sulqwn-al-kom' kh kr bulwny lgy[ bwbw dip is<g ji SwhId ky Swu} ike kwm ko isry cfæwny vwly BI srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw Qwy[ bwbw dip is<g ji ki Swhwdq ky bwd AËXwcwrI Swwsko< AOr mugl ptwno< ko AivámrxwIX sbk iskwny ky ile s. jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny hi smuh imsldwro< ko Xh bdlw lyny ky ile llkwrw Qww AOr jl<dwr qk mugl ptwni POj Dwkylqy hue 1758 e~. my< anko vwips kwbul Bwg jwny ky ile mjæbur kr idxw Qww[ qymur (AÑdwlI kw puz) qqww askw cip kmw<fr jhwn Kwn bvi muiskl sy jwn bcw kr Bwg skw[ vjirwbwd ky pws cnwb dirxw pwr krqy smx ankw swrw mwl-asbwb BI lut ilxw AOr ptwn lswkirxo< ko bw<dw kr I Am qsr swihb lwxw gxw qqww ansy I hirm<dr swihb kw srovr swp krvwxw gxw[ AÑdwlI ny jo Apmwn I hirm<dr swihb kw ikxw Qww, askw purw-purw ihswb cukqw ikxw[ Ab is#k Ek qrh sy p<jwb ky vwihd hwikm Qwy[ ijs qrh s. jásw is<g Kwlsw pwqswwhi áqwwipq krny my< BI sbsy Awgy Qwy AOr ijs Awdr-sËkwr ky pwz Qwy, asky vy Xo^X BI Qwy AOr iáqwr BI[ vy srbá Kwlsw ky swqw hr jgh KVy Qwy[ Kwlsw ki SwUrvIrqw áqwwipq krny my<, SwZu AOr AËXwcwrI ko llkwrny my<, pwqswwhi kw J<fw gwfæny my<, q$æqo-qwj ko hwisl krny my<, Kwlsw ky isr

21 gurmiq zwn 23 pr SwwhI CZ Julwny my< Awjæwd ike p<jwb AOr Awjæwd krvwe~ ki dysw ki DwrqI pr Kwlswe~ inswwn swihb gwfæny AOr <cw rkny my< Ev< AwiKr qk muiskl smx my< BI GØlUGwro< my< byswumwr j$æm Kw-Kwkr dlo< ky dl ko SwZu ky hmly sy bcwkr jgh pr ly jwny my< srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw sdw KVy njær AwE[ Kwlsw pwqswwhi ky Xy mhwn mwqw su<dri ji ki AwSwI w AOr nvwb kpur is<g ki Xo^X AguAwe~ kw sdkw hi Kwlsw ko nsib hue[ Eysy mhwn nyqw, prm guris#k, SwUrvIr synwpiq AOr bui mwn inmw~qw Qwy srdwr jásw is<g klwl, gu{ ky lwl, pwqswwh srdwr, Kwlsw dlo< ky nyqw, sulqwn-al-kom AOr PKR-al-kOm, ijn pr gu{-mwqw, p<qw- Dwwn AOr is#k s<gq ki pw ki d i t QwI[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny mwqw su<dri ji sy AwSwIvw~d ilxw, gu{-ipqw klgidwr pwqswwh ki lwswni Bi#q ki AOr Apny pwlk nvwb kpur is<g qqww is#k p<qw ky swqw vpw inbwe~, jo rxw-buim ky Xo w-inh<g Qwy, ijnho<ny Apnw lhu-psinw p<qw ky inmw~xw my< lgw idxw[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw mhwn Xo w Qww, ijsny kwbul, k<dwwr AOr ih<doáqwn ky AËXwcwrI, jæwilm dir<dy AÑdwlI ko rxw-@wyz my< llkwrw AOr Dwm~-Xu my< ivjx wîq ki[ inás<dyh srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ATwrhvI< sdi kw AqulnIX jrnyl, gu{-p<qw, Kwlsw kw vpwdwr s<q-ispwhi AOr is#k s<gq kw inmw~xw-syvk Qww[ jæmwnw kbi swjæo-nwdr hi Eysy mhwn ÛXi#q pydw krqw hy[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny is kr idxw ik d Fæ ivsvws, inr<qr XËn AOr Dwm~ qqww dysw ky swqw AtUt ÎXwr-mohÑbq hi SwUrvIr Xo wao< ki SwmSwyry<, qlvwry< AOr j<g ky hiqwxwr hoqy hy<, jo AwiKr jæwilm ko SwPhw-E-háqI sy hrpy-glq ki qrh imtw kr rk dyqy hy< AOr kom ki sidxo< ki gulwmi qqww prwdwinqw ki j<jiro< ko qov kr pws-pws kr dyqy hy< : XkI< muhkm, Aml pyhm, muhñbq Pwiqhy Awlm, jhwid-ijæ<dgwni my< hy< Xh mrdo< ki SwmSwIry<[ qqww : gulwmi my< n kwm AwqI hy< SwmSwIry< n qdbiry<[ jo ho joik-xki< pydw, qo kt jwqi hy< j<jiry<[ (ekbwl) srdwr jásw is<g ny juøm, jbr, gulwmi ki A<DwyrI rwq my < Apny qn-bdn pr Anyk Gwv sh kr AOr SwrIr ky lhu kw AwiKrI kqrw bhw kr kwli A<DwyrI rwq ko imtw kr rk idxw[ jysy sykvo<-hjæwro< qwro< ky KUn sy AwiKr spyd roswni ki Bwq kt hoqi hy, asi qrh es sulqwn-al-kom ny kitnwexo<, muisklo< AOr qklipo< ki jrw BI prvwh n krqy hue AwiKr Kwlsw pwqswwhq kw sux~ adx kr idkwxw, ijssy pw<c dirxwao< ki DwrqI sy juøm, ANXwX AOr AËXwcwr kw ghrw A<Dwyrw sdw ky ile dur ho gxw[ jnqw ny es qyjávi sux~ ko Juk-Juk kr slwm ki[ j}rq hy ik gu{-p<qw my< ipr sy koe~ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw pydw ho, jo ANXwX AOr BydBwv ky jbr Bry lskr ko pcwv dy qqww sçcy A@wro< my< dysw my< ''scw Am{ sci pwqswwhi'' áqwwipq kry[ swrw p<qw XhI AwSww lgwe bytw hy[

22 gurmiq zwn 24 srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw : jivn-s<g w~ AOr wiîqxw< I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ky ÈXoiq-joq smwny ky ds swl bwd AOr bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ky SwhId hony ky do swl bwd gw<v AwhlU, ijælw lwhor my< klwl Kwndwn my< s. bdr is<g ky Gr 1718 e~. my< s. jásw is<g kw jnm huaw[ vy s. jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw nwm sy is hue AOr sulqwn-al-kom kw ikqwb hwisl ikxw[ anho<ny nvwb kpur is<g ky bwd 1748 e~. sy 1783 e~. qk is#k kom kw nyq Ëv ikxw[ vy AwhlUvwilXw imsl ky sbsy AiDwk is AOr SwUrvIr jrnyl Qwy[ AwhlUvwilXw imsl an bwrh imslo< my< sy Ek imsl hy ijskw eiqhws bvw hi gorvmxi hy[ imslo< ky smx is<go< kw Awcrxw : imslo< ky smx is<go< kw Awcrxw bhuq hi pivz AOr AwdSw~ Qww[ Dwwim~k }p sy inxm my< b<dwy hue vy swdw jivn ÛXqIq krqy Qwy AOr rwjniiqk }p sy bhuq mjæbuq qqww cfædi klw my< ivcrxw krny vwly Qwy[ as smx is<g Am q vyly atqy, SwOc-ánwn ky bwd inánym-pwt AOr ismrn krqy Qwy[ vy myhnqi Qwy[ duksuk my< hmysww smqol AOr <ci cyqnw rkqy Qwy[ hr kwr ky k t AOr BUK Awid sh lyqy Qwy[ SwáZ clwnw ËXyk is<g ko Awqw Qww[ vy AÇCy GuVsvwr Qwy[ Dwm~ AOr p<qw ki Kwiqr j<g my< juj kr mrnw Apnw AÇCw Bw^X smjqy Qwy[ mydwn-e-j<g my< ijs is<g ko ijqny AiDwk j$æm hoqy aqnw hi vh - o. kwsw is<g (idv<gq) AiDwk bhwdur AOr Bw^Xvwn mwnw jwqw Qww[ qb is<go< my< Dwm~ AOr gurbwxwi ky ile AtUt w QwI[ jivn propkwri Qww[ AwËm-sMmwn AOr eèjq ki Kwiqr mrimtny ki qvp QwI[ nyki ky ile hr smx is<g kmr kskr qyxwr-br-qyxwr rhqy Qwy[ hr rojæ inëx ki Ardws ky bwd vy Xh dohrw jæ}r pfæqy Qwy : AwigAw Be~ Akwl ki qby clwxo p<qw[ sb iskn ko hukm hy gu} mwinao gr<qw[ gu} gr<qw ji mwinao prgt gurw< ki dyh[ jo B ko imlbo chy Koj Swbd mih lyh[ rwj krygw Kwlsw AwkI rhy n koe[ KuAwr hoe sb imly<gy bcy Swrxw jo hoe[ kwjæi nur muhmmd ny as smx ky is#ko< ky bwry my< jo Swbd khy hy<, anmy< sy Ek a rxw kw Kulw Anuvwd es kwr hy :- ''Xy (is#k) j<g my < scmuc Swyr hy <[ mydwn- E-j<g my < jo bhwdur Swyr ki qrh lvy vh kuáw kysy ho skqw hy? Agr koe~ lvny kw F<g siknw cwhqw hy qo ensy siky[... enkw lkb is<g (Swyr) hy[ enko kuáy khnw nwe<swpi hy[... Xy KulidlI my< hwqm ko mwr krqy hy<[ jb Xy ApnI qlvwr KI<c inklqy hy< qo koe~ blvwn enkw mukwblw nhi< kr skqw Awid-Awid['' Awgy clkr kwjæi nur muhmmd ilkqw hy :- ''Ek bwq AOr BI suno, jo dusry

23 gurmiq zwn 25 lvwko< sy enmy< Kws idkwe~ dyqi hy, vo Xh hy ik Xy inb~l ko nhi< mwrqy, BgOVy kw picw nhi< krqy, iksi ázi ko nhi< lutqy, cwhy vh milkw hi #Xo< n ho[ enmy< cori AOr XwrI ibøkul nhi<['' AwhlUvwilXw imsl AOr srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw : AwhlUvwilXw imsl ky muikxw s. bwg is<g gw<v hlovwl vwly Qwy AOr esky is muikxw s. jásw is<g hue, jo ik gw<v AwhlU, ijælw lwhor ky Qwy[ vy Kwlsw dl ki jëqwyb<di AOr imsly< kwxm krny vwlo< my< sy svo~çc Qwy[ j<g ky smx Xw khi< hmlw krqy smx Awp p<qw kw nyq Ëv krqy Qwy[ s. bwg is<g hlovwl s. jásw is<g ky mwmw Qwy[ enki koe~ s<qwn nhi< QwI, esile enho<ny ApnI imsl ki srdwri srdwr jásw is<g ko so<pi[ srdwr jásw is<g ABI CotI amr ky hi Qwy ik enky ipqw kw dyhw<q ho gxw[ enky mwqw ji enko idøli my< mwqw su<dri ji ky pws ly ge[ vhw< mwqw su<dri ji ny enki pfæwe~ kw b<dw ikxw[ gurmuki ky Alwvw enho<ny PwrsI BI pfæi[ do-qwry ky swqw kiq~n krnw iskwxw[ mwqw su<dri ji ny es honhwr bwlk ko Ek guj~ ki bi$æswsw ki[ kuc eiqhwskwro< ny ilkw hy ik mwqw ji ny srdwr jásw is<g ko Ek qlvwr, Fwl, qiro< kw BËQww AOr cw<di ki Ek cob ki bi$æswsw ki[ mwmw bwg is<g ny enko GuVsvwrI AOr SwáZ-iv w iskwxi : 1729 e~.. my< s. bwg is<g idøli ge AOr ApnI bhn qqww Bw<jy ko mwqw su<dri ji ky pws ly AwE[ mwmw ji ny enko GuVsvwrI AOr SwáZ-iv w iskwe~[ Ek bwr (mwmw) s. bwg is<g ApnI bhn qqww Bw<jy ko swqw lykr krqwrpur nvwb kpur is<g ky pws ge[ vhw< Am q vyly ky divwn my< mw<-puz ny Awsw ki vwr kw kiq~n ikxw[ jb nvwb kpur is<g ny s. jásw is<g ko ApnI mwqw ky swqw byt kr do-qwrw bjwqy dykw qo nvwb kpur is<g s. jásw is<g sy bhuq Bwivq hue[ anho<ny s. jásw is<g ki mw< sy enhy< mw<g ilxw AOr as idn sy enki dykbwl krni Swu} kr di[ es kwr Xy Kwlsw dl my< Swwiml ho ge[ nvwb kpur is<g ny Apny jëqwy ky swqw srdwr jásw is<g ko Am q CkwXw AOr Ek pwxw BI di[ bwd my< srdwr jásw is<g ny BI Apny jëqwy ky mwdxm sy ke~ srdwro< ko Am q CkwXw, ijnmy< sy Ek rwjw Amr is<g pitxwlw Qwy[ SwUrvIr AOr inpuxw niiqvwn : srdwr jásw is<g bvy SwUrvIr, su<dr, jvwn AOr d Fæ erwdy ky mwilk Qwy[ Awp <cy Awcrxw vwly, kubw~ni ky mujásmy AOr niiq my< inpuxw Qwy[ hr bwq ko jødi smjny ki suj rkqy AOr jb PYslw kr lyqy qo Ekdm Aml krny ky ile kud pvqy[ Anyk muihmo< my< Ahmd Swwh AÑdwlI ky hmlo< ky smx Awpny bvi bhwduri kw sbuq idxw[ Kwlsw dl ki cfæwexo< my< srdwr jásw is<g ny bhuq Xo^X nyq Ëv ikxw[ p<qw ny Awpko sulqwn-al-kom kw ikqwb idxw[ Awpny is#kw jwri ikxw[ I hirm<dr swihb ki syvw ki AOr punin~mw~xw krvwxw[ hjæwro< ih<du biçcxw< ptwno< ky swqw lv kr ansy CuVvwe~<[

24 < gurmiq zwn 26 bvy GØlUGwry my< enho<ny bvi virqw ky swqw lvqy hue Apny ijám pr ke~ vwr Jyly[ es kwr enky SwrIr pr bwe~s j$æm lgy[ 1774 e~. my< srdwr jásw is<g ny rwx ebrwihm sy kpurqwlw ilxw[ cwlis lwk kw elwkw enky ADwIn Qww AOr AwT hjæwr svwr enky pws rhqy Qwy[ enkw dyhw<q 1783 e~. my< I Am qsr swihb my< huaw[ bwbw Atl rwx swihb ky gu{ªwry ky pws enki Xwd my< gu{ªwrw swihb suswoibq hy[ srdwr jásw is<g ki do lvikxw< QwI<, lvkw koe~ nhi< Qww, esile enho<ny ApnI imsl ki srdwri Apny cwcw s. gurbksw is<g ky puz s. Bwg is<g ko di[ AwhlUvwilXw imsl ky elwky : my< imsl ky elwky my < kpurqwlw, qlv<fi, j<ifxwlw (jl<dwr) Swwiml hy<[ enky Alwvw Awj ky ijælw I Am qsr swihb AOr qrnqwrn my< srhwli, j<ifxwlw, b<fwlw, jlwlwbwd, vyrovwl, PiqAwbwd AOr goe<dvwl swihb BI Qwy[ Ab Awgy srdwr jásw is<g ªwrw ike kuc kwrnwmo< kw ijæÿ hy, ijnsy enky ªwrw ike s<g w~ Ev< ki ge~ wiîqxo< ki kuc Jlk swmny AwEgI :- krqwrpur ki j<g : bwbw dip is<g ji ki Swhwdq ky bwd AÑdwilXo< ny AdInw byg ko jl<dwr sy inkwl idxw[ aski jgh nwisr AlI hwikm áqwwipq ikxw gxw, ijsny krqwrpur (jl<dwr) pr hmlw krky Swhr ko lutw AOr gu{ªwrw Qw<m swihb ko jlw idxw[ ih<du AOr is#k iázxo< kw Apmwn ikxw[ AdInw byg ny sofi vfbwg is<g ko ilkw ik Agr is#k myri mdd kry< qo my< hmysww is#ko< kw vpwdwr rhu<gw[ vfbwg is<g ny Kwlsw sy pucw qo is<go< ny shwxqw krni m<jur kr li[ Kwlsw dl AOr AdInw byg ki POj krqwrpur ky njædik ek I ho ge~[ nwisr AlI BI t#kr lyny ky ile qyxwr Qww[ vh qgvi POj lykr Aw phu<cw[ Awmny-swmny lvwe~ hony lgi[ AdInw byg ny srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw sy khw-- ''mugl AOr ptwn ispwhi Ek hi jysy hy <[ Awpky is<g BRm my Awkr myri POjæ ki hi mwr-kwt n kr dy <['' srdwr jásw is<g, jo ik bvy niiqvwn Qwy, Ekdm boly-- ''qumhwry ispwhi isr pr gyhu< ki bwli Xw hry páy tw<g ly<, is<g anko phcwn ly<gy['' Eysy hi ikxw gxw[ phly AdInw byg ki POj ko ptwno< ny picy Dwkyl idxw[ Xh dyk kr srdwr jásw is<g, s. iswawm is<g AOr s. krm is<g p<jgfæ ky jëqwy Awgy bfæy[ anho<ny es qrh mukwblw ikxw ik ptwno< kw mu<h mov idxw[ nwisr AlI mwrw gxw[ aski POj Bwg ge~[ 1757 e~. ky A<q my< Xh j<g KËm hue~[ Kwlsy ny qis hjæwr ikrwj ilxw : jb pwnipq ki qisri lvwe~ KËm hue~ qo asky bwd Kwlsw dl ny ApnI qwkq bfæwny ky XËn Awr<B ike[ durw~ni ny lwhor my< koe~ mjæbuq gvn~r nhi< áqwwipq ikxw Qww[ is#k AÇCI s<$xw my< ek w hue[ anho<ny srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ki kmwn qly lwhor ko jw Gyrw[ durw~ni ky mukqxwro< ny Kwlsw POj ky swqw bwqciq ki[ qis hjæwr ikrwj lykr Kwlsw ny ApnI POj picy htwe~[

25 gurmiq zwn 27 Kwlsy kw lwhor pr kñjæw : $vwjæw AbId ny jb gujrw<vwlw ki qrp mu<h ikxw qo s. cfæq is<g ny Ekdm mukwbly ky ile qyxwri kr li[ B<gI AOr knhe~e aski mdd ky ile AwE[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw BI aski shwxqw ky ile phu<c ge[ es swmuihk hmly kw nqijw Xh huaw ik $vwjw mwr Kwkr Bwg KVw huaw[ vo es qrh Bwgw ik lwhor jwkr sw<s li[ Kwlsy ny Awgy qk askw picw ikxw[ Kwlsw dl ki POj ny lwhor ko Gyrw fwl ilxw[ $vwjæw bhuq fr gxw AOr ikly ky A<dr jw icpw[ edwr I Am qsr swihb my< 1761 e~. my< is#k s<gq BwrI s<$xw my< ek w hue~[ Xhw< gurmqw pwirq huaw ik lwhor pr hmlw ikxw jwe[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ki kmwn qly lwhor ko Gyr ilxw gxw[ Swhr ki cwrdivwri qov kr A<dr dwikl hony kw PYslw ikxw gxw, pr<qu Swhr invwisxo< ny Xh dyk kr ik lwhor kw gvn~r es kwibl nhi< ik Swhr ko bcw sky qo anho<ny Swhr ky drvwjæy Kol ide[ Swhr ky muikxo< ny srdwr jásw is<g ky swqw smjoqy ki bwq ki[ es kwr Kwlsy ny lwhor pr kñjæw kr ilxw[ sulqwn-al-kom ki pdvi : lwhor my< bsqy sb logo< ny ADwInqw ávikwr kr li[ is<g Ardws ky bwd jo inëx pfæqy Qwy-- 'rwj krygw Kwlsw', vh nwrw swkwr }p my< purw huaw[ Kwlsy ny Swhr kw b<dw s<bwlw[ sb kwm-kwj kuc idno< my< hi TIkTwk ho gxw[ es Avsr pr p<qw ny srdwr jásw is<g ko bwdswwh mwnw[ enko sulqwn-al-kom kw ikqwb idxw gxw[ p<jwb ki rwjdwwni pr kñjæw krky srdwr jásw is<g ny is#kw jwri ikxw[ 1. lohgfæ ky ikly my< Kwlsy kw phlw is#kw bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ny jwri ikxw Qww[ 2. dusri bwr Kwlsy kw is#kw lwhor my< srdwr jásw is<g ny jwri ikxw[ 3. esky bwd Swyr-E-p<jwb mhwrwjw rxwjiq is<g ny lwhor ky q$æq pr bytkr is#kw clwxw, ijskw nwm 'nwnkswwhi is#kw' Qww[ bvw GØlUGwrw (1762 e~.) : bvw GØlUGwrw, ijsmy< mlyrkotlw ky inkt hjæwro< hi is#k Ahmd Swwh AÑdwlI ki POj ky swqw lvqy SwhId hue, Xh dd~nwk swkw Qww[ Kwlsy ky kwiply my< lgbg pcws hjæwr is<g Qwy[ kwiply ny gw<v kuîp (kuîp {hivw) ky Kuly mydwn my< fyrw fwl ilxw[ swmwn sihq iázxw< AOr bçcy gw<v grmw my< itkwe ge[ Kwlsw dl kw nyq Ëv srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw AOr anky swqwi s. iswawm is<g, s. cfæq is<g, s. krovw is<g, s. krm is<g, s. hri is<g AOr s. nwhr is<g kr rhy Qwy[ phly jyn Kwn, srbul<d AOr kwism Kwn pæi ny hmlw ikxw[ is<go< ny mu<hqov jvwb idxw[ Xh dykkr Ahmd Swwh ny hmlw ikxw[ kuîp {hivy ky mydwn my< is<go< pr bvi Awpdw Awe~[ kwiplw cwro< qrp sy POj ky swqw igr gxw[ BwrI këlyawm huaw[ no imslo< ny imlkr kwiply ki r@ww ky ile lvwe~ ki[ is<g lvqy-lvqy Awgy bfæ rhy Qwy[ es kwr is<g Fwe~-qIn mil hi Awgy bfæy Qwy ik srdwr jásw is<g ko pqw clw ik Swwh vli Kwn AwT hjæwr ptwn

26 gurmiq zwn 28 lykr kwiply pr Aw Dwmkw[ srdwr ji ny Awgy bfækr kwiply ky bcwv kw XËn ikxw[ anky swqw s. cfæq is<g AOr anki POj BI QwI[ bhuq BXwnk lvwe~ hue~[ Xhw< Ek Avsr pr srdwr jásw is<g dusmn ki POj my< igr ge[ s. gurmuk is<g ny Xh dyk kr khw-- ''srdwr ji! Awgy inkl clo['' srdwr ji ny aár idxw-- ''mujy p<qw Apnw srdwr khqw hy[ musibq ky smx my< jwn bcw kr Bwg jw <, Xh mujsy nhi< hoqw[ es ijæ<dgi sy qo moq AÇCI[ Agr my< bc kr inkl jw < qo p<qw myry pr h<sygw[ Xo w kw kwm ft kr lvnw hy, mydwn CoV kr dovnw nhi<['' Eysy kh kr srdwr jásw is<g ny Eysy pwxw clwe~ AOr K<fw KVkwXw ik dusmno< ko mwr mukwxw[ Apny SwrIr pr 22 j$æm KwE[ lhu-luhwn ho ge, pr<qu idlyri ky swqw Awgy bfæqy cly ge AOr lvqy hi ge[ Xh këlyawm 5 PrvrI, 1762 e~. ko huaw, jo ik bvw GØlUGwrw nwm sy is hy[ p<jwb my< Kwlsy kw rwèx : 1762 e~. my< Ahmd Swwh AÑdwlI ny I hirm<dr swihb ko bw}d ky swqw avw idxw AOr swqw lgqi ke~ emwrqy< BI Fh-FyrI kr di<[ mlby AOr imæi ky swqw srovr pwt idxw[ AÑdwlI no mhiny lwhor rhw[ mwlvw my< sy at kr Kwlsy ny jyn Kwn srih<d pr hmlw ikxw[ suby ny pcws hjæwr dykr jwn bcwe~[ esi dorwn divwli Aw ge~[ I Am qsr swihb my< myly ky s<b<dw my< swt hjæwr is<go< ny I Am qsr swihb ki qrp kuc ikxw AOr vhw< Aw juvy[ AÑdwlI lwhor sy POj lykr I Am qsr swihb ki qrp cfæ gxw[ KUb lvwe~ hue~ AOr AÑdwlI ki hwr hue~[ vh rwqo-rwq Bwg kr lwhor vwips clw gxw[ p<qw ny Ab Apny J<fy Julw ide[ 1763 e~. my< I Am qsr swihb my< vyswki AOr divwli ky AwXojn hue[ srovr ko swp ikxw gxw[ I hirm<dr swihb kw inmw~xw krny ki ivcwr ki ge~[ swqw hi Xh PYslw huaw ik I hirm<dr swihb ki sur@ww ky ile ApnI syink-swi#q ko bfæwxw jwe[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ky nyq Ëv my< buf`fw dl ny doawbw ky kwpi ihásy pr kñjæw kr ilxw[ sawdq Kwn ko Xhw< sy dovw idxw gxw[ jb 1763 e~. my< divwli ky Avsr pr is#k s<gq I Am qsr swihb ek w hue~ qo pqw clw ik kwbul sy jhwn Kwn POj lykr Aw rhw hy[ is<go< ny BI j<g ki qyxwri kr li[ imslo< ny asy dirxw ky iknwry pr jw Gyrw[ EysI mwr di ik asky hosw avw ide[ vh hwr Kwkr muv gxw[ imslo< ky srdwro< ko AwpsI JgVy my< pvny sy mnw ikxw : jb mhwrwjw Awlw is<g ny 1763 e~. my< Ahmd Swwh AÑdwlI ko ikrwj dynw ávikwr kr ilxw qo dl Kwlsw ny mhwrwjw kw ivrodw ikxw[ qb fr Qww ik is#ko< ky do dl Awps my< hi n lvy<[ srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny as smx Apnw Bwv eáqymwl krky asky ivroidwxo< ko rok ilxw[ Eysy my< KUn-Krwbw hony sy bc gxw[ srdwr jásw is<g ny is#k s<gq ko smjwxw ik mhwrwjw ny smx ki njæwkq ko mu$x rk kr Eysw ikxw[ mhwrwjw ny dl Kwlsw ky iq

27 gurmiq zwn 29 ApnI vpwdwri kw sbuq dyqy hue ne POjI Aohdy KËm kr ide, qwik is#k srdwr my< Apnw Bwv ipr sy kwxm kr sky<[ mhwrwjw Xmunw sy pwr ki is#k POj ki mdd krny ky ile BI mwn gxy[ imslo< kw idøli pr kñjæw : jb qymur Swwh hwr Kwkr p<jwb sy kwbul lot rhw Qww qo bis hjæwr is<go< ny as pr hmlw kr assy Bwrq sy lutw huaw mwl CIn ilxw[ Atk sy pwr hony qk askw picw ikxw[ idøli kw q$æq qb fgmgw rhw Qww[ Swwh Awlm swni nwmmwz hi bwdswwh Qww[ is#k, mrwtw, {hyly AOr A<gRyj Alg-Alg elwko< pr kñjæw ike byty Qwy[ srdwr bgyl is<g ny cwhw ik p<jwb ky swqw hi idøli ky q$æq pr BI is<go< kw kñjæw ho jwe[ anho<ny imslo< ky srdwro< ko bulwvw Byjw[ vy Apny-Apny jëqwy lykr Aw ge[ lgbg cwlis hjæwr is<go< ny idøli ki qrp kuc ikxw[ is<g idøli jw Gusy[ mjnu< ky tily pr phu<c kr AjmyrI drvwjæy ky rwáqy jb is<g Swhr my< dwikl hue qo ankw nyq Ëv srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw AOr srdwr jásw is<g rwmgifæxw kr rhy Qwy[ Xy dono< srdwr lwl ikly my< jw phu<cy[ Swwh Awlm Gbrw gxw[ asny Apny m<zi sy khw ik jysy BI ho is#ko< sy bcwny kw koe~ Xws kro[ bwdswwh ki bygm (sm} bygm) ny Xh slwh di ik jysy BI ho imslo< ky swqw smjoqw kr lo[ bwdswwh AOr srdwr bgyl is<g ki mulwkwq hue~[ Ek Swq~nwmw qx huaw AOr srdwr bgyl is<g ki POj gu{ªwro< ky inmw~xw AOr mrmmq Awid krvwny qk idøli my< hi rhi[ shwxk puáqky< :- p<jwbi 1. I gu} p<qw kwsw 2. zwni igawn is<g q SwmSwyr Kwlsw 3. s. rqn is<g (B<gU) q wcin p<qw kwsw 4. Bwe~ kwnh is<g nwbw q mhwn kosw 5 fw. g<fw is<g q srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw 6. jásw ivc ibnod, háqilikq, is#k eiqhws Koj ivbwg, Kwlsw kwlyj I Am qsr swihb[ A<gRyjI 1. kin<gm jy. fi. q ihátöi AWP di is$s 2. mykrygr, q ihátöi AWP di is$s 3. KuSwv<q is<g q ihátöi AWP di is$s 4. Iqm is<g q ihátöi AWP di is#k nyswn 5. ikrpwl is<g q lwe~p AWP mhwrwjw Awlw is<g adu ~ Swyir-p<jwb, Kws A<k, 300 v wi~x kwsw aësv I gu{ goib<d is<g ji PwrsI kwjæi nur muhmmd q j<gnwmh[

28 gurmiq zwn 30 'pir muridw iprhvi' ki AnoKI gorv-gwqww : ikdrwxwy ki j<g sn` 1699 e~. ki vyswki vwly idn hue~ Kwlsy ki s jnw ki Eyiqhwisk AOr e<klwbi Gtnw ky bwd Kwlsw p<qw kw NXwrw qyj AOr (sëx ki) roswni ÈXo<-ÈXo< AiDwk kwswmwn hoqi ge~ ËXo<-ËXo< bwe~dwwr ky phwvi rwjwao< AOr mugl hwikmo< kw dsm pwqswwh ky iq e~ Xw~lu rvyxw, ivrodw qqww Gyrw AOr AiDwk qikw, hmlwvr qqww s<kixw~ hoqw gxw[ Pláv}p sn` 1701 e~ávi ky A<q sy lykr sn` 1704 e~. ky mwc~ mhiny qk du t muglo< AOr phwvi rwjwao< ky bvy-bvy BwVy ky lskro< ny e#kwdu#kw CotI-motI mutbyvo< ky Alwvw QwoVy-QwoVy Arsy ky bwd siqgu{ ky jw<bwjæ Xo wao< ki AnoKI, ÎXwr-dIvwnI mu I Br POj ky swqw I An<dpur swihb my< cwr bvi lvwexw< lvi[ en j<go< ki ivswy wqw Xh rhi ik cfæ kr AwE mugl AOr phwvi POj ky itf`fi dlo< ko anki bvi s<$xw ky bwvjud hr j<g my< mu<h ki KwnI pvi[ muglo< AOr phwvi rwjwao< ki synw jb Xu ky mydwn my < siqgu{ ky hwqwo< hwr jwqi qo koe~ pysw clqi n dyk AwiKrkwr iqlimlw kr vh A#sr ke~-ke~ idno< qk I An<dpur swihb ngr ko Gyr kr byti rhqi[ Eysw krny ky picy ankw m<qûx Xh hoqw ik Kwlswe~ POj ko bwhr sy koe~ j<gi mdd Kws kr rsd-pwni n phu <cy[ pirxwwmáv}p BUK AOr ÎXws ky mwry is<go< ky ho<sly páq ho jwe< AOr vy Apny gu{ kw swqw AQww~q` I An<dpur swihb CoVkr Bwg jwe<[ quko~ < AOr phwvi -fw. jgjivn is<g* rwjwao< ki es GitXw rxwniiq ny cwhy phly BI kuc Ek j<go< ky dorwn gu{ ky ÎXwry is<g Xo wao< ky smp~xw-bwv, jæñq, sbr, s<qo w AOr DwYX~ kw kvw eimqhwn ilxw Qww, pr<qu I An<dpur swihb ki sbsy AiDwk l<bi, Qwkw dyny vwli j<g, jo A<dwjæn sn` 1704 e~. ky me~ (ÈXy T) mhiny sy Awr<B hokr {k-{k kr clqi hue~ 20 ids<br, 1704 e~. (16 po w, s<vq` 1761 ibÿmi) AQww~q` siqgu{ ky I An<dpur swihb CoVny qk inr<qr jwri rhi, anky smp~xw-bwv, ÎXwr AOr is#ki-awáqww ko prkny vwli sbsy AiDwk kvi pri@ww QwI[ es j<g ky Awr<B ky smx siqgu{ ki hjuri my< hk-sc AOr Dwm~ ky ile Apnw Awp kubw~n krny vwly lgbg 5000 is<g Xo wao< ki POj mojud QwI, jbik dusri qrp I An<dpur swihb ky igd~ Gyrw fwlny ky ile smx ky jæwilm Swwsko< ki hmlwvr hokr Awe~ BwVy ki mugl AOr phwvi POj ki kul s<$xw swq-awt lwk ky krib QwI[ s<$xw ki Asmwnqw ky p@w sy duinxw ky eiqhws ki Xh byimswl j<g QwI, ijsmy< is<go< ki AwáQww AOr jujw}pn ki AjIb prk hue~[ Ek mhiny kw Xu jb koe~ PYslw n kr skw qo Kwlsy ko Qwkwny ki rxwniiq ky A<qg~q dusmn ny dm lykr lvnw Swu} kr idxw[ ke~-ke~ idn j<g ky ibnw biqny lgy, pr<qu I An<dpur swihb ki nwkwb<di idnoidn AOr ÈXwdw mjæbuq hoqi ge~[ Anwj ky jækiry KËm hony lgy[ pswuao< ky ile cwrw *EsosIEt, opysr p<jwbi ivbwg, mwqw gujri kwlyj, PiqhgV swihb, Pon :

29 < gurmiq zwn 31 KËm hony lgw[ GoVy-hwQwI BUK sy mrny lgy[ is<g Xo w rwq ky smx dusmn POj pr Acwnk hmlw krky Aº AOr cwrw kwpi mwzw my < CIn lwqy, pr<qu es kwx~vwhi my< bvw jwni nukswn BI ho rhw Qww[ lgwqwr Swhwdqo< ky kwrxw is<g Xo wao< ki s<$xw idno-idn km ho rhi QwI[ AwiSvn mhiny ky AwiKr qk I An<dpur swihb my< lgbg do hjæwr is<g Xo w hi bcy Qwy[ jb kuc is<g BUK-ÎXws AOr lgwqwr j<g krny ky kwrxw s$æq infwl AOr kmjæor pv ge, qo anky mjæbuq mn AOr erwdy BI smx pr fgmgw ge[ kmjæor mno< my< I An<dpur swihb AQww~q` siqgu{ ko CoVny kw $Xwl Bw} ho gxw, pr<qu esko Ekdm anki }h ki ávi iq n imli[ kuc idno< qk sbi duivdww my < pvy rhy[ aprw<q koe~ pysw clqi n dyk AwiKrkwr ek w hokr siqgu{ ky smmuk AwE AOr gly my < pølw fwl kr, isr Jukw kr KVy ho ge[ iksi my < kuc bolny ki ihmmq nhi< QwI[ sb kuc jwnny vwly siqgu{ ny kuc pl qi@ww krny ky bwd es kwr ek w hokr Awny kw kwrxw pucw qo AgRqm is<g (Bwe~ mhw< is<g) ny ivnqi ki-- ''sçcy pwqswwh ji! hmny Gr jwnw hy[ hmsy Ab AOr lvw nhi< jwqw['' Apny AnukrxwwËmk (nwdi) puzo< (Kwlsw) ko Apny ib<di supuzo< (cwr swihbjæwdy) sy BI AiDwk mohñbq krny vwly siqgu{ ky ile Xy pl bvy vyrw^x Bry AOr adws krny vwly Qwy[ kligxw< vwly pwqswwh ny bvy rhm ky swqw, BUK ky hwqwo< hwry Apny ÎXwry is<go< ki qrp dykw, aprw<q kuc smx KwmoSw rhny ky bwd Bry mn ky swqw iksi dyvi adwsi my < vcn ikxw-- ''byswk cly jwao, pr<qu jwqy-jwqy gu{-murid kw ÎXwr qovny ki Xwd Xw inswwni ky }p my < Ek 'bydwvw' hmy < ilk kr dy jwao['' ÎXwr ky AtUt b<dwn ki <ci smj AOr es bic vwly dwvy, AiDwkwr, Apnwpn AOr hk ky Bwvo< ky swqw lbryjæ siqgu{ ky Xy Aiq ghry AOr BwvpUxw~- Bwvuk vcn jysy hi Bwe~ mhw< is<g ky kwno< my pvy, askw swrw SwrIr c<f ÎXwr-subkI ky swqw kw<p atw, QwrQwrw atw, vyrw^x my < Awe~ }h krwh ati[ Aiq GbrwE hue ny nir BrI Aw<Ko< ky swqw roqy, igvigvwqy hue pucw-- ''bydwvw! sçcy pwqswwh #Xw kh rhy ho?'' hjur pwqswwh ny ipqw ki Bw<iq Bwe~ mhw< is<g ki pit pr hwqw Pyrw[ qëpscwq pury Apnypn AOr AiDwkwr-Bwv ky swqw vcn ikxw-- ''ÎXwry Kwlsw ji! hmwrw khnw hy ik Awp sbi ji sdky cly jwao, pr<qu jwny sy phly gu{-isw X ky muk s ÎXwr-sMb<Dw ko qovny AQww~q` ÎXwr ky irsqy ky dwvy ko CoVny ky inswwn, icnh Xw sbuq ky }p my < mujy Ek kwgjæ pr Xy SwÑd ilk kr, dáqkq krky dy jwao ik ''Awj sy Awp hmwry gu{ nhi< AOr hm Awpky is#k nhi<['' siqgu{ ky apro#q vyrw^xmxi AOr rmjæmxi vcn sunkr Bwe~ mhw< is<g AOr asky bwki 39 swqwi idlgir qqww bygwnypn ki AváQww my< kuc smx qk ivcwro< my< fuby rhy[ qëpscwq pqw nhi< Akwl purk prmwëmw ky kon-sy e~svrix hu#m my< Ek (Bwe~ mhw< is<g) ny hoslw krky kwgjæ pr Xy lïjæ ilky[ ipr sbi ny bwri-bwri sy Bry mn AOr kw<pqy hwqwo< ky swqw es pr Apny dáqkq ike AOr hjur ko dykr I An<dpur swihb sy ivdw ho ge[ bhuq hi ÎXwry murido< (is<go<) ªwrw bydwvw dykr cly jwny ki Gtnw, murid-îxwr my < gu <Qwy, Aiq s²dx AOr s<vydnswil siqgu{ ky ile inás<dyh Ash sdmy ki qrh QwI, pr<qu bhuq hi bvy hosly pwqswwh ny esko e~svrix rjæw jwnqy hue Apny ²dX pr sh ilxw[

30 gurmiq zwn 32 dusri qrp gu{ ky murido< ky ile Xh Gtnw qulnwëmk AwDwwr pr bhuq ÈXwdw nwkuswgvwr AOr k tdwxk QwI[ siqgu{ ky ivxog ny anky ²dX ko A<dr qk j$æmi kr idxw Qww[ adwsi AOr idlgiri ky Bwv mn pr BwrI Qwy[ pr sy gu{ ky ivxog ky qiky qiro< ky swqw bi<dwy Xy is<g jb Apny-Apny Gr phu<cy qo swrw GtnwŸm pqw clny pr Gr ky iksi jiv ny BI anky ike ko AÇCw n jwnw[ sbny XhI khw ik Awpny AÇCw nhi< ikxw[ Gr vwlo<, ivswy wq: iázxo< ªwrw ide qwno< ny anky mn pr kmjæor hony ky Alwvw AprwDw-Bwv, ^lwin AOr pscwqwp kw Eysw Bwv pvw ik anky phly sy hi adws AOr duki mn krwh aty, qvp aty[ sbi PPk-PPk kr ro pvy[ jysy-jysy I An<dpur swihb ky ajwvy, pirvwr ivcovy, cwr swihbjæwdo< AOr mwqw gujri ji ki Swhwdq, mwcivwvy ky j<gl my < klgidwr pwqswwh ki vyrw^xmxi AváQww Awid ky dukdwxi smwcwr en is<go< ky kwno< my < pvy qysy-qysy ivxog AOr pscwqwp kw Bwv AOr c<f hoqw gxw[ smx ky vyg ky swqw shj hi ivxog ki c<f Ai^n ny jhw< Ek qrp siqgu{ ky iq anky ÎXwr AOr vyrw^x ko KUb inkwr idxw vhi< bymuk hony ky gunwh ky isw qi Ehsws AOr pscwqwp ky Aw<suAo< ky swqw pun: qro-qwjæw AOr aèjvl hue anky ²dX my < siqgu{ sy imlny ki eçcw BI jæor pkvny lgi[ is#ko< ki A<qrwËmw my< Gitq ivgws AOr e<klwb vwly es byhd s jnwëmk mwhol my< siqgu{ ky ÎXwr my< r<gi mwqw Bwgo ji ki ihmmq vwli v iá AOr BwvSwwlI yrxww ny sony pr suhwgy kw kwx~ ikxw[ asny Ek kwr sy en is#ko< ki Apny siqgu{ sy tuti Iiq ko ipr sy jovny ky Alwvw anko siqgu{ ki ÎXwr BrI njær AOr Apwr bi$æswsw AQww~q` mui#q ki rhmq ky hkdwr bnwny kw rwáqw spwt ikxw[ Pláv}p 40 is<go< ny hue~ BUl ko bkswwny hyqu siqgu{ sy imlny AOr swqw hi jæwilm mugl hkumq ky iv{ Swu} ike s<g w~ my< ankw mrqy dm qk swqw dyny kw d Fæ PYslw ikxw[ anko Kæbr imli ik klgidwr pwqswwh enhi< idno my< dinw nwmk gw<v my< Thry hue hy< AOr mugl POj bhuq buri qrh sy anky picy lgi hue~ hy; iksi smx BI SwwhI POj ky swqw ankw mukwblw ho skqw hy[ 40 is<go< ky hiqwxwrb<d jëqwy ny Bwe~ mhw< is<g ki kmwn qly kmrkásy kr Ardws ki AOr ipr sy dinw gw<v ki qrp kuc kr idxw[ adwr Pqh ki mhwn Eyiqhwisk ic I 'jæprnwmw' ki rcnw vwly áqwwn gw<v dinw my< codwri SwmIr ky pws Apny pvwv ky AwiKrI idno< my< siqgu{ ko Apny swdwno< sy pqw clw ik srih<d ky AËXwcwrI subydwr vjæir Kwn ko anky dinw gw<v my< itky hony ki Kbr iml ge~ hy AOr vh anko hwqwo<hwqw igrïqwr krny ky erwdy sy pw<c hjæwr ky krib GuVsvwr POj lykr dinw gw<v ki qrp bfæw Aw rhw hy[ j<g ki AnoKI mxw~dw ki pwlnw ko mháw AOr DXwn dwn krny vwly qqww Xu niiq ky mwihr siqgu{ ny AwbwdI vwly elwky my< j<g krnw aicq n smjw[ j<g ky ile ky ryqily ibxwbwn j<gl my< iksi KulI AOr apxu#q jgh ki qlwsw ky <cy mksd ko mu$x rkqy hue anho<ny dinw gw<v CoVny kw PYslw kr ilxw[ dinw sy clqy smx nily bwxwy my< susièjq AOr hiqwxwrb<d hokr GoVy pr svwr kligxw< vwly Iqm ky swqw Bwe~ mwn is<g AOr jwn pr Kyl jwny

31 gurmiq zwn 33 vwly bhuq-sy ne sjy Am qdwwri is<g SwUrvIr BI GoVo< pr svwr Qwy[ esky Alwvw qn$vwh pr BqI~ ike bhuq-sy jvwn qovydwr b<duko<, SwáZo< siqh gu{ ji ky hmspr Qwy[ jlwl, Bgqw Awid gw<vo< sy gujærny ky bwd gu{ ji kot-kpury (kotkpurw) ki DwrqI pr jw phu<cy[ esi smx ky dorwn dusri qrp 40 mjyl is<go< AOr Jbwl gw<v ki mwqw Bwgo ji kw jëqww jb dinw gw<v my< phu<cw qo siqgu{ vhw< sy inkl cuky Qwy[ siqgu{ ky didwr ki ÎXws ko ²dX my< bsw vy siqgu{ ky rwáqy ki DwUl pr bny inswwno< pr clqy ge, pr<qu Alg-Alg pvwvo< pr khi< BI siqgu{ ky njædik AOr smmuk hony ki ihmmq n jutw sky[ vy dur sy hi icp kr gu{ ji kw didwr krqy, bilhwr jwqy AOr ro pvqy[ adwr kotkpurw sy Awgy sçcy pwqswwh kw kwiplw ifølvw< klw<, jyqo, suinar AOr rwmyawxww hoqw huaw ikdrwxwy ki Aor cl pvw[ rwmyawxww sy clqy smx siqgu{ ki POj my< A<dwjæn so sy AiDwk AOr sçcy-suçcy b<dgi vwly is<g juv cuky Qwy[ es qrh kul imlw kr qygo<, qir-kmwno< AOr b<duko< sy lys lgbg 500 wvwn is<g Xo wao< ki GuVsvwr POj siqgu{ ki kmwn qly mojud QwI[ rwmyawxww sy cl kr jb siqgu{ kw jëqww ikdrwxwy ki Fwb (johv) vwly áqwwn pr phu <cw qo j<gi njæire sy muglo< ko krwri t#kr dyny hyqu siqgu{ ko Xh jgh AËXiDwk j<c ge~[ eqni dyr my < siqgu{ ko Apny KuiPXw q<z sy Xh Kbr imli ik vjæir Kwn ki POj 2-4 kos ki duri pr anky picy-picy Aw rhi hy[ mokw s<bwlqy hi gu{ ji ny qur<q Fwb AOr asky Aws-pws vwli jgh kw bvy DXwn sy jwxjæw ilxw[ aprw<q es jgh ki AglI qrp kuc duri pr iáqwq <ci itñbi (tilw) (Xh vo pivz Eyiqhwisk áqwwn hy jhw< Awjkl gu{ªwrw itñbi swihb suiáqwq hy) pr jw fyrw lgwxw[ dusmno< ko krwry hwqw idkwny ki puri mocw~b<di ki ge~[ is<go< ki Alg-Alg toilxw< Fwb ky swqw lgqy Coty-Coty tilo< AOr imæi ki FyirXo< pr KVI JwiVXo< ky picy Aot bnwkr dusmn ky Awny ky e<qjæwr my< qwk lgwkr byt ge~<[ swri qyxwri ky bwd <cy tily pr qsøli ky swqw ivrwjmwn kwiml synwpiq siqgu{ ny DXwn sy dykw ik es jgh sy Fwb kw purw elwkw anky qiro< ki mwr ky nicy hy[ eqny my< siqgu{ ki ÎXwr-for my< b<dww 40 mjyl is<go< AOr mwqw Bwgo ji kw SwáZb jëqww BI siqgu{ ky kwiply ky picypicy vhw< Aw phu<cw[ siqgu{ ªwrw ki mocw~b<di dyk kr anko Xh smjqy dyr n lgi ik vjæir Kwn ki POj ky swqw swmny sy t#kr lyny AOr mr-imtny kw apxu#q smx Ab ibøkul njædik Aw phu<cw hy[ gu{ ky ÎXwry 40 jw<bwjæ mjyl Xo wao< ny ibjli ki PuqI~ ky swqw Fwb ki purb idsww my< suky qwlwb vwli l<bi jgh (ijs qrp sy vjæir Kwn ki POj ky hmlwvr hokr Awny ki puri-puri s<bwvnw QwI) ko ApnI rxw-buim bnwny kw PYslw ikxw[ suky qwlwb ki es l<bi jgh (Xh vo pivz Eyiqhwisk áqwwn hy jhw< Awjkl gu{ªwrw q<bu swihb suswoibq hy) my< ŸmSw: Anyk JwiVXw< QwI<[ isgo< ny bvi smjdwri ky swqw en pr ApnI cwdry<, kuqy~, kcihry qqww ANX kpvy PYlw ide[ es qrh krny ky picy ankw m<qûx Xh Qww ik vjæir Kwn es jgh ko gu{ ji ky q<bu (itkwny vwlw áqwwn) smjy AOr XkInI }p sy sidww edwr hi AwE, ÎXwry siqgu{ ki qrp kbi n jwe[ Agr jwe qo anki lwswo< pr sy gujær kr jwe[ drasl lkvi my< Awg AOr PUl

32 gurmiq zwn 34 my< KuSwbU ky smwe jwny ki Bw<iq anky es sçcy-suçcy AOr bhuq ÎXwry mksd my< byimswl smp~xw Ev< kubw~ni kw jèæbw rmw huaw Qww[ bnwe~ rxwniiq ky ADwIn vy b<duko< AOr ANX SwáZo< sy puri qrh sy lys hokr JwiVXo< ki Aot my< Alg-Alg byt ge AOr ipr BUKy ByiVXo< qqww bwjæo< ki qrh lgy dusmn POj ki krny[ siqgu{ ky itkwny ki Koj krqi vjir Kwn ki POj Awgy bfæqi Aw rhi QwI[ jysy hi vh mjyl is<go< ky icpy hony vwli jgh ky pws phu<ci qo asny as jgh ko siqgu{ kw invws jwnqy hue anko hwqwo<-hwqw pkv lyny ky erwdy sy ibnw koe~ Xojnw bnwe, jødi sy Dwwvw bol idxw[ mokw sw<blqy hue Gwq lgw kr byty bydwvy vwly 40 is<go<, mwqw Bwgo ji AOr anky jëqwy my< Swwiml ANX Xo wao< ny dusmno< pr inswwny bw<dw kr goilxo< ki v ww~ kr di[ Ek phr qk goilxo< ki Aolwv i t hoqi rhi[ Acwnk hue~ mwrdwwv sy vjæir Kwn ki POj my< KlblI mc ge~[ dur <cy tily pr byt kr swrw j<gi njæwrw dyk rhy pwqswwh ji ko Xh smjqy dyr n lgi ik I An<dpur swihb my< anhy< CoVkr cly ge 40 is<g Awj dobwrw isr qli pr rk mydwn-e-j<g my< ApnI SwUrvIrqw vwly krqbo< sy hmy< mnwny AOr irjwny ky ile Aw phucy hy<[ mwqwy pr lgy bymukqw ky DwÑby ko imtwny hyqu Awj vy kuc BI kr gujærny ky ile d Fæ s<køp hy<[ AnukrxwwËmk puzo< AQww~q` Apny ÎXwry Kwlsy kw c<f smp~xw-bwv, d Fæ inscx AOr kubw~ni kw jèæbw dyk siqgu{ sº hue[ isw qi murid- ÎXwr ky AnoKy r<g my< r<gy hue ny itñbi pr KVy hokr Apny qir-kmwn sy dusmn POj pr qiro< ki EysI v ww~ ki ik kuc hi pl my< Anyk siny lhu-luhwn ho ge[ siqgu{ ªwrw brswe qiro< ki bwirsw sy Eysw lgw jysy vy Apny ibcuvy murido< ki ansy ipr imlny ki bl eçcw, pukwr (goilxo< ki Awvwjæ) ko Apny qiro< ki t<kwr ªwrw AnoKy rmjæmxi A<dwjæ my < ávikwr-ávikwr kh kr ávi iq dy rhy ho<[ pr sy dophr ho rhi QwI[ mjyl is<go< ki b<duko< ki goilxw< byswk KËm ho cuki QwI<, pr<qu anki goilxo< ki Awvwjæ (sçcy pwqswwh sy imlny AOr anki njær my < vwn cfæny ki qivr pukwr-ivnqi) ko ghry sw<kyiqk áqr pr qiro< ky mwdxm sy siqgu{ ki wîq hue~ vwngi, SwwbwSwI AOr qyjávi AwSwI w ki bvi }hwni máqi ny anmy< ne~ }h PU <k di QwI[ anho<ny jwnw ik b<duko< ky bwd Ab qygo< kw jlvw idkwny kw smx Aw gxw hy[ gu{- Iiq AOr Dwm~-Xu ky AnoKy cwv my < mkmur cwlis SwUrvIr Acwnk SwmSwyr suq kr ÇCº áqwwno< sy Kuly mydwn my < Aw kt hue[ qëpscwq Aw<DwI ki qrh dusmn dl pr qb qk qyg clwe~, jb qk vy sbi m q Xw s$æq j$æmi hokr DwrqI pr n igr ge[ 40 is<go< ki Swi#qSwwlI divwr ky Fh- FyrI ho jwny ky bwd jb mugl lskr ny byidli ki hwlq my < bhuq swvdwwni ky swqw DwIry-DwIry Awgy bfæny kw XËn ikxw qo ibøkul asi smx <ci itñbi ki qrp iáqwq ke~ swri CotI- CotI itiñbxo< ky pwr b<duk ki goilxw< pury jæor sy brsi<[ dobwrw Acwnk hue bvy jwni nukswn AOr goilxo< ki jæordwr Awsmwn cirqi Awvwjæ ny subw srih<d qqww aski POj kw idl dhlw idxw[ suº hue subydwr ny moq ky mu<h my < jwny ki jgh KVy pyr ApnI POj ko picy htw ilxw AOr Kud codwri kpury ky swqw slwh krny lgw ik #Xw ikxw jwe? kpury ny bqwxw ik is<go< ky kñjæ y vwli Fwb ky

33 gurmiq zwn 35 ibnw es j<gl my< dur-dur qk khi< pwni nhi< AOr Agr asny AOr j<g ki qo s<bwvnw Xh BI hy ik khi< askw swrw lskr ÎXws sy hi qvp-qvp kr n mr jwe[ bvy jwni nukswn ky kwrxw vjæir Kwn phly hi shmw huaw Qww, Ab AOr shm gxw[ vh asi smx POj lykr picy lot gxw[ vh jwqw huaw mry ispwihxo< ki lwswy < dbwny ki ijmmydwri codwri kpury ko so<p gxw[ SwwhI POj ky hrn ho jwny ky bwd gu{ ji kuc is#ko< sihq as jgh phu<cy, jhw< 40 mjyl is<go< ny anki synw ky Awgy mocy~ lgw kr dusmn POj pr phly jæbrdáq golwbwri ki AOr bwd my< Awgy bfæ kr qyg ky johr idkwe Qwy[ siqgu{ ny dykw ik vy sbi ky sbi B<vry ky Swmw ki lo pr mrimtny ki qrh SwhId Xw g<bir }p sy GwXl hokr jæmin pr pvy Qwy[ en ÎXwry murido< ki qrp sy so<pw bydwvy vwlw kwgjæ sçcy pwqswwh ny ABI qk pury DXwn AOr ivswy w }p sy ApnI jyb my< s<bwlw huaw Qww AOr vy bvi dyr sy es idn (punim~ln) ky e<qjæwr my< Qwy[ ymw-bi#q AOr ÎXwr ki ApnI AnoKI ²dXgq ÛXwkrxw hoqi hy[ XhI kwrxw hy ik jhw< 40 is<go< ki siqgu{ sy judwe~ ki Gtnw AOr judwe~ ky smx ki smuci mno- AváQww AËXiDwk mwim~k AOr idl ko CU lyny vwli QwI, vhi< ikdrwxwy ki j<g my< Swhwdqo< ky mwdxm sy siqgu{ ky swqw hue enky mhwimln kw v Áw<q essy BI khi< AiDwk BwvSwwlI, vygmxi, gorvswwli, ivámwdi AOr idlo< ko Awki w~q krny vwlw hy[ siqgu{ bwri-bwri sy swry SwhId is<go< ky pws ge[ ÎXwr my< lbryjæ logo< ny kuc Ek ky hwqwo< ko Apny mwqwy ky swqw ápsw~ ikxw, Apny {mwl ky swqw kuc logo< ky mukvy swp ike, kexo< ko god my< lykr mw< ki qrh dulwr idxw AOr kexo< ky mwqwy cumy[ DwrqI ny phli bwr hjur ki Aw<Ko< my< eqny Aw<sU dyky[ es p@w sy siqgu{ ky jivn kw Xh AwiKrI Dwm~-Xu, jo 21 vyswwk, s<vq` 1762 ibÿmi (8 me~, 1705 e~.) ko lvw gxw, scmuc bvw inrwlw, jèæbwqi AOr ivámwd BrpUr Qww[ gu{ ji ny Apny en ÎXwry murido< (SwhIdo<) my< iksi ko Apnw pw<c hjæwri AOr iksi ko Apnw ds hjæwri kh kr invwjw[ en cwlis my< sy Ek ABI ij<dw Qwy[ gu{ ji anky pws ge[ vy Bwe~ mhw< is<g Qwy[ siqgu{ ky pivz kdmo< ki Awht sun Bwe~ mhw< is<g ny Aw<Ky < KolI<[ anho<ny dyk ilxw ik Xy kon hy<[ anhy< pqw Qww ik pwqswwh jæ}r AwE<gy[ vwáqv my< vy Akyly nhi< issk rhy Qwy, e<qjæwr kr rhy Qwy, AlbÁw anky mwdxm sy sbi ky sbi 40 is<g swmuihk áqr pr issk rhy Qwy, e<qjæwr kr rhy Qwy[ bwki sbi (39) SwhIdo< ki AwËmw mwno anky AguAw Bwe~ mhw< is<g ki AwËmw ky mwdxm sy sw<s ly rhi QwI, siqgu{ ky Awny kw byqwbi ky swqw e<qjæwr kr rhi QwI[ kuc pl pw BrI njær ky swqw dykny ky bwd cojiæ pwqswwh Bwe~ mhw< is<g ky pws byt ge[ isskqy hue Bwe~ mhw< is<g ky SwISw ko jb anho<ny ApnI god my< ilxw qo vy ro pvy[ gu{ ji ky km~ kw koe~ Swumwr n rhw[ pw-gr my< AwE siqgu{ ny e~svrix iv lqw my< vcn ikxw-- ''ÎXwry mhw< is<g! kuc mw<g lo[ Awj jo mw<gogy, imlygw!'' propkwri murid Bwe~ mhw< is<g ny ivnx krqy hue mwsuimxq AOr SwuiŸXw my < khw-- ''hjur! bydwvw PwV do!'' pwlu siqgu{ ny ipr vcn ikxw-- ''kuc AOr mw<g lo!'' ''bs bydwvw PwV do!'' Bwe~ mhw< is<g ny AwáQww ki Awvwjæ my <

34 < < gurmiq zwn 36 khw[ gu{ ji ny asi smx s<bwlw huaw bydwvw bwhr inkwlw[ qrsqy hue Bwe~ mhw< is<g ko idkwxw AOr ipr PwV idxw[ isskqy hue Bwe~ mhw< is<g ny sº hoqy hue, dono< hwqw atw SwuŸwnw ikxw AOr esky bwd Apny myhrbwn AOr bi$æsw<d siqgu{ ki god my < sdw ky ile so ge[ rhm ky Gr AwE siqgu{ ny Bwe~ mhw< is<g sihq sbi cwlis SwhId is<go< ko 'mukqy' pdvi dwn kr, enky ªwrw ki ge~ j<g vwly áqwwn AOr esky swqw lgqy ikdrwxwy ki Fwb kw nwm 'mui#q kw sr' AQww~q` 'mukqsr' rkw[ es mhwn Eyiqhwisk áqwwn pr Awjkl ivswwl Am q srovr AOr esky iknwry gu{ªwrw tuæi g<fi swihb SwoBwXmwn hy[ jysy hi Bwe~ mhw< is<g ny Svws ËXwgy, mdo~ vwly SwáZDwwrI Kwlswe~ Bys vwli Ek j$æmi hue~ virw<gnw ázi ny siqgu{ ky crxwo< pr Aw SwISw invwxw[ Xh mwqw Bwgo ji, mwjy ki is<gni, jo en 40 is<go< ky swqw es qrh Awe~ QwI, jysy mw< bçco< ko lykr AwE[ asny gu{ ji sy ibcuvy en murido< (SwhIdo<) ki ivxog my BIgI adws gwqww gu{ ji ko Awr<B sy lykr Ab qk sunwe~[ Bwe~ gurdws ji ªwrw bqwxi muridi ki AslI krni ''murdw hoe murid n gli< hovxww, swb{ isdik SwhIdu Brm Ba Kovxww['' ko ËX@w }p sy idkwny vwly AOr 'mukqy' hony kw AwSwIvw~d wîq en ÎXwry murido</swhido< kw A<iqm s<ákwr siqgu{ ny Bry mn ky swqw Apny hwqwo< ikxw[ jhw< s<ákwr huaw, as pivz Eyiqhwisk áqwwn pr Awjkl gu{ªwrw SwhIdg<j swihb suswoibq hy[ es swry AnoKy Eyiqhwisk v Áw<q kw swr-qëv Xh hy ik ky 40 is#ko< ªwrw Apny gu{ ky iq ÎXwr kw dwvw Xw hk CoVny kw qik, sbuq Xw gvwh bnw bydwvy vwlw kwgjæ, inás<dyh ÎXwr ki for my < b<dwy dono< p@w (pir AOr murid) ky ile bvw nwkuswgvwr AOr dukdwxi hony ky Alwvw Ahm, su@m, BwvpUxw~ AOr kimqi dáqwvyjæ Qww[ XhI kwrxw hy ik jhw< Ek qrp Anyk bvy Kqrnwk GtnwŸm AOr bvy s<kto< my < sy gujærny ky bwvjud siqgu{ ny es bydwvy vwly kwgjæ ko CoV kr ge Apny murido< ky punim~ln ki qi@ww krny qk ApnI jyb my < bvy DXwn AOr ivswy wqw ky swqw s<bwly rkw Qww, vhi< dusri qrp siqgu{ ko s<kt my < CoV kr cly jwny vwly 40 murido< (is<go<) ki gu{ ky ivxog my < qvpqi AwËmwAo< ko BI ikdrwxwy ki j<g my < Swhwdq kw jwm pi jwny ky bwvjud qb qk cyn, sukun AOr mui#q nhi< nsib hue~ QwI jb qk anky AguAw Bwe~ mhw< is<g ny Svws CoVny sy phly, propkwr ky swqw BrI ApnI A uao< sy BIgI ivnqi ªwrw, sbki qrp sy sw<jy qor pr ilkw bydwvw siqgu{ sy PVvw nhi< ilxw Qww[ hvwly Ev<n itîpixwxw< :- 1. swihb is<g, I gu{ goib<d is<g ji, is<g brwds~, I Am qsr swihb, 1978 (coqwi bwr), p T 159, hir<dr is<g mhbub, sihjy ricao Kwlsw, ASwok buk ifpo, gfædivwlw, 1988, p T krqwr is<g, is#k eiqhws, Bwg 1, iswromixw gu{ªwrw b<dwk kmyti, I Am qsr swihb, 2003 (swqvi< bwr), p T j^gi gurswrn kor (s<pw.), vwrw< Bwe~ gurdws ji, p T krqwr is<g, is#k eiqhws, Bwg 1, iswromixw gu{ªwrw b<dwk kmyti, I Am qsr swihb, 2003 (swqvi< bwr), p T Bwe~ kwnh is<g nwbw, mhwn kosw, Bw ww ivbwg, p<jwb, pitxwlw, 1990 (pw<cvi bwr), p T swihb is<g, I gu{ goib<d is<g ji, is<g brwds~, I Am qsr swihb, 1978 (coqwi bwr), p T

35 gurmiq zwn 37 mwqw Bwg kor ji : is#k eiqhws ki mhwn ázi -bibi div<dr kor* I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ky smx my< iázxo< ko smwj my< G xww ki d i t sy dykw jwqw Qww[ anko Dwm~-áQwwno< pr BI jwny ki Awzw nhi< QwI[ anhy< pyr ki juqi kh kr pukwrw jwqw Qww[ I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ny iázxo< ko smmwnxo^x djw~ idxw AOr PrmwXw-- ''so ika m<dw AwKIEy ijqu j<mih rwjwn ]'' es qrh is#k Dwm~ sy s<b<idwq iázxo< ny kom ki Swwn ky ile kubw~ni di AOr ke~ qrh ky k t shy, bçco< ky tukvy-tukvy krvw kr gly my< hwr flvwe, svw-svw mxw Anwj pisw AOr is#k Dwm~ ki Swwn brkrwr rki qqww dusmn kw ft kr mukwblw ikxw[ mwqw Bwg kor ji an iázxo< my< sy Ek h<y ijn pr is#ko< ko PKR hy[ mwqw Bwg kor ji ny gu{ ji ky swqw j<g my< ihásw lykr SwZu ky swqw do hwqw ike AOr eiqhws ko plt kr rk idxw[ I An<dpur swihb sy bydwvw (s<b<dwivçcyd pz) dykr ge 40 (mjyl) is<go< ko yrxww dykr ankw Kud nyq Ëv krky gu{ ji ki Koj my< mwqw Bwg kor ji ny ikdrwxwy ki DwrqI (Ab I mukqsr swihb) ky j<g- E-mYdwn my< dusmn ki POj kw mukwblw ikxw AOr j<g my< j$æmi ho ge[ I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ny j$æmo< my< shkqi mwqw Bwg kor ji ko dykw qo anky j$æm swp krky mrhmpæi kr TIk ikxw[ *#889, Pys 10, swihbjæwdw AjIq is<g ngr (mohwli) gw<v Jbwl ky pyro Swwh ky do puz Qwy-- mwly Swwh AOr h}[ I gu{ Arjn dyv ji ki is#ki kw es pirvwr pr kwpi Bwv Qww[ mwly Swwh ky Gr cwr puz pydw hue jo bhuq hi SwUrvIr Qwy[ enky bwd Ek puzi ny jnm ilxw[ puzi ky pydw hony ky bwd mwno swrw pirvwr aºiq krny lgw[ swry pirvwr ky sdáx es mihlw ko 'Bwg BrI' khny lgy[ anki shyilxw< anko 'Bwgo' ky nwm sy bulwqi QwI<[ mwqw Bwg kor ji ABI 7-8 v w~ ky Qwy ik anky mwqw ji anhy< siqgu{ ky drbwr my< lykr ge[ as smx I gu{ nwnk dyv ji vwly gu{-áqwwn pr swqvy< pwqswwh I gu{ hirrwx swihb ivrwjmwn Qwy[ CotI-sI lvki ki w AOr ÎXwr ko dyk kr Ek idn swqvy< pwqswwh ny anhy< AwSwIvw~d dyqy hue khw ik ''Xh lvki bhuq DwYX~vwn AOr Bw^XSwwlI hogi AOr eskw nwm bhuq is hogw['' gu{ swihb sy AwSwI w lykr mwqw Bwg kor ji ki mw< bhuq sº hue~ AOr mwqw Bwg kor ji ko gu{-crxwo< ky swqw lgwe rkw[ jb mwqw Bwg kor ji bvy hue qo vy Apny ipqw ky swqw I gu{ qyg bhwdr swihb ky drbwr my< jwny lgy[ Ek smx vo BI Aw gxw jb I An<dpur swihb sy 40 is<g gu{ swihb ko CoV kr AwE qo anko yrxww dykr gu{-

36 gurmiq zwn 38 crxwo< ky swqw pun: jovny ky ile mwqw Bwg kor ji ankw nyq Ëv krqy hue dsvy< pwqswwh ki Koj my< cl pvy[ I mukqsr swihb my< mydwn-e-j<g my< j$æmi hony ky bwd áváqw hokr mwqw Bwg kor ji gu{ ji ki s<gq my< hi rhy[ mwqw Bwg kor ji ky mwxky Jbwl gw<v my< Qwy jbik anki SwwdI pæi ky Ek AÇCy Grwny my< hue~ QwI[ I mukqsr swihb ki j<g AOr gu{ ji ky mwlvy ky spr qqww dmdmw swihb qk mwqw Bwg kor ji gu{ swihb ky swqw hi rhy AOr nw<dyv (di@wxw) my< BI anky swqw hi ge[ mwqw Bwg kor ji kw kd svw C: Put l<bw bqwxw jwqw hy AOr gu{ swihb ky bwd BI mwqw Bwg kor ji ky swhs kw purw dbdbw bnw rhw[ anki ihmmq Ev< SwUrvIrqw ki Dww<k durdur qk QwI[ eiqhwskwro< ky Anuswr punw ky rwjw pr BI mwqw Bwg kor ji ki SwUrvIrqw kw purw Bwv Qww, jo iswvwji mrwtw kw puz s<bw ji bqwxw jwqw hy[ jnvwvw gw<v, jo ik ibdr (knw~tk) sy lgbg 10 iklomitr dur hy, ky do lutyry-fwku Bwe~- - bwlw rwv AOr {áqm rwv isqwrw jyl my< b<d Qwy[ iswvwji mrwtw ky puz s<bw ji ny anko ivibº jumo~< my< kydi bnw rkw Qww[ bwlw rwv AOr {áqm rwv ny punw ky rwjw kw Bwv mwn kr Apny jumo~< sy qobw ki AOr anko jyl sy irhw kr idxw gxw[ dono< fwku Apnw purwnw pysww fwky mwrny, cori krnw CoV kr gw<v Aw ge[ anho<ny BI mwqw Bwg kor ji ki bhwduri ky ikásy suny[ dono< Bwe~ I hjur swihb, nw<dyv ge AOr mwqw Bwg kor ji ko anky gw<v clny ky ile ivnqi ki, #Xo<ik anki elwky my< purwni dusmni QwI AOr vy Apny Awpko Asuri@wq mhsus krqy Qwy[ mwqw Bwg kor ji anki ivnqi pr jnvwvw Aw ge AOr vhw< Ek ikly my<, jo ik <ci jgh pr Qww, fyry lgw ile[ Apny AwiKrI idn anho<ny jnvwvw my< hi gujæwry[ jnvwvw gw<v my< mwqw Bwg kor ji kw gu{ªwrw swihb mojud hy, jo ik gu{ªwrw nwnk JIrw swihb (ibdr) ki b<dwk kmyti ky b<dw qly hy[ es gu{ªwrw swihb ki ne~ emwrq 1988 e~. my< bni[ nw<dyv sy ibdr jwny vwli svk pr hi jnvwvw gw<v hy[

37 gurmiq zwn 39 Cotw GØlUGwrw is#k Dwm~ duinxw kw Aiq ivisw t, v ivswy w Dwm~ hy[ eski ApnI Alg phcwn hy; <ci Awn, bwn AOr Swwn hy[ is#k eiqhws Swhwdqo< kw eiqhws hy[ esky eiqhws ky ËXyk p T pr ke~-ke~ Swhwdqo< kw vxw~n ávixw~m A@wro< my < ilkw huaw imlqw hy[ Dwm~, NXwX, sçcwe~, dysw, kom, mwnvqw ki r@ww Ev< Blwe~ ky ile jivn v s i t ki cfædi klw (aºiq) ky ile jhw< mhwn is#k gu{ao< ny ApnI lwswni Swhwdq di vhi< swihbjæwdo<, Anyk is#k Buj<igXo<, is<go<is<ginxo< ny kubw~inxw< di[ is#k eiqhws ko ËXyk amr ky SwhIdo< ny hr dor my < gorvswwli bnwxw hy[ jhw< Akyly-Akyly is#k ny h<s-h<s kr Swhwdq kw jwm ipxw hy, vhi< Coty v bvy jëqwo< ky }p my < BI is#k SwUrvIro< ny ADwm~, juøm v ANXwX ky iv{ Apnw jivn NXOCwvr ikxw hy[ Alg-Alg smx ky jæwilm v ŸUr Swwsko< ny DwoKy v Pryb sy, nwjwxjæ hqwk<fy Apnwkr, ivpriq piriáqwiqxw< pydw kr is#ko< ky bçco<, Xuvko<, bujugo~ < AOr AOrqo< kw swmuihk këlyawm ikxw[ Eysy swmuihk këlyawm ko hi is#k Dwm~ my < 'GØlUGwrw' khw jwqw hy[ ËXyk GØlUGwrw ny ivsv v mwnv ky eiqhws ki Dwwrw ko ne~ sy ne~ idsww dwn ki[ is#ko< ny ËXyk dor my < cunoiqxo< ko ávikwr ikxw hy, musibqo< kw ftkr mukwblw ikxw hy AOr Apny dusmno< v ivroidwxo< ko nwko< cny cbvwe hy <[ Cotw GØlUGwrw me~, sn` 1746 e~. my < kwhnu <vwn (ijlw gurdwspur) nwmk áqwwn pr Gitq huaw Qww[ -fw. kswmir is<g 'nur'* jkirxw Kwn ki m ËXu ky bwd askw puz XihXw Kwn p<jwb kw gvn~r bnw[ asny lkpq rwx ko divwn inxu#q ikxw[ wr<b my< lkpq rwx ko is#ko< ky swqw kuc hmddi~ QwI[ as smx jo is#ko< kw ivrodw krqw Qww, asy srkwr ki Aor sy ivswy w lwb imlqw Qww[ XihXw Kwn BI is#ko< kw kt`tr ivrodwi bn gxw[ lkpq rwx kw Bwe~ jspq rwx Eymnwbwd kw POjdwr Qww[ asny logo< pr bhuq AËXwcwr ikxw[ sn` 1746 e~. my< asny BwrI AnwvSXk kr vsulnw Swu} kr idxw[ grib log duki v pryswwn ho ge[ vy Gr-ªwr CoV is<go< ky swqw Awny lgy[ is<go< kw jëqww Eymnwbwd phu<cw AOr gu{ªwrw I rovi swihb ky dsw~n hyqu vhw< Thr gxw[ Xh Eyiqhwisk gu{ªwrw I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ki Xwd my< bnw huaw hy[ pqw lgny pr jspq rwx ny is<go< ko Ah<pUxw~ AwdySw ibjvwxw ik qur<q vhw< sy cly jwao vrnw blpuv~k qumhy < inkwl idxw jwegw[ is<go< ny aár Byjw ik hm ke~ idno< ki inr<qr XwZw ky kwrxw Qwky hue hy<[ Ek rwiz iv wm krny ky bwd cly jwe<gy[ hmy< Swhr my< sy kuc cijæy< ŸX krny ki Awzw di jwe[ jspq rwx ny Awzw dyny ki bjwx Ek POjI dsqy ko swqw lykr is<go< pr hmlw kr idxw[ is<g do-do hwqw krny ko ft ge[ QwoVI-sI JVp ky bwd Ek r<grytw Xuvw is<g inbwa is<g PuqI~ sy Apnw GoVw jspq rwx *bi-e#s 925, mohølw s<qokpurw, hoiswxwrpur rof, jl<dwr , Pon :

38 gurmiq zwn 40 ky hwqwi ky inkt ly gxw[ vh Clw<g lgwkr hwqwi pr cfæ gxw qqww qlvwr sy jspq rwx kw isr DwV sy Alg kr idxw[ aski POj Bwg KVI hue~[ pw<c so {pe is<go< ko dykr jspq rwx ky isr ko ikrpw rwm bçco ky ly gxw AOr ipr s<ákwr ikxw[ Apny Bwe~ jspq rwx ki moq ki Kbr pwkr divwn lkpq rwx lwhor ky nvwb ky pws phu <cw AOr asky pyro< my < ApnI pgvi rkkr khw, ''Ab Xh pgvi my < qb atw <gw, jb Awp Xh vcn dy<gy ik is#ko< kw nwmoinswwn imtw idxw jwegw['' es pr nvwb ny is#ko< ko igrïqwr krny AOr ankw këlyawm krny kw AwdySw jwri kr idxw[ lwhor my < rhny vwly sbi is#ko< ko igrïqwr kr ilxw gxw[ lwhor ky muk ih<duao< kw Ek iqinidw-m<fl divwn lkpq rwx ky pws phu <cw qqww khw, ''en bygunwho< ko #Xo< mrvwqy ho? Eysw nhi< krnw cwihe['' asny Ek n suni AOr igrïqwr ike ge sbi is#ko< ko 10 mwc~, 1746 e~. ko SwhId kr idxw gxw[ hr qrp if<forw iptvw idxw gxw ik koe~ gurbwxwi nhi< pfæ skqw[ is#k gu{ao< kw nwm lyny vwlo< ko kvi sjæw di jwegi[ I Am qsr swihb ky pivz srovr ko imt`ti sy pwt idxw gxw[ is#ko< ki koe~ BI Dwwim~k puáqk imlny pr asy kue< Xw dirxw my< ip<kvw idxw gxw[ is#ko< ki phcwn KËm krny ky ile EVI-cotI kw jæor lgwxw gxw[ 'guv' ko 'rovi' khny kw AwdySw idxw gxw, qwik 'guv' kw açcwrxw krqy smx koe~ BUl sy 'gur' Xw 'gu{' n kh dy[ Eysw krny pr BI logo< ko d<ifq ikxw jwny lgw Qww[ mugl srkwr ky AsIm AËXwcwr ky bwvjud mut`ti Br jw<bw<jæ is<go< ny Dwm~-Xu CyV rkw Qww[ j<glo< AOr GoVo< ki kwitxo< ko anho<ny Apnw TOr-iTkwnw bnw rkw Qww qqww guirølw Xu ki niiq Apnwqy hue jæwilm srkwr ki nwk my < dm kr rkw Qww[ Bwe~ boqw is<g Ev< Bwe~ grjw is<g do ávwibmwni Xo w is<g jæwilm srkwr ky iv{ jujqy hue virgiq ko wîq hue[ divwn lkpq rwx AOr nvwb XihXw Kwn ki AwgvwnI my < Ek bvi srkwri synw is#ko< kw spwxw krny hyqu cl pvi[ an idno< hjæwro< is<g kwhnu<vwn ky j<gl my< Thry hue Qwy[ Gro< v gw<vo< my< rhnw As<Bv Qww, Aq: j<gl v bihv hi itkwnw Qww[ kwhnu<vwn ky j<glo< ko lkpq rwx ny Awg lgvw di[ is<go< kw vhw< rhnw kitn ho gxw[ vy vhw< sy inklkr rwvi dirxw ko pwr kr ktuaw ki Aor cly ge[ srkwri synw kw jæor v dbwv bfæny pr is<g vsoli ki qrp cl pvy[ vhw< ky ky vwisxo< ki mdd imlny ki jgh jæbrdáq ivrodw v SwZuqw kw swmnw krnw pvw[ ky logo< ny b<duko< ki goilxo< sy is<go< kw ávwgq ikxw[ Awgy phwv AOr phwvvwisxo< kw burw v in<dnix ÛXvhwr, dusri qrp dirxw Qww, picy BwrI s<$xw my< POj lgi QwI[ is<go< ky pws n qo pxw~îq mwzw my< AáZ Qwy AOr n hi Kw -swmgri QwI[ ke~ idno< qk BUKy rhny ky kwrxw anky GoVy BI kmjæor ho ge Qwy[ is<go< ny inxw~x ilxw ik vy ki Aor kuc kry<gy[ rwvi ndi apwn pr QwI AOr asy pwr krnw kitn Qww[ pwni ki ghrwe~ Bw<pny hyqu s. gurdxwl is<g doluvwl ky do BweXo< ny ndi my< Clw<g lgwe~, lyikn vy pun: bwhr n inkl sky[ AwiKr PYslw ikxw gxw ik pydl clny vwly is<g m<fi ki Aor cly jwe<

39 gurmiq zwn 41 AOr GuVsvwr is<g SwZu-synw ko cir Apnw rwáqw bnwe<[ Bwe~ su#kw is<g ky nyq Ëv my< is<g srkwri synw pr tut pvy[ vy igr ge[ sykvo< is<g SwhId ho ge[ Swy w j<gl my< phu<c ge[ vhw< pr BI an pr hmlw huaw AOr Anyk is<g lvqy hue kubw~n ho ge[ bçco<, mihlwao< AOr bujugo~< ky ed~-igd~ Gyrw bnwkr is<go< ny anhy< bcwny ki BrpUr koiswsw ki, mgr jæwilm mugl POj ny bçco<, mihlwao< v bujugo~< ko kël kr idxw[ j<gl my< kohrwm mc gxw AOr lwswo< ky Fyr lg ge[ bcy hue is<g dirxw ÑXws pwr kr ki Aor bfæny lgy[ lkpq rwx ny picw kr anmy< sy ke~ is<go< ko SwhId kr idxw[ mhwn` is#k eiqhwskwr fw. g<fw is<g ny ilkw hy ik lkpq rwx ny Apny es AiBXwn ky A<qg~q (ijsy is#ko< kw phlw GØlUGwrw khqy hy <) swq hjæwr is<go< ko SwhId ikxw; qin hjæwr is<go< ko igrïqwr kr vh Apny swqw lwhor ly gxw[ vhw< anhy < Gor XwqnwE< dykr SwhId kr idxw gxw[ Bgq lcmxw is<g ny ApnI A<gR yji puáqk 'Sikh Martyrs' my< ilkw hy ik es mukwbly my < 22 hjæwr is<go< ny Bwg ilxw AOr muiskl sy 10 hjæwr is<g hi bckr my < phu<cy[ anky ilky Anuswr 12 hjæwr is<g es GØlUGwry my< SwhId hue[ zwni Bjn is<g ApnI ikqwb 'swfy SwhId' my< vxw~n krqy hue ilkqy hy< ik lkpq rwx v asky hwikmo< kw $Xwl Qww ik anho<ny is#ko< ko KËm kr idxw hy[ Xh ankw BRm Qww, jo SwIGR hi dur ho gxw[ Cotw GØlUGwrw ky jødi bwd hi is<g imsly < kwxm kr pury p<jwb my < Cw ge[ is<go< ny idl nhi< CoVw[ vy As<$X kubw~inxw< dykr atwkr dysw ki sbsy Swi#qSwwlI qwkq, byhqrin kom bn ge[ Awj is#ko< ky nwm kw f<kw pury ivsv my< bj rhw hy[ Xh f<kw hmysww bjqw rhygw[ Swbd s<g Swbd s<g rc jw <[ Swbd-r<g r<g jw <[ Swbd bsy myry mn my<, Swbd s<g bs jw <[ Swbd-ivcwr, mn: icqwr, mn-a<qr my< pw <[ swri ivcln Bwgy dur, Swbd Ek-mn ho gw <[ Swbd-Awn<d mn-a<qr myry, Swbd <cy sur sjw <[ *páxw vwli svk, purwnw Swwlw, gurdwspur , Pon : fw. suir<drpwl is<g*

40 < gurmiq zwn 42 is#k eiqhws ki gorv-gwqww : srih<d-pqh -fw. rwjy<«is<g 'swihl'* is#k eiqhws my < 'srih<d-pqh' ki Gtnw ny BI AwËm-bildwn dy idxw[ kw AËX<q mhävpuxw~ áqwwn hy[ srih<d vh XhI kwrxw Qww ik is#ko< my< srih<d AOr áqwwn hy jhw< dswmysw ipqw I gu{ goib<d is<g srih<d ky subydwr vjæir Kw< ky iq AËX<q ji ky Coty swihbjæwdo<-- bwbw jorwvr is<g qivr AOr BI wxw AwŸoSw Qww[ is#ko< ny I ji AOr bwbw Pqih is<g ji ko divwr my< Akwl q$æq swihb pr xw ikxw Qww ik gu{- icn kr SwhId kr idxw gxw Qww[ mwqw «ohi srih<d kw nwmo inswwn qk imtw dy<gy[ gujri ji ny BI esi áqwwn pr AwËm-bildwn srih<d ko nyáqnwbud krny ky ile idxw, esile srih<d kw nwm Awqy hi is#ko< is#ko< ko ÈXwdw e<qjæwr nhi< krnw pvw[ kw KUn KOlny lgqw hy[ mwz 6 v wo~< bwd hi, me~, sn` 1710 e~. my< vwáqv my< srih<d AOr<gjæyb ky swmrwèx is#ko< ko Xh Avsr iml hi gxw[ kw Ek Kws subw Qww[ lwhor Ev< idøli ky isq<br, 1708 e~. my < nw<dyv my < dswmysw ibøkul mdx my< mu$x mwg~ pr iáqwq hony ky ipqw I gu{ goib<d is<g ji ny byrwgi mwdwodws kwrxw eskw rwjniiqk AOr swmirk mhäv ko Am q Ckw kr 'b<dw is<g' sjwxw AOr bhuq AiDwk bfæ cukw Qww[ dswmysw ipqw ky jwilmo< sy s<g w~ krny ky ile p<jwb Byj idxw[ kwl my< Xhw< kw subydwr vjæir Kw< Qww[ vjæir gu{ ji ny pçcis is<g bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur Kw< gu{-gr sy byhd e~ Xw~ krqw Qww[ I ky swqw ike AOr kuc hukmnwmy so<py, ijnmy An<dpur swihb pr cfæwe~ ge~ hr muihm my< vh p<jwb ky muk is<go< ko bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur sbsy Awgy rhqw[ 1704 e~. my< I An<dpur ki shwxqw krny kw AwdySw idxw gxw Qww[ swihb kw Gyrw BI asi ki POjo< ny fwlw Qww idøli phu<ckr bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ny AOr bwd my< cmkor ki j<g my< BI asi kw hukmnwmy is<go< ko Byj idxy[ gu{ ji kw s<dysw lskr is#ko< ky iklwp lvw Qww[ imlqy hi hr idsww sy Aw-Awkr is<g bwbw ji AwDwI rwq ko I An<dpur swihb CoVkr ky nyq Ëv my< EkZ hony lgy[ kuc hi idno< jwqy smx dswm ipqw pr hue dusmn ky hmly my< Kwlsw POj ki ignqi cwlis hjæwr qk my< gu{-pirvwr ibcuv gxw[ Coty swihbjæwdy jw phu<ci[ AOr mwqw gujri ji nmkhrwm g<gu rsoexy esky bwd is<go< kw Xh ivswwl lskr ky kwrxw vjæir Kw< ki igrïq my< Aw ge[ p<jwb ki Aor bfæ clw[ jød hi is<go< ny vjæir Kw< AOr asky du t divwn suçcwn<d ny Swwhbwd, fskw, muáqpwbwd, kpuri, swforw Coty swihbjæwdo< ko divwr my< ij<dw icnvwkr AOr smwxww ko Pqh kr ilxw[ bwbw b<dw SwhId kr idxw[ esky bwd mwqw gujri ji is<g bhwdur ny dswmysw ipqw ky prm imz pir *1/338, 'ávînlok', dswmysw ngr, m<fi muølw<pur dwkw (luidwxwnw), p<jwb , Pon :

41 gurmiq zwn 43 bu U Swwh ky kwiql swforw ky hwikm Asmwn Kw< ko aski krni kw Pl ckwxw[ sn` 1710 e~. my< bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ky nyq Ëv my< Kwlsw POj srih<d qk phu<c ge~[ srih<d pr AwŸmxw krny kw mokw imlqy hi is<go< ko cwv cfæ gxw[ is<g boly ik phly 'vjiry' (vjir Kw<) ko mwr ly<, ipr phwvi rwjwao< sy inpty<gy : Ab qo le~e bjiry mwr[ Pyr kry<gy prbq kwr[ ( wcin p<qw kwsw) jb srih<d ky subydwr vjæir Kw< ko Kbr imli ik Kwlsw POj srih<d ki Aor bfæ rhi hy qo vh buri qrh sy BXBIq ho gxw[ asny sbi idswwao< sy Awkr EkZ hony vwly is<go< ko rokny ky ile mlyrkotlw ky nvwb Swyr muhmmd Kwn ko Ek bvw lskr dykr Byjw[ Swyr muhmmd Kw< Apny mmyry Bwe~ ikjr Kw< AOr BqIjo<-- nsqr Kw< qqww muhmmd Kw< ko lykr ropv ki Aor bfæw[ asi rwq mwjw-duawbw sy Ek bvw jëqww AOr Aw phu<cw[ is<go< kw aëswh dugnw ho gxw[ Agly idn ky Gmwswn Xu my< ikjr Kw<, nsqr Kw< AOr muhmmd Kw< mwry ge[ 'hwa kw nwrw' mwrny vwlw mlyrkotlw kw nvwb Swyr muhmmd Kw< g<bir }p sy GwXl huaw[ is<g bvi synw lykr srih<d ki Aor bfæ y[ vjir Kw< kw fr iswkr pr phu <c gxw : bjiry mn Aiq ic<qw DwwrI[ njik Awe~ hm mrny vwri[ ( wcin p<qw kwsw) asny divwn suçcwn<d ky BqIjy ky nyq Ëv my< Ek hjæwr ByidXy syinko< ko is<go< ky lskr my< Swwiml krny ki swijsw rci, pr<qu sqk~ Ev< swvdwwn bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ny aski Ek n clny di[ ipr vjæir Kw< ny es Xu ko 'ijæhwd' Goi wq kr idxw AOr muiálm Swwsko< ko esmy< Swwiml hony ky ile llkwrw[ vjir Kw< ki POj my< hwqwi AOr qopo< ki bvi qwdwd QwI AOr Kwlsw POj my< GoVy BI ignqi ky Qwy[ Xu hwqwi-qopo< sy nhi<, jèæby sy jiqy jwqy hy<[ is<go< my< jèæbw kut-kutkr Brw Qww[ bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ny Bwe~ bwjæ is<g AOr Bwe~ Pqh is<g ky nyq Ëv my< Kwlsw POj ko srih<d pr hmlw krny ky ile Byjw[ vjir Kw< ky bvy lskr AOr Kwlsw POj kw mukwblw 'cpvicvi' nwmk áqwwn pr huaw[ bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur Xu -@wyz my< Ek <cy tily pr jw cfæy, qwik swri j<g pr njær rki jw sky AOr j}rq pvny pr khi< BI mdd ByjI jw sky[ vjir Kw< ky qopo< sy lys ivswwl lskr ny golo< ki bwirsw Swu} kr di[ is<go< ny bvi bhwduri sy jvwbi hmlw ikxw[ bwbw ji ny dykw ik is<g bvi s<$xw my< SwhId ho rhy hy< qo vy tily sy nicy aqr AwE AOr Ek-Ek jëqwy ky pws jwjwkr ankw ho<slw bfæwny lgy[ vjir Kw< AOr Bwe~ bwj is<g jb Awmny-swmny pvy qo dono< my< BXwnk Xu icv gxw[ vjir Kw< ny Bwe~ bwj is<g pr nyjy kw vwr ikxw[ Bwe~ bwj is<g ny vhi nyjw pkv kr Eysw aøtw vwr ikxw ik nyjw vjæir Kw< ky GoVy ky mwqwy my< Dw<s gxw[ eqny my< vjir Kw< kw Ek qir Bwe~ bwj is<g ki bwju my< lgw[ Bwe~ Pqh is<g qur<q shwxqw ky ile phu<cy[ anho<ny vjir Kw< pr Eysw vwr ikxw ik askw isr ktkr dur qk lufækqw clw gxw[ vjir Kw< kw mrnw Qww ik asky lskr my< BgdV mc ge~[ ijsy ijdwr jgh (Soˆw p ˆT 55 pr)

42 < gurmiq zwn 44 gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb aárwk<f rwèx ky ijælw c<pwvq my< nyniqwl sy lgbg 160 iklomitr ki duri pr <ci phwivxo< pr iáqwq hy[ es pwvn áqwwn ko gu{ªwrw I mitw ritw swihb BI khw jwqw hy[ eiqhwskwro< ky Anuswr I gu{ nwnk dyv ji Xhw< ApnI phli adwsi ky smx AwE Qwy[ gu{ ji ku{@wyz sy hirªwr phu <cy Qwy[ fw. ikrpwl is<g bqwqy hy ik gu{ ji hirªwr, knkl, kotªwr, Ingr, b«inwqw, kydwrnwqw, joswimt, AØmoVw ky rwáqy ritw swihb vwly áqwwn pr phu <cy Qwy[ Xh BI s<bv hy ik I gu{ nwnk dyv ji hirªwr sy ƒi wkysw ky rwáqy phly kydwrnwqw ge ho<[ vy knkl ge Qwy, Xh hkikq hy, pr<qu esky ile hirªwr sy lot kr Awny ki jæ}rq nhi< QwI[ Xhw< vy ku{@wyz ki qrp sy hirªwr jwqy smx hi Thry ho<gy[ hirªwr AOr knkl my < koe~ ÈXwdw A<qr nhi< hy[ hirªwr sy kotªwr phu <cnw as smx Awswn nhi< hogw, #Xo<ik ivswwl g<gw kw purw PYlwv rwáqy my < pvqw Qww AOr pwr krny kw swdwn as smx hogw Xw nhi<, khnw muiskl hy[ shj AOr ávwbwivk rwáqw g<gw ky swqw-swqw ƒi wkysw sy dyv Xwg, Ingr, {«Xwg sy kydwrnwqw kw ho skqw hy AOr s<bv hy ik vwpsi my < vy b«inwqw, joswimt sy kotªwr ge ho<[ Xhw< sy vy kotªwr nyniqwl hoqy hue BvwlI ky rwáqy gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb nwmk áqwwn pr ge ho<[ iksi qrp sy BI ge ho<, koe~ Pk~ nhi< pvqw[ Ek bwq áp t hy ik jhw< Awj AwrwmdwXk -fw. hrbjn is<g* kwro< my < phu <cnw BI bhuq Qwkw dyqw hy, as smx koe~ mwnv pydl cl kr en áqwwno< kw cîpwcîpw Cwn dy, Xh mwnv-eiqhws my < AquØX XwZw hy[ cwhy jnm-swikxo< ki es krwmwq pr ivsvws kr ly < ik vy Aw<Ky < b<d kr pvn-}p hokr phu <c jwqy Qwy, cwhy Xh kh ly < ik vy Coty- Coty mwnvix kdmo< ky swqw hr áqwwn pr phu <c ge, dono< hi gu{ swihb ki AquØX bwqy < hy <[ swkikwro< ky swmny an kitn piriáqwiqxo< kw A<qin~ihq Ehsws Qww ik Awsmwn ko CUqI phwivxw< hy <, Aiq Gny j<gl hy <, ijnko mwnv qo #Xw koe~ Coty Awkwr kw jiv BI pwr nhi< kr skqw Qww[ pgf<ifxw< BI nhi< QwI<[ ipr en j<glo< my < KU <Kwr Swyr, ciqy, ByiVXy, ric, hwqwi, jhrily sw<p Awj BI mojud hy <[ as smx #Xw hwlq hogi? Eysy phwvi elwko< ky bv-kwbv pëqwro< pr clny sy mjæbuq juqy BI do-cwr idn clny sy hi tut jwqy ho<gy[ gu{ ji kysy clqy ho<gy? kysy pyro< ko pëqwro< ki ktorqw AOr j<gli kw<to< sy bcwqy ho<gy? Eysy j<glo< my < qo Ek idn my < hi váz Pt jwe<[ rwswn atwkr nhi< clqy Qwy[ j<glo< my < n koe~ Pl, n Kwny-pIny ki ANX váqu[ ke~-ke~ idn qk koe~ mwnv báqi hi njær nhi< AwqI QwI[ khw< sy Kwqy? #Xw piqy? Bwe~ mrdwnw ji ki BUK-ÎXws dur krny ki swki XU < hi nhi< ilki[ iniscq hi gu{ ji Kwny-pIny ky mohqwj nhi< Qwy[ Agr Xy SwwrIirk pwb<idxw< hoqi, qo vy gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb jysy dug~m áqwwno< pr kbi n phu <c skqy[ pydl clqy hue BUK BI bhuq lgqi hy[ Ek idn my < qin- *p<jwbi XUinvis~tI fw. blbir is<g swihëx ky<«, dyhrwdun[ Pon : ,

43 < < gurmiq zwn 45 cwr bwr Awhwr khw< sy aplñdw ho skqw Qww? Bwe~ mrdwnw ji ki ivnqi pr anhy < BI vysw hi bnw ilxw[ swkikwro< ny Bwe~ mrdwnw ji ko BUK ky ADwIn dsww~xw hy[ esky bwd anho<ny kbi BUKw hony ki iswkwxq nhi< ki[ Awj hmwry bui vwdi Bwe~ khqy hy < ik Arb dyswo< my < gu{ ji BUK imtwny ky ile hlwli mw<s hi Kwqy rhy ho<gy? I gu{ nwnk dyv ji iksi BUK-ÎXws ky ADwIn ibøkul nhi< Qwy[ gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb ky áqwwn pr Awj svk jwqi hy[ jwkr dykny sy Ehsws hoqw hy ik qb jb pgf<ifxw< BI nhi< QwI<, j<glo<-phwvo< ko pwr kr gu{ ji Xhw< kysy phu<cy ho<gy? kysy ghri KweXw< pwr ki ho<gi? Gr byt kr A<dwjæw lgw lynw ik swdwwrxw mwnv Ek idn my< eqny iklomitr spr kr skqw hy AOr gu{ ji BI Ek idn my< eqnw hi clqy Qwy, Awswn kwm hy, pr<qu an piriáqwiqxo< my< jhw< do kdm clnw BI muiskl ho, kysy hr áqwwn pr gu{ ji phu<c ge, eskw ic<qn hi mhw ivámwdi hy[ gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb ky dsw~n kr lotny ky bwd guris#ko< ky lwbwqw~ Apnw qjubw~ sw<jw krny kw mn hy[ mdx dysw AOr CÁIsgFæ ky <«IX I gu{ is<g sbw, Bopwl hr v w~ is#k bçco< kw gurmiq isw@ww ky <p AwXoijq krqi Aw rhi hy[ sbi kw myry swqw ÎXwr hy[ hr ky <p pr bulwqy hy <[ gu{ªwrw I nwnkjirw swihb my < jun, 2017 kw ky <p smpº huaw, qo sbw ky Dwwn s. gurdip is<g mujsy khny lgy ik Aglw ky <p gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb lgwxw jwe[ dyhrwdun rhny ky kwrxw ky <p ky AwXojn ki s<bwvnwao< kw pqw lgwny ki ijæmmydwri myry pr Awe~[ gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb jwny kw ogrwm bnwxw[ sbw ky numwe<dy s. suir<drpwl is<g Bopwl sy 30 nv<br ko dyhrwdun myry pws phu <c ge[ ids<br ko gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb ky dsw~n ky ile ApnI kwr ky ªwrw inkl pvy[ rwáqy my < ƒi wkysw my < Ek sv~dwm~ smmyln my < my <ny hwijæri BrnI QwI[ hwijæri Brkr Apny s<bodwn ªwrw I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ki ivcwrdwwrw ki jx-jxkwr krvwe~ AOr dophr ko Awgy ki XwZw Awr<B kr di[ BwgUvwlw, njæibwbwd, nginw, Dwwmpur, jspur, kwswipur, kwlwfu <gi Awid áqwwno< sy hoqy hue hm rwq ko nyniqwl jw phu <cy[ nyniqwl ki w iqk JIl dykny vwli hy[ JIl ky ibøkul iknwry pr bhuq su <dr gu{ªwrw swihb suswoibq hy[ swp-suqwrw vwqwvrxw hy[ pw<c kmry AOr Ek hwl XwiZXo< ky rhny ky ile hy[ Ek kmry kw ikrwxw 500 {pe rkw gxw hy[ nyniqwl my < is#ko< ki kul jns<$xw 250 ky Aws-pws hy[ b<dwko< ny bqwxw ik km AwbwdI ky kwrxw gu{ªwrw swihb ky b<dw my iváix muisklo< kw swmnw krnw pv rhw hy[ swdwn-smpº is#k s<áqwwao< ko es smáxw ky bwry my < socnw cwihe[ 1984 e~. ky is#k këlyawm ky bwd p<jwb sy bwhr ke~ Coty ngro< my< sy bhuq-sy is#k plwxn kr ge hy< AOr bcy hue is#k swdwno< ki kmi ky kwrxw gu{ªwrw swihbwn kw b<dw bhuq muiskl sy clw rhy hy <[ aárwk<f kw ithri Swhr fym my < Aw gxw hy[ srkwr ny logo< ko muawvjæ y ide[ bhuq-sy iváqwwipq log ƒi wkysw, hirªwr, dyhrwdun jysy bvy Swhro< my < Awkr Awbwd ho ge[ bhuq-sy is#k BI bvy Swhro< ki qrp cly ge[ ne~ ithri bsi, pr<qu is#ko< ky lgbg pw<c Gr hi rh ge hy<[ vy BI Coty-moty kwrobwri hi hy <[ ithri Swhr my fuby Dwm~-áQwwno< ky bdly my < srkwr ny ne~ ithri my < Dwm~-áQwwn bnw kr ide hy <[ 4-5 krov {pe lgwkr <ci coti ky rmxwik áqwwn pr srkwr ny AwlISwwn gu{ªwrw swihb

44 < gurmiq zwn 46 bnwxw hy[ s<gq ki kmi Kl rhi hy[ Ek lokl is#k hy... vhi gr<qwi, vhi syvwdwr hy[ m<idr AOr gu{ªwry ki sw<ji kmyti b<dw clw rhi hy[ iksi smqw~ is#k s<áqww ko cwihe ik vo eskw b<dw s<bwl ly, nhi< qo Xh Ab bygwno< ky hwqw my< hi hy[ gurmiq ky <p bçco< ky ile jæ}ri hy<[ bçcy phwvo< my < rmxwik áqwwn ki qrp Awki w~q hoqy hy<[ es sy ithri apxu#q áqwwn hy[ Xhw< Eysy ky<po< ky ile j}ri Fw<cw ivkisq ikxw jwe[ p<qwk jwxdwd khi< hwqw sy n inkl jwe[ esko gurmiq ky <po< ky ile ky <«bnw kr eskw sdupxog ikxw jw skqw hy[ nyniqwl sy BvwlI, dyvidwurw, pwti, DwunwGt Awid ky rwáqy gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb lgbg 160 iklomitr dur hy[ svk bhuq swpsuqwri hy[ khi< DwUl-imÆI nhi<[ rwáqw rmxwik hy, pr<qu mov bhuq hy <[ mydwni cwlk ko bhuq swvdwwni ky swqw clnw cwihe[ gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb phu<c kr QwoVI-sI q<g gli my< sy gujær kr gu{ªwrw swihb jwnw pvqw hy[ ritw mitw hony ki kqww ivlwxq vwli (purwqn) AOr imhrbwn vwli dono< jnmswikxo< my < imlqi hy[ ivlwxq vwli jnm-swki my< ilkw hy, ''mrdwnw khqw hy-- suhwixw qyri BgqI nu <[ AsI< fom sy, mulk dy tukvy m<ig Kw<dy Qwy[ AoQwhu BI gvweaw[ AsI< qw bvi ajwiv ivic Awe pye hw<[ kdy Kudwe kwfy qw inklih[ huixw koe~ sihu buik pvygw qw mwir jwvygw[ qb bwby AwiKAw-- mrdwinaw, qyry nyvy koe~ nhi< Awvdw, pr qu asiawr (hoiswxwr) hohu[ AwiKAosu-- ji ika kir asiaw{ hovw, ajwiv ivic Awe peaw[ qb bwby AwiKAw-- mrdwinaw AsI ajwiv ivic nwhi AsI bsdi ivic hw<, ijëqwy nwa iciq Awvdw hy[ aqwy bwby sbdu boilaw-- dyviqaw drsn ky qwe~ duk BUK qirqw kie ] qib bwby AwiKAw-- mrdwinaw! sbdu iciq kir, qa bwju bwxwi swr nhi< AwvdI[ qib gu} bwby AwiKAw-- mrdwinaw! rbwbu bjwe[ qb mrdwny AwiKAw-- ji myrw Gtu BuK dy nwil imil geaw hy, my ehu rbwbu bjwe nwhi skdw[ qb bwby AwiKAw-- mrdwinaw clu ipcy iksy vsdi (báqi) jwhw<[ (mrdwnw) AjI my vsdi BI nwhi jwe skdw, myrw BuK nwil Gtu imil geaw hy[ ha mrdw hw<['' ''qib bwby AwiKAw-- mrdwinaw ha qynu Awe~ ibnw mrixw nwhi dydw, asiaw{ hohu[ qib mrdwny AwiKAosu-- ji ha ika kir asiaw{ hovw[ ha mrdw hu <[ jivxwy di gil rhi[ qb mrdwny AwiKAw-- ji my <nu duk nw dyih[ qw bwby AwiKAw-- es {Ku dy Pl Kwih[ pr rij ky Kwih ijqny Kwe skdw hy <[ p{ ho{ ply b<in nwhi[ qib mrdwny AwiKAw-- ji Blw hovy[ qw mrdwnw lgw Kwixw[ Plw< kw suawd AweAo su[ AwKY-- hovy qw sby Kwe le~[ ipir hiqw Awvin ik nw Awvin[ kuc ply BI b<in lye~[ mqu hiqw Awvin ik nw Awvin[ qb mrdwny (mn ivc) AwiKAw-- BuK lgygi qw Kwvw<gw[ mrdwny ply BI b<in le[ jw<dy jw<dy mrdwny ipr BuK lgi qw AwiKAosu-- kuc Kwvw<[ jw muih pwe qw aqy vyly Fih peaw[ qb bwby AwiKAw-- ikaw hoaw vy mrdwinaw[ jia pwqswh qudwu AwiKAw si jo Kwih so Kwih vdwdy ply b<in nwhi my AwiKAw kuc ply b<in le~[ mq hiqw Awvin ik nw Awvin[ so my < muih pwe sin[ myrw Ehu hvwlu hoe geaw[ qib bwby AwiKAw-- mrdwinaw qudwu burw kiqw si, jo muih pwe sin, Ehu ibk Pl sin pr bcn kirky A<imRq Pl hoe sn['' XhI< Bwe~ mrdwnw ji ny gu{ ji sy khw ik ''as nu < ivdw kiqw jwvy, #Xo<ik ah duk- BuK jr nhi< skdw[ gu{ ji ny ikhw ik ikvy <

45 < < < gurmiq zwn 47 myry nwl rhy<gw vi? as ikhw, qw< rih skdw hw<, jy Awpxwy vw<g duk-buk qo< inrlyp kr lvy <[ aho Ahwr dy jo qu< Kw<dw hy<[ hor ikhw- - jy myry krm BI nw ibcwrih qw ha qyry nwil rhw[ jy ehu qu k<m kry, nwhi qw mynu ivdw kir[ gu{ ji ny inhwl kr idáw['' swki sy s<b<idwq Xh khi< áp t nhi< ik Xh my< Gitq hue~[ mgr eqnw áp t hy ik BUK ki smáxw AOr eskw invwrxw gu{ ji ki XwZwAo< ky Awr<B my< hi Xui#q-s<gq hy[ Gtnw phli adwsi ki hogi jb gu{ ji en my< Qwy[ dur-dur qk biáqxo< kw n honw, Kwny-pIny ki váque< wîq n honw AOr BXwnk jwnvro< ky swqw Bry Gny j<glo< kw honw, Xy sb inswwinxw< es Gtnw ko esi elwky ky swqw jovqi hy<[ imhrbwn vwli jnm-swki my< esi swki kw iváqwr hy[ SwÑdwvlI AOr GtnwAo< sy áp t hy ik es swkikwr ky swmny phli swki ilikq }p my< mojud rhi hogi[ BXwnk j<gl ky fr ko dur krny ky vxw~n ky bwd ilkw hy-- ''mrdwnw Awe ky ANhwlI ifig peaw[ qb gu} bwbw ipir jwe mrdwny QwY KVw hoaw jy mrdwinaw ika py geaoih? AwKY ji BuK milaw hw<[ qb gu} bwby kihaw ij-- ait bhu, rbwbu vjwe, sbdu gwa[ prmysu{ ikcu BuK dw BI krygw[ qb mrdwny kihaw ij-- ji rbwbw vjwvxwy gil Kloe~ hi[ jia QwoVw hoaw[ qb gu} bwbw ji kihaw ij-- mrdwinaw clu qyry le~ AsI BI ikqy vsdi jwhw[ qb mrdwny kihaw ij-- bwbw ji slwmiq jwxwo gil rhi hy[ Gtu imil gyaw hy[ qbk juiv ge hyin[ ha mrdw hw[ qb gu} bwby nwnk ji kihaw ij-- mrdwinaw qudwu no mrxw nwhi dydy[ qu (swvdwwn) hoih[ qb gu} bwby ji kihaw ij-- mrdwinaw Aih ij idsdw hi {Ku sahw? khy-- ji idsdw hy[ khy-- hsdy Pl vykdw hy, mhw< AnUp[ khy-- ji vwhu vwhu Kry sobwv<q hyin Es dy Plu[ khy-- atu jwe kir Kwih Eih Plu[ qb mrdwnw aitaw[ ait kir jwe Pl lwgw KwvxwY[ qb jw cky qw mhw A<bRqu vsqu hy[ cik kir mrdwnw KusI hoaw[ rij kir Pl KwiDwAw[... qb gu} bwby nwnk ji AwiKAw-- mrdwinaw huixw ikcu {cdw hy is Kwih, pxwu ply bnhi nwhi['' Awgy vhi swki hy[ Bwe~ mrdwnw ji ny pøly bw<dw ile[ ipr BUK lgi, qo Kwny lgy[ jæhrily ho jwny ky kwrxw buri iáqwiq ho ge~[ pøly bw<dwny ki dwsqw< bqwe~ qo gu{ ji ny pw-d i t ky swqw TIk ikxw[ Bwe~ mrdwnw ji ny BUK dur krny kw vrdwn mw<gw[ gu{ ji bhuq sº hue[ BUK sdw ky ile imt ge~, s<qo w Aw gxw[ Bwe~ mni is<g ji ny es swki ko bikwnyr ky mw{áqwl sy s<b<idwq ikxw hy AOr rity ky Pl ki jgh Awk ky qu<my Kwny ki bwq ki hy[ swqw hi esko isw@ww d krqy hue ilkw hy-- ''mrdwinaw! qynu i«stw<q idkweaw hy, #Xo<ik ijhvi gu{ªwry di kofi hy, so ibkvq hy['' 2 ids<br rwq ky lgbg svw AwT bjy hm log gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb phu<cy[ swpsuqwry kmro< AOr ibáqro< kw gu{ªwrw swihb my b<dw hy AOr kmry hy< BI kwpi mwzw my <[ l<gr kw b<dw qsølib$æsw hy[ Xh áqwwn <cy phwvo< sy igri vwdi my < hy, jhw< Ek Cotw-sw gw<v bsw huaw hy[ pqw clw ik es gw<v kw nwm covw ipáw hy[ phly Xh ngr Xhw< sy 5-6 iklomitr dur phwvi pr Qww[ gw<v my< gu{ªwry ky ibøkul swqw gorknwqw kw Cotw-sw m<idr hy[ jb hm ge qo pqw clw ik pujwri khi< bwhr gxw hy[ iksi ny Xh BI bqwxw ik

46 < < gurmiq zwn 48 pujwri ivswy w Avsro< pr hi Awqw hy, gw<v ky log hi dykbwl krqy hy<[ gw<v Awbwd hony sy s<b<idwq logo< sy pucw, qo sbkw Ek hi jvwb Qww ik Xh 500 v w~ purwnw hy[ cwhy m<idr ki emwrq ÈXwdw purwni nhi<, pr<qu sbny bqwxw ik m<idr BI 500 swl sy AiDwk purwnw hy[ phwvi gw<vo< my < AmIrI ky inswwn imlny muiskl hy<, gribi ki kmi koe~ nhi<[ gw<v ki Ek bhuq purwni emwrq my < bbw~d hue~ pnc#ki ky AvSwy w ABI qk mojud hy <[ Gr ky mwilk ny bqwxw ik anky swmny Xh clqi rhi hy[ gw<v ky ke~ bujugo~ < ko gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb ky eiqhws ky bwry my < pucw ik vy Apny puv~jo< sy #Xw sunqy AwE hy <? sbny XhI bqwxw ik I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ny Xhw< pr rity mity ike Qwy[ Ek mw< khny lgi ik hm XhI sunqy AwE hy< ik I gu{ nwnk dyv ji AwE qo anky swqw Ek bwlk Qww[ asy BUK lgi qo gu{ ji ny khw ik rity ky pr cfæ jwao[ asny ritw KwXw AOr khw ik Xh qo kvvw hy[ gu{ ji boly ik as qrp ky n KwAo[ ijdwr my bytw hu <, es qrp ky KwAo[ ijdwr vo byty Qwy adwr ky rity mity ho ge[ sbi ny XhI bqwxw ik phly Xhw< rity kw bhuq purwnw Qww, ijsky Ek qrp ky rity mity Qwy[ sv~ Qwm Xhw< m<idr ky njædik kyvl vhi mity rity kw Qww, gu{ ji ki ANX koe~ Xwdgwr nhi< QwI[ rwáqw pydl jwny kw Qww, koe~ AOr swdwn nhi< Qww[ høªwni Xhw< sy lgbg 163 iklomitr dur hy[ høªwni sy lwlw I vyswki rwm GoVo< pr swmwn lwd kr Xhw< bycny ko AwXw krqw Qww[ gu{ ji ªwrw rity mity krny ki swki asny suni hue~ QwI[ m<idr kw pujwri Xh jwnqw Qww ik es kw Pl I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ny mitw ikxw Qww[ ki DwUp-bÁI BI vh krqw Qww[ lwlw ji ko ritw iml gxw[ anho<ny ritw swihb ki swri dwáqw< høªwni ki s<gq ko jw bqwe~[ høªwni sy s. qrlok is<g 'duki' Xhw< phu <cy[ anho<ny rity ky ky dsw~n ike[ QwoVI-sI jgh KrIdI AOr pëqwr ki Cq fwl kr Ek Jo<pVInumw emwrq kw inmw~xw kr idxw[ høªwni Awid áqwwno< sy QwoVI-bhuq s<gq AwnI Swu} ho ge~[ ipr gu{ªwrw I nwnkmqw swihb ky Dwwn kn~l lwl is<g ny Cotw-sw gu{-áqwwn bnw idxw[ ipr BI Xhw< kw koe~ ivswy w ivkws nhi< ho skw[ 1980 e~. my< es áqwwn ko nyniqwllohwgwt mu$x svk ky swqw jovny ky ile 38 iklomitr svk kw inmw~xw ho gxw[ Apny rw töpiq ky kwx~kwl my< zwni jyl is<g ny es áqwwn ky dsw~n ike[ 1982 e~. my < kwr syvw vwly bwbw hrb<s is<g ny Xhw< ky inmw~xw-kwxo~ ko Apny hwqw my < ly ilxw[ 1984 e~. kw is#k këlyawm ho gxw, ijs kwrxw kwr-syvw ky kwmo< pr BI eskw Bwv pvw[ jb hwlwq kuc TIk hue, qo syvw-kwx~ ipr Awr<B ikxw gxw[ gu{ªwry ky inmw~xw ky ile log jæmin bycny ky ile qyxwr nhi< Qwy[ DwIry-DwIry logo< ny jæmin ky tukvy bycny Swu} ike AOr bwbw hrb<s is<g ny gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb ki syvw ki ijmmydwri bwbw iswawm is<g ko so<p di[ gu{ªwry ki emwrq, l<gr hwl AOr srwx ky ile jæmin BI imlqi ge~[ høªwni AOr nwnkmqw swihb ki s<gq ny gu{ªwry ki smuci jwxdwd kwr syvw ky hvwly kr di[ kwr syvw ªwrw su <dr gu{ªwrw, ivswwl l<gr hwl AOr srwx qyxwr kr di ge~ hy[ Ab Xhw< hr v w~ ÈXy T ki puixw~mw ko jov-mylw Brqw hy[ Xhw< sy c<pwvq, clqwi, tnkpur, KtImw ky rwáqy gu{ªwrw I nwnkmqw swihb lgbg 180 iklomitr duri pr hy[ gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb sy hi gu{ ji nwnkmqw swihb ge ho<gy[

47 gurmiq zwn 49 gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb my < BI gorkp<iqwxo< kw m<idr hy, esile esi áqwwn sy hi gu{ ji ny gorkp<iqwxo< ky bvy itkwny (nwnkmqw swihb) phu <cny kw mn bnwxw hogw[ lwijæmi hy ik Xhw< mojud iksi Ek gorkp<qwi ky swqw gu{ ji ki goi T hue~ hogi, #Xo<ik vy m<idr ky swqw hi rity ky ky nicy byty Qwy[ Xh BI s<bv hy ik vhi nwqw gu{ ji ko ApnI s< dwx ky bvy swdwk-smuh ky swqw ccw~ krny ky ile gorkmqw (Ab nwnkmqw swihb) ly gxw ho[ dono< áqwwno< kw iniscq hi AtUt smb<dw hy[ dono< itkwny gorkp<qwi nwqwo< ky hy <, dono< áqwwn I gu{ nwnk dyv ji sy s<b<idwq hy<[ rity kw Eyiqhwisk ijsky rity gu{ ji ky qwp sy mity hue Qwy, 1960 e~. ky Awspws igr gxw Qww[ esi ky bij sy esky njædik hi rity kw Ek AOr qyxwr ho gxw[ e~. my < vh BI suk kr igr gxw Qww[ asky bij sy Ab rity ky ke~ qyxwr ho ge hy <[ gu{ªwry sy lgbg 2 iklomitr dur jæmin KrIdI ge~ hy, jhw< asi rity ky vsw<j lgwe ge hy <[ enkw Pl qov kr s<gq ko swd ky }p my < idxw jwqw hy[ Xwd rhy ik my < hi rity mity hy <, nhi< qo rity kw Pl kvvw AOr hwinkwrk hoqw hy qqww Kwny sy mu <h my < Jwg bn jwqi hy[ esky Kwny sy alti lg jwqi hy AOr eskw jæhrilw Asr (mihlwao< my <) gb~pwq BI kr skqw hy[ fw. blbir is<g swihëx ky <«dyhrwdun my < BI rity kw hy[ gu{ªwrw ritw swihb sy lot kr my <ny esky Pl kw ávwd ckny ky ile dw<qo< sy mwmuli-sw kwtw, qo Xh ibøkul kvvw Qww[ hw<, mu$x Ïlyvr dono< kw Ek hi hy, bs, kvvwht AOr imtws kw hi A<qr hy[ dykny my < BI koe~ A<qr nhi<[ gu{ªwrw swihb my < Ab BI rity kw Ek podww hy, ijski qin idswwao< my < kvvw Pl lgqw hy, kyvl Ek qrp mitw Pl lgqw hy[ ritw swihb ky bij sy qin qrh ky podwy jnm lyqy hy <-- 1. ÈXwdwqr podwo< kw Pl ibøkul mitw hoqw hy[ 2. kuc podwo< pr hi Ek qrp mity qqww dusri qrp kvvy rity lgqy hy <[ 3. kuc podwy kvvy Pl vwly BI pydw hoqy hy <[ qk~vwdi khy <gy ik rity mity hony my< gu{ ji kw koe~ cmëkwr nhi<[ Xhw< mity Pl vwly rito< ki koe~ ivswy w jwiq hy[ EysI jwiq AOr khi< #Xo< nhi<? es jwiq ky sbi podwo< ky Pl mity #Xo< nhi<? iksi-iksi podwy ko do qrh kw Pl kysy lgqw hy? vwáqv my< iq ny gu{ ji ki Ajæmq pr ivsvws d Fæ krwny ky ile rity kw mul kvvw ávwd BI s<bwl rkw hy[ vh Ajæmq BI s<bwl rki hy ik ijdwr gu{ ji byty Qwy, adwr Pl mitw ho gxw Qww[ sidxo< qk gorknwqw ky isw Xo< kw Xhw< itkwnw rhw[ rity anho<ny BI KwE ho<gy[ anky mity hony kw eøm BI hogw[ anho<ny khwni bdl kr gorknwqw ky swqw #Xo< nhi< jov li? #Xo< Awj qk rity ki imtws I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ki Ajæmq bni rhi? I gu{ nwnk dyv ji ki Ajæmq jæhr ko Am q my < qbdil krnw hy[ hr jæhr anky Awny ki Awht sunkr Kud hi Am q ho jwqw Qww[ EysI hi gu{ bwbw ji ki ËX@w Ajæmq gu{ªwrw I ritw swihb ky kxw-kxw my < Awj BI iv mwn hy : kchu k<cnu BeAa sbdu gur srvxwih suixwao ] ibku qy A<imRqu huxa nwmu siqgur muik BixwAa ] loha hoxa lwlu ndir siqgu} jid DwwrY ] pwhxw mwxwk kry igawnu gur kihaa bicwry ] kwthu IK<f siqguir kiaa duk dir«iqn ky gea ] siqgu} crn ijnh prisaw sy psu pryq suir nr BeA ] (pºw 1399)

48 gurmiq zwn 50 gurmiq kw mhwn is w<q : ikrq kro BwrqIX sòxqw ivsv ki wcin sòxqwao< my< sy Ek hy[ esky ivkws ky swqw vxw~- ÛXváQww AiáqËv my< Awe~, ijsmy< vxw~, vg~ ky AwDwwr pr kwxo~< kw ivbwjn ikxw gxw, qwik smwj sucw} }p sy clqw rhy[ brw³xw kw kwx~ Dwm~-km~ rwj-pwt ky AiDwkwrI bn ge[ vysx ÛXvswX my< AgRsr rhy AOr SwU«o< ky ihásy vy swry kwx~ AwE jo puv~ ky qin vxw~ ávx< krny my< {ic nhi< rkqy Qwy, #Xo<ik vy esy hin mwnqy Qwy[ piscmi dyswo< my< BI dwsw~inko< ny ivicz AvDwwrxwwAo< ko iqpwidq ikxw, ijsky Anuswr inmn mwny jwny vwly logo< ko pu t SwrIr esile imlw hy ik vy myhnq ky kwx~ kr sky<[ as smx gulwm SwwrIirk }p sy blvwn huaw krqy Qwy[ Xh mwnw gxw ik açc vg~ aqnw blvwn esi ile nhi< hy #Xo<ik asy Swwsn krnw hy AOr ANX Eysy kwx~ krny hy< ijnmy< m ki AwvSXkqw nhi< hy[ m krnw hyx ki d i t sy dykw jwqw Qww[ BwrqIX BU-Bwg my< eski jvy< kwpi ghri ho cli QwI<[ essy smwj tut rhw Qww AOr ivbwjn ki <ci divwr KVI ho ge~ QwI[ mwnv-ekqw AOr mwnvsmwnqw kw ivcwr Awlop ho cukw Qww[ Ek bvw vg~ mul AiDwkwro<, suivdwwao< sy v<icq kr idxw gxw Qww[ askw BrpUr Swo wxw ho rhw Qww AOr jivn-iáqwiqxw< Aiq dxnix ho ge~ QwI<[ I gu{ nwnk swihb ny anki pivw ko smjw AOr m ki AnUTI AvDwwrxww s<swr ky swmny rki, ijssy smwj kw Xugo< sy clw *e~-1716, rwjwji purm, lkn , Pon : fw. sëxy<«pwl is<g* Aw rhw pird SX bdl gxw[ anho<ny ikrq AQww~q` m ko nwm jpo AQww~q` prmwëmw ki qiiq AOr v<f Cko AQww~q` propkwr sy jov kr pwvn Ev< smmwnix bnw idxw[ Xh prmwëmw ki wiîq kw mwg~ bn gxw[ nwm jpo, ikrq kro AOr v<f Cko I gu{ nwnk swihb ki mwnvqw ko dwn ki ge~ Ad`Buq AvDwwrxww hy[ gurmiq ny enhy< mnu X ky mul km~ mwnw hy[ enkw AQw~ hy prmwëmw ki AwrwDwnw krnw, in Tw sy jivn ky dwixëvo< kw inv~hn krnw AOr ANX logo< sy shbwigqw v shxog rknw[ Xy qino< km~ ibº-ibº BI hy< AOr Ek dusry ky purk BI[ enkw jivn my< smwn mhäv hy AOr qino< ko Ek swqw lykr hi jivn Awgy bfæqw hy[ jo prmwëmw my< rmw huaw hy vh pirvwr v smwj ky iq BI sjg AOr s<vydnswil ho[ I gu{ nwnk swihb kw jb DwrqI pr kwsw huaw qo swmwijk piriáqwiqxw< esky TIk ivpriq QwI<[ jo Dwm~-km~ my< lin Qwy, anho<ny ávx< ko swry dwixëvo< sy mu#q kr ilxw Qww AOr inji kwxo~< sy lykr Apny Brxw-po wxw qk dusro< pr Awi q ho ge Qwy[ jo pirvwr AOr smwj my< rh rhy Qwy vy Dwm~ AOr prmwëmw sy dur ho ge Qwy[ jo AwiËmk aëqwwn wîq kr rhy Qwy ankw smwj ko koe~ lwb nhi< iml rhw Qww[ smwj my< Ek AiBjwËX vg~ Qww ijsy lgqw Qww ik askw jnm, bs, AwdySw dyny AOr rwj krny ky ile huaw hy[ asny smwj

49 gurmiq zwn 51 ky Ek bvy vg~ ko hin mwn ilxw Qww AOr Eysw dwvw ikxw ik vo vg~ aski syvw ky ile bnw hy[ kwm n krnw y T hony kw qik Qww[ jo kwm krny vwly Qwy anhy< AiDwkw<Sw jivn apxogi suivdwwao< sy v<icq rkw jwqw Qww[ essy bvy BRm AOr ivbyd ki iáqwiq bn ge~ QwI[ I gu{ nwnk swihb ny es imqwk ko qovw AOr m qqww m krny vwlo< ko smmwn Ev< smwnqw kw AiDwkwrI bnwxw[ Xh smáq mwnvqw ky ile ihqkwri Qww[ sbi gu{ swihbwn ny nwm jpo, ikrq kro AOr v<f Cko ky ivcwr ko d Fæ krwny ky ivibº Xws ike[ ikrq AQwvw m krnw jivn my< cyqnw kw qik bnw[ ikrq AOr ikrq krny vwly dono< ki gurmiq my< AnUTI ÛXw$Xw hue~ jo puv~ ki swri DwwrxwwAo< sy Alg QwI[ gurbwxwi my< ijs ikrq AQwvw m ki bwq ki ge~ vh mhj SwwrIirk m AOr bwdxqw my< ikxw gxw km~ nhi<, Bwvnw AOr smp~xw sy ikxw sukm~ Qww[ I gu{ nwnk swihb ApnI Dwm~-XwZwAo< my< jhw< BI ge ávyçcw sy idsww AOr áqwwn indww~irq ikxw[ jb gu{ swihb Bwe~ mrdwnw ji ky swqw Eymnwbwd phu<cy qo indw~n AOr e~mwndwr kwmgwr Bwe~ lwlo ji ky Gr jw phu<cy[ Bwe~ lwlo ji gu{ swihb ky dsw~n krqy hi inhwl ho ge[ I gu{ nwnk swihb ny asy phlw apdysw idxw ik ikrq AQww~q` bfæe~ kw jo BI kwx~ hy, asy roko mq, krqy rho AOr prmwëmw kw ismrn BI krqy jwao[ gu{ swihb nhi< cwhqy Qwy ik anky kwrxw Bwe~ lwlo ji ky dyink kwxo~< my< koe~ AvroDw aëpº ho[ I gu{ nwnk swihb qin idn vhw< {kny ky bwd jb Awgy clny ky ile qyxwr hue qo Bwe~ lwlo ji Bwv-iv l ho ge AOr gu{ swihb sy {k jwny kw AwgRh ikxw[ gu{ swihb ny Bwe~ lwlo ji ki Bwvnw kw puxw~ smmwn ikxw AOr {k ge[ gu{ swihb ny vhw< Ek mhiny sy AiDwk {k kr Bwe~ lwlo ji ko q Îq hi nhi< ikxw, eiqhws kw AwdSw~ nwxk BI bnw idxw[ I gu{ nwnk swihb ky Bwe~ lwlo ji ky Gr {kny sy Bwe~ lwlo ji ki dyink jiivkw kw m BI clqw rhw[ Bwe~ lwlo ji vo prmwëmw ki Bi#q my < BI lin rhy AOr anhy< gu{ swihb ki syvw kw sobw^x BI wîq huaw[ anky m my< ismrn Qww AOr ismrn my< m Qww[ anky m AOr ismrn my< syvw qqww sëkwr BI simmilq Qww[ essy ankw jivn DwNX ho gxw[ ikrq AQww~q` m ny hi anky ismrn AOr sëkwr ko swqw~k bnwxw[ gurbwxwi my< mnu X ky jnm kw a ysx km~ krnw bqwxw gxw hy AOr mnu X ko vwixwèx krny vwlw vixwk, vxwjwrw khw gxw hy[ I gu{ Arjn swihb ny vcn ike ik jb prmwëmw kw hu#m hogw mnu X ko s<swr CoV kr isdwwrnw hogw[ as smx asky swqw AOr kuc nhi<, bs, Aij~q ike hue km~ hi jwe<gy : ilikaw AweAw goiv<d kw vxwjwiraw imzw ait cly kmwxww swiqw ] (pºw 78) ijs kmwe~ ki bwq I gu{ Arjn swihb ny ki vh Dwn, s<piá, {qbw, lok- Sw<sw Awid nhi< hy[ mnu X BRmvSw ijsy kmwe~ smjqw hy vh kuc BI swqw nhi< jwqi[ swrw kuc XhI< rh jwqw hy[ swqw jwqw hy qo jivn-invw~h my < brqi ge~ e~mwndwri, prmwëmw ky iq w v ym AOr syvwshxog ki Bwvnw, jo Bwe~ lwlo ji jysy pu{ w kmwqy hy<[ EysI kmwe~ hi jivn ko spl bnwqi hy : krm DwrqI sri{ jug A<qir

50 < gurmiq zwn 52 jo bovy so Kwiq ] khu nwnk Bgq sohih drvwry mnmuk sdw Bvwiq ] (pºw 78) I gu{ Arjn swihb ny khw ik s<swr ky A<dr jnm lyny vwly mnu X kw SwrIr DwrqI ki qrh hy, ijsmy < asny Apny kmo~ < ky bij bony hy < AQww~q` mnu X Apny qn kw jysw apxog krygw asy vysw hi Pl wîq hogw[ mnu X g<birqw sy ivcwr kry ik vh jivn my < kysy km~ kr rhw hy[ asky km~ hi Pl bn kr asky pws lot kr Awny vwly hy <[ sukm~ hi A<qq: shwxk hoqy hy <[ esky ile jivn my AnuSwwsn cwihe[ I gu{ nwnk swihb ny khw ik swri s i t iniscq inxm AOr AnuSwwsn my < cl rhi hy[ koe~ BI essy bwhr nhi< hy[ Xh AnuSwwsn ávx< s i t ky rcixqw AOr pwlk prmwëmw kw hy[ mnu X prmwëmw ki sáw ko ávikwr kr asky BX my < rhy qbi vh y T kmo~< ki Aor anmuk hogw : hukmi aqmu nicu hukim ilik duk suk pwe~aih ] eknw hukmi bksis eik hukmi sdw Bvwe~Aih ] (pºw 1) jb prmwëmw pwlu hoqw hy qbi mnu X ko y T guxw wîq hoqy hy<[ aski eçcw sy hi suk imlqw hy ANXQww mnu X du kmo~< my< ilîq ho duk Bogqw rhqw hy[ aski pw pwny ky ile askw BX AOr AnuSwwsn jivn my< AinvwX~ }p sy AwvSXk hy<[ jivn my< sdw prmwëmw kw BX bnw rhy qo mnu X bury kmo~< sy dur rhygw[ sdw prmwëmw kw BX bny rhny kw AQw~ hy sdw prmwëmw ko ám iq my< bnwxy rknw AOr kbi ivám q n krnw[ prmwëmw ki sdw qiiq AOr sv~ûxwpkqw ko Dwwrxw krny my< hi mnu X kw ihq hy : Gr m<dr KusIAw qhi jh qu Awvih iciq ] duniaw kiaw vifawe~aw nwnk sib kuimq ] (pºw 319) gurbwxwi mnu X ky swmny do rwáqy KolqI hy[ Ek rwh hy prmwëmw ky hu#m, BX AOr qiiq my< rh kr vo km~ krny kw jo prmwëmw ki d i t my< ávikwx~ ho<[ dusrw mwg~ hy an váquao< AOr iáqwiqxo< ki wiîq ky ile km~ krnw, ijnhy< mwxw-moh my< aljw huaw s<swr muøxvwn AOr mhävpuxw~ mwnqw hy[ sw<swirk váquao< AOr iáqwiqxo< ko gurbwxwi ny kuimq AQww~q` mnu X ky SwZu ki s<zw di hy[ ensy mnu X kw kbi Blw nhi< ho skqw[ jb mnu X ky A<dr mwxw kw moh pydw hoqw hy qo ivkwr asy Gyr lyqy hy< AOr vh prmwëmw sy ivmuk ho jwqw hy : mweaw mohu pryqu hy kwm ŸoDwu Ah<kwrw ] Eh jm ki isrkwr hy Enw pir jm kw f<fu krwrw ] mnmuk jm mig pwe~ain ijn dujw Bwa ipawrw ] jm puir bdwy mwriain ko suxwy n pukwrw ] (pºw 513) I gu{ Amrdws swihb ny apro#q vcn my< ivkwro< ko yq khw hy jo mwxw ky jwl my< aljqy hi mnu X sy ilpt jwqy hy<[ enky Bwv my< vh m<dy km~ krqw hy AOr Xmrwj ky d<f kw BwgI bnqw hy[ Eysy mnu X ko prmwëmw ky drbwr my< koe~ áqwwn nhi< imlqw AOr vh duk shqw hy[ gurbwxwi ny scyq ikxw hy ik vh es dul~b jivn ko ÛXQw~ n jwny dy : nr Acyq pwp qy f{ ry ] din deawl sgl BY B<jn srin qwih qum p{ ry ] (pºw 220) gurmiq ki yrxww Eysy kmo~< ki hy jo prmwëmw ki Swrxw my< ly jwny vwly hy<[ Bwe~

51 gurmiq zwn 53 lwlo ji bfæe~ kw kwm krqy Qwy, ik<qu es kwx~ my< mwxw AOr ivkwro< ki koe~ CwXw nhi< QwI[ Xh jiivkw clwny ky ile AwvSXk Qww[ esy krqy hue sdw hi prmwëmw ki qiiq bni rhqi QwI[ es mwg~ pr clqy hue an pr prmwëmw ny Apwr pw ki AOr ávx< I gu{ nwnk swihb Bwe~ lwlo ji ko dsw~n dyny anky Gr AwE[ gurmiq ny mnu X ky ile suûxiáqwq AOr s<ximq idncxw~ qx ki[ eskw Awr<B Ek phr rwq rhqy hi ho jwqw hy[ gurbwxwi ny esy Am q vylw (Am q kwl) khw[ es smx atkr idncxw~ Awr<B krny sy mn my< jo s<køp bnqw hy vh Anmol hy[ I gu{ rwmdws swihb ny vcn ike ik Am q vyly at kr prmwëmw kw ismrn krny AOr jivn kw mwg~ d Fæ krny sy mnu X sd`guxwo< sy mwlwmwl ho jwqw hy[ asy koe~ BI jivn my< prwáq nhi< kr skqw : hir Dwnu rqnu jvyh{ mwxwku hir DwnY nwil A<imRqu vyly vqy hir BgqI hir ilv lwe~ ] hir Dwnu A<imRq vyly vqy kw biijaw Bgq Kwe Kric rhy inkuty nwhi ] hliq pliq hir DwnY ki Bgqw ka imli vifawe~ ] (pºw 734) jb mnu X Am q vyly my< AQww~q` phr rwq rhqy at jwqw hy AOr prmwëmw kw ismrn kr ApnI idncxw~ Awr<B krqw hy qo asy ApUv~ jw~ wîq hoqi hy[ essy asky jivn ky swry ABwv dur ho jwqy hy<[ mn AOr qn sukd iáqwiq my< Aw jwqw hy[ vh Apny jivn ko swqw~k bnwny my< spl hoqw hy[ Awj mnu X ki ke~ smáxwe< dyr sy atny ky kwrxw hy<[ Xy smáxwe< qn ki BI hy< AOr mn ki BI[ askw kwpi smx ensy jujny my< hi clw jwqw hy[ Am q vyly atny sy vh mn AOr qn dono< kw ávwáqx bnwe rkqw hy[ I gu{ Arjn swihb ny khw ik Eysw krny sy mnu X ky swry s<køp pury hoqy hy< : wqhkwil hir nwmu acwri ] e~q q ki at svwri ]1] sdw sdw jipey hir nwm ] purn hovih mn ky kwm ] (pºw 743) mn prmwëmw my < rmw ho qo mn my < aám guxwo< kw jnm hoqw hy jo jivn-splqw ky ile AwvSXk hy[ jb mnu X guxwo< ko Dwwrxw kr km~ krqw hy qo askw m spl hoqw hy[ esky ile gu{ swihbwn ky smkwlin AOr mhwn ivªwn Bwe~ gurdws ji ny kw adwhrxw idxw hy[ Bwe~ gurdws ji ny khw ik jysy Ek Apnw isr nicy kr bvw hoqw hy vysy hi mnu X Apny ivkwro< ko nicy dbw kr AOr guxwo< ko pr rk kr jivn jie[ mn ki qrh Apny guxwo< pr Aivcl, Afol rhy[ jysy pëqwr mwrny vwlo< ko BI Pl dyqw hy mnu X vysw hi propkwri bny[ jysy Apny ko ktvw kr nwv bnqw hy AOr dusro< ko pwr ly jwqw hy vysy hi mnu X ËXwg, bildwn kr dusro< ky ihq kry[ jo ky lt`ty pr cfæqw hy vh asy ndi ky pwr aqwrqw hy[ esi kwr mnu X Apnw Aihq krny vwlo< kw BI ihq kry[ guxwo<, muøxo< AOr is w<qo< ky iq Afolqw 'nwm jpo' sy jnm lyqi hy[ nwv bn jwnw 'ikrq' hy AOr nwv ªwrw ibnw iksi BydBwv sbi ko iknwry qk ly jwnw 'v<f Cko' hy[ jb qk mnu X nwv nhi< bnqw qb qk guxwo< kw koe~ mol nhi<[ propkwr ibnw nwv nhi< bny nhi< ikxw jw skqw[ nwv bnnw AQww~q` m krnw sbsy mhävpuxw~ hy[ I gu{ nwnk swihb ny m ko smmwn dyqy hue esy sv~ y T apmw di hy[

52 gurmiq zwn 54 krqwrpur my< rhqy hue Ek bwr I gu{ nwnk swihb Apny Kyqo< ki dykbwl ky ile ge hue Qwy[ Bwe~ lihxww ji, jo bwd my< I gu{ A<gd swihb ky }p my< gu{awe~ pr AwsIn hue, I gu{ nwnk swihb ky dsw~n krny Kyqo< my< cly ge[ Swwm ko I gu{ nwnk swihb jb vwips lotny lgy qo anho<ny Krpqvwr/ Psl kw kicv sy BIgw huaw bojw I gu{ A<gd swihb ky isr pr rkvw idxw[ vy Gr phu<cy qo I gu{ nwnk swihb ki supëni mwqw sul#kxwi ji ny khw ik ''kicv tpkny sy qo I gu{ A<gd swihb ky ryswmi váz Krwb ho ge hy<['' I gu{ nwnk swihb ny khw ik ''Xy kicv nhi< kysr ky CI<ty hy<['' essy AiDwk bvw smmwn m krny vwly kw #Xw ho skqw hy! ikrq ko kysr bnw dynw gurmiq kw mhwn s<køp hy, ijsy gu{ swihbwn ny swkwr ikxw[ gu{-drbwr my< smmwn dolq, qwkq AOr pdvi sy nhi< syvw-bwvnw Ev< guxwo< sy imlny ki Qww Awr<B hue~[ ijnhy< es kwrxw smwj my< apyi@wq AOr qwivq ikxw jwqw Qww ik vy swdwwrxw kwm krny vwly hy<, anhy< gu{ swihbwn ny Apny ym AOr pw sy inhwl kr idxw[ jb I Am qsr swihb Swhr bnw qo I gu{ rwmdws swihb ny durdur sy ivibº klw-koswl my < inpuxw, e~mwndwri sy kwm krny vwly kwrigro<, imko<, ÛXwpwr krny vwlo< ko Xhw< bsny ky ile bulwxw AOr anki nwnw kwr sy shwxqw ki, qwik vy Apny pyro< pr KVy ho sky<[ I Am qsr swihb my< Ek bvw ÛXvswiXk bwjwr ivkisq huaw, ijsy Awj BI 'gu{ bwjwr' nwm sy jwnw jwqw hy[ gu{ swihbwn ny mnu X ko es bwq ky ile bwr-bwr scyq ikxw ik vh Aiq dul~b mwnv-jnm ko ÛXQw~ n jwny dy AOr eskw sdupxog AwËm-aËQwwn ky ile kry[ mnu X m krqy hue prmwëmw ko ivám q kr dyqw hy AOr ivkwro< ky vsw Btkqw rhqw hy[ Xh ikrq nhi< hy[ Dwn-dOlq EkZ krny sy kbi s<qui t nhi< imlqi[ ikrq ko nwm sy jov kr hi s<qo w wîq ikxw jw skqw hy : ibnu hir nwmu Av{ sbu Qworw ] izpiq AGwvY hir drsin mnu morw ] (pºw 376) Dwn AOr sw<swirk pdwqwo~ < kw mhäv Ek simw my < hy[ assy AiDwk ki kwmnw mnu X ko km~ AOr m sy sdyv pqw-br t krqi hy[ Awj mnu X AiDwk sy AiDwk Dwn cwhqw hy, ijssy vh muøxvwn sw<swirk pdwqw~ KrId sky, Swwndwr invws bnw kr Awrwm sy rh sky, kimqi kwro< my < cl sky, kimqi váz phn sky AOr mh<gy sy mh<gy hotl my < Kwnw Kw sky[ smwj my< ÛXwÎq Anwcwr ky mul my< XhI n KËm hony vwli lwlswxy < hy < jo sdw mnu X ky mn my< clqi rhqi hy <[ I gu{ nwnk swihb ny khw ik AwvSXkqw sy AiDwk ki kwmnw ivkwr pydw krny vwli hoqi hy : bwbw ho{ Kwxww KusI KuAw{ ] ijqu KwDwY qnu piviey mn mih clih ivkwr ] (pºw 16) gu{ swihb ny khw ik Xid mn my< prmwëmw kw ym AOr smp~xw ho qo mn ávx< hi CÁIs kwr ky ÛX<jno< ky ávwd jysw q Îq ho jwqw hy[ anho<ny vcn ike ik mnu X ki SwoBw su<dr vázo< sy nhi< mn my< prmwëmw kw nwm bsy hony sy hy : rqw pynxwu mnu rqw supydi squ dwnu ] nili isawhi kdw krxwi pihrxwu pyr idwawnu ] kmrb<du s<qok kw Dwnu jobnu qyrw nwmu ] (pºw 16)

53 gurmiq zwn 55 wcin kwl my< váz phnny ky bwd kmrb<d bw<dww jwqw Qww jo rwjsi Swwn kw qik Qww[ gu{ swihb ny khw ik s<qo w vwáqivk kmrb<d hy AOr prmwëmw kw nwm XOvn kw icnh hy[ gu{ swihb ny khw ik ijsny prmwëmw kw mwg~ jwn ilxw asy <ci kwti vwly AOr ávixw~m dumci vwly GoVy ki AwvSXkqw nhi< rhqi[ suk-suivdww ky swdwn jutwny ky ile idn-rwq Ek kr dyny kw BI koe~ AQw~ nhi<[ suk prmwëmw ky ismrn sy AOr aski pw sy hi imlnw hy : Gr m<dr KusI nwm ki ndir qyri prvw{ ] (pºw 16) mnu X wqw~nw kry ik prmwëmw assy sçci ikrq krwe : kir ikrpw s<q thly lwe ] nwnk swdwu s<ig smwe ] (pºw 1146) s<swr ijs idn gurmiq ki idkwe~ ikrq ki rwh pr clny lg pvygw, byku<t bn jwegw[ is#k eiqhws ki gorv-gwqww : srih<d-pqh (p ˆT 43 kw Soˆw) imli adwr ApnI jwn bcwny ky ile dovw[ dswmysw ipqw ky is<go< ki POj ny SwwhI POj ko hrw idxw Qww : dyko klw Bu ki inawri[ ijqy PkIr Swwih jwe hwri[ is#ko< ny srih<d my< vysw ikxw[ vhw< itki SwwhI POj BI ÈXwdw dyr qk mukwblw n kr ski[ srih<d pr is#ko< kw kñjæw ho gxw[ is#ko< ny srih<d ki e~<t sy e~<t bjw di[ vjir Kw< kw bytw idøli Bwg gxw[ gu{-gr ky «ohi suçcwn<d ki hvyli ko imæi my< imlw idxw gxw[ suçcwn<d ny gribo< sy lut-lut kr jo dolq jmw kr rki QwI, vh sb is#ko< ky AiDwkwr my< Aw ge~[ Eysw lgw ik asny swri dolq esi idn ky ile jov kr rk rki QwI[ suçcwn<d ko asky ªwrw ike ge Ek-Ek juøm ki sjæw imli[ is#k srih<d kw Kurw-Koj asi idn imtw dyny ki Twny byty Qwy, pr<qu srih<d ky grib AOr ih<du invwisxo< ki PirXwd pr bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ny is#ko< ko rok idxw[ bwd my< sn` 1763 e~. my< mhwn is#k jrnyl srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ny srih<d ko imæi my< imlwkr is#ko< ªwrw I Akwl q$æq swihb pr ike ge xw ko purw ikxw[ srih<d ko Pqh krny ky bwd bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ny Bwe~ bwj is<g ko vhw< kw subydwr inxu#q ikxw AOr suby my< NXwXpUxw~ rwèx-ûxváqww lwgu ki[ Coty-bVy jmi<dwro<, POjdwro<, codwirxo< AOr nwijmo< ny cupcwp e~n mwn li[ vjæir Kw< ky irkwf~-kipr mir nwisr Kw< AOr POjdwr dindwr Kw< ny qo is#k Dwm~ hi A<gIkwr kr ilxw[ srih<d ki Pqh sy is#ko< kw dbdbw pury p<jwb my < byt gxw[ Agly ke~ v wo~ < qk srih<d bwbw b<dw is<g bhwdur ªwrw áqwwipq ' Qwm Kwlsw rwèx' kw mhävpuxw~ subw bnw rhw[ srih<d-pqh is#k eiqhws ki Aiq gorvmxi gwqww hy[ dswmysw ipqw ki 'icivxn' ny 'bwjæ' qov ilxw Qww[ esi ky swqw muglo< ky jwilm swmrwèx ky pqn ki khwni Awr<B ho ge~[

54 gurmiq zwn 56 p<jwbi Bw ww kivqw srdwr jásw is<g AwhlUvwilXw ivc mydwny irhw jujdw, sis qli 'qy Dwr ky[ jásw is<g ny jás Kt`t ilaw, p<qw di syvw krky[ ijøhw lwhor dy AwhlU ip<f ivc, bdr is<g si rih<dw[ krky suçci ikrq kmwe~, mu#ko< siqnwm si kih<dw[ lok- lok svwry bwxwi, gu{ gr<qw di pfæ ky[ jásw is<g ny jás Kt`t ilaw, p<qw di syvw krky[ CotI amry isr qo< at igaw, jdo< ipqw dw sweaw[ AwhlUvwilXw as vkq nu<, ho<sly nwl l<gweaw[ vd`dwdw irhw vøl Agw<h nu<, duk-qklipw< jr ky[ jásw is<g ny jás Kt`t ilaw, p<qw di syvw krky[ mwqw su<dri ny jásy 'qy, njær myhr di kiqi[ puá smj ky qov inbwe~, as dy nwl IqI[ Swsqr so<p ky AwiKAw jixww, nhi< iksy qo< fr ky[ jásw is<g ny jás Kt`t ilaw, p<qw di syvw krky[ gu} smj ky gr<qw swihb qo<, ly<dw irhw Agvwe~[ es Agvwe~ ny hi as nu<, jivn-jwc iskwe~[ cu#ky hoe kdm kdy nw, ipçcy vøl nu< srky[ jásw is<g ny jás Kt`t ilaw, p<qw di syvw krky[ m^gdy surj vrgi si, as dy cyhry aáy lwli[ k<bdw si q#k ky ijs nu<, Aihmd Swwh AbdwlI[ muv jw<dw si KwlI AwpxwI, ijái bwji hr ky[ jásw is<g ny jás Kt`t ilaw, p<qw di syvw krky[ Enw sokw hu<dw nhi<, sulqwn kom dw bxwnw[ duswmxw diaw< b<dukw< A^gy, sinw py<dw qxwnw[ ibn kurbwni nhi< bdldy, kdy eiqhws dy vrky[ jásw is<g ny jás Kt`t ilaw, dysw di syvw krky[ 'cohly' vwilaw jg dy aáy, Awa<dy ivrly twvy<[ Bry hu<dy kurbwniaw< dy nwl, ijnhw< dy isrnwvy<[ qwhia< sis Jukwa<dy loki<, Aw anhw< dy dr 'qy[ jásw is<g ny jás Kt`t ilaw, kom di syvw krky[ *gli n<br 2, ƒi w ngr E#sty<Swn, luidwxwnw , Pon : I rmysw b^gw cohlw*

55 gurmiq zwn 57 Kæbrnwmw ákul my< eimqhwn ky smx kkwr aqwrny ky ile mjæbur krny kw iswromixw gu.. kmyti ny ilxw s$æq noits I Am qsr swihb : 20 mwc~ : shwrnpur ky Ek we~vyt ákul my< dsvi< k@ww kw eimqhwn dy rhy kuc Am qdwwri is#k iv wiqw~xo< ko k pwxw aqwr kr pri@ww my< bytny ky ile mjæbur krny kw iswromixw gu{ªwrw b<dwk kmyti ny s$æq noits ilxw hy[ iswromixw gu{ªwrw b<dwk kmyti ky Dwwn Bwe~ goib<d is<g lo<govwl ny jwri bxwn my< ákul b<dwko< ki es hrkq ki kvi in<dw krqy hue khw hy ik Apny hi dysw ky A<dr is#ko< ky swqw EysI Dw#kySwwhI bdw~sq nhi< ki jwegi[ anho<ny áqwwnix Swwsn sy mw<g ki ik ákul b<dwko< AOr i <sipl ky iv{ s$æq kwx~vwhi ki jwe[ Bwe~ lo<govwl ny khw ik is#k kkwr gu{- dá rihxwi kw ihásw hy< AOr Am qdwwri is#ko< ky ile A<g-s<g rkny gu{ kw hu#m hy[ anho<ny khw ik Xh sb kuc jwnny ky bwvjud BI Bwrq A<dr GtqI EysI GtnwE< swijsw qiq hoqi hy<, ijnky kwrxw is#ko< my< A#sr ro w aëpº hoqw hy[ Bwe~ lo<govwl ny khw ik iv wiqw~xo< ko pri@ww sy phly mwnisk qor pr pryswwn krnw anky Biv X ky swqw iklvwv krnw hy[ anho<ny khw ik es mwmly ko lykr jhw< Apny áqr pr pvqwl krvwe~ jwegi, vhi< ky<«srkwr ky swqw BI s<pk~ áqwwipq kr dysw ky A<dr is#ko< ki Dwwim~k AwjæwdI ko ivsvsnix bnwny ky ile khw jwegw[ 'syvw srgrmiaw<' kw phlw A<k Bwe~ lo<govwl ny ikxw jwri I Am qsr swihb : 23 mwc~ : iswromixw gu{ªwrw b<dwk kmyti ky Dwwn Bwe~ goib<d is<g lo<govwl ny iswromixw gu.. kmyti ki qrp sy kwiswq mwisk 'syvw srgrmiaw<' phlw A<k jwri ikxw[ es mwisk pz my< iswromixw gu{ªwrw b<dwk kmyti ki giqividwxo< AOr Dwm~ cwr lhr ky A<qg~q krvwe jwqy kwmo< ky bwry my< jwnkwri di ge~ hy[ Bwe~ goib<d is<g lo<govwl ny khw ik Dwm~ cwr kmyti ky PYsly ky Anuswr mwisk pz 'syvw srgrmiaw<' ki kwswnw Swu} ki ge~ hy[ anho<ny khw ik eskw m<qûx ivibº áqwwno< pr krvwe jwqy Dwm~ cwr ky smwgmo< ki jwnkwri ko AiDwk sy AiDwk s<gq qk phu<cwnw hy, ijssy vy essy yrxww lykr Dwm~ ki isw@wwao< ky swqw juv sky<[ anho<ny khw ik iswromixw gu.. kmyti ki qrp sy es mwisk pz ki s<pwdnw kw kwx~ Aiqir#q sicv s. idljiq is<g ko so<pw gxw hy[ iswromixw gu.. kmyti ky mu$x sicv fw. }p is<g AOr Dwm~ cwr kmyti ky