R 31S R 5T 2014? 9U V W ARID ZONE RESEARCH Vol.31 No.4 Sept.2014 doi: /j.azr ! 1 1, 1, 2 (1.!" #$%&', ; 2., () ) " #:*+,-
|
|
|
- Antoni Mazurek
- 6 lat temu
- Przeglądów:
Transkrypt
1 R 31S R 5T 2014? 9U V W ARID ZONE RESEARCH Vol.31 No.4 Sept.2014 doi: /j.azr ! 1 1, 1, 2 (1.!" #$%&', ; 2., () ) " #:*+,-./ : 4; 6 9 <=, > 2009?@ABCDE IJKL MN O C IJKLMN PQR IJKL S, 4; MNTU8, V@ABC IJKLWMNX 43.42%;PQRYE S, ( IJKL MN ,VWMNX 4; Z[\]^8X_+,`a C IJbc# X_+ $%&: ; ; IJ; IJKL; [ ;@AB; IJKL < IJ X E > X + 1-2, E :[ X45 F:, E cx 3 IJKL Q E,R I J: Z ] Q X # _ + 4, IJKLMNX GDP IX F, % X, IJX: E X [ bc X 5 I J M N G H c ; 2,6, J =,QR QR GH X O West ma 10 Holdren 11 Ehrlich 12 Daily 1, , Costanza 15 IJKLMNGH?,!" ; G H, /X%,O IJ %, GH 16, QR E 19 > 20 Z! I JKLMNGH " GH Q # 8 IJKL XGH,`a #+$ IJMNGH % IJKLMNGH, $& X GM> bc #,c'$ & /X [ IJ IJU# X Y, IJX, ]U( )X*+4 :*,X -4. /,bc /0 IJ 1 X O : IJ,-./ 1 0 4; : Z [\] # X_ + 21 GH IJKLMN, & % X!GM> 23: 4bc#, c '$ 56 X [ Z 7-8Z X 2%, 56: Z9[\]# X_+ 22 X IJ: :X; 23 + NDVIX Y, 25a, Z : TY < hm 2 : m 3 22 $=>?@ XY, /W ABC DE, ] + Y?FO G H I JK 24 L BMNOX M[ 22,25-26 X : PQ 38 1 ' : ; : ()*:X!Y ( ) +,-.: (1978-),,',Z[, P\ 4; E mail:northaluvion@gmail.com ] htp://azr.xjegi.com
2 5T IJKL GH 867 Y,+^WZ hm 2,_( T m 3 27 Y@ `:aab c 1400~2800mX 20 >, X[ X ^: [ X# ^, > [ <, 8 X 27 aab X L X 0, X - :23[, X IJ 28 *+; MNGH, GH IJKL WMN ; IJKL GH $ R / :, *+Y@ :,GH KL WMN a -1 17, IJKL GH *+ XGH $ I J FB X, X<=E *+X F, #+$QR IJMNG H aab ^ # X ; $ 20 %[ + /, aab / 4; 7< JK, "^ T IJ 29 " IJKL GMX > 2009??, IJKL G H 16,*+Y@,O % 1 : X, aab X IJKLMN! GH, Y, Z $@ABC% > X!GH, CDT X L: [ ; Z & IJKL GH X : 1 /01 / = ~87 59 E,48 08 ~48 52 N, 85.5km, 87km,^ aab,aab Y. `, a ^, P,, : Uc 3258m,U c 730m ^ E, % ^9 E, 9-3.7,?.T 300~600mm C 3 WZ hm 2,!" 7 3,Y # $% P P c&' ( P % X# / -8E ^ : (X ^ % B ^ X ) * ^ b<x +,, - ^ X X 30,!". /0 0 : 1.( ) *.)!" : "C>.V E, 0 /0 1. H 2,3c ! *+ IJKL GH IJKLMN!GH 4 IJKL X 6 9 <=!KLMNX5 :6 /!" ?DE / ;D IJ T ( /$X%[ X 789 :); IJKL GH 16 X&; X@X56 X 1.2.1,-./!".T: <=.TMN*+X : U =10C : A(P-E-C) (1) :U Y?.TMN,I: a -1 ; C :.: I: M,I: m -3 ;P.T,I :mm a -1 ;E Y < T,I : mm a -1 ;C ^ =>,I:mm a -1 ;A YZ,I:hm 2 C : 6.11 m ;A? DE J5A ;P: EY? Worldclim / (htp:// clim.org/): AtlasoftheBiosphere /(htp:// datasetid= 58&includerelatedlinks=1& dataset=58)@ YE
3 868 V W 31S! Y,BA N;C?, 0 X^ =>T V.TX 1.1% (htp:// shtml),@C= 5 EYX^ = >T QRYE X A P E C 1?67.5MNX : U.5 =10KA(P-E-C) (2) :K.X67D+, 2.09 t QR YE X A P E C !" 1 : 1 E 2 <= Y 1 MNX : U 1 =AC ± (X 2 -X 1 )/ρ (3) :U 1 Y? 1MN,I: a -1 ;X 1 ^1,I:t hm -2 a -1 ;X 2 ^1,I:t hm -2 a -1 ;C ± : FI 1 GD+,I: m -3 ;ρ 1 #,I:t m -3 ;A YZ,I:hm 2 X 1 X 2 Y 3.47t hm -2 a -1 : 8.12t hm -2 a ;C 12.6 m ;ρ 1.25t m ;QRYE Z A 1 Y 1 E X : U E =A(X 2 -X 1 )(NC 1 /R 1 +PC 1 /R 2 + KC 2 /R 3 +MC 3 ) (4) :U E Y?EMN,I: a -1 ;N Y1 HIT,I:%;P Y1 HJT,I :%;K Y1 HKT,I:%;M Y1 c 5HT,I:%;R 1 JLDM7EHI T,I:%;R 2 JLDM7EHJT,I:%; R 3 N7K7EHKT,I:%;C 1 JLDM7 EM,I: t -1 ;C 2 N7K7EM,I: t -1 ;C 3 c 5M,I: t -1 ;A Y Z,I:hm 2 N P KY 0.69% 0.03%: 0.48% 34 ;M 1.39% 33 ;R 1 R 2 : R 3 XNY 14.00% 15.01%: 50.00% 16 ;C 1 C 2 : C 3 Y t -1 : 320 t ;QR YE Z A MN*+X : U =AC (1.63R B? +F 1 ) (5) :U -8? MN,I: a -1 ;B? Y6,I:t hm -2 a -1 ;F 1 IZ Y1? T,I:t hm -2 a -1 ;C M,I: t -1 ;R CO 2 XHT, 27.27%;A YZ,I:hm 2 B?? (O =,6! ( = 35 36, YZ A Y T,6 T PT XQ7 I 34,37 BA, (: (X 4T: PT + 0.5X R I 38 ;F -8 PTX 2.5S5 18 ; C 1200 t YE A B? : F 1 1 MN5 X : U =1.19C AB? (6) :U Y? MN,I: a -1 ;C 9M, 1000 a ! 23-45MN* +X : U 3- =AB? (N 3- C 1 /R 1 +P 3- C 1 /R 2 + K 3- C 2 /R 3 ) (7) :U 3- Y?3-45 2MN,I: a -1 ;N 3- (HIT,I:%;P 3- (HJ T,I:%;K 3- (HKT,I:%;R 1 J LDM7EHIT,I:%;R 2 JLDM7EH JT,I:%;R 3 N7KHKT,I:%;C 1 JLDM7EM,I: t -1 ;C 2 N7K7E M,I: t -1 ;B? Y6,I:t hm -2 a -1 ;A YZ,I:hm 2 N 3- P 3- : K 3- Y 6 L TA 39 ; YE UN "#$%&' $, V cw9 :XY,.C, M N <=, 6789 X *+X :U = AHK (Q -600)/L (8) :U Y? MN,I: a -1 ;K D +,I : -1 ; Q Y,I: cm -3 ;L Z,I:min;H Y,I:m;A Y
4 5T IJKL GH :; $ 3 Tab.1 AreasandecologicalparametersofnaturalforestswithdiferentstandsinBurqinForestryFarm,Xinjiang Y E YZ /hm 2 [T /mm.t /mm ^ = > /mm Y?6 / IZ Y 1? T / YI [H (t hm -2 a -1 ) (t hm -2 a -1 ) T /% YJ [H T /% YK [H T /% Y / ( cm -3 ) Y /m / H ( ( YI [HT H YE (!" 0 /0.:.)XN6 \] ^ ^_XN 39, (: HY 6 UH ` : XHT 39 ; (XHT \] ch X NBA P cx ab X S,c 8 c (XHT 40 ; P^ BS,"^ aab Q P9 4 B \8, "^X, (XYI [HT /0 ( Y, $/0YN 6 ", *+\] (H X N_ (YXI [HT YJ [:K [* E X N Z,I:hm 2 K ; Q? L TA 41 ;L 10min; H? DE / BA YX N; Y E UN $ 44 Y@ 2Q, C 5-4; X *+ 4 < : c < X Shannon Wiener< 42 5,X : U W =(1+ x E m 0.1+ y B n 0.1)S A (9) m=1 n=1 :U W Y?4 0MN,I: a -1 ;E m GHY( ) 4 mx ;B n GHY( ) 4 nx c ;x 5 < 4 T;y 5 c < 4 T;S IZ 4 ; 0MNT,I: hm -2 a -1 ;A YZ,I:hm 2 5 *+@AB -44!5 (@A B -44 Y@ : -4= (htp:// c-4 43 > L ) 6 IJKL GH 16 XY =,S 5000 hm -2 a -1 YZ hm IJKL WMN B 9 <= :,X : U= 9 U i (10) i=1 IJKL W MN,I: a -1 ;U IJKL <=?MN,I: a -1 2 <= :> 2.1?@AB I JKL WMN ,/, ( MN ,V@ABC IJKL WMNX 52.09%? X MN hm -2,/ (? XMN hm -2 ( 2) 3, 4 ; M N T U 8 ( a -1 ),VWMNX 43.42%;678 9 MNTU ( a -1 ), VWMN X 3 IJKL MNT /1 3, Y@ 1, 3 XMNT ~ a -1,/ :$%3 > (P3 > 3 > P 3 >P 3 > # 3 >c&' 3 IJKL WMNT /1 4 YE,-./ MNT ~ a -1,/
5 870 V W 31S 7 2 E@AB Tab.2 Valuesandproportionsofthediferentservicesof naturalforestecosystem inburqinforestryfarm,xinjiang a -1,/ : ( > ( >. > 0 >/0 >. > H; E MNT MNT /(10 8 a -1 ) 1 /% <=E <= MNT /(10 8 a -1 ),-./ ? ? E ; MN MN : ( >. > ( > 0 >/0 > H >.;01 MNT ~ a -1,/ : ( >. > ( > 0 >/0 > H >. ; MNT ~ IJKL WMNTXY@ Fig.1 Distributionofthetotalvaluesofservicesofnatural forestecosystemindiferentforestregionsofburqin ForestryFarm,Xinjiang 7 3 Tab.3 Valuesandproportionsofthediferentservicesofnaturalforestecosystem indiferentforestregions ofburqinforestryfarm,xinjiang 3,-./ ; WMN 1 /% /(10 8 a -1 ) # $% P P c&' (P Tab.4 Valuesandproportionsofthediferentservicesofnaturalforestecosystem withdiferentstands inburqinforestryfarm,xinjiang YE Z /hm 2 Z 1 /% MNT /(10 8 a -1 ) IZ MNT /(10 4 hm -2 a -1 ) MNT1 /% / H ( (
6 5T IJKL GH 871 MNT ~ a -1,/ : ( > ( >. > 0 >/0 >. > H;6789 MNT 300~ a -1,/ :. > 0 >/0 > ( > ( >. > H ; 4; MNT ~ a -1,/ : ( >. > ( > 0 >/0 > H >. QRY E IJKL IZ MNT : ( >. > ( >. > H >/ 0 > 0 3 < > 2009??,*+!"[@ X C IJKL MN ,/, ( IJKL MN ,V@ABC IJKLWMN X ( I JKL Z[\]^8X_+ C,@AB CX ( (: X# ;,c _ X Z (> : -4 4, 88 : ( X, ( X-8 23 c 3 : Z,U <# ( (X_+, %, 8 Y ( X,QRE KLMN : 4; > >,-./ >01 > >6789,/ 4; V % KL GH 17 *+R GH 5 X#, : ce XO,a IJK L b< 2 X ^,a- -8 [0, - 31, 0 ()X4 ;, 4 ; U()X^ 3 ZU< 4; 0 QRYE IJKLWMN : ( >. > ( > 0 >/0 > H >. QR IJKL YE XKL 1 3Q R P 4;,-./:01 BS, (,/.: ( 3 YE X Z ( 4) Y Z 3 IJKL X#.[ QRYE IZ IJKL MNTX 1[, (IZ MNT3Q U8 X, $/Z V E,.C,L B[\] X_+ ( IZ MNTU 8, $/YZ Q 10%, $L CX IJKLMN Q >Z V EX ( :. 56X *+X IJ KL GH 16 X@X,.C,"MN TGH3 4 % XMN, REc X 1,`Q#+$/0GHO X1, $b _, T R %.C,5 O C IJKL XGH c $Z 6 %X FB,O CM IJ,! : FGH(References): 1 DailyG.NaturesServices:SocietalDependenceonNaturalEcosys tems M.WashingtonDC:IslandPres, CostanzaR,CumberlandJH,DalyH,etal.AnIntroductiontoEc ologicaleconomics M.Florida:StLuciePres, , _, H. IJKLMNQ7 J. /,2004,19(1): WangZongming, ZhangBai,ZhangShuqing.Studyontheefectsoflandusechange onecosystemservicevaluesofjilinprovince J.JournalofNatu ralresources,2004,19(1): ,,. IJKL M. :9 5,2002. LiWenhua,OuyangZhiyun,ZhaoJing zhu.studiesonecosystemservices M.Beijing:ChinaMeteoro logicalpres, ,,,.: IJKL MN J.,2010(11): Zhang Leqin,XuXinwang,RongHuifang,etal.Studiesonforestecosys temservicevaluesofshitaicountyinanhuiprovince J.Agricul turetechnologyeconoic,2010(11): ^,,,. $Y! X IJKL MN7 J. /,2008,23(5): Xie Gaodi,ZhenLin,LuChunxia,etal.Expertknowledgebasedvalua tionmethodofecosystemservicesinchina J.JournalofNatural Resources,2008,23(5):
7 872 V W 31S 7,,,. ^ IJKL /MN J.,2002,22(5): YuXinxiao,QinYongsheng,ChenLihua,etal.Theforesteco syestemservicesandtheirvaluationofbeijingmountainareas J. ActaEcologicaSinica,2002,22(5): ,. ^ IJ MN GH J. ^,2004,22(6): XuXinwang,Zhu Cheng.Estimationmethodsoftheeconomicallosofecologicalde structioninmountainousregionsofsouthanhui J.Journalof MountainResearch,2004,22(6): : IJKLMNGH J. /%[ C,2005,21(2):96. XuXinwang.Asesmentonvalueoffor estecosystem servicesinanhuiprovince J.ResourceDevelop ment&market,2005,21(2): WestmanW E.Howmucharenature sservicesworth? J.Sci ence,1977,197(4307): HoldrenJP,EhrlichPR.Humanpopulationandtheglobalenvi ronment J.AmericanScientist,1974,62: EhrlichPR,EhrlichAH.Thevalueofbiodiversity J.Ambio, 1992,21: ,.,. IJKL / MNGM J.U+,1999,10(5): Ouyang Zhiyun,WangRusong,ZhaoJingzhu.Ecosystemservicesandtheir economicvaluation J.ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology,1999, 10(5): ,,. IJKLX45T MNTGM X1 Y J.U+,2000,11(2): ZhaoJingzhu,XiaoHan,WuGang.Comparisonanalysisonphysi calandvalueasesmentmethodsforecosystemsservices J.Chi nesejournalofappliedecology,2000,11(2): CostanzaR,d ArgeR,GrootRd,etal.Thevalueoftheworld se cosystem servicesand naturalcapital J.Nature,1997,387 (6630): !". IJKL GH M. :!",2008. StateForestryAdministration.Specificationsfor AsesmentofForestEcosystem ServicesinChina M.Beijing: StateForestryAdministration, KL GH. KL GH M. : 5,2009. ProjectteamofAs sesmentofforestecologicalservicesinchina.asesmentoffor estecologicalservicesinchina M.Beijing:ChinaForestPres, ,, [,. G M J.,2011,40(2): LiFuqiang,Wang Xinhua,ChenShigang,etal.Estimationofecologicalbenefitoffor estoncarbonsequestrationandoxygenreleaseinjilincity J. JournalofJilinForestryScienceandTechnology,2011,40(2): ,. IJKLMNGH J.U+,2009,20(2): WangBin,LuShaowei.Evalu ationofeconomicforestecosystem servicesinchina J.Chinese JournalofAppliedEcology,2009,20(2): ,,,.# IJKL MNGH J. 8,2013,35(3): Liu Yong,WangYujie,WangYunqi,etal.Valueasesmentonservice functionofforestecosysteminjinyunmountain,chongqingcityof southwesternchina J.JournalofBeijingForestryUniversity, 2013,35(3): ,,!,. 4; 0 23 M. : 5,2005. ZangRunguo,Chen Kewu,LiJunqing,etal.BiodiversityConservationandRestoration ofnaturalforests M.Beijing:ChinaScienceandTechnology Pres, ". 25? X Q7 J.VW,2011, 28(1): ShiLei.DynamicchangeofforestsinXinjiangin recent25year J.AridZoneResearch,2011,28(1): #. X :;_+ J., 2003(6):8. RenLanzeng.Ecologicalsecurityandconstructionof forestinxinjiang J.ForestryofXinjiang,2003(6):8. 24 $,%&',,. / Y : $ RS GISX / J.^,2003,58(1): LiHu,LvXunxian,ChenShujiang,etal.Dynamicanalysis andevaluationofxinjiangforestresources:basedonremotesens ingandgis J.ActaGeographicaSinica,2003,58(1): ,,,. 20a -8 Q7 J.VW,2004,21(4): ShiQingdong, XiaoJidong,PanXiaoling,etal.Studyonthechangeofvegetation coverageinxinjiangsincerecent20years J.AridZoneRe search,2004,21(4): (,,)*+,. 20;? -8< X Q7 /. J.VW,2010,27(1): Guo Ni,WangXiaoping,CaiDihua,etal.Analysisonthevegetationin dexvariationanditsformationcausesintheoasesinnorthwest Chinainrecent22years J.AridZoneResearch,2010,27(1): I[, J., 2009(3):6-10. ZhaoBingwu.Developmentstatusandstrate giesofforestecosysteminxinjiang J.ForestryofXinjiang,2009 (3): , -. IJKL MNH J. VW /,2006,20(6): XiongHeigang, QinShan.Estimatingtheeconomicvaluesoftheforestecosystem servicefunctioninxinjiang J.JounrnalofAridLandResources andenvironment,2006,20(6): `,,./,. aab C //6.RD0 86:S10 9 Q7,2009: BaiZhiqiang,LiuHua,Guo Zhongjun,etal.EcologicalmonitoringinAltaiforestareas,Xin jiang,china C //ChineseSocietyofForestry.TheSecondSesion ofthechinaforestryacademicconference:s10proceedingsof ForestryandClimateChange,2009: , / + M. : 5,1978. XinjiangCompre hensiveexpeditionofchineseacademyofscience,instituteof Botany,ChineseAcademyofScience.VegetationandItsUtilization inxinjiang M.Beijing:SciencePres, M. () / : 5 / 5,1989. EditorialCommiteeof XinjiangForest.XinjiangForest M.Urumqi/Beijing:Xinjiang PeoplePres/ChinaForestPres, *,.GIS 1 T 5 XU+:>
8 5T IJKL GH 873 2P > J.1.1,1995, 1(1): ChenYaning,LiuXingwen.Useofinformationge ographysystem technologyinsimulatedcalculationofsoilerosion volume takingtoutunheriverbasinofxinjiang J.JournalofSoil ErosionandSoilandWaterConservation,1995,1(1): X'.1 M. : 5,1998. NationalSoilSurveyOfice.SoilofChina M.Beijing: ChinaAgriculturePres, ,5 /,,.! X GH J.%+,2013(4): ZhaoLing,FengJian jun,wangyongping,etal.estimationofecologicalbenefitofna tionalpublicwelfareforestin Xinjiang J.PracticalForestry Technology,2013(4): :.( LY M. : :,1978. MinistryofAgricultureandFor estryofthepeople srepublicofchina.treevolumetablely M.Beijing:MinistryofAgricultureandForestryofthe People srepublicofchina, c W" / ". 6c c?=( M. : 5,1990. ForestResourcesSurveyBureauatachedtoForestIndustryBu reauofheilongjiangprovince.rootdiametervolumemanualof State ownedforestinheilongjiangprovince M.Beijing:China ForestryPres, ,,78F.& -8X 4T:6 T J.,1996,16(5): FangJingyun,Liu Guohua,XuSongling.Biomasandnetproductionofforestvegeta tioninchina J.ActaEcologicaSinica,1996,16(5): ,9),. / : X J.,2000,20(5): LiuGuohua, FuBojie,FangJingyun.CarbondynamicsofChineseforestsandits contributiontoglobalcarbonbalance J.ActaEcologicaSinica, 2000,20(5): ;.\] IJKL MNGM D. : 8,2012. WJSGuleng.TheResearchon thevalueasesmentofforestecosystem ServicesofTaiyue Mountain D.Beijing:BeijingForestryUniversity, c 8 MNTXGM D. : 8,2009. XiaoLing.StudyonEvaluatingthe MainValueofForestEcosystemsintheDagangshanMountainin JiangxiProvince D.Beijing:BeijingForestryUniverstiy, ,. 0(Pinaceae.schrenkiana) 9 / J.:,2012,18(19): LiXiang,ZhangYutao.AnalysisofaeroanionresourcesinTians hanforestofpinaceaeschrenkiana J.AnhuiAgricultureScience Buletin,2012,18(19): , (. IJ4 ; 0MNGH J. 8,2012,34(2): WangBin, SongQingfeng.Valueasesingmethodsofspeciesdiversitycon servationinforestecosystem J.JournalofBeijingForestryUni verstiy,2012,34(2): HuangJ,ChenJ,YingJ,etal.Featuresanddistributionpaternsof Chineseendemicseedplantspecies J.JournalofSystematicsand Evolution,2011,49(2): <.!#$ -4X 4^ D. :-4,2008. ZhangYinbo.Conserva tionbiogeographyofnationalkeyprotectedwildplantsinchina D.Beijing:InstituteofBotany,ChineseAcademyofSciences, ServiceFunctionsoftheNaturalForestEcosystem inburqinforestfarm,xinjiang HUANGJi hong 1, LUXing hui 1, GUOZhong jun 2 (1.KeyLaboratoryofForestEcologyandEnvironmentofStateForestryAdministration,InstituteofForestEcology, EnvironmentalandProtection,ChineseAcademyofForestry,Beijing100091,China; 2.InstituteofForestEcology,XinjiangAcademyofForestry,Urumqi830000,China) Abstract: LocatesinXinjiang,anaridregioninChina,BurqinForestFarmisatypicalmontaneforest.Burqin ForestFarmisoneoftheforestfarmswheretheNatureForestProtectionProjectwasfirstlybeguntoimplement. ThevaluesofservicefunctionsofnaturalforestecosysteminBurqinForestFarmwereasesedbasedon6ecologi calservicefunctions(9indices)includingwaterconservation,soilconservationandfertilization,co 2 fixationand O 2 generation,nutrientaccumulation,airpurification,biodiversityconservationandforestinventorydatatypeⅡin 2009.ResultsshowedthattheannualservicevalueofnaturalforestecosysteminBurqinForestFarm was yuanrmb.fordiferentecosystemservices,thevalueofbiodiversityprotectionfunctionwasthehighestand accountedfor43.42% ofthetotal;fortheforestwithdiferentstands,thevalueofshrubberyecosystemservicewas yuanandaccountedfor52.09% ofthetotal.thesesuggestedthatthebiodiversityconservationplayeda veryimportantrole,andtheshrubberycontributedanimportantfunctioninthenaturalforestecosystem inburqin ForestFarm.ThestudyprovidedanimportantreferenceforasesingtheecologicalbenefitsofNatureForestProtec tionprojectatforestfarmlevel. Keywords: NatureForestProtectionProject;ecologicalbenefit;forestecosystem;ecologicalservicefunction; sustainabledevelopment;burqin;xinjiang
!"# $%&' () *+,-. /01 23# :; # + B CDE01+,- # E FG+,-HIJK# L0 1M NOM M M <PQM RSTUVWXY PQ+,- B +,- < Z+[\M 78]^9:_`a <bc B +,- &' M < M
![!# $%&' () *+,-. /01 23# :; # + B CDE01+,- # E FG+,-HIJK# L0 1M NOM M M <PQM RSTUVWXY PQ+,- B +,- < Z+[\M 78]^9:_`a <bc B +,- &' M < M](/thumbs/96/130036797.jpg "!# $%&' () *+,-. /01 23# :; # + B CDE01+,- # E FG+,-HIJK# L0 1M NOM M M <PQM RSTUVWXY PQ+,- B +,- < Z+[\M 78]^9:_`a <bc B +,- &' M < M")
!"# $%&' () *+,-. /01 23# 456789:; # + ?%@A B CDE01+,- # E FG+,-HIJK# L0 1M NOM M M
!"#$%& '"$( )*+$,%-./
= > = )?! @!"#$% &'!"# $%&' ()*+,-./ 2 ()!"#$%&' ()*+,-./) 01 234562378923' :; & < ='> )?@AB' :;CDE ' ' FGH?@IJKALMNO' :; )
! "#$% &'!& & ( )*)* +,&, -! &./ * * -!"#$%&' 0 0!"#$% &' 1 (% )*+,'-./01 ) 2340,5 ( 67 1* 89:; 9?FG HIJK LMHIJK1NO K LME O K L M < = > P Q
! "#$% &'!& & ( )*)* +,&, -! &./ * * -!"#$%&' 0 0!"#$% &' 1 (% )*+,'-./01 ) 2340,5 ( 67 1* 89:; ?@ABCDE 9?FG HIJK LMHIJK1NO K LME O K L M < = > P Q A BR S T. U V W? @ XY=> E 9 Z [\] ^ _`a`@bc 9 M
!"#$%&'!"#$%&' ($!(#)*+,-$!./)0 1 $!.) $!23) 45$!"#6!"#789% & 8:; ); );<= );>? BCDE F GHIJK LMN O. ) )PQRS6 T U!"# V WX Y V 789 G7 WZ[ Y \E]^_ 7
![!#$%&'!#$%&' ($!(#)*+,-$!./)0 1 $!.) $!23) 45$!#6!#789% & 8:; ); );<= );>? BCDE F GHIJK LMN O. ) )PQRS6 T U!# V WX Y V 789 G7 WZ[ Y \E]^_ 7](/thumbs/98/138236014.jpg "!#$%&'!#$%&' ($!(#)*+,-$!./)0 1 $!.) $!23) 45$!#6!#789% & 8:; ); );<= );>? BCDE F GHIJK LMN O. ) )PQRS6 T U!# V WX Y V 789 G7 WZ[ Y \E]^_ 7")
!"#$%&'!"#$%&'($!(#)*+,-$!./)0 1 $!.) $!23) 45$!"#6!"#789% & 8:; ); );? );@A BCDE F GHIJK LMN O. ) )PQRS6 T U!"# V WX Y V 789 G7 WZ[ Y \E]^_ 7 `$ Wa b Y c _ U W Y B W 7 W #6!(# 8 %& WX! " #!"#$%&'()*
!"#$%# &' % ( )*% * )*% )*% * +(% %, -./0!!"#$%&'!" #$ ( )!"#$%&' () *+, -./0 1 $ ' 7689 :; 9 <9 2ABCDE FGH 2CD IJKLM" NO PQRSTU TVWNXY >
!"#$%# &' % ( )*% * )*% )*% * +(% %, -./0!!"#$%&'!" #$ ( )!"#$%&' () *+, -./0 1 $.2 3456 ' 7689 :; 9 ?@ 2ABCDEFGH 2CD IJKLM" NO PQRSTU TVWNXY >Z[B \ ]^_ ` aba "c *+, Z[B $-./0"# 1$ 0 % % % 89:; &'
!"#$ %&' (")*+,-./" ' 01 0!" #$%&' $ () *+,-./ :& ; 3 #$ %& ' $ <=56>7 ()? CDE B 6 2FG-() 2HIJ!"#$%&'! () *+!,-./ !678 9 :;
!"#$ %&' (")*+,-./" ' 01 0!" #$%&' $ () *+,-./ 01 2 345678 9:& ; 3 #$ %& ' $ 7 ()? *+@AB* CDE B 6 2FG-() 2HIJ!"#$%&'! () *+!,-./01 2345!678 9 :; ' 2 3456789 !?@AB 1CDE F G H I J! 8 = > 9 K L 8
()*+,-. 01 ( 2 / / (:58; A B0((1C - D E D B FGHIJK % L?BMNO<=E)* I; P Q M RSC- 0,,,0 + 0 ( + TUVWXY X ; 4567 M Z[8"\)* M T U P Q ] ^_
![()*+,-. 01 ( 2 / / (:58; A B0((1C - D E D B FGHIJK % L?BMNO<=E)* I; P Q M RSC- 0,,,0 + 0 ( + TUVWXY X ; 4567 M Z[8\)* M T U P Q ] ^_](/thumbs/99/141555539.jpg "()*+,-. 01 ( 2 / / (:58; A B0((1C - D E D B FGHIJK % L?BMNO<=E)* I; P Q M RSC- 0,,,0 + 0 ( + TUVWXY X ; 4567 M Z[8\)* M T U P Q ] ^_")
()*+,-. 01 ( 2 / /03456789(:58; 8)? @ A B0((1C - D E D B FGHIJK % L?BMNO
.<=->./?-> 0 A " #($" $' $ "./ F / % 6789 G HIJKLMNO 2 #$ ab]^[ #$ P 6 c_`ab b ]^FG&H+ IJ K LMNO P$QR SU^I T T+ UV? cwxky N ` ]^ Z[\]^ _
![.<=->./?-> 0 A #($ $' $ ./ F / % 6789 G HIJKLMNO 2 #$ ab]^[ #$ P 6 c_`ab b ]^FG&H+ IJ K LMNO P$QR SU^I T T+ UV? cwxky N ` ]^ Z[\]^ _](/thumbs/94/118621653.jpg ".<=->./?-> 0 A #($ $' $ ./ F / % 6789 G HIJKLMNO 2 #$ ab]^[ #$ P 6 c_`ab b ]^FG&H+ IJ K LMNO P$QR SU^I T T+ UV? cwxky N ` ]^ Z[\]^ _")
F / % 6789 G HIJKLMNO 2 #$ ab]^[ #$ P 6 c_`ab b ]^FG&H+ IJ K LMNO P$QR SU^I T T+ UV? cwxky N ` ]^ Z[\]^ _` a/r c9 bc ) &HSU]^ IJ S P. ) # P IJ c _`ab]^ ]^ +c T N _`ab]^ \(c a cg QRS _`ab ]^ + ^I )T U/
%!! 8 9 : ;!!!"#$%&' ()*+,-./ # " < " & U / & U!"# $%&' ()*+, -. $/ # 89 :; 23 <. A B C D E < :;. 'FGHIJKLMNO 4 PJQRSLT JE 4UVW XY 4
%!! 8 9 : ;!!!"#$%&' ()*+,-./ # " < " & U / & U!"# $%&' ()*+, -. $/ 01 23453673# 89 :; 23 ?@ A B C D E < :;. 'FGHIJKLMNO 4 PJQRSLT JE 4UVW XY 4 Z[\]^ _` abe 6=>c2 E
CMYK!"#$%&' ()* +, -./01./ 1 2(345& :;!"#$%&./ 1 < -. / 0 1! " # $ % & C D E A ( - C D F./ 1GH IJ45&67 KL(./ 1 M N OL ( / - P$- Q./ 1 RS
!"#$%&'()* +, -./01./ 1 2(345&6 7 89 :;!"#$%&./ 1 < =>?@AB( -. / 0 1! " # $ % & C D E A ( - C D F./ 1GH IJ45&67 KL(./ 1 M N OL ( / - P$- Q./ 1 RST AUVW(XEY "#$%&./ 1 Z[\ < P - ]( -^_` ^,^a/./ 1 Tb c OL
/ +)* ; ; ) / )/ 0! 1H>!! "#$ % & ' % $ (!"#$%&' )( ()*&'+, (! " # $ %!& ' ( ' ' ( # )! * ( )! )( ' ' * +,-! -. $ ('! " # $ %!& ' ( */ +/ *//! "# $ %&
/ +)* ; ; ) / )/ 0! 1H>!! "#$ % & ' % $ (!"#$%&' )( ()*&'+, (! " # $ %!& ' ( ' ' ( # )! * ( )! )( ' ' * +,-! -. $ ('! " # $ %!& ' ( */ +/ *//! "# $ %&' &# ( ) *+, ) -. -) + / 01 + +- + & ' '!.,% -. /&
! " # $% % & ' ( & ) * & ' )(&
) 64 7.D.,. 0 6 64 5 8 C!) )!"#$!"#$%&' )( %& 234567 89:; * (+,-. * ),-. /?*,/ 0 @AB7CD E6 1 AB7C*,/ 0/1 FGHI%JKL MN O PQR SKT*, UVWXY 0 1 *,/ 0 ZS[X AB7C PQR\PQO8]^ _`abca 0 1 Q E ]^ * B7C P QR [ E
)& J, + 2? - (4 2 =1 )& 216 6)6!"#$%& '!"#$%& ' & '!"#$%&' '%% # ()*(+,-' %./01,#23 % ( :./0 :; 78 F G2H
)& 6 6 6 J, + 2? (5@2 - (4 2(@ 2 +7?%@ =1 )& 216 6)6!"#$%& '!"#$%& ' & '!"#$%&' '%% # ()*(+,-' %./01,#23 % ( 45 16789:./0 :; 78 ?@=A,BCDE F ) @ G2HIJKL MNO # 78 P # MBQ R8 PS 78TU G2 HVWXNO Y "1 78
CMYK!"#$%&'! ( )*+,-./01! )*789 :;' " ABCDE0 6 )*+,- FGH 6 )*+,-I J KL M6NO > PQ!RS?TU )*+,-VW RSXGY P 6 )*+, P Z[\?TU]^_ `Rab`6 $ $ )*
![CMYK!#$%&'! ( )*+,-./01! )*789 :;' ABCDE0 6 )*+,- FGH 6 )*+,-I J KL M6NO > PQ!RS?TU )*+,-VW RSXGY P 6 )*+, P Z[\?TU]^_ `Rab`6 $ $ )*](/thumbs/97/131899428.jpg "CMYK!#$%&'! ( )*+,-./01! )*789 :;' ABCDE0 6 )*+,- FGH 6 )*+,-I J KL M6NO > PQ!RS?TU )*+,-VW RSXGY P 6 )*+, P Z[\?TU]^_ `Rab`6 $ $ )*")
!"#$%&'! ( )*+,-./01! 23 4 56 )*789 :;' ? @ " ABCDE0 6 )*+,- FGH 6 )*+,-I J KL M6NO > PQ!RS?TU )*+,-VW RSXGY P 6 )*+, P Z[\?TU]^_ `Rab`6 $ $ )*+,c!k Q6?TU )*+,I1 > )*+,-,,!"#$% &'! ( )*)+,&' -.! /0
!"#$%&'!"#$%&' () *+,-./ : ; /0 7 < = FG-C, FHIJ!KLMN-O ) P =QRSTU VW 6XY Z[\ < =] F F^ _`ab a ) V 4 = < 5-[ =>
![!#$%&'!#$%&' () *+,-./ : ; /0 7 < = FG-C, FHIJ!KLMN-O ) P =QRSTU VW 6XY Z[\ < =] F F^ _`ab a ) V 4 = < 5-[ =>](/thumbs/96/127817587.jpg "!#$%&'!#$%&' () *+,-./ : ; /0 7 < = FG-C, FHIJ!KLMN-O ) P =QRSTU VW 6XY Z[\ < =] F F^ _`ab a ) V 4 = < 5-[ =>")
!"#$%&'!"#$%&' () *+,-./0123456789: ; /0 7 < = >?@AB6C,DE89 FG-C, FHIJ!KLMN-O )P =QRSTU VW 6XY Z[\ < =] F F^ _`ab a QRSc @ ^@ ) \ @a V 4 = < 5-[ => & W = -[ < = @ > @
!"#$ # % &'# #% # # ( )*+,-.-% /.0! 1!"#$%&' ()*+,-./% "67 8&9:;! )* DE FGHIJ/KLKMNO KM * K 9 PQR4STUVKNWX4N%&Y N )* Z[ \]B^_`ab
![!#$ # % &'# #% # # ( )*+,-.-% /.0! 1!#$%&' ()*+,-./% 67 8&9:;! )* DE FGHIJ/KLKMNO KM * K 9 PQR4STUVKNWX4N%&Y N )* Z[ \]B^_`ab](/thumbs/101/148808262.jpg "!#$ # % &'# #% # # ( )*+,-.-% /.0! 1!#$%&' ()*+,-./% 67 8&9:;! )* DE FGHIJ/KLKMNO KM * K 9 PQR4STUVKNWX4N%&Y N )* Z[ \]B^_`ab")
!"#$ # % &'# #% # # ( )*+,-.-% /.0! 1=>?@ 1!"#$%&' ()*+,-./%01 2345 "67 8&9:;! )* ?@ABC DE FGHIJ/KLKMNO KM * K 9 PQR4STUVKNWX4N%&Y N )* Z[ \]B^_`abNc LGH M QR4S!"#$%!&' "!ABC$%&' DE C /0 1 FGHIJ CKLM
CMYK ()*+,-./01 "!"#$%&' "!"#$%&' ()*+,-./ :; ABCD4E B6 7% F ; E GH I JK45LBMNO PQ RS >TUV JK; WPB X Y >7 RZ [ TUV \]A^_` a 8Wb
![CMYK ()*+,-./01 !#$%&' !#$%&' ()*+,-./ :; ABCD4E B6 7% F ; E GH I JK45LBMNO PQ RS >TUV JK; WPB X Y >7 RZ [ TUV \]A^_` a 8Wb](/thumbs/94/118348104.jpg "CMYK ()*+,-./01 !#$%&' !#$%&' ()*+,-./ :; ABCD4E B6 7% F ; E GH I JK45LBMNO PQ RS >TUV JK; WPB X Y >7 RZ [ TUV \]A^_` a 8Wb")
()*+,-./01 "!"#$%&' "!"#$%&' ()*+,-./01 23456 789:; ?@ ABCD4E B6 7% F ; E GH I JK45LBMNO PQ RS >TUV JK; WPB X Y >7 RZ [ TUV \]A^_` a 8Wb c. @ ` W < J 4 () +G W a B L 7% F 4 a H 7%B 4 `B "#$' a ' > `B
!" #! $%&' $ &!!$ :;!"# $ %& ' ( )* %+,-./0 1 +( :; :, ( BC+=D E -./0% : > / F-.FG91"# H F IH F+J K L M N O + F+PQ"# RS*T"U VW6
!" #! $%&' $ &!!$ :;!"# $ %& ' ( )* %+,-./0 1 +( 234 56 2789 :; :, ,?@6A ( BC+=D E -./0% : > / F-.FG91"# H F IH F+J K L M N O + F+PQ"# RS*T"U VW6 &+ F XY * ZL[ \ 6]M^ F _,`ab bc :&+ FX FY F c = ] F
!"#$%&' % ( )* +,-!./0 1 % : ; < A+ 89 BCD.! )*E F GHIJ EK7LMNO PQRSTUVW89 56./0: Z[0 Z\]Y ^_`!abcn 7 E YQ "!EK GH < 8 0 0A`! 5
![!#$%&' % ( )* +,-!./0 1 % : ; < A+ 89 BCD.! )*E F GHIJ EK7LMNO PQRSTUVW89 56./0: Z[0 Z\]Y ^_`!abcn 7 E YQ !EK GH < 8 0 0A`! 5](/thumbs/104/163008604.jpg "!#$%&' % ( )* +,-!./0 1 % : ; < A+ 89 BCD.! )*E F GHIJ EK7LMNO PQRSTUVW89 56./0: Z[0 Z\]Y ^_`!abcn 7 E YQ !EK GH < 8 0 0A`! 5")
!"#$%&' % ( )* +,-!./0 1 % +234 56789 : ; < =>?@ A+ 89 BCD.! )*E F GHIJ EK7LMNO PQRSTUVW89 0XY+ @ 56./0: Z[0 Z\]Y ^_`!abcn 7 E YQ "!EK GH < 8 0 0A`! 5!! 5 E N ANO 5 " 2 1 ` Z\Y!! E 5!"F #$ (%&' ( ) ( #"
!"#$ % &'# $& &# # && () *+(+ + (!"#$%&!"#$%&' ()*+,!"#$%&' *+, () *+,-./01 (( ' -./ :;, -./ < "! $ "! 9 $ "! F $
!"#$ % &'# $& &# # && () *+(+ + (!"#$%&!"#$%&' ()*+,!"#$%&' *+, () *+,-./01 (( ' -./01 2345067289:;, -./01-0-- 0 < = >? @0ABCDE @$ "! $ "! 9 $ "! F $ "! 0 < = G H 9 I J KLMNO < PQRC - / 1 / /$!9 /$! 0
!"#$%&' () *+, -./01 " 2%& %&9: ; : A: BCD E ;0%&; " FGHI9 0 8 JKL MN;O 1 BG4 PQRS F TUVG4WHXY P P P Z[P0\] P^_ G`abc 2 1 B %& \];* *+ J
![!#$%&' () *+, -./01 2%& %&9: ; : A: BCD E ;0%&; FGHI9 0 8 JKL MN;O 1 BG4 PQRS F TUVG4WHXY P P P Z[P0\] P^_ G`abc 2 1 B %& \];* *+ J](/thumbs/97/134158537.jpg "!#$%&' () *+, -./01 2%& %&9: ; : A: BCD E ;0%&; FGHI9 0 8 JKL MN;O 1 BG4 PQRS F TUVG4WHXY P P P Z[P0\] P^_ G`abc 2 1 B %& \];* *+ J")
!"#$%&'() *+, -./01 " 2%&34567. 8 %&9: ; : ?@ A: BCD E ;0%&; " FGHI9 0 8 JKL MN;O 1 BG4 PQRS F TUVG4WHXY P PP Z[P0\] P^_ G`abc 2 1 B%& \];* *+ J\]; 9 H \]; $ @ 6;! " + #$ %&#'!"#$ % ( )* +, - - +./,,
!"#$ %#"&' &&#""" '!&!"#$&" &"# &!"#$%&' (&!"#$' (") (# * )*+,- (. /)* *$ """'!8 94:;!$% 94 FGHI JK&' L; M K NO O >CDE ; PQR$%
!"#$ %#"&' &&#""" '!&!"#$&" &"# &!"#$%&' (&!"#$' (") (# * )*+,- (. /)*+01 234567*$ """'!8 94:;!$% 94 $?' @AB>CDE FGHI JK&' L; M K NO O >CDE ; PQR$%STUV RWXY $% Z[\U]^_ `aqb# c ' >CDE ' @ AB c M K '
M& ( " A;P M ' ">? Z>? :JZ>? "UVM >? " ; = ;FY O " & M >? [S A\ A E D, 8 "V* >? " # ) "V* >? " 678>? ( 9/ I JK 4? 9RS/ > " " P &' ` &
9 789 45M&(" A;P M ' ">? Z>?:JZ>?"UVM >?" ; > @, = ;FYO" & M >? [SA\ )@ A ED, 8 "V* >?" # ) "V* >?" 678>?( 9/ IJK 4? 9RS/> " " P &' ` & > " P &' ) G 9 + :;J K : H 34I!JK Y 4 \ < 3b 2 I \ $GH ( 9 9"3?F
! " ! % # $ $ % & ' ( ) * +, -.
/01234567 89 :; < =>?@A B0 CD E89 >: 1F /GHIJKL>? M5NO PQ /01 IJNO /0 1 2 3456789:; ?@ABCDE6FGHI JK L MNOI FGP0Q RSTUV WXFGY I TP Z[\]^_` ab c A C\ c Z C\P ZC G? G? ;^ I BC0I AIDH_ 0 I [c I I 7I M0
() () *+, )# -"#),." ) / ()0)1,+0. ),." "./+0" ("0+ 0"/ 1. * )1,+0.) "0."1",0"#! "# $% &' $ && # %!"#$%&' ' ' ()* +,-./ :; 5 <9:; = $A$
() () *+, )# -"#),." ) / ()0)1,+0. ),." "./+0" ("0+ 0"/ 1. * )1,+0.) "0."1",0"#! "# $% &'$ && # %!"#$%&' ' '()* +,-./01 23456789:; 5 ?2@ $A$BCDE FG H IJ>#KLMN=OPQRS:;TU: ; TUV -. %.#! " #! $% &'
#$%&"!' ()*+$,% -$)%.)/ 01! *0,,2* %2, 40,-7 $$$
M NM O *+ 62-3B6 8 -C 6-B7 6 * *+5 2 B9 A: 6:!"#$% '!"#$%' ()* +,-. $/0(1()*$ +,!' + -.+ -/ (* +,!' + - / +,!'0!" $(1 234.56789: $(1 ;. *; ' +,!' 1 $% )# ?@ABCDE!6 9: $(1 FGH IJ!" $/0(1 IJKL
!"# $%& ' ()*+,-.(/01 234!" :,; 1 <= E - FG 2 HI JK LIMN!"O 78!" MNO 6 F PQRSTUVWPXY HZ[\]^_ `afbbc H S V Y FG9 9
![!# $%& ' ()*+,-.(/01 234! :,; 1 <= E - FG 2 HI JK LIMN!O 78! MNO 6 F PQRSTUVWPXY HZ[\]^_ `afbbc H S V Y FG9 9](/thumbs/94/118576155.jpg "!# $%& ' ()*+,-.(/01 234! :,; 1 <= E - FG 2 HI JK LIMN!O 78! MNO 6 F PQRSTUVWPXY HZ[\]^_ `afbbc H S V Y FG9 9")
!"# $%& ' ()*+,-.(/01 234!"5 6 789:,; 1 ,?@ABCDB E - FG 2 HI JK LIMN!"O 78!" ?@ABCDE FG%HIJKL@ MNO 6 F PQRSTUVWPXY HZ[\]^_ `afbbc H S V Y FG9 9 :!"# $ %&' % F U F H F >F CH E F B 6O B B F H H G
$%& #&( )#*&+(#,- ". 0*.1& "- +(.2*%* /"0012#,#&( #2 3#(452 65,1+& 7&(&+*& $4528# 9+"*#2 &
!!"#$! "#$% &% " $ ( ) "##!!"##$%& ()!(%* &+*#,$-$*.+/!"#!$%& ()*+,-./!"" FGH,-IJKLM NO! #&##$" 0! 1! PQRIJASTU VW 9?/236 XYZ[\! # F3>GA14 [\! ] F0?4414;73=4=2 ^_ [\ "H 93=@1. abz[\ # $ ] -@?/?@1 abz[\
! " #$% & '! " # ( ) ; 678 )* <=>! 2? *+ 1 (%!" # $ % & '!# & ' ' *+! "#$ $%! $& " $ ' ' ($ $. #$ $ #. $ " # 2 # $ " $ / " $ #. $ $ -.. / -/. $ -.. #.
! " #$% & '! " # ( ) ; 678 )* ! 2? *+ 1 (%!" # $ % & '!# & ' ' *+! "#$ $%! $& " $ ' ' ($ $. #$ $ #. $ " # 2 # $ " $ / " $ #. $ $ -.. / -/. $ -.. #. # $ " $ #. 3. $ $ $ -.. " #$.$ # )#& $ # # # " - $..!"#$%&'
chinaxiv: v1
ARID LAND GEOGRAPHY doi:10.12118/j.isn.1000-6060.2018.06.25!"#$% 1, (, 230601) :!,"# 12$%&', $()*+,-./0,1 2016 234567,89 3:() ; +,, 12$%& +, :?@ABCDE E FGH%I ;J 12$%&KLMNO' 1M 2M 3M; & %I P%I FQR%I
- :!" # $%&' &() : & *+, &( -. % /0 ( 1 $+ #2 ( #2 ) !( # ;<= &( ) >- % ( &( $+ #&( #2 A &? -4
- :!" # $%&' &() : 1. 8 -& *+, &( -. % /0 ( 1 $+ #2 ( #2 ) 3 45 167-1.!( # ;- % ( &(- 17 #(?!@- 167 1 $+ &( #&( #2 A &? -2.!"7 # ;- % #&( #2 A &? -3.!( # ;
: ; : # $!" # $%& $ ' #!#!"#$%&' ( )*+,-./ :; ABCDE FGHIJ KL :; MN O1 > P>OQ< R ST U VW XY ; < 23ZY[\]^ _`ab+c U ' #!# " $N
![: ; : # $! # $%& $ ' #!#!#$%&' ( )*+,-./ :; ABCDE FGHIJ KL :; MN O1 > P>OQ< R ST U VW XY ; < 23ZY[\]^ _`ab+c U ' #!# $N](/thumbs/94/119021020.jpg ": ; : # $! # $%& $ ' #!#!#$%&' ( )*+,-./ :; ABCDE FGHIJ KL :; MN O1 > P>OQ< R ST U VW XY ; < 23ZY[\]^ _`ab+c U ' #!# $N")
: ; : # $!"# $%& $ '#!#!"#$%&' ()*+,-./01234567897:;?@ ABCDEFGHIJKL34567897:;MNO1 >P>OQ< RSTUVWXY;< 23ZY[\]^ _`ab+cu'#!# "$N;M 3Z5;1NMEU>XQU U1 EMU5L.M ()*$ $ (23Z +,-.$' /01$ /.$0! '$(! # /2$!"#"$%#&
78ABCDEFXYKN ;<!7=Z[.\! )] ^_`Ha.!"#]^bc.deQ &#N ;<!7=f *#g. BCnDhN_` $;/!;COP.%;CEF0R) &"N ;<!7=f *"Nhij[.
![78ABCDEFXYKN ;<!7=Z[.\! )] ^_`Ha.!#]^bc.deQ &#N ;<!7=f *#g. BCnDhN_` $;/!;COP.%;CEF0R) &N ;<!7=f *Nhij[.](/thumbs/97/133387078.jpg "78ABCDEFXYKN ;<!7=Z[.\! )] ^_`Ha.!#]^bc.deQ &#N ;<!7=f *#g. BCnDhN_` $;/!;COP.%;CEF0R) &N ;<!7=f *Nhij[.")
$& $ ' &' ( $ & ' ( +,-./012345678999 9 9$9&9'999:;, 06?ABCDE78:;1 F0G89(: HIJKL,L((;(,L+,+-./0L1 +,-$.$/' 0(1 23456789 :8;9?AB /CDE?F GHE?IJ5KLMN:O55 15LM ( 2 ' J$&' ' &'J(+,-./ 01 F ' (1 (=?
234!"#$%& '!"# $%&%' ()*+,-./01 2 3' :; -. <= 7>?9:; D - F GH,2 I JKLM: 5 NO < - F P Q!",RSTCUV '4WX 3Y=- # Q!" ' <Z[\] ^_ ` $ abwc
![234!#$%& '!# $%&%' ()*+,-./01 2 3' :; -. <= 7>?9:; D - F GH,2 I JKLM: 5 NO < - F P Q!,RSTCUV '4WX 3Y=- # Q! ' <Z[\] ^_ ` $ abwc](/thumbs/100/146553106.jpg "234!#$%& '!# $%&%' ()*+,-./01 2 3' :; -. <= 7>?9:; D - F GH,2 I JKLM: 5 NO < - F P Q!,RSTCUV '4WX 3Y=- # Q! ' <Z[\] ^_ ` $ abwc")
234!"#$%& '!"#$%&%' ()*+,-./01 23'456789:;-. ?9:;
Rozdział 1. Nazwa i adres Zamawiającego Gdyński Ośrodek Sportu i Rekreacji jednostka budżetowa Rozdział 2.
Z n a k s p r a w y G O S I R D Z P I 2 7 1 03 3 2 0 1 4 S P E C Y F I K A C J A I S T O T N Y C H W A R U N K Ó W Z A M Ó W I E N I A f U d o s t p n i e n i e t e l e b i m ó w i n a g ł o n i e n i
! " # $ % & !7 " % !# þ N #" (## V m s T õ M V $% NsTö 99 ' !" ( r Q } A f) Bïìø & Í W ù ú ² û ü ý ä x&g k. >þ'ÿ!"q # ä x&$ ³!' ü N L$$<<&!
! " )* -/1 $ ? $@ABC DE < " 89 %& FGH457 1 ICJKL MNO9 PQR ST%& K UVWL MNO9X 1 I STY 9 N *X 1 I Z[U\]^ 5 N * _` 9ab *VWUc L MNO9X 1 I H ST" _ O9 1 I! X 1 I X ST V 1 7 %& J 9 L MNO9 1 I 3 P 8 $ H L
!"#$%& & (" )(*+$ ", -./.0 $ 1% (2 3%" $78+ " 9+"18 27,.$ )(*+$ ", :+&1
CD B?@JK&LM-.N OPQ>RS2TU YFGZ[>\]Z^K-._ +,-./0abE^K-.4FGcd6efM5 69:-;>ghi9:jk& Nlmn oz[\]z4p6efmqcd6frstu456vwmxyzz{=u
Suodattimet PUSSISUODATIN ALTECH GX EPM10 60PROS. 287X592X525/3 PUSSISUODATIN ALTECH GX EPM10 60PROS. 592X287X360/6
Suodattimet Tuote LVI-numero Pikakoodi 7754400 OK08 GX EPM10 60PROS. 287X592X360/3 GX EPM10 60PROS. 287X592X525/3 GX EPM10 60PROS. 592X287X360/6 GX EPM10 60PROS. 592X287X525/6 GX EPM10 60PROS. 592X592X360/6
&' & &"& C " # ()*+ +,+ -./&'/ 01&"&!" #!"#$%&' ()* +,-./01 23 / 01 *$%&' :;- </01 => :; AB :;CDE / * F +,*$%&'456
&' & &"& C " # ()*++,+-./&'/ 01&"&!" #!"#$%&'()* +,-./01 23 / 01*$%&'456789 :;- 4678 9 :;?@ :; AB :;CDE/0 1789- :;?@,*F 1GH?@ +,*$%&'456789 :;- I < +,?@46789 :;?@ :; ABJ +,KLA789 - :;?@,MN :; AB,GH
! " # $ %& '&.!"#$%&' ()*+,-./! "## $ %& ' ()*+,-./ !7"##7$7%&7' 7 89 (:;4 )* <= ()*+,-./ AB6 8 CDE ( # &"!(
.!"#$%' ()*+,-./! "## $ % ' ()*+,-./01.1234.5677 777!7"##7$7%7'789 (:;4)*?@+.6218AB68 CDE(#"!()*+",-.. 01!"#$%'()*+,-./ *+,-234. 5 6(789:; ?@AB
8 =<?? <8<=28<< )!! " (!"# $"% &' ()*+,! "#$ $ "%& #%$! ' &$ ()*+,-.-$ */01$)( / $ *1$) + 1 $ *$ )!2 3 *)1)*.$!"#$%&'! " "#$!%& "%# ' '!!' $!%&! " 2 #
8 =
()!"#$% $% & '! " "#! &! '
()!"#$% $% & '! " "#! &! ' !" #$!"%&' (!" )*$!"%&' +,-".!" )*$!"%&' /01!" )*$!"%&' +,!" )*$!" 2%&' 3456 789!" )*$!"%&' 89:;1!" )*$!"%&' :;1 1 ?@5#AB 1
! " #$% &!' ' %&' ()*+,-.!"#$! "#$%&' (& )* +,-./0!/ $ ( ($)* ' # +,-/'.( ' ' / '0 0''' /0 1 () * +, 12 %&' *9:; < => B2 ()* +, C D < E 1
% ()*+,-.!"#$! "#$%()* +,-./0!/$(($)*# +,-/.(/00 /01()*+, 12 % 134578*9:;?@A B2()*+, C D
&' NO )* 232 > G)*+W G)*+W P8 ; 7 G^) P) # c! ^ P)!! 8 X"# -&!. $! 6 P) %.GH8 &T! 6 ' P) )<; <NL D GH O V _!! ^ ) N V 9 ( X"# c^ )* 6 P) /'] ) +
![&' NO )* 232 > G)*+W G)*+W P8 ; 7 G^) P) # c! ^ P)!! 8 X# -&!. $! 6 P) %.GH8 &T! 6 ' P) )<; <NL D GH O V _!! ^ ) N V 9 ( X# c^ )* 6 P) /'] ) +](/thumbs/101/149254385.jpg "&' NO )* 232 > G)*+W G)*+W P8 ; 7 G^) P) # c! ^ P)!! 8 X# -&!. $! 6 P) %.GH8 &T! 6 ' P) )<; <NL D GH O V _!! ^ ) N V 9 ( X# c^ )* 6 P) /'] ) +")
)* 232 > G)*+W G)*+W P8 ; 7 G^) P) # c! ^ P)!! 8 X"# -&!. $! 6 P) %.GH8 &T! 6 ' P) )
!"# # $ % $%&. ( ") )"
!"#$%!&'!"#$#($)*%! +!"# $%& ' %1"$."!!"##$% 23"$."'(4$!.$)53"$!"#$%!%% &'"!"$!"###$&!# -$!!"5$%5!#(()!$!&)5$% 5$%#!5 -(#&!#$$)#51&1!&-.%$/5&$&!)&#$%$!-("($##$(5(#51&1*$#$0%6- $%#$!#0$)! $##$!!! (*#$%$#$%%($#%!1)!
CMYK!"#$ %& ' ()*+,-./ / 6789: ;.+ 7 <"= >? DE :.+,- 7 FGHIJIK1L M NO!PQRSTU VNO+,-WXY M IJIK1LV G"+,- Z [O"\] ^ _`!abc^ VNO +,- 0
![CMYK!#$ %& ' ()*+,-./ / 6789: ;.+ 7 <= >? DE :.+,- 7 FGHIJIK1L M NO!PQRSTU VNO+,-WXY M IJIK1LV G+,- Z [O\] ^ _`!abc^ VNO +,- 0](/thumbs/94/121022846.jpg "CMYK!#$ %& ' ()*+,-./ / 6789: ;.+ 7 <= >? DE :.+,- 7 FGHIJIK1L M NO!PQRSTU VNO+,-WXY M IJIK1LV G+,- Z [O\] ^ _`!abc^ VNO +,- 0")
!"#$ %& ' ()*+,-./0 1 0 1 23045/ 6789: ;.+ 7
: : !", #$%&' ( 200)*+% 2009,-./01, (ElinorOstrom) 234 &567%&'$ 89:; 9 <= E FG,HIJ [ (!"# ) $ %&', () *+]:,-)./01 ),23./ )89:;,
![: : !, #$%&' ( 200)*+% 2009,-./01, (ElinorOstrom) 234 &567%&'$ 89:; 9 <= E FG,HIJ [ (!# ) $ %&', () *+]:,-)./01 ),23./ )89:;,](/thumbs/94/119051921.jpg ": : !, #$%&' ( 200)*+% 2009,-./01, (ElinorOstrom) 234 &567%&'$ 89:; 9 <= E FG,HIJ [ (!# ) $ %&', () *+]:,-)./01 ),23./ )89:;,")
: :2011 5 6!", #$%&' ( 200)*+% 2009,-./01, (ElinorOstrom) 234 &567%&'$ 89:; 9 ? @ABC+D E FG,HIJ [ (!"# ) $ %&', () *+]:,-)./01 ),23./01 4567)89:;, 9:; ( ; ( 9, ?@AB) (C: DE ), FGHIJ KL (,M923 )
! "#$%!&'!"#$%&'!" # $%&'!" ()*+,-!"./ :; </0= 2 < /0=1F,%&GHIJKL (+M2 < F, X V?RSW7AB2Y, ZF,
! "#$%!&'!"#$%&'!" # $%&'!" ()*+,-!"./011 2 3456789:; ?@AB9:CDE 2 < /0=1F,%&GHIJKL (+M2 < N>?@+O F, /0=1>?@9:PQAB2RSTU2V?RSW7 X V?RSW7AB2Y, ZF,, [ ?@9:C D F,PQ \]^ F, _`9:ab8c ()
! " # $%%&!"# $%&' ()*+,-./0 ()* /567 89:; 9 /:; <= ABC+DE ( (1 & %%% ' F<G HIJ+K LM (1 +#NO O. POQRSTUV+ LMWXT (1 Y O 1 91 LM Z[\] ^+_`ab
![! # $%%&!# $%&' ()*+,-./0 ()* /567 89:; 9 /:; <= ABC+DE ( (1 & %%% ' F<G HIJ+K LM (1 +#NO O. POQRSTUV+ LMWXT (1 Y O 1 91 LM Z[\] ^+_`ab](/thumbs/97/131964567.jpg "! # $%%&!# $%&' ()*+,-./0 ()* /567 89:; 9 /:; <= ABC+DE ( (1 & %%% ' F<G HIJ+K LM (1 +#NO O. POQRSTUV+ LMWXT (1 Y O 1 91 LM Z[\] ^+_`ab")
$%%& "#$%&' ()*+,-./0()*1 + 21 34/56789:; 9/:; ?@ ABC+DE ( (1 & %%% ' F
BI< ¾BIèéåê A, I BI< ¾ BI V W ¼ AWE. ¾BI ë 1 ' A+ KI< ¾BI ' 1 ÙÏf ÚÛ Ü õi ¹ Ý /. â I. +I%ñª" «òóh>?n /5 c ô5 3E3. y fg " }~ IªúA*!
!"#$%& 以第 % 届 会议为视角 ' ( )*+,&''&D ( 7% & ' F # $ 1 G J K L % M&''& 1NO N 1PQR STUV WX-!-./Y 7 Z [\] ^_M`abc? P 1 (#?S ( # N - 01 ( F 2 7 $ 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7? F( N 2 7 7 7! 7 $ - Y$# 1 ^ ( - 2 89 &''& 678
>!"#$ % & ' "! ()* $ +*( #", -. #$ -. ". - +/! 0$1 U<> A $ ()*+! $!"#$%&' #$()*+,-. / (78-+9:; ( %.#<= / ABC D / /9G. H IJKLMN
>!"#$ % & ' "!()* $ +*( #", -. #$ -. ". - +/! 0$1 U A $ ()*+! $!"#$%&' #$()*+,-. /01 2345 6(78-+9:; ( %.#?@3 / ABC D E! @3 /F @3 /9G. H IJKLMN O :/ PQ+@3 /RST U V@W XY9J KLO ' 9Z M N />[\]^_` aq+b3
çl! ±p! % =: c =+'! j 9 #:'G!l 2
; )! " #$ % "!! & ' & &!"#$%& ' &! "# $ ' & %! "# & & " "# %! "# $ ' ( '( ( ( &!"#$%&"%&" $& "%$"%%'% $$% &" ' & % % & % &"( )& ++ -. 0) &"$& # ( #) % +!!+( - %. + + 0 ) - ( %! (!! &( +0! (!! + (+ -! %!!
+1 + D ! " "#$%&%+,! !"#$ - $. /!% 01/ & 2 !"!"##"$%#$"&"#%"'(#&")*#'"+,#("-, !"-: ##" A#
; ; '!"# * +!"#$%&'%&'" ()'*+,-./01$234567%&89:; 4" ?'@A'B@'C@DE
( ( (=6) *6() )! "#$%&'! "#$ % &'"#!! "#$ $ "#! (()!"#$%& (() (()! " # $ (() % &' #! " # $ (()! " # $ (() ( ( ( ( ( *! "#$%&$#' () * + +,-. /
(((6(*=@ ( ( (=6) *6()! "#$%&'! "#$ % &'"#!! "#$ $ "#! (()!"#$%& (() (()! " # $ (() % &' #! " # $ (()! " # $ (() ( ( ( ( ( *! "#$%&$#' () * + +,-. / ( 0!1.(, () '(,,., # $ & & % "2, +,-. /, 01 +/, - -0
! "#$%&'! "# &' ( )*+,-. "#!! "/ :;/ ##$. 45 F45GH,! I#JKILMNO!PQ RST UV:WX)*+,Y PZJ[ -\IL]^_)* <`abc PZ QWX 2E _ a _ c a
![! #$%&'! # &' ( )*+,-. #!! / :;/ ##$. 45 F45GH,! I#JKILMNO!PQ RST UV:WX)*+,Y PZJ[ -\IL]^_)* <`abc PZ QWX 2E _ a _ c a](/thumbs/101/152033182.jpg "! #$%&'! # &' ( )*+,-. #!! / :;/ ##$. 45 F45GH,! I#JKILMNO!PQ RST UV:WX)*+,Y PZJ[ -\IL]^_)* <`abc PZ QWX 2E _ a _ c a")
! "#$%&'! "# &' ( )*+,-. "#!! "/01 2345 56789:;/ ##$. 45 ?'&@ABCDE, F45GH,! I#JKILMNO!PQ RST UV:WX)*+,Y PZJ[ -\IL]^_)*
! " % % # % " % + # & "! ! & %" & ! " % &,
! ;+ 7::4 6 &!!!$%&'!$%& ' ()*+,-./0123456789 :; 3'?@ABCDEF1GHIJ KLMNOE' >PQF1GHIJ+RSSTELUVWGHX(Y Z[\]^_2`a bc(e)*\(f1ghij KLM $% 'EF1GHIJ`c(*E45_ 'SF1GHc(! $% & $ ' ' %&' %&' () '* +,- %./ 0)) 1+)+
!"#$%'%$ '$%%$ '!$% *+,-./0 * +,-./0 * 23!"#$%' *+,-./0$/0 2345679$:;?@ABC -4E FGHIJKLMNOJH 9$?@PQAB4ER PQ4E ST$UV+PWXY*$/0 #9$#-./ /045XZ$J452[\ 456 /0 # 79:; ' < ; /*0/0! " "#$ 222 3 4.5! 65!!!"#$%'%$
WSKAZANIE OBSZARÓW OBJĘTYCH OCHRONĄ ŚCISŁĄ, CZYNNĄ I KRAJOBRAZOWĄ
43 Załącznik nr 4 WSKAZANIE OBSZARÓW OBJĘTYCH OCHRONĄ ŚCISŁĄ, CZYNNĄ I KRAJOBRAZOWĄ Lp. Rodzaj ochrony Lokalizacja 1) Powierzchnia ogółem w ha 1 Ochrona ścisła Oddziały 1b, 1c, 1d, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i, 1j,
O F E R T A H o t e l Z A M E K R Y N * * * * T a m, g d z i e b łł k i t j e z i o r p r z e p l a t a s ił z s o c z y s t z i e l e n i t r a w, a r a d o s n e t r e l e p t a z m i a r o w y m s z
: = 3:=3#333 (#, ",3&3: !"#$%&' ()*+,-./ 01 &' :; : &' 6789 <=> CD! E6789 FGH)I67.JKLMN O O P! EQRSTUVH E67WXCY Y, Z6789P [\ 6789AB ]^_,`abc89 C/F E!89
![!#$%&' ()*+,-./ 01 &' :; : &' 6789 <=> CD! E6789 FGH)I67.JKLMN O O P! EQRSTUVH E67WXCY Y, Z6789P [\ 6789AB ]^_,`abc89 C/F E!89](/thumbs/99/141640454.jpg "!#$%&' ()*+,-./ 01 &' :; : &' 6789 <=> CD! E6789 FGH)I67.JKLMN O O P! EQRSTUVH E67WXCY Y, Z6789P [\ 6789AB ]^_,`abc89 C/F E!89")
!"#$%&' ()*+,-./01 &'234 56789 :; : &'6789 (?@AB CD! E6789FGH)I67.JKLMN O O P! EQRSTUVH E67WXCY Y,Z6789P[\6789AB ]^_,`abc89c/f8989 E!89 E /:;6789ab 6789c!89 ^678 9UMN:; ;89 A M a b I U WX0.J:; `.J
9( 9 9; ;!. $!!%'!" #$%&'!"#$ % & &$ ' " %!"#$%&' () *+,-#$%&'./ (! " # $ % #&'! '!%!! $ ' #% ( ) '!%!! $ ' * % + )!' + ' % &!!! ( )!! %,!' $ - ( ' *
9( 9 9; ;!. $!!%'!" #$%&'!"#$ % & &$ ' "%!"#$%&' () *+,-#$%&'./ (! "# $ % #&'! '!%!! $ ' #% ( ) '!%!! $ ' *% + )!' + ' % &!!! ( )!! %,!' $ - ( ' * * * )*! " "! #$%&'&!### ( # # ) ") *# # # # )# # ( # #
!"#$%&' ()*+,-./01 ' :;451 ' '3 ' ' 1 < => FGHIJKL M < NO PQ8RST UVW 8XY Z[ W F\] ^RS_ UV`abc, K `` ' : F ` 9 W 8 () J L O < 8 '+G
![!#$%&' ()*+,-./01 ' :;451 ' '3 ' ' 1 < => FGHIJKL M < NO PQ8RST UVW 8XY Z[ W F\] ^RS_ UV`abc, K `` ' : F ` 9 W 8 () J L O < 8 '+G](/thumbs/99/143453479.jpg "!#$%&' ()*+,-./01 ' :;451 ' '3 ' ' 1 < => FGHIJKL M < NO PQ8RST UVW 8XY Z[ W F\] ^RS_ UV`abc, K `` ' : F ` 9 W 8 () J L O < 8 '+G")
!"#$%&' ()*+,-./01 ' 2 3 45678.9:;451 ' '3 ' ' 1 < => (?@ABCDE FGHIJKL M < NO PQ8RST UVW 8XY Z[ W F\] ^RS_ UV`abc, K `` ' : F ` 9 W 8 () J L O < 8 '+G 2-.J Q R KPW NO GW 2 X KPW P < Q X KPW 1 67 '6 74567HIP
!"#$%&'! " # $ %!"#$%&' ()*+,-./01! ,:; BC!D<E! E! E! FE!G H 4 < IJ /KLMNO J P8 QR P S3 TU!VW =X!!D<!! F6! "# KYVW 3 4 < = $ %&8 L
#$%&' # $ % #$%&'()*+,-./1 235 678 9,;
Rozdział 1. Nazwa i adres Zamawiającego Gdyńskie Centrum Sportu jednostka budżetowa w Gdyni Rozdział 2. Informacja o trybie i stosowaniu przepisów
Z n a k s p r a w y G C S D Z P I 2 7 1 03 7 2 0 1 5 S P E C Y F I K A C J A I S T O T N Y C H W A R U N K Ó W Z A M Ó W I E N I A W y k o n a n i e r e m o n t u n a o b i e k c i e s p o r t o w y mp
CMYK!"#$!"#$%&' ()*+,-./ :+ ; '4 =E ' + $%& +FGHIJKLMNO*4 1 K+$%& K LMNO*4 1 +$%& (+FGH J PQRS'+ $%& TUS'+$%& (+FGHV WXPY' +
!"#$!"#$%&' ()*+,-./01 23456789:+; '4&?@A+$%&BCD=E'+ $%&+FGHIJKLMNO*4 1K+$%&K LMNO*4 1+$%&(+FGHJPQRS'+ $%&TUS'+$%&(+FGHV WXPY'+V $%&(+FG2Z[\PY']4X^_`abc $%&' ( D D I>!"#$%&' ()*+,-./0 1 ()23/0145&6789:;
!"#$ %&"' " # $ %$()% * + &"!"#$ %&' ()*+,-./01 )#%1"# # ("! "#" $ %"#! &"#'! $!# #2#%1"#3 3 % *4 " )!" #! $ %& ' ' ()*! & & %$ (& ($1" & ( $" ($" ("
!"$%&"'"$%$()%*+&"!"$ %&' ()*+,-./01 )%1"("!""$%"!&"'!$! 2%1"3 3%*4")!"!$%&' ' ()*!&&%$(&($1"&($"($"("1($1"5""')""$%)"*"' %($""&(&%$$($4 $&%$6*&/&)""*"6%"%""$(("$ $"$%'"$)$'"'%($""&(&%$$($01&%$(&%%&1"'($1"5
!"#$%&' $!"#$%&' () *+,
!"# $%&' () *+,!"- ()./%01 () 2 3456 789!"#$%& '% %()*+, -./01123456, 78 9:;+ )*+;(4;?@ 2AB
(a ) ( b ) (a) (b) (c) (d)
! +, "#$% &' # #%#'#(&' %)&%(* & + &'(&#,-!. '!!"#$%&'#$%& %& %&()* +, -. /0123456 789:1; (?@ABC DE1ECAFGHEIJ@KLM@NOE
"###1#': 9&#"# 9#&:#$1& "%1 ' * ' 6 #$%&'!"!!"#$%&'"##$%"! "# $%# & $ ' $! ' ' % "##$%" " &#"#(#'(#% &#"#(#%(#%!"#" $%&' % % & % & ' & % %( )% % %( *
"###1#': 9&#"# 9#&:#$1& "%1 ' #$%&'!"!!"#$%&'"##$%"! "# $%# & $ ' $! ' ' % "##$%" " &#"#(#'(#% &#"#(#%(#%!"#" $%&' % %& % & ' & % %( )% % %( * %+% &, % % -, % )!./!0#1!00 &!!( )!*+!, -.+( +/ 0 )! (( 0-1!+!.+(!
^_`a cdcefghfiicjkflm nogpqars tc uvwax ijyikyce l_za c o{ jk
^_`a cdcefghfiicjkflm nogpqars tc uvwax ijyikyce l_za c o{ jk 0345 738347 5273923 093 9 34 5273923 14 87294 1! #$%&$'()*+,) #*&, -$. /! 0342056278 9:(%($% -$. ;
Rozdział 1. Nazwa i adres Zamawiającego Gdyńskie Centrum Sportu jednostka budżetowa Rozdział 2. Informacja o trybie i stosowaniu przepisów
Z n a k s p r a w y G C S D Z P I 2 7 1 07 2 0 1 5 S P E C Y F I K A C J A I S T O T N Y C H W A R U N K Ó W Z A M Ó W I E N I A f U s ł u g i s p r z» t a n i a o b i e k t Gó w d y s k i e g o C e n
! "# $ % "&' & ' ( "#$ 9: ; 9 < E(,= F1 GHI $!"#$%&' ()*+,-./01 23 $ & # '/2 45+,-/01 # '/2 4 $ & 67+' 8 9 : ; & < = & B + C < =
! "#$ % "&'& ' ( "#$ 9: ; 9 ?-@A,-B=C-D
Gdyńskim Ośrodkiem Sportu i Rekreacji jednostka budżetowa
W Z Ó R U M O W Y z a w a r t a w G d y n i w d n i u 2 0 1 4 r po m i d z y G d y s k i m O r o d k i e m S p o r t u i R e k r e a c j i j e d n o s t k a b u d e t o w a ( 8 1-5 3 8 G d y n i a ), l
ñ 1 9! Ù DEF+>/ P Q V { Ó bbó 1 YZ"p¼~ Þ Üb á \ V ~ Y Z#'! Ù DEF+>/P Q V g E o 9 &5
! ( *+,-./1 < =,>?@A 7 BCDE : F G,-. 2 3 H IJ B C K < L M 8, O :,-. 234567 6, :8 P,-. 2 3 8 Q R S T U V XYJ#,-. 2345 8 ( X :8,-. 2 3 Z [\], ^_ `ab'; c 8,-. 23[\ b!,-. 234567 8 [ \ U ` a, U #; c < 4567
5 ; / ;, /1 E #5 5!"#$%& ( :; )*+ 5.,-+ ( J KL /,01 1 / MNO )*+ 5 PCQRSTUV C KL,-+ QWXY )*+ C ZT[ \]^
![5 ; / ;, /1 E #5 5!#$%& ( :; )*+ 5.,-+ ( J KL /,01 1 / MNO )*+ 5 PCQRSTUV C KL,-+ QWXY )*+ C ZT[ \]^](/thumbs/103/160921057.jpg "5 ; / ;, /1 E #5 5!#$%& ( :; )*+ 5.,-+ ( J KL /,01 1 / MNO )*+ 5 PCQRSTUV C KL,-+ QWXY )*+ C ZT[ \]^")
5 ;/ 8+49 +0 +4 ;,/1 E#5 5!"#$%& ( 23456789:;?@AB?CDE )*+ 5.,-+ ( FGH@AIB,-+.)*+ JKL /,011/ MNO )*+ 5PCQRSTUV CKL,-+ QWXY )*+ CZT[ \]^. + 12 _`Oa )*+ Mbc,-+ CJ2C %V3BA,-+.)*+ 5C MaCVC BA3,-+ 3 3-2C@
"###1#9 % $#"# #$ ""1&"9%1; " $ K! "###$%!" # $ %& "###$%! $#"#'#&'"$ $#"#'#''"#!"#$%&' ' $ ' $ ' $ (& # ) * +,-.+ /* 01 ' ' () *) +, * *- * ( )*-)./
"###1#9 % $#"# #$ ""1&"9%1;! "###$%!" # $ %& "###$%! $#"#'#&'"$ $#"#'#''"#!"#$%&' ' $ ' $ ' $ (& # ) * +,-.+ /* 01 ' ' () *) +, * *- * ( )*-)./ * (. )01. * ( *). )( ) ( * ) * 0 (*- )*- *- *. *- - 0 ( *).
!"# $%!&'! " # $# ($ ) * %!!"#$%&' 345'67&'89':; 5("(7 " $ %!!" # 2"!'$ ("$8$ - 9("3"$ 7 $ ):$ ; $! ("! " # $" %!% $%8 ( ( #$ )) * %! $ )! "%$#!&! $%
!"#%!&'!"##()*%!!"#%&' 345'67&'89':; 5("(7"%!!"# 2"!'("8-9("3"7):;!("!"#"%!% %8((#))*%!)!"%#!&!%0!#1(!0!#!#*!%0!#1(!(!!(#%!&)#*3!0*#!!&6!(!%!##(!%0!#1#)!%#(& (##%!!&#%(!&!%0!#1#%%&)%#(!#&% #%!0!#1 0%!#(!%0!#1!(#%"!!##%0(%#%%&!!&(0!#1!0(&!#!(
5 9; STU ()* +,-. /0#1 cp :Y ; :PQ ; $< + =>? AB)* + C 2D +,6E ; FFGHI)* + Y * JK L# M )* N ;O 7 )* +] P<Q)* +R STUV6 #)* +,- ] W
![5 9; STU ()* +,-. /0#1 cp :Y ; :PQ ; $< + =>? AB)* + C 2D +,6E ; FFGHI)* + Y * JK L# M )* N ;O 7 )* +] P<Q)* +R STUV6 #)* +,- ] W](/thumbs/96/128964612.jpg "5 9; STU ()* +,-. /0#1 cp :Y ; :PQ ; $< + =>? AB)* + C 2D +,6E ; FFGHI)* + Y * JK L# M )* N ;O 7 )* +] P<Q)* +R STUV6 #)* +,- ] W")
5 9; STU ()* +,-. /0#1 cp 2 3 3 4567 8 + 9:Y ; :PQ ; $< + =>? : @ AB)* + C 2D +,6E ; FFGHI)* + Y * JK L# M )* N ;O 7 )* +] P 2 )* +. Z[\,- X ]^_` :,- a ^ bc, #,
Odbicie lustrzane, oś symetrii
Odbicie lustrzane, oś symetrii 1. Określ, czy poniższe figury są swoimi lustrzanymi odbiciami. Jeśli nie, odpowiedź uzasadnij. 2. Dokończ rysunki, tak aby dorysowana część była odbiciem lustrzanym. 3.
&!! '!! (!! )!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "
! " #$%&$& '!"#$%!"#$%&' ()*+,% -./#0 ( 23456 789%:; ( 2 < = >? @ A B C D #E FA GH F 2I J K L M N O P Q R S @ C D T UV TQTW QH U X Y W Q B C D G H G W G H QT G XY Q P (1 / 4 P P @ B Z[\56 78 ( /A 1KL b
![0Z[\]^_`abXYc0_!0_= defg<hij!]kh](/thumbs/95/124424468.jpg "0Z[\]^_`abXYc0_!0_= defg<hij!]kh")
7 1 0UVWXY 0Z[\]^_`abXYc0_0_ defg !"#$% !"#$ % %& ' # #
-. 4 B!!!"#$ %&!"#$'!!2 & ()*)+,-!!2 #$% &'() #( *+,-. /*+01. +2 &'3456789: ;! "#$!?@ABCD. %&E * FGHIJ5
*+,-.,/ //0,.24,5-56 "#7 "#$%& 8,49 9,:9 ;/113
&A0&!!"#$!!"#$%&!!""!!" " #!""!! " $ ()*+,-& "#$%&./01 %& F ()*F +,- G./0123F 45./ >-//!-H./!#$!%&" 6789:; 8?@7ABCD"EFGHI#JKLMNO$ PQ RSTUVWXD%#$9 AYZ[WXD#\]WXD#^_WXD a 0 bcdwxd& efg #$!%&"
!" #$% &'!" %"!"#$ ( )!" *!(" #$% %(& #$%&' ()*+,-.%/01 #$% &' 23#$% &', ,:; <=. &' >3? ), ABCD E, 9 #$% &',457:; <F GH,IJKL&' 9:; + ),ABCMN
!" #$% &'!" %"!"#$ )!" *!" #$% %& #$%&' )*+,-.%/01 #$% &' 23#$% &',4567 89,:;
!"#$ %&"' " # $ %$()% * + &"!" ()& *'+,-./0'1 5& ## ( *#(!"!# 6 #7 %"6 8% #% " 6 #8%"% *7 9) #%! "# $ % $& & ' $% :"" & ; 1 "0& * $% ) () "&" )% *$%0
!"#$ %&"' "#$%$()% * + &"!" ()& *'+,-./0'1 5& ## ( *#(!"!# 6 #7 %"6 8%#%"6 #8%"% *79)#%! "#$ % $&& ' $% :"" & ; 1 "0& * $% )() "&")% *$%0 %&" "'$ %$()% "$ ( %$ "0 + $*#" ) & * # & (*(&" #$ "'()(%&*% &
Granica i ciągłość funkcji. 1 Granica funkcji rzeczywistej jednej zmiennej rzeczywistej
Wydział Matematyki Stosowanej Zestaw zadań nr 3 Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza w Krakowie WEiP, energetyka, I rok Elżbieta Adamus 3 listopada 06r. Granica i ciągłość funkcji Granica funkcji rzeczywistej jednej
!" # $%&' ' '!! '('" %$'& )* *!"#$%&'! ()*+*,- 0 () ()- ().!1!!0' 0!"#$ %" & "!1 '1 % 1!! & 1! "# $ % & ' " ' ' '# $ - " " #&! " # $ % & '
!"#$%&'''!!'('"%$'& * *!"#$%&'! (*+*,-0(- 230456789(-(.!1!!0'0!"#$%"&"!1 '1%1!! &1!"#$%&'"'''#$- ""#&!" #$%&'"#$ '"%"'('"%$'&#!%%"!& '&!!&! $!!1'$'&!'!'('(!# ''02$ 1 &''% '3!!&!&' '!4"' ''!!&'& 5! $%&!&'3&3%'!'&&'$&$%&!&4/'&4!'
, > &$' '"? '1 # 1, >'1 * ++,- *%..&*/0,1!!"#$% & '!" () *+,-./ 0 1 / : ; )*+, ),= FGHIJ K L M 0 * +, NO! (), O
, >' '"?'1 #1, >'1 *,-*%..*/0,1!!"#% '!"() *,-./ 0 1 / 2 3 4 0 1 5 6 7 8 9 : ; )*,,?@AB=CDE),=FGHIJ K L M 0 *, NO!(),OFP@*>,?P@Q7RSTUV7AB!>3 W X P > O Y Z [ \? P @ 7 ] 7 ^ _ ` a E 0 \ *, b c, I%?@!
! "#$%&#$ (#)*+#,-.#/01 !"# $%& ()*+, -./012% 34**%2( * 2( 9"2(.
8 9 ( (""&0!*,*)!+&a#!0# 3@8L=EF/@O/VE
!"#$"%%%&' & $ $# % () $### % " "#$" #% #"$!"#$% $* $ " $ $ $!"#$!"$##&&"* % &' (!"$##$& &')*+,-./0%'+ (% %'+ (' %,+ (% 1 %,+ (' # ,. /9:; 1 &%
!"#$"%%%&' & $ $# % () $### % " "#$" #% #"$!"#$% $* $ " $ $ $!"#$!"$##&&"* % &'(!"$##$& &')*+,-./0%'+ (% %'+ (' %,+ (% 1 %,+ (' #234 5678,. /9:; 1 &% ?1@ABCDE- -. / 0. -1 1FG HIJK L,9M NO8,./0:; ?
!"# $%&'!"# &! "# (")&*+")!"#,-& './01! " # &67
!"# $%&'!"# &! "# (")&*+")!"#,-& './01! " # 2 3 4 5 &67 !"# $#%&'! ()*+,-./01 "# $#!"#!"#$%&' # ()*+, # "-./01 # * 23456789: ; 1 ?@A BCD E #$ * FGHI JK L MNO PQR ST U VWX +Y Z[\]^_`a34 bc # * 9 3 #$!.
!"#$%& ()!"#*+! ! " #$% # 1234 ! !"#$$%!!"#$ %"& "( )"(*&+ ",-.& / $63 7$8()!""#&#$! * " +,-. +,, +,- #$%&
#$%&!"#$$%!!"#$ %"& "( )"(*&+ ",-.& /0123 450$63 7$8()!""#&#$! * " +,-. +,, +,-!"#$%& ()!"#*+!! " #$%!ABC$"$D#$/&AB ++-//+ ",- EFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX#$YZ ( YOP[\]^_! &awb_cdxef gh# ( Q /( -/ 5A i>5 B C DE
!" # $ %& # Acta Petrologica Sinica
!!" # $ %& # ' '!"#$%&' () ' ()*+,%&' ' -. /0 '! "# $ %&! '!"# ' $ $!$ ( )** ' ($+! %&! ' '$ $',$ ( )*+!$ ' ($+! %&! ' '+- '! ' "# $+ %! '.... '! "#$ %! &"'% "#&' %!$ #%% " &"# % ())* +(),- %! &%()#**
z d n i a 2 3. 0 4.2 0 1 5 r.
C h o r ą g i e w D o l n o l ą s k a Z H P I. P o s t a n o w i e n i a p o c z ą t k o w e U c h w a ł a n r 1 5 / I X / 2 0 1 5 K o m e n d y C h o r ą g w i D o l n o l ą s k i e j Z H P z d n i a
!"#$!"%& ()"*+," - ".)//0 1-%")%*+#& 2%3 4 #& 56%0 7 - " 8#66 "%*+#& 9 :+3+#& (#4 " %&4 ;&*6#<0 =%") 7%$
wxd "*;:-=B?3 #.8!8!!!*+ +!"#*#+,!!"-.,... + /0##123456789!!"?/ ".,,+ @8AB*23CDEFGH!IJ... *+,*-./0123456789! 3?@ABCDEF,*-0,2GEFHIJKLML +NO!PQRUVGABWXYQRZ[!\]^_ ajkbcd^: e!nfgehimgjkz[!jlmn*+,*-0,2g?@abopqr!s1;t4unv
Granica i ciągłość funkcji. 1 Granica funkcji rzeczywistej jednej zmiennej rzeczywsitej
Wydział Matematyki Stosowanej Zestaw zadań nr 3 Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza w Krakowie WEiP, energetyka, I rok Elżbieta Adamus listopada 07r. Granica i ciągłość funkcji Granica funkcji rzeczywistej jednej
! "#$ %! & '"$!!"# $%&'!"#$%&' $ ()*+,-./01 ( :6; * < = ; C D A # E F7GH IJ;KLMNAO% ) 7 J PQRSLTNAUVAW%X *+,- YS LMN
!"#$%!&'"$!!"#$%&'!"#$%&' $ )*+,-./01 23456789:6; *4?@*AB34@*AB>4? * < = 3 4 7 ; C D A # E F7GH IJ;KLMNAO% ) 7JPQRSLTNAUVAW%X *+,- YS LMNAUVAW%X +,- JZ[\!]/0&'+^_ *+,-`ab; c=c=f7gh "#$%&';IE./0,1/1!
:28:49
2016-03-21 10:28:49!"# $ http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/37.1414.p.20160321.1028.007.html %&'!"#$%&' ()*+,-. /01 23 45 & 6$789:; + ?@ A B>CDE >C!"#$%&5 4>FGHDIJKLMNO 5JK PQRS TR"#%&5JKUVV 3R"$%&WR"JKXYTR"JK
! " # $ % & ' ( ) * +,
L I * &() *)'+*,' ' -" ". $%&'()* +,-./01! " $ %&'())*+,-./01 ) 234 ()) /0567 (8)9:;)75 () +,-.9 34)?@ABC+> DEFGHJKL ) X +,-.Y56 I> ()+>91 Z[=O\]X= O ^_Y ` +>