srb-swjy BwrqI sibawcwr dy inrmwqw guru Arjn dyv

Transkrypt

1 1 srb-swjy BwrqI sibawcwr dy inrmwqw guru Arjn dyv jgbir ismg ** guru Arjn dyv m`dkwli Bwrq di iek AijhI Adu`qI S^sIAq hn ijnhw ny AwpxI bwxi Aqy guru grmq swihb di isrjxw rwhin Bwrq ivc iek Aijhy srb-swjy sibawcwr di isrjxw krn dw auprwlw kiqw hy jo lok-p`ki qy audwr mwnvvwdi kdrw-kimqw dw DwrxI hy[ auh is`k Drm dy prvrqkw ivcon hn Aqy gurmiq kwivdwrw dy isrmor Swier hn[ aunhw di swihqk priqbw Anyk-p`KI hy[ guru grmq swihb di pwvn biv ƒ rup qy Awkwr dyx ivc ienhw di smpwdki Xogqw Aqy isrjxwqmk priqbw hi kwrjsil si ijsny m`dkwlin Bwrq ivc nv-jwigrqi di iek ivawpk lihr ƒ auswrn ivc mh`qvpurx BUimkw inbwei[ ieh iek Aijhw Adu`qI pwvn grmq hy ijsdw mh`qv isr& is`kw lei nhin sgon smu`cy Bwrq lei vi hy[ kwrx ieh hy ik ies ivc 12vIN sdi eisvi qon ly ky 17vIN sdi eisvi qk dy prmu`k Drm-pRvrqkW di rcnw ƒ Swiml kiqw igaw hy[ ies ivc Drm, kom, jwq-brwdri, iprky, BwSw jw ik`qy dy AwDwr au~qy koei ivqkrw nhin kiqw igaw sgon audwr Bwvnw nwl s`b ƒ brwbr mminaw igaw hy[ ies qrhw ieh grmq smu`ci mwnv jwqi ƒ swjivwlqw dy suqr ivc prox vwlw grmq ho inbvdw hy[ ies lihr di s`b qon v`fi dyx Bwrq ivc iek Aijhy mwnv Aqy smwj di isrjxw krn ivc inhq hy jo jwq brwdriaw, Dwrimk vmfiaw Aqy sovi i&rku isasq dy vmfy hoey mnu`ki BweIcwirAW ƒ prspr prym-ipawr nwl ijauxw iskwaundw hy[ * swbkw propysr qy muki, pmjwbi ivbwg, id`li XUnIvristI, id`li[

2 2 guru Arjn dyv ny 1588 eisvi ivc AMimRqsr ivky smqoksr qwl KudvwieAw[ AMimRqsr ivc hi drbwr swihb dy srovr ƒ smpurx krvwieaw Aqy 1589 ƒ hirmmdr swihb di ninh r`ki[ aunhw ny ies pwvn sqwn di ninh r`kx dw Sr& aus vyly dy pris`d su&i smq swein miaw mir ƒ b^isaw[ hirmmdr dy cwr drvwzy r`ky gey ijsdw Bwv ieh si ik ieh pwvn sqwn s`b lei KulHw hy[ guru Gr dy ivrodiaw ny dusmni Aqy BVkwht vwliaw AnykW kwrvweiaw kiqiaw pr guru Arjn dyv ny Awpxy subwau Anuswr hr g`l ƒ nzr-amdwz kridaw SWqI dw hi aupdys id`qw[ aunhw di S^sIAq dw ieh p`k aunhw di bwxi ivcon vi BlI BWq prgt humdw hy : nw ko myrw dusmnu rihaw nw hm iks ky byrwei ] brhmu pswru pswire BIqir siqgur qy soji pwei ]2] sbu ko miqu hm Awpn kinw hm sbnw ky swjn ] duir prwiee mn kw ibrhw qw mylu kie myry rwjn ]3] (guru grmq swihb, pmnw - 671) dusmni Aqy vyr Bwv dw jvwb im`qrqw Aqy s`jnqw nwl dyxw ruhwni au~cqw di inswni hy[ guru Arjn dyv dw kwiv-kqn iesy iksm di drvysi S^sIAq vl smkyq krdw hy[ ^ws qor qy jdon AsIN ies grmq ƒ m`dkwlin Bwrq dy swmwijk, ieiqhwsk Aqy sibawcwrk smdrb ivc r`k ky vwcdy hw qw pqw c`ldw hy ik ieh iek AijhI krwqikwri tykst hy ijsny Awpxy vyly dy mnu`k dy mn ivc hr iksm dy dmn Aqy SoSx dy i^lw& jujx lei nyiqk nobl pydw kiqw[ ies ivc pys hoei ivcwrdwrw jy iek pwsy muzl swmmqvwd di k`tv mzhbi niqi Aqy qs`dd dw ivrod krdi hy qw dusry pwsy BwrqI / ihmdu smwj diaw kuriqiaw ƒ dur krn di cystw krdi hy[ ies ivcwrdwrw di s`b qon v`fi prwpqi ibmnqwvw Aqy ivl`kxqwvw dw Awdr krn Aqy prspr ivrod ƒ imtw ky swj dy suqr qlws krn ivc inhq hy[ ies mmqv lei guru grmq swihb dw prvcn smvwd Aqy

3 3 sumyl dw smdys smcwirq krdw idrstigocr humdw hy[ Swied iesy idrsti qon Ajoky ivdvwnw ny ies pwvn grmq ƒ au~qr-awduink cyqnw dw smcwr krn vwlw m`dkwli pwt AwiKAw hy[ smu`ci bwxi Awpxy vyly dy mnu`k ƒ krwqi qy mukqi dw jo smdys idmdi hy auh A`j vi swrqk qy prwsmigk hy ikaun jo ies ivc audwr mwnvvwdi kdrw-kimqw ƒ AwDwr bxwieaw igaw hy[ ies grmq dy smuh bwxikwr jwq, jnm Aqy kul, Drm, nsl Aqy ilmg dy AwDwr qy vmfiaw pwaux vwly mwnv-ivrodi ivcwrw Aqy ivsvwsw ƒ r`d krdy hn[ bwxikwrw di ivcwrdwrw dy ipcokv ivclw mul ivvyk brihmmfi cyqnw dw auh pwrgwmi idrsti-ibmdu hy ij`qy Klo ky ibmnqwvw Aqy ivqkry mhqvhix ho jwdy hn[ smu`ci gurbwxi dy ies idrsti-ibmdu di priqindqw krn vwlw ivcwr / ivsvws Bgq kbir dw inmn-amikq kqn hy ijs ivc mnu`k di buinawdi eykqw dw Aihsws aubrdw hy : Avil Alh nuru aupwieaw kudriq ky sb bmdy ] eyk nur qy sbu jgu aupijaw kaun Bly ko mmdy ]1 sb mih scw eyko soei iqs kw kiaw sbu kcu hoei ] hukmu pcwny su eyko jwny bmdw khiay soei ]3] (guru grmq swihb, pmnw ) iesy dorwn guru Gr dy ivrodiaw ny muzl bwdswh Akbr pws guru ji di iskwieq kiqi ik guru ji vlon iqawr krvwey gey ies grmq ivc ieslwm ivrodi itpxiaw kiqiaw geiaw hn[ muzl bwdswh Akbr ny guru ji ƒ biv smyq drbwr ivc pys hox lei AwiKAw[ guru ji ny BweI gurdws qy bwbw bu`fw ji ƒ biv dy ky bwdswh pws ByijAw[ Akbr ny kei QwvW qon ies grmq di

4 4 bwxi ƒ suixaw qy jdon ausƒ ies ivc koei vi AXog g`l nzr nw AweI qw ausny dohw is`kw ƒ isropw dy ky ivdw kiqw[ 1505 eisvi ƒ Akbr dw dyhwq ho igaw[ auh Awpxy pu`qr jhwgir di QwvyN Awpxy poqry ^usro ƒ q^q dw vwirs bxwauxw cwhumdw si[ iesy lei jdon jhwgir ny q^q au~qy kbzw kr ilaw qw ^usro ny bzwvq kr id`qi Aqy jhwgir Awpxy hi pu`qr ^usro dw jwni dusmn bx igaw[ ^usro pmjwb vl vidaw Aqy ieqy Aw ky auh guru Arjn dyv ƒ vi imilaw[ Asl ivc ^usro bcpn ivc Awpxy dwdw Akbr nwl pihlw vi ieqy Aw cu`ikaw si[ guru ji ny ausƒ bxdw Awdr mwx id`qw[ ies g`l qon bwdswh jhwgir krod ivc Aw igaw Aqy guru ji qon bdlw lyx di socx l`gw[ ausƒ d`isaw igaw si ik guru ji ny ^usro dy m`qy au~qy iqlk lwieaw si Aqy ausdi kwmxwbi lei duaw kiqi si[ bwdswh di nzr ivc ieh bwziawnw hrkq si[ bwdswh jhwgir Awpxy bwzi Sihzwdy ^usro dw ip`cw krdw hoieaw pmjwb AwieAw qy ausny ^usro dy swry hmwieqiaw ƒ moq di szw dy ky Awpxw gu`sw TMfw kiqw[ guru ji ƒ qsihy dy ky mwr dyx dw hukm dy id`qw[ ieh hukm bwdswh ny Awp id`qw si[ ies g`l dw hvwlw bwdswh jhwgir di svy-jivni quzik jhwgiri ivc imldw hy ijsdw pmjwbi Anyvwd inmn-amikq hy: goiemdvwl ivc jo ik ibawh (ibaws) diraw dy kmfy qy hy, pirw bzurgw dy Bys ivc Arjn nwm dw iek ihmdu si[ ausny bhuq swry Boly Bwly blik bysmj qy murk muslmwnw ƒ vi Awpxy qriikaw dw isdki bxw ky AwpxI bzurgi qy eisvr nwl nzdiki dw Fol bhuq au~cw vjwieaw hoieaw si[ lok ausƒ guru kihmdy sn[ swiraw pwisaw qon &rybi qy &ryb dy pujwri aus pws Awky aus au~qy purw eyqkwd zwihr krdy sn[ iqmn cwr pivhiaw qon aunhw di ieh dukwn grm si[ ikqny icr qon myry idl ivc ieh i^awl AwauNdw si ik ies JUT dy vpwr ƒ bmd krnw cwhidw hy jw ausƒ muslmwnw dy mq ivc ilawauxw cwhidw hy[...a`gy hi ienhw dy JUT ƒ myn cmgi qrhw

5 5 jwxdw sw, myn hukm kiqw ik aus (guru swihb) ƒ hwzr krn qy ausdy Gr Gwt qy bicaw ƒ murqzwkwn ƒ sonp id`qw Aqy ausdw mwl Asbwb zbq kr ky hukm id`qw ik ausƒ frwaux, mwrn, szw dyx Aqy qsihy dy ky kql kr dyx[ ies qrhw SwhI hukm di pwlnw kridaw guru ji ƒ lwhor dy SwhI ikly ivc kyd kr id`qw igaw Aqy kei qrhw dy qsihy id`qy gey ijnhw ivc q`qi qvi au~qy ibtwauxw, aubldi dyg ivc ibtwauxw, isr au~qy q`qi ryq pwauxw Awid[ AMq ivc aunhw ƒ rwvi ndi ivc fobx lei iljwieaw igaw ij`qy aunhw ny prwx iqawg id`qy[ ies qrhw cmqkwri priqbw vwly prmu`k Drm-pRvrqk ƒ ShId kr id`qw igaw[ Asl ivc muzl swmmqvwd dw is`k lihr nwl tkrau koei ie&wkiaw Gtnw nhin si, sgon iesdy ipcokv ivc fumgw ivcwrdwrwei ivrod kwrjsil nzr AwauNdw hy[ iek pwsy smqw, BgqW, su&iaw Aqy guru swihbwn dw audwr mwnvvwdi PlsPw si ijhvw Bwrq ivc swj Aqy sumyl dy lkwiek smjugq sibawcwr di auswri lei jqnsil si qw dusy pwsy mzhbi qmgnzri Aqy sovi isawsq dw nwpwk g`tjov si ijhvw Akbr di sulhwkul niqi dw k`tv ivrodi si[ idlcsp g`l ieh hy ik ies priqikirawvwdi lihr dw AlMbrdwr nksbmdi su&i islisly dw aus vyly dw AgU Sy^ Aihmd srhmdi si[ Awpxy Awpƒ muj`dd Al&swnI AKvwaux vwly ies Sy^ Aihmd srhmdi ny m`dkwlin Bwrq ivc ieslwmi mulvwd ƒ j`qybmd krn dw bivw cu`ikaw hoieaw si[ iesy ny hi guru Arjn dyv ƒ ShId krvwieaw[ bwd ivc iesy dy au~qr-aidkwriaw ny guru hirgoibmd swihb ƒ mrvwaux di koiss kiqi Aqy bmdikwny pvwieaw, guru hirikrsn ƒ smwpq krvwaux dw Xqn kiqw, guru qyz bhwdr dw sis klm krwieaw, SIr^or swihbzwidaw ƒ kmdw ivc icxvwieaw, dsm pwqswh au~qy Gwqk hmlw krvwieaw[

6 6 Akbr dy rwj dy AMqly idnw ivc Sy^ Aihmd srhmdi ny ieslwm di punr-sqwpnw lei zordwr prcwr krnw SurU kr id`qw si[ ies mmqv lei ausny bhuq swry hm-i^awl muzl AihlkwrW vl ic`tiaw ilkiaw Aqy jhwgir qk ƒ vi Awpxy mnsuibaw di purqi lei vriqaw[ auprokq q`qw di provhqw Sy^ Aihmd srhmdi diaw ilkiaw hoeiaw ic`tiaw qon humdi hy ijnhw dw prkwisq rup mkqubwiq Amwim r`bwni ivc prwpq hy[ guru Arjn dyv di Shwdq bwry mujidd di inmn-amikq itpxi dyki jw skdi hy : ienhw idnw ivc hi jo goiemdvwl dy BRSty hoey kw&r ƒ kql kr id`qw igaw hy, ieh bvi Su`B Gtnw hoei hy Aqy ies nwl ihmduaw ƒ iek v`fi isksq hoei hy[ aus ƒ iksy kwrn Aqy iksy bhwny nwl vi mwr mukwaux nwl kw&rw di v`fi hwni hoei hy Aqy muslmwnw lei ieh Su`B Aqy mhwn lwb di g`l bxi hy[ ies byiemwn dy kql hox qon pihlw myƒ iek id`b supnw AwieAw si ik pwqswh (jhwgir) ny BRSt ADrm dw isr kucl id`qw hy[ ies ivc smsw nhin ik auh (guru Arjn) kw&r ihmduaw dw jgd-guru si Aqy ADwrimk ruciaw r`kx vwilaw dw SihnSwh si[ (pmnw 2-3) ies qrhw guru Arjn dyv di Shwdq vi ivcwrdwrk mh`qv r`kdi hy[ ieh Esy kvi dw ih`sw hy ijsdi SurUAwq hirmmdr swihb di auswri Aqy guru grmq swihb di swjnw nwl hoei si[ guru grmq swihb dy bwxi smgrih ivc guru Arjn dyv di AwpxI bwxi vi bhuq v`fy Awkwr di hy[ ieh bwxi guru grmq swihb dy 30 rwgw ivc hy jo mu`k qor qy pidaw, AstpdIAW, SlokW Aqy CMqW dy rup ivc hy[ aunhw diaw mukwblqn lmmyry Awkwr vwliaw prmu`k rcnwvw hn bwrh mwh, idnryix, bwvn A`KrI, sukmni, iqqi, Aqy Cy vwrw (gauvi, gujri, jyqsri, rwmkli, mwru, bsmq rwg ivc)[ ienhw qon ielwvw kuj rcnw ienhw isrlykw ADIn vi imldi hy ibrhvy, guxvmqi, gwqw, Punhy, AMjulIAw, solhy Awid[

7 7 ies bwxi di mu`fli ivsysqw ieh hy ik ies ivc smkwli Aqy purb kwli ivrsy diaw AnykW icmqndwrwvw AMqr-pwT vjon mojud hn[ ienhw ivc Bwrq dy klwsikl ivrsy diaw vyidk Aqy AvYidk prmprwvw dy nwl nwl ieslwmi ivrsy nwl smbmidq su&i prmprw vi Swiml hy[ ieh dwrsink icmqn dy ivrodbwvi smgtn nhin rihmdy sgon cyqnw dy aucyry Drwql au~qy ienhw diaw qmdw iek dusry nwl jw juvdiaw hn[ gurbwxi dw isrijq prvcn ies q`q di augvvin imswl pys krdw hy[ klwsikl vyidk / ihmdu prmprw Anuswr mnu`ki jivn dy cwr prm-awdrs jw pdwrq hn Drm, ArQ, kwm Aqy mok[ ienhw ivcon mok (mo ) ƒ srb-au~c mminaw igaw hy[ ieqy Drm mnu`ki Awcrx Aqy ivhwr ƒ inxmqirq krn vwly nyiqk ivdwn dw lkwiek hy jdon ik ArQ Aqy kwm mnu`ki jivn diaw BOiqk Aqy privrqi-mulk lovw di purqi dy AwDwr hn[ ieh pihly iqmn pdwrq mnuki hond dy loikk srokwr mmny jw skdy hn[ ienhw dy mukwbly au~qy mok dw Kyqr prmwrq di cyqnw dw Kyqr hy jo ienhw loikk srokwrw ƒ AlOikk jw pwrgwmi smdrb prdwn krdw hy[ hr swihqk jw sibawcwrk pwt Awpxy vyly dy mwnvi XQwrQ nwl fumgi qrhw juivaw humdw hy[ iesdi isrjxw ivc cyq-acyqi Awpxy smkwli Aqy purbkwli ivrsy diaw rcnw-ruvhiaw Aqy prmprwvw kwrjsil humdiaw hn[ kwrx ieh hy ik mwnv-isrijq koei vi prvcn ^lw ivcon pydw nhin humdw sgon vrqmwn Aqy AqIq ivckwr smvwd di aupj humdw hy[ ieh g`l krwqikwri pwtw Aqy prvcnw dy smdrb ivc qw hor vi vdyry swrqk hy[ ies Dwrxw ƒ swmhxy r`k ky jdon AsIN guru grmq swihb bwxi dw AiDAYn kdy hw qw ies g`l dw fumgw Aihsws humdw hy ik ienhw bwxikwrw ny vi Awpxy swihqk Aqy sibawcwrk ivrsy nwl smvwd rcw ky hi AwpxI ivl`kxqw sqwipq kiqi hy[ AsIN guru grmq swihb dy ieiqhwsk pirpyk Aqy smwj-sibawcwrk smdrb di inswndyhi krn dw

8 8 auprwlw vi kiqw hy[ ieqy swfw jqn ies rcnw dw iek Aijhw ivvykpurx Aqy AMqr-sMbMiDq ibrqwq auswrnw jo iesƒ m`dkwl dy srb-bwrqi pirpyk nwl jov ky vwcx dy smr`q ho sky[ koei pvy byd koei kqyb ] koei EFY nil koei supyd ]3] koei khy qurku koei khy ihmdu ] koei bwcy ibsqu koei surigmdu ]4] khu nwnk ijin hukmu pcwqw ] prb swihb kw iqin Bydu jwqw ] (guru grmq swihb, pmnw - 885) ienhw kwiv pmgqiaw ivc vrqi gei smklpi SbdwvlI ieko vyly dohw prmprwvw nwl smbmidq hy[ jy rwm, guseiaw, qirq, byd Aqy surigmdu Sbd ihmdu-awriawei Drm-siBAwcwr dy ivrsy vl smkyq krdy hn qw Kudwie, Alwih, hj, kqyb Aqy ibsq swmi-ieslwmi Drm, drsn Aqy prwboiqk dy lkwiek hn[ ies qrhw di swji im`si smklpi SbdwvlI ibmn-ibmn prmprwvw ivckwr smvwd dy mwhol ivc hi vrqi jw skdi hy[ Asl ivc m`dkwlin Bwrq dy su&iaw Aqy BgqW ny AwpxI audwr mwnvvwdi Bwvnw rwhin Aijhw mwhol iqawr kr id`qw si ijs ivc Dwrimk k`tvqw dw koei sqwn nhin si[ gurbwxi iesy iksm di audwr mwnvvwdi Bwvnw di srboqm imswl pys krdw hy[ gurbwxi di ivsv-idrsti dw auprokq pwswr iksy nw iksy rup ivc iesdy ivsygq srokwrw dw AwDwr bxdw hy Aqy iesdy isrijq prvcn ƒ ivakqigq Aqy swmwijk pirpyk nwl jovdw hy[ s`c ivc AByd hoei cyqnw haumy di qmg vlgx ivcon inkl jwdi hy, ijs kwrx ivakqi dy Awpy

9 9 Aqy smwj nwl irsiqaw di buinawd bdl jwdi hy[ inji ihqw di QwvyN auh srb-ihq di g`l socdw hy[ ies qrhw rh`svwd Aqy nyikqw dw ivicqr smjog gurbwxi ƒ ivsv-idrsti dy hvwly nwl hornw rh`svwdi mwrgw nwlon v`k kr idmdw hy[ ivsv dy smuh Dwrimk Aqy dwrsink icmqkw ny iksy nw iksy rup ivc mnu`k di sm`isawgrsq hsqi Aqy hond vl smkyq kiqw hy[ inrmkus jw inrpyk suqmqrqw mnu`ki hond dy ih`sy nhin AwauNdI sgon bmdn Aqy suqmqrqw dy sdivi dvmd ivc ivcrnw hi aus di hoxi hy[ AijhI siqqi ivc zwhr hy ik mwnv-mukqi dw vwsqivk Kyqr jivwqmk Aqy BOiqk lovw qon mukqi dw Kyqr nhin Aqy nw hi smwj-s`ibawcwr di Ainvwrqw qon mukqi dw Kyqr hy[ mnu`k AwpxI mwnvi suqmqrqw inj (self) Aqy pr (other) nwl ieksur ho ky ijaux di siqqi rwhin hi prwpq kr skdw hy[ bwxikwrw ny Awpxy jivn drsn Anuswr mwnv-mukqi dw jo smklp pys kiqw hy ausdi buinawd mnu`k di jivwqmk / smswrk hond bwryy prmwrqk idrsti-ibmdu au~qy r`ki gei hy[ guru Arjn dyv ny AwpxI iek bwxi rcnw ivc mnu`k di bmdn siqqi ƒ haumy rog (Awqm-kyNidRq jivn ivdi) dy hvwly nwl pirbwisq kridaw smswr dy smuh prwxiaw ƒ iksy nw iksy p`kon iesy iksm dy bmdn jw rog dw iskwr drswieaw igaw hy[ guru-kvi ny ieqy rog ƒ iek rupk (metaphor) dy qor qy vriqaw hy jo ArQW dy auqpwdn di iek prbwvswli jugq bx jwdw hy : haumy rogu mwnuk kau dinw ] kwm roig myglu bis linw ] idrsit roig pic muey pqmgw ] nwd roig Kip gey kurmgw ]1] jo jo disy so so rogi ]

10 10 rog rihq myrw siqguru jogi ]1] rhwau ] (guru grmq swihb, pmnw ) guru grmq swihb dy bwxikwrw ny ivibmn DrmW Aqy smprdwvw ivc prc`lq dyvi s`qw dy smklpw ƒ ieko ijhw snmwn kridaw iesy iksm di swj Aqy sumyl di Bwvnw ƒ prgtwieaw hy[ audwhrx vjon gurbwxi diaw ieh pmgqiaw pys hn : koei boly rwm rwm koei Kudwie ] koei syvy guseiaw koei Alwih ]1] kwrx krx krim ] ikrpw Dwir rhim ]1] rhwau ] koei nwvy qiriq koei hj jwie ] koei kry pujw koei isru invwie ]2] ies qrhw smu`cy qor qy AwiKAw jws skdw hy ik guru Arjn dyv isr& iek mhwn DrmpRvrqk hi nhin hn sgon m`dkwlin BwrqI smwj sibawcwr dw nv-inrmwn krn vwly krwqikwri icmqk vi hn[ aunhw di Adu`qI Aqy bhu-p`ki S^sIAq ny AwpxI bwxi Aqy guru grmq swihb di isrjxw rwhin sibawcwrk nv-jwigrqi di aus ivawpk lihr ƒ smgitq krn ivc BrpUr Xogdwn id`qw ijs ivc srb-swjy Aqy smjugq sibawcwr di inswndyhi humdi hy[