Introducing biogas buses to Norway

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1 Nelson ROJAS PTNSS-2012-SS1-143 Introducing biogas buses to Norway The paper presents Norwegian HOG Energie company, which deals with the issues of gas infrastructure development for the natural gas, increasing consumption of the natural gas in the public transport as well as buses and ferries running on natural gas/biomethane. It was decided that due to the worsening condition of the environment and the greenhouse effect, it is necessary to introduce changes to the transport sector. One of the methods to eliminate losses in the environment is the use of biogas (biomethane) as the transport fuel due to its low air pollutants emissivity and greenhouse gases for this fuel. The substrates suitable for the biogas production, have been determined. The challenges awaiting the new fuel i.e. biogas have been presented, such as the fact, that the substrates for the biogas production are characterised by being dispersed, and various raw materials have different ownership structures. The best strategy of the biogas (biomethane) introduction to the market, via compressed natural gas, has been defined. The use of natural gas in Norway was presented together with the integrated gas transport system in this country and biogas production and consumption level. The fleet of buses and ships powered by natural gas in Norway has also been presented. Wdrażanie autobusów biogazowych w Norwegii W referacie zaprezentowano norweskie przedsiębiorstwo HOG Energi, które zajmuje się zagadnieniami: rozwoju infrastruktury gazowej dla gazu ziemnego, zwiększenia wykorzystania gazu ziemnego w transporcie publicznym oraz autobusów i promów zasilanych gazem ziemnym/biometanem. Określono, że ze względu na pogarszający się stan środowiska i efekt cieplarniany należy dokonać zmian w sektorze transportu. Jedną z metod niwelowania strat w środowisku jest stosowanie biogazu (biometanu) jako paliwa transportowego z powodu niskiej emisyjności zanieczyszczeń powietrza i gazów cieplarnianych powodowanych przez to paliwo. Określono substraty nadające się do produkcji biogazu. Przedstawiono wyzwania dla nowego paliwa, jakim jest biogaz, m. in. takie jak to, że surowce do produkcji biogazu charakteryzują się rozproszeniem, a różne surowce mają inne struktury własności. Określono najlepszą strategię wprowadzania na rynek biogazu (biometanu) za pośrednictwem sprężonego gazu ziemnego. Zaprezentowano wykorzystanie gazu ziemnego w Norwegii, wraz z zintegrowanym systemem transportu gazu w tym kraju oraz poziomem produkcji i wykorzystania biogazu. Przedstawiono również flotę autobusów i statków zasilanych gazem ziemnym w Norwegii. COMBUSTION ENGINES, No. 1/2012 (148)

2 Introducing biogas buses in Norway Nelson Rojas Project Manager Rzeszów, 19 th October

3 HOG Energi Membership based organization that seeks to improve terms and conditions for developing and growing business across all energy sectors in the Hordaland region 2

4 HOG Energi Development of infrastructure for natural gas Increased use of natural gas in public transport Gas buses Gas ferries Natural gas in vessels LNG facility at Kollsnes Pipeline from Kollsnes plant to Mongstad raffineri 3

5 Why do something about the transport sector? 4

6 Transport sector accounts for 32,4 % of CO 2 emisions in Norway Source: Statistics Norway

7 CO 2 emisions from traffic sector in Norwegian cities Source: Statistics Norway

8 Transport needs are increasing Source: Statistics Norway

9 We need a shift! 8

10 Why biogas as fuel for busses? Extended use of biogas for city buses will lower emissions, improve inner city air quality and strengthen the role of public transport in an efficient strategy to limit the impact from traffic on climate change 9

11 Low emissions Source: TNO Holland,

12 Positiv effects on environment and climate emission cost Source: Rolf Hagman, Norwegian Institute of Transport Economics

13 Waste is a resource Source: AGA

14 Synergies in infrastructure Source: Green gas consept. Göteborg Energi AB 13

15 An opportunity for enterprise and job creation locallyll 14

16 What is the greatest challenge for biogas? Resources of biogas are disperse Different resources have different ownership structure Knowledge and information among decision makers Multi-sector policy Political willingnes to act Economic structure and economic crisis Composition of the energy mix 15

17 Norway world s 6 th largest oil and 2 nd largest natural gas producer Source: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate

18 How do we deal with this? 17

19 Develop the foundations for a market Supply Demand Production and distribution of biogas Consumer is the transport sector and it s stakeholders 18

20 Natural gas as a strategy for introducing biogas Biogas and natural gas synergies Gradual introduction of biogas Cost effective Same infrastructure; busses, logistics and depots Biogas and natural gas as fuel mixture Natual gas as a backup 19

21 Use of natural gas in Norway 20

22 Source: Gasco 2011

23 5 Supply vessels 4 Tankers 10 Cargo 48 Gas fueled vessels 3 Coast guard 3 Passenger boats Source: Norsk Gassforum 2011

24 LNG 41 terminals in Norway Source: Norsk Gassforum 2011

25 7 Gas distribution companies Source: Norsk Gassforum 2011

26 394 gas busses Source: Norsk Gassforum 2011

27 Biogas production in Norway Source: Henrik Lystad, Avfall Norge

28 Biogas usage in Norway today Source: ENOVA

29 Biogas potential in Norway Sewage sludge Landfills Organic waste from households Organic waste from restaurants and hotels Organic waste from retail Organic waste from food Industry Manure Straw Source: ENOVA

30 Biogas potential in Norway Potential is 5,5 TWh In addition is biogas potential from forest residues and wood wastes is estimated to be 22 TWh Source: ENOVA

31 Cities are slowly showing the will to explore this potential 30

32 Bergen, Trondheim and Oslo recently purchased new busses 31

33 Bergen 81 new gas busses in 2011 They will run om biogas from 2014

34 Trondheim 133 new gas busses in 2011 They will run om biogas from 2012

35 Oslo 36 new gas busses in 2011 They run om biogas from 2011

36 Conclusions We have to address the emission challenges from the transport sector Biogas is the fuel alternative with lowest emissions and emission cost Implementing biogas busses needs focus on developing market conditions locally and on a national level A natural gas infrastructure enables quicker biogas implementation Look at the climate challenge as an opportunity

37 C t t Contact: Nelson Rojas HOG Energi Tel: nelson@holga.no Website: Thank you for your attention!