Tom 37 Warszawa, 31 III 1984 Nr 11. Eugeniusz K ie r y c ii

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1 P O L S K A A K A D E M I A N A U K I N S T Y T U T Z O O L O G I I ANNALES ZOOLOGICI Tom 37 Warszawa, 31 III 1984 Nr 11 Eugeniusz K ie r y c ii Notes on the genus P rosynapsis D. T. et KlEFF. ( Synapsis FORST.), with a list of Anacliaris DALM. species occurring in Poland (H ym enoptera, Cynipoidea, A nacharitidae) [With 5 Text-figures] A b str a c t. The holotype of Synapsis aquisgranensis F o r s t e r, 1869 proved to be a teratological specimen of Anacharis ensifer W a l k e r, Consequently, the generic names S yn a p sis F orster, 1869 (nec Synapsis B a t e s, 1868, Goleoptera) and the substitute name Prosynapsis D alla Torre et K ieffer, 1910 are junior subjective synonyms of Anacliaris D a lm a n, Four species of the last genus have been recorded from Poland. The genus Prosynapsis was erected in 1910 by K. G. D alla T orre and K ie f f e r as a substitute name for Synapsis F o rster, The last name has been preoccupied by Synapsis B a t e s, 1868 (Coleoptera). F o rster (1869) based his genus Synapsis on the type-species, Synapsis aquisgranensis, described after a single male taken in Aachen (Western Germany). The holotype is now preserved in the Humboldt Museum in Berlin. It is a dried specimen somewhat damaged. It lacks the antennae, tibia and tarsus of the right fore leg, and four last segments of the left fore tarsus. The specimen is stuck on a micropin placed in a block of elder pith and situated on a nickelplated entomological pin. There are five labels (specified here from top to bottom): (1) a white rectangle bearing a hand-made inscription 26/7 62, ZM ; (2) a red disc with W e l d 1931 (hand-made); (3) a white rectangle with Synapsis m. aquisgranensis m. (hand-made) (this label should be rather situated before th e second one); (4) a yellow rectangle w ith Mus. Zool. B erlin (p rin t ed); (5) a white rectangle with Anacharis ensifer W a l k e r, terat. specim., det. E. K ie r y c h, 1981 (hand-made).

2 336 E. Kiery cli The genus Synapsis F ó r st. (or Prosynapsis D. T. et K i e f f.) was m any times included in subsequent publications devoted to th e Cynipoidea, e.g. in th e papers b y A sh m e a d (1903) (with an erroneously spelled nam e S. agrisgranensis ), C. G. D a lla T orre (1893), K. W. D alla T o r r e an d K ie f f e r (1910), K ie f f e r (1914), W e l d (1952), BouĆEKj (1957) (with an erroneous name Prosynaspis ), and I o n e sc u (1969). I t was presum ably included there only after literature, and th e authors ignored th e oddity of features being cha racteristic of P. aquisgranensis ( F ó r st.). I t was only W e l d (1952) who had some doubts in this respect; he pointed to th e similarity of scutellum of th e type-specimen to th a t of species belonging to th e genus Anacharis D alm. F o r ster (1869) segregated th e genus Synapsis on th e ground of one spe cimen in which scutum and scutellum (Figs. 1, 2) are not separated by a groove and form one plate. Besides, th ere are no foveae a t th e base of scutellum. In all other Anacharitidae scutum and scutellum are separated by a groove and t he base of scutellum has two distinct foveae. Though such a fusion of mesonotum occurs in other Cynipoidea, e.g. in species of th e genus Neuroterus H a r t., nevertheless Figs A n ach aris ensifer W a lk. (H olotype of S y n a p sis aqu isgran en sis F o r s t.). 1 m esonotum; 2 head and thorax, side view; 3 head, frontal v iew ; 4 abdomen, side view; 5 radial cell.

3 N otes on th e genus Prosynapsis 337 it is a lw a y s a c c o m p a n ie d w it h a d d it io n a l c h a r a c te r s d is t in g u is h in g t h e g e n u s fr o m r e la t e d o n e s. C o n tr a r y t o t h is a p a r t fr o m t h e fu s io n o f s c u te llu m a n d s c u tu m P. aquisgranensis ( F o r s t.) d o e s n o t sh o w a n y d iffe r e n c e s if c o m p a r e d m a le s p e c im e n s o f Anacharis ensifer W a l k. Head, in frontal aspect (Fig. 3), with th e genae strongly elongated, tru n cated a t th e end. Clypeus weakly marked, slightly em arginated in th e middle. Face convex, thickly haired (the hair in th e type-specimen partly rubbed off), punctate; th e subocular punctation fairly thick, in form of a stripe running from the eye to th e base of mandible. Mesopleurae (Fig. 2) glabrous, with a longi tudinal groove and a few short wrinkles in th e anterior portion. Posterior lateral pronotal lobes scarcely haired, glabrous. Abdomen (Fig. 4) with punctures, petiole glabrous, as long as th e hind coxa. Radial cell (Fig. 5) closed, first abscissa, of th e radial vein somewhat shorter th a n th e second one (ratio 5:7). Body length of th e type-specimen 2.7 mm ( F o r s t e r gives 3 mm). I t is worth noticing th a t P. aquisgranensis ( F o r s t.) was recorded only from Aachen and only th e holotype of it has been known. Moreover, no other species of Prosynapsis ( = Synapsis) have ever been described. Taking the above under consideration, th e w riter is of th e opinion th a t th e holotype of P. aquisgranansis ( F o r s t.) belongs to Anacharis ensifer W a l k. The peculiar structure of th e mesonotum is a m onstrosity originated during th e individual development. Thus, th e specific name Synapsis aquisgranensis F o r s t e r, 1869 should bo treated as a junior subjective synonym of Acharis ensifer W a l k e r, 1835, and the generic names Synapsis F o r s t e r, 1869 and Prosynapsis D a l l a T o r r e et K i e f f e r, 1910 as junior subjective synonyms of Anacharis D a l m a n, The genus Anacharis D a l m. is Holarctic in distribution. Owing t o a poor knowledge of it, the num ber of species is difficult to determine. Six species have been recorded from Europe and presumably all of them occur in Poland, though only one, A. ensifer W7ALK., has been hitherto known from this country. The larvae of Anacharis species are parasites of th e larvae and pupae of various Neuroptera, especially the Hcmcrobiidae. w it h Species of Anacharis D a l m. occurring in Poland Anacharis eucharioides ( D a l m a n, 1818). A European species, new to th e Polish fauna. M a teria l. Szczecin P rov.: Wolin, 21 VII 1914, 1 $; 31 VII 1914, 1 S, coll. E. H a n a u. Warszawa Prov.: Puszcza Kampinoska (Kampinos Forest); Warszawa (10 sites). Nowy Sącz Prov.: Muszyna, 20 VII, 1 ex coll. E. N i e z a b i t o w s k a. This species was common in W arszawa and th e Kampinos F orest; it was collected with a sweep net and th e yellow Moericke s traps hanged in tree crowns of Betula verrucosa E h eh., Alnus glutinosa (L.) G a e r t n., Carpinus

4 338 E. K ieryck betulus L., Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata M il l., Acer sp., Aesculus hippocasłanum L. and Pinus silvestris L. Imagines from the end of April to the end of October. Anacliaris typica W a l k e r, Reported from Great Britain, F. R. Germany, Austria, the European p a rt of the USSR, and Georgia. New to th e Polish fauna. M aterial. Szczecin Prov.: Bielinek, 3 IX 1963, 1<J; Piaski near Chojna, 14 VIII 1964, Warszawa Prov.: Kampinos Forest and adjacent meadows at Łomna; Miłosna (coll. J. S a w o n ie w ic z ) ; Warszawa (9 sites). Lublin Prov.: Gościeradów, 1 IX 1971, 1 o, coll. J. S a w o n 'ie w ic z. Jelenia Góra Prov.: Pilchowice near Wleń, 21 VII 1961, 1 3- Krosno Prov.: Pszczeliny, 7 VII 1969, 1 3 ; Bereżki, 3 VII 1969, 1 3- Rzeszów Prov.: Widełki, Wielka Polana, 9 VII 1969, 2 $$; Komańcza, 12 VIII 1973, 1?, coli.,1. S a w o n i e w i c z. A common species reared from Hemerobius nervosus F. Dr. J. S a w o n ie w icz reared it from the pupae of Boriomyia nebulosa (S tro m.) (det. W. Cz e c h o w s k a ). Anacliaris immunis W a lk e r, A European species, new to th e Polish fauna. M aterial. Warszawa Prov.: Kampinos Forest; Warszawa (10 sites) Białystok Prov.: Białystok, reared from N europtera cocoons taken by J. S a w o n i e w i c z on a trunk of Alnus glutinosa (L.) G a r t n. Skierniewice Prov.: Rogów near Koluszki, 12 V 1968, I o, coll. J. S a w o n i e w i c z. Krosno Prov.: Zatwarnica, 13 VI 1970, 1 3, coll. B. P i s a r s k i. In Warszawa and the Kampinos Forest very common; it was collected with a sweep net and th e yellow- traps. Imagines from May to October. Anacliaris ensifer W a l k e r, Recorded from Sweden, Finland, Great Britain, F. R. Germany, Austria and Ukraine. It was already reported by B r i s c i l k e (1882) from certain undeterm ined places in northern Poland. M aterial. Szczecin Prov.: Wolin, 26 VII 1914, 1?; 31 VII 1914, 1 coll. E. I I a n a u. Warszawa Prov.: Kampinos Forest; Warszawa (9 sites). Lublin Prov.: Lublin, 28 V 1964, 1 3, coll. R. B i e l a w s k i ; Gościeradów, 1 IX 1971, 1 $, coll. J. S a w o n i e w i c z. Jelenia Góra Prov.: Radomierz, 24 VI 1961, 1 3 ; Sokole Góry near Karpniki, 8 VII 1962, 1?. Legnica Prov.: Połom near Wojcieszów. 23 VII 1961, 1 3 Bielsko-Biała Prov.: Żywiec, in a park, 3 9 X Nowy Sącz Prov.: Pieniny Mts., Polana Wyrobek, 1 $ reared from a cocoon taken on 26 II 1975 by J. S a w o n ie w -ic z. In larval stage A. ensifer W a l k, parasitizes in the larvae and pupae of Neuroptera and has been noted from Hemerobius nervosus F. and Boriomyia subnebulosa (S t e p i l ). In Warszawa and Kampinos Forest commonly collected from the yellow traps. From May to October.

5 Notes on the genus Prosynapsis 339 LITERATURE A s h m e a d W. H Classification of the gall-wasps and the parasitic cynipoids, or the superfamily Cynipoidea. I. Psycho, Cambridge, Mass., 10 (321): B ates H. W Notes on Genera and Species of Copridae. In: H a r o l d E. v. Coleopt. Hefte, 4: B elizin V. I Orechotvorki (Hymenoptera, Gynipidae) fauny SSSR i sopredelnych stran. Ent. Obozr., Moskva-Leningrad, 31: B elizin V. I Novye Figitidae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea) fauny SSSR. Ent. Obozr., Moskva-Leningrad, 40: B o u ć e k Z nadeeled Zlabatky Cynipoidea. In: Klić zvireny ĆSR, 2. Praha, 746 pp., 700 ff. D a l l a Torre C. G Gynipidae. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusquo descriptoruin system aticus et synonymicus, 2. Lipsiae, VIII pp. D alla Torre K. W., K ieffer J. J Gynipidae. Das Tierreicli, 24. Berlin, X X X pp., 422 ff. D a lm a n J. W Analecta Entomologica cum tabulis lvr aeneis. Holmiae, VII pp. F o r s t e r A Ueber die Gallwespen. Verli. zool.-bot. Ver., Wien, 19: I T e l l ź n W Ubersieht der Ibaliinen und Figitinen Filmlands (H ym., Cyn.). Notulae ent., Helsingfors, 17 (2): I o n e s c u M. A Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea. Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania, Insecta, 9 (fasc. 6). Bucuroęti, 290 pp., 86 ff. K ieffer J. J Die Gallwespen (Cynipiden) Mitteleuropas, insbesondere Deutschlands. In: Die Insekten Mitteleuropas insbesondere Deutschlands. 3 (3). Ilymenopteren. Stuttgart: K i e r y c i i E Galasówkowate Cynipoidea. Catalogus faunae Poloniao, 24 (2). Warszawa, 103 pp. W eld L. H Cynipoidea {Ilym.) Ann Arbor (Michigan), 351 pp., 224 ff. Instytut Zoologii PAN Wilcza Warszawa, Poland STRESZCZENIE [T y tu ł: U w a g i o rod za ju Prosynapsis D. T. e t K i e f f. ( = Synapsis F ó r s t.) oraz g a tu n k i z ro d za ju Anacharis D a l m. w y stę p u ją c e w P o lsc e (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Anacharitidae)] Okaz typowy Synapsis aquisgranensis F o r s t e r, 1869 należy do gatunku Anacharis ensifer W a l k e r, Niezwykła budowa mesonotum tego okazu jest wynikiem zniekształcenia powstałego w rozwoju osobniczym. Nazwa gatunkow a Synapsis aquisgranensis F o r st e r, 1869 jest więc młodszym synonimem nazwy Anacharis ensifer W a l k e r, 1835, a nazwy rodzajowe Synapsis F o r s t e r, 1869 i Prosynapsis D a l l a T o r r e et K i e f f e r, 1910 (nazwa zastępcza

6 340 E. K iery ch zamiast preokupowanej nazwy Synapsis F o rst.) są młodszymi synonimami nazwy rodzajowej Anacharis D alm an, W Polsce występują cztery gatunki należące do rodzaju Anacharis D alm., mianowicie A. eucharioides (D alm.) (Pobrzeże Bałtyku, Nizina Mazowiecka, Beskid Zachodni), A. iypica W a l k. (Pojezierze Pomorskie, Nizina Mazowiecka, W yżyna Lubelska, Sudety Zachodnie, Bieszczady), A. immunis W a l k. (Nizina Mazowiecka, Podlasie, W yżyna Małopolska, Bieszczady) i A. ensifer W a lk. (Pobrzeże Bałtyku, Nizina Mazowiecka, W yżyna Lubelska, Sudety Zachodnie, Beskid Zachodni, Pieniny). PE3KDME [3arjiaBne: 3aMenaHHH o poê Prosynapsis D. T. et K ie f f. ( = Synapsis F o r s t.) h bh^li poâ Anacharis D a lm. BCTpenaioumecB b IIojiBuie] TunoBOH 3K3eMnjiap Synapsis aguisgranensis F o r s t., 1869 o t h o c h t c h k Bimy Anacharis ensifer WALK., HeoóbiaaHHoe crpoemie Me30H0TyM y 3Toro 3K3eMiuiapa BBjnieTCB pe3yjii>tatom aeôpmamm, KOTopaa B03HHKJia b npouecce nh/uibr/tyajibhoro pa3bhtiia. TaKHM o6pa30m, BUHOBoe Ha3Baime Synopsis aguisgranensis F o r s t., 1869 a B jia et c a M Jiaflm um cyóbektiibhbim c h h o h h m o m H a3bah na Anacharis ensifer W alk., 1835, a poôbtie Ha3BaHtra Synapsis F o r s t., 1869 h ProsynapsisD. T. et K ie f f., 1910 (Ha- 3BaHiie BBe/iemioe b m c c to npeokynupobanhoro Ha3BamiH Synapsis F or ST.) h b jib io tc h MJiaûniMH cy6i>ekthbhbimm CHHOHHMaMM Ha3BaHH«Anacharis D a lm., B IloJibme BCTpenaeTca 4 BHwa H3 poâ Anacharis D a lm., a h m c h h o : A. eucharioides (D a lm.), A. typica W a lk., A. immunis W a lk. h A. ensifer W a lk. Redaktor pracy prof. dr J. Nast