Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2016, 17(1), p.12-24 Analyi of the performance tet reult of young pure breed boar from the Bydgozcz breeding region in Poland Analiza wyników oceny przyŝyciowej knurków czyto raowych pochodzących z bydgokiego okręgu hodowlanego w Polce DOI: 10.5513/JCEA01/17.1.1662 GraŜyna MICHALSKA*, Jerzy NOWACHOWICZ, Tomaz BUCEK and Przemyław Dariuz WASILEWSKI Univerity of Science and Technology, Department of Animal Product Evaluation, ul. Kordeckiego 20, 85-225 Bydgozcz, Poland, e-mail: urzwierz@utp.edu.pl *correpondence Abtract The aim of preented paper wa analyi of the performance tet reult of young pure breed boar coming from The Bydgozcz Breeding Region (located in Poland in Kujawy-Pomorze Province). The reearch covered the reult concerning 4190 young boar of following breed: Polih Large White, Polih Landrace, Hamphire, Duroc and Pietrain. Young pure breed boar were performance teted in 2009 and 2010 in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region according to the actual methodology. Among young pure breed boar performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region in teted year animal of Hamphire breed had the higher growth rate. The pig of Pietrain breed had the highet meat content. Regarding to the mot important parameter of performance tet, i.e. election inde in analyzed year 2009 and 2010 the bet reult had young boar of Hamphire then Pietrain, Duroc, PLW and PL. Keyword: daily gain of body weight, meat content, performance tet, election inde, young pure breed boar Abtrakt Celem prezentowanej pracy była analiza wyników oceny przyŝyciowej knurków czyto raowych pochodzących z bydgokiego okręgu hodowlanego (zlokalizowanego w Polce, w woj. kujawko-pomorkim). Badaniami objęto wyniki dotyczące 4190 knurków ra: wielkiej białej polkiej, polkiej białej zwiłouchej, hamphire, duroc i pietrain. Knurki zotały poddane ocenie przyŝyciowej w 2009 i 2010 r. w bydgokim okręgu hodowlanym według aktualnej metodyki. Spośród knurków czyto raowych ocenionych przyŝyciowo w bydgokim okręgu hodowlanym w badanych latach zwierzęta ray hamphire odznaczały ię najwiękzym tempem wzrotu. Świnie ray pietrain charakteryzowały ię najwiękzą mięnością. Pod względem najwaŝniejzego parametru oceny przyŝyciowej, tj. indeku elekcyjnego w analizowanych latach 2009 i 2010 najlepze wyniki uzykały knurki ray hamphire, natępnie pietrain, duroc, wbp i pbz. 12
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From T... Słowa kluczowe: indek elekcyjny, knurki czyto raowe, mięność, ocena przyŝyciowa, przyrot dobowy may ciała Strezczenie zczegółowe Znaczący potęp wartości hodowlanej trzody chlewnej w zakreie uŝytkowości tucznej i rzeźnej natąpił na kutek prac hodowlanych prowadzonych na podtawie oceny przyŝyciowej. Wyniki tej oceny ą jednym z podtawowych kryteriów w pracach elekcyjnych nad trzodą chlewną przy wyborze zwierząt do tad hodowlanych i produkcyjnych. Bydgoki okręg hodowlany zlokalizowany jet w woj. kujawko-pomorkim i w produkcji świń zajmuje czołowe miejce w Polce, a produkowane na jego terenie knurki i lozki oddziałują na poziom uŝytkowości tego gatunku zwierząt w kraju. Celem pracy była analiza wyników oceny przyŝyciowej knurków czyto raowych przeprowadzonej w latach 2009 i 2010, pochodzących z Polki, z bydgokiego okręgu hodowlanego. Analizą tatytyczną objęto wyniki oceny 4190 knurków: wielkiej białej polkiej (wbp), polkiej białej zwiłouchej (pbz), hamphire, duroc i pietrain. Knurki zotały poddane ocenie przyŝyciowej w 2009 i 2010 roku w bydgokim okręgu hodowlanym według aktualnej, zmodyfikowanej metodyki, która przy obliczaniu indeku elekcyjnego uwzględnia przyrot dobowy may ciała oraz procentową zawartość mięa w ciele, tandaryzowaną na 180. dzień. Statytyczne opracowanie wyników przeprowadzono toując jednoczynnikową analizę wariancji ANOVA. Poługiwano ię programem komputerowym Statitica 8.0 PL. Przyrot dobowy may ciała tandaryzowany na 180. dzień Ŝycia knurków pochodzących ze wzytkich badanych grup wynoił średnio w 2009 r. 703 g a w 2010 r. 684 g. Najwiękzym tempem wzrotu w obu badanych latach, tj. w 2009 i 2010 odznaczały ię świnie hamphire (odpowiednio 787 i 809 g) oraz duroc (odpowiednio 764 i 731 g). RóŜnice pomiędzy tymi grupami zwierząt a oobnikami ra wbp, pbz i pietrain były tatytycznie wyoko itotne i itotne. RóŜnice w przyroście dobowym may ciała w 2009 roku pomiędzy najlepzą grupą, tj. hamphire a pozotałymi badanymi raami zwierząt wynoiły odpowiednio (w g): 23 (duroc), 80 (wbp), 91 (pbz) i 92 (pietrain), natomiat w 2010 roku między tą amą raą świń, czyli hamphire a innymi grupami zwierząt kztałtowały ię w poób natępujący: 78 (duroc), 115 (wbp), 134 (pbz), 139 (pietrain) i okazały ię tatytycznie wyoko itotne. Średnia mięność, czyli zawartość mięa w ciele wzytkich knurków czyto raowych ocenionych przyŝyciowo w bydgokim okręgu hodowlanym w 2009 roku wynoiła 59,6% a w 2010 r. była wyŝza o 0,4% i kztałtowała ię na poziomie 60,0%. Najwiękzą tandaryzowaną zawartością mięa w ciele w obu analizowanych latach charakteryzowały ię zwierzęta ray pietrain - 63,1%. Natępne w kolejności były knurki ra hamphire i duroc oraz wbp i pbz. RóŜnice pomiędzy świniami ray pietrain a knurkami pozotałych grup okazały ię tatytycznie wyoko itotne. NajwaŜniejzym parametrem oceny przyŝyciowej świń jet indek elekcyjny określający uŝytkowość właną zwierząt. Średnia wartość indeku elekcyjnego wzytkich badanych knurków w 2009 r. kztałtowała ię na poziomie 114 pkt., natomiat w 2010 r. wynoiła 113 pkt., a więc nieznacznie obniŝyła ię (o 1,0 pkt.). NajwyŜzą jego wartością odznaczały ię zwierzęta hamphire, w 2009 r - 128 pkt. i w 2010 r. - 129 pkt., a róŝnice pomiędzy tą grupą zwierząt a pozotałymi zotały potwierdzone na poziomie itotności P 0,01. Natępne w kolejności pod względem wartości indeku elekcyjnego w badanych latach, tj. 2009 i 2010 były knurki pietrain (121 pkt. i 118 pkt.), duroc (119 pkt. i 117 13
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From T... pkt.), wbp (116 pkt. i 115 pkt.) oraz pbz (112 pkt. i 111 pkt.). RóŜnice dotyczące indeku elekcyjnego wyraŝone w punktach w 2009 roku między najlepzą 3 grupą, tj. hamphire a pozotałymi raami świń wynoiły od 7,0 (pietrain, grupa 5) do 16,0 (pbz, grupa 2), równieŝ w 2010 roku wytąpiły podobne tendencje, gdyŝ róŝnice pomiędzy knurkami hamphire a innymi grupami zwierząt wynoiły od 11,0 (pietrain, grupa 5) do 18,0 (pbz, grupa 2). Porównując wyniki z 2009 i 2010 r. moŝna twierdzić, Ŝe indek elekcyjny u świń ray pietrain zmniejzył ię o 3,0 pkt. W przypadku knurków wbp, pbz i duroc zmniejzył ię takŝe, ale w mniejzym topniu, gdyŝ tylko o 1,0; 1,0 i 2,0 pkt. Jedynie u zwierząt ray hamphire zwiękzył ię o 1,0 pkt. Introduction Significant progre of the breeding value of pig in the range of fattening and laughter performance occurred a a reult of breeding work carried out on the bai of the performance tet (RóŜycki 1999, 2003, 2004). The reult of thi evaluation are one of the main criteria in the election work over the pig in the election of animal for breeding and producing herd (Buczyńki et al. 1999, Grudniewka 1998, Milewka and Eljaiak 1997, RóŜycki 1998, 1999). Performance tet ha a unique role in the conducted election, epecially male individual, becaue from their breeding value depend largely on the productivity of breeding and ma livetock. Therefore a comparative tet are needed that eek to know the characteritic of each breed young boar and line of pig and their croe variant (Buczyńki et al. 1999, Czarnecki 1999 a, b, Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010, 2011, Michalka 1996, Michalka and Nowachowicz 2000, 2002, Michalka et al. 1998, 2000, RóŜycki 1995, RóŜycki et al. 1980, 1986). Performance tet in Poland, including The Bydgozcz Breeding Region, cover nowaday young boar of following pure breed: Polih Large White, Polih Landrace, Hamphire, Duroc, Pietrain, ynthetic Line 990 and young two-breed crobred boar reultant from their reciprocal croing (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010, 2011). The Bydgozcz Breeding Region i located in Kujawy-Pomorze Province and ha a leading poition in pig production in Poland and produced there young boar and gilt impact on the utility level of thee animal in the country. The reult of performance tet of pig breed in the country and the particular region of Poland are divered and change in following year of conducting the performance tet, therefore they hould be monitored (Buczyńki et al. 1999, 2001, Czarnecki et al. 1999 a b, Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010, 2011, Fandrejewki et al. 2001, Michalka 1996, Michalka and Nowachowicz 2000, 2002, Michalka et al. 2000, 2004, 2006 a, b, 2010, Milewka and Falkowki 2001, RóŜycki 1999, 2003, 2004). The modification of the performance tet of farm animal wa introduced from 1 t October 2004 to increae the accuracy of aement and reulted from the need to take into account the current value of the genetic population of pig in our country (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010, 2011). It conited of the introduction of new model and equation to tandardize daily gain and aeing the percentage of meat in the body of pig. Alo were introduced the tandardized backfat thickne meaurement and height of the loin eye to a contant weight 110 kg and tandardization of the equation that etimate the percentage of meat in the body to a contant age - 180 day of animal life (Szyndler-Nędza et al. 2010 a). Since the introduction of modified performance tet definitely changed the breeding pig 14
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From T... population in our country. Therefore, the authoritie of The Polih Aociation of Breeder and Producer of Pig "POLSUS" decided to venture tep to verify that introduced in 2004 to tandardize the meaurement performance tet model work properly. For thi purpoe, in agreement with the Intitute of Animal Production, wa developed a teting methodology of young boar and gilt in breeding farm. The additional evaluation will cover young boar and gilt from elected herd of following breed: PLW, PL, Duroc and Pietrain from about 140 to 210 day of age. The aim of the preent tudy wa to analyze the reult of performance tet of the pure breed young boar carried out between 2009 and 2010, from Poland, from The Bydgozcz Breeding Region. Material and Method The tatitical analyi covered the reult of 4190 young pure breed boar of Polih Large White (PLW), Polih Landrace (PL), Hamphire, Duroc and Pietrain. Young boar were performance teted in year 2009 and 2010 in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region covered Kujawy-Pomorze Province with accordance to actual, modified methodology that to the calculation of the election inde include daily weight gain tandardized on 180 th day and the percentage body meat content (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2011). Backfat thickne meaurement in P 2 and P 4 point and the height of loin eye in P 4 point were made by ultraonic apparatu PIGLOG 105 on a live animal. In order to increae the accuracy of the evaluation and elimination of difference reulting from the meaurement on animal at different their body weight, tandardization of fat thickne and loin eye height to body weight of 110 kg i made. Standardization of particular meaurement wa made according to the obligatory formula (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2011): P 2t = 15.15084P 2 0.112345Z + 2.79289 P 4t = 14.32432P 4 0.100311Z + 3.29011 P 4 M t = 47.556226P 4 M 0.1392866Z + 32.2347 where: P 2t - backfat thickne meaured in P 2 point tandardized on 110 kg of body weight, P 4t - backfat thickne meaured in P 4 point tandardized on 110 kg of body weight, P 4 M t height of loin eye tandardized on 110 kg of body weight, Z body weight on the tet day. Backfat thickne meaurement in P 2 and P 4 point and the height of loin eye in P 4 point were made on the right ide of the animal. On the bae of tandardized backfat thickne and loin mucle meaurement percentage body meat content wa calculated according to the formula: 15
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From T... M B (%) = -0.4776P 2t 0.4593P 4t + 0.3486P 4 M t + 48.9829 In order to eliminate the difference caued by evaluation the animal of different age percentage body meat content wa tandardized at the age of 180 day according to the formula (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2011): X 2 = 53.564 M -0.0004W 2 + 0.0621W + 55.346 where: X 2 percentage body meat content tandardized on 180 day of life, M percentage meat content, etimated on the tet day on the bae of backfat thickne and loin eye meaurement tandardized on 110 kg of body weight (M B lub M P ), W age of animal on the tet day. Standardized daily gain of body weight and tandardized percentage body meat content are the bae for etimation of the election inde that i the end reult of performance tet. The formula of performance tet election indice were a follow (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2011): for maternal line: I M = 0.1556X 1 + 3.1023X 2 179.4935 for paternal line: I O = 0.1364 X 1 + 4.7820X 2 275.5944 where: X 1 daily gain tandardized on 180 day of life, X 2 percentage meat content etimated on the bai of tandardized meaurement of backfat thickne and mucle to 110 kg, then tandardized on 180 th day of life. The reult were tatitically elaborated uing one-way variance analyi ANOVA. Computer program Statitica 8.0 PL (2008) wa ued. Reult and Dicuion Table 1 and 2 give the number of young pure breed boar in 5 teted group and preent the reult of performance tet including growth and laughter trait and the election inde value. 16
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From The Bydgozcz Breeding Region In Poland Table 1. The reult of performance tet of pure breed young boar in year 2009 Tabela 1. Wyniki oceny przyŝyciowej knurków czyto raowych w 2009 roku Trait PLW 1 PL 2 Hamphire 3 Group Duroc 4 Pietrain 5 Total Significance of difference P 0.01 P 0.05 Number (pc.) 689 1676 17 131 145 2658 Age on tet day (day) 178 15 173 14 173 16 173 18 180 18 175 15-5-2,3,4 Body weight on tet day (kg) 122.9 12.9 116.4 12.8 135.2 10.9 127.2 11.48 122.9 17.18 119.1 13.6 1-2,3; 2-3,4,5 3-4,5 - Daily gain of body weight tandardized on 180th day (g) 707 120 696 108 787 74 764 116 695 124 703 113 1,2,5-3,4 - Standardized backfat thickne in P 2 point (mm) 9.00 1.86 9.39 1.84 7.34 1.20 8.18 1.71 7.50 1.77 9.12 1.90 1,2-3,4,5 4-3,5 Standardized backfat thickne in P 4 point (mm) 8.85 1.74 9.36 1.65 7.82 0.56 8.46 1.53 7.72 1.64 9.09 1.72 1-3,5; 2-3,4,5 4-3,5 Standardized height of loin eye (mm) 55.0 3.9 56.0 3.9 57.8 2.5 57.0 4.4 59.1 4.94 56.0 4.1 1-3,4,5; 2-3,5 4-5 - Standardized body meat content (%) 59.7 1.9 59.2 1.8 61.6 1.1 60.6 1.9 63.1 1.8 59.6 2.1 1,2-3,4,5; 3-4,5 4-5 - Performance tet election inde (point) 116 21 112 19 128 8 119 16 121 15 114 19 3-1,2,4 5-2,3 17
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From The Bydgozcz Breeding Region In Poland Table 2. The reult of performance tet of pure breed young boar in year 2010 Tabela 2. Wyniki oceny przyŝyciowej knurków czyto raowych w 2010 roku Trait PLW 1 PL 2 Hamphire 3 Group Duroc 4 Pietrain 5 Total Significance of difference P 0.01 P 0.05 Number (pc.) 595 1429 20 126 82 2252 Age on tet day (day) 179 14 178 15 159 5 173 16 181 17 178 15 3-1,2,4,5; 4-5 4-1,2 Body weight on tet day (kg) 122.1 11.3 118.1 11.8 120.0 6.1 121.6 11.8 119.0 10.7 119.4 11.7 - - Daily gain of body weight tandardized on 180th day (g) 694 90 675 95 809 41 731 108 670 101 684 96 3-1,2,4,5; 4-2,5 1-4 Standardized backfat thickne in P 2 point (mm) 8.98 2.16 9.31 1.93 7.32 0.88 7.77 1.63 7.58 2.27 9.06 2.04 1,2-3,4,5 - Standardized backfat thickne in P 4 point (mm) 9.19 1.77 9.47 1.69 8.44 0.97 8.36 1.39 7.82 2.04 9.26 1.75 1,2-3,4,5 3-5 Standardized height of loin eye (mm) 56.0 4.2 56.3 4.3 62.2 1.3 58.3 4.7 59.8 6.6 56.5 4.5 1,2-3,4,5 3-4,5 4-5 Standardized body meat content (%) 60.0 2.0 59.7 2.0 61.5 0.7 61.2 1.9 63.1 1.9 60.0 2.1 1,2-3,4,5 5-3,4 - Performance tet election inde (point) 115 17 111 17 129 7 117 18 118 12 113 17 3-1,2,4,5 2-4,5 18
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From T... Among young boar performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region the mot numerou were animal of Polih Landrace breed (in 2009-1676 pc., in 2010-1429 pc.), then Polih Large White (in 2009-689 pc. and in 2010-595 pc.). Among the remaining breed, ued a paternal component, the mot numerou in 2009 were young boar of Pietrain breed (145 pc.) and in 2010 Duroc individual (126 pc.), then animal of Duroc breed teted in 2009 131 pc. and in 2010 Pietrain pig (82 pc.). The leat numerou group in analyzed year, thu 2009 and 2010 were young boar of Hamphire breed, 17 and 20 pc., repectively. The younget on the performance tet day in 2009 were young boar from PL, Hamphire and Duroc breed (173 day). The oldet were animal of Pietrain breed (180 day) and the difference between them and the remaining group, ecept PLW were tatitically ignificant. Similarly in 2010 Hamphire pig were the younget (159 day) - P 0.01 and young boar of Pietrain breed (181 day) were the oldet on the performance tet day and the difference between them and the remaining group of animal were verified a tatitically high ignificant and ignificant (Table 1 and 2). The highet body weight on the performance tet day in 2009 had Hamphire young boar 135 kg, then Duroc, PLW and Pietrain, the lowet had pig of PL breed (116 kg). Between the Hamphire animal and the pig from remaining group in range of thi trait tatitically high ignificant difference occurred. In 2010 the order of young boar in range of above mentioned trait wa another and haped a follow: PLW and Duroc (122 kg), Hamphire (120 kg), Pietrain (119 kg) and PL (118 kg). However, the difference of body weight between particular group were not a high a in 2009 and were not tatitically confirmed. Daily gain of body weight tandardized on 180 th day of life of young pure breed boar of all teted group amounted in 2009-703 g and in 2010 684 g, averagely. The highet growth rate in both teted year i.e. in 2009 and 2010 had Hamphire pig (787 and 809 g, repectively) and Duroc (764 and 731 g, repectively). The difference between thee group of animal and PLW, PL and Pietrain individual were tatitically high ignificant and ignificant Table 1 and 2. The difference in daily gain of body weight in 2009 between the bet group Hamphire and the remaining teted group of animal were (in g): 23 (Duroc), 80 (PLW), 91 (PL) and 92 (Pietrain), repectively. However, in 2010 between the ame pig breed (Hamphire) and other group of animal haped a follow: 78 (Duroc), 115 (PLW), 134 (PL), 139 (Pietrain) and were tatitically high ignificant. In the previou reearch of Michalka et al. (1998, 2000, 2010), Milewka and Falkowki (2001) and Milewka and Grudniewka (1999) alo higher growth rate of young boar of Duroc breed a compared to the other performance teted breed of pig wa noticed. In preented reearch the reult of other author were confirmed, which oberved that the daily gain of body weight of pig of Pietrain breed wa lower a compared to the other breed of pig (Czarnecki et al. 1999 a, b, Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010, 2011, Michalka et al. 1998, RóŜycki 1997). It hould be recognized, that in young boar performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region in year 2009 the growth rate of pure breed pig (ecept PLW and PL) wa higher from animal teted in the whole country and the difference epreed in gram amounted 65 (Hamphire), 54 (Duroc) and 15 (Pietrain), repectively (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010). Analyzing the reult obtained from young boar teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region in 2010 it hould be tated, that the daily gain of body weight of PLW, Hamphire, Duroc and Pietrain animal 19
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From T... wa higher by 5, 128, 41 and 16 g, but PL pig lower by 15 g from the country average value (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2011). Standardized backfat thickne in P 2 and P 4 point of all young boar performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region in year 2009 haped at the imilar level and amounted 9.1 and 9.1 mm, repectively (Table 1 and 2). In year 2010 the imilar reult were 9.1 and 9.3 mm. The mot favourable reult of tandardized backfat thickne in P 2 and P 4 point in analyzed year had young boar of Hamphire, Pietrain and Duroc breed and the difference between them and young boar of PLW and PL breed were generally tatitically high ignificant. Regarding to the average reult of all young pure breed boar performance teted in Poland in 2009 and 2010 it may be noticed that the thinnet backfat had young boar of Pietrain breed (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010, 2011). The tandardized height of loin eye of all teted young boar meaured in P 4 point (Table 1 and 2) regarding to the reult in teted year (2009 and 2010) wa on average 56.0 and 56.5 mm, repectively. The mot favourable the height of loin eye meaured in P 4 point haped in Pietrain boar (59.1 mm) performance teted in 2009 but in 2010 in Hamphire animal (62.2 mm, P 0.01). The lowet height of loin eye in analyzed year (2009 and 2010) had young boar of PLW breed (55.0 and 56.0, repectively) and the difference between thi group and the young boar of Pietrain, Hamphire and Duroc breed were tatitically high ignificant. The height of loin eye of young boar performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region in 2009 comparing to the country reult wa higher in Duroc pig but lower in PLW, PL, Hamphire and Pietrain (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010). In 2010 in pig performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region regarding to the average value of pig in Poland in range of the analyzed trait the more favourable reult wa oberved in young boar of Hamphire and Duroc breed cloe to PL and Pietrain and the ame a in PLW animal (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2011). The average meat content, thu the body meat content of all pure breed young boar performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region in 2009 amounted 59.6% and in 2010 wa higher by 0.4% and haped at the level of 60.0%. The highet tandardized body meat content in both analyzed year had animal of Pietrain breed 63.1%. The net were young boar of Hamphire and Duroc breed and PLW and PL breed. The difference between the pig of Pietrain breed and the young boar of the remaining group were tatitically high ignificant. In another tudie (Czarnecki et al. 1999 a, Michalka et al. 2004, 2006 b, 2010, Rak et al. 1993) pig of Pietrain breed had higher meat content a compared to the animal of teted breed. The Pietrain animal due to their outtanding meat content are ued in croing program in many European countrie (Arent et al. 1988, Czarnecki et al. 1999 a, b, Michalka et al. 1998, Milewka and Falkowki 2001, Rak et al. 1993). Young boar performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region in 2009 had a lightly wore body meat content in the PLW and PL breed comparing to the average value in the whole country, however a lightly better in Hamphire, Duroc and Pietrain animal (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010). In 2010 it wa oberved that the value of teted trait in the young boar performance teted in the Bydgozcz region toward the country reult wa higher in Duroc, lightly better in PLW and PL pig and a lightly lower in Hamphire and Pietrain animal (Eckert and Szyndler- Nędza 2011). 20
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From T... It i worth noticing that one of the mot important characteritic of each quantitative trait, and thu alo the characteritic taken into account in the performance tet i heritability (RóŜycki 1998). Indicator of heritability (h 2 ) i ued to predict reliable aement of breeding (genetic) value on the bai of phenotypic value. Trait of a low heritability are difficult to improve by election. The highet h 2 have the trait that from a biological point of view are le important in realizing reproductive function, eg. meat trait. RóŜycki (1998) on the bae of reearch of other author give heritability indicator of ome performance trait of pig, eg. daily gain of body weight, average backfat thickne from 5 meaurement and percentage meat content in primary cut, which were 0.30; 0.45 and 0.46, repectively. In the reearch of Wolf et al. (2005) the highet heritability haping at the level from 0.30 to 0.37 depending on the breed and model ued wa etimated for the lean meat content. The heritability for average daily gain wa relatively low and ranged from 0.13 to 0.18. The important direction for improving the performance tet wa earching for particular trait, which hould characterize by a high heritability coefficient and were correlated with the meat content of animal (Klima et al. 2004, Schinckel et al., 2001, Szyndler-Nędza et al. 2010 b). The mot important parameter of the performance tet of pig i the election inde determining the own utility of animal. The average value of the election inde of all teted young boar in 2009 haped at the level of 114 point, however in 2010 amounted 113 point, thu lightly decreaed (by 1.0 point). The highet it value had Hamphire animal, in 2009 128 point and in 2010 129 point. The difference between thi group of animal and the remaining were confirmed at the level of ignificance P 0.01. The net regarding to the election inde value in teted year i.e. 2009 and 2010 were young boar of Pietrain (121 point and 118 point), Duroc (119 point and 117 point), PLW (116 point and 115 point) and PL (112 point and 111 point). The difference concerning the election inde epreed in point in 2009 between the bet 3 group i.e. Hamphire and the remaining breed of pig amounted from 7.0 (Pietrain, group 5) up to 16.0 (PL, group 2). Alo in 2010 imilar trend occurred, becaue the difference between young boar of Hamphire and another group of animal were from 11.0 (Pietrain, group 5) up to 18.0 (PL, group 2). Comparing the reult from 2009 and 2010 it may be oberved that the election inde in pig of Pietrain breed decreaed by 3.0 point. In cae of young boar of PLW, PL and Duroc, alo decreaed, but to a lower degree becaue only by 1.0, 1.0 and 2.0 point. It increaed only in animal of Hamphire breed by 1.0 point (Table 1 and 2). The performance tet election inde of pure breed young boar performance teted in 2009 toward the average value in the country wa at higher level in Hamphire, Duroc and Pietrain animal, however at lightly lower level in PLW and PL (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2010). In young boar performance teted in the Bydgozcz Region in 2010 the value of thi trait comparing to the average value in Poland wa higher (imilarly a in the previou year) in Hamphire, Duroc and Pietrain animal, comparable in PLW and lower in PL pig (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2011). It hould be noted that in the previou own reearch (Michalka et al. 2006 a, 2010) it wa oberved, imilarly a in the preent paper, that within the pace of 10 year (1995-2004) an effective improvement of Hamphire young boar ha been done becaue the performance tet election inde increaed by 24.6 point. Alo it hould be emphaized that in range of the election inde, young boar of Hamphire breed 21
Michalka et al.: Analyi Of The Performance Tet Reult Of Young Pure Breed Boar From T... produced in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region obtained in 2010 better reult from the country average value by 19 point (Eckert and Szyndler-Nędza 2011). Summarizing obtained reult of reearch it hould be tated that among pure breed young boar performance teted in The Bydgozcz Breeding Region in year 2009 and 2010 animal of Hamphire breed had the highet growth rate. The Pietrain pig had the highet meat content. Regarding to the mot important parameter of performance tet, i.e. election inde in analyzed year 2009 and 2010 the bet reult had young boar of Hamphire then Pietrain, Duroc, PLW and PL. Analyzing the reult from the year 2009 and 2010 it wa oberved that a mall increae of the performance tet inde value wa only in cae of Hamphire young boar (by 1.0 point). In cae of the remaining group of teted animal a light decreae of the performance tet inde value ha been oberved. Reference Arent E., Pavlik J., Pulkrábek J., (1988) Poouzeni variability produkčnich znaku otcovkých plemen praat. Živočišna Výroba 33 (8), 707-714. Buczyńki J.T., Fajfer E., Panek A., Szulc K., (2001) Correlation between fattening and laughter trait meaured live after the firt and econd phae of rearing Polih Large White breeding gilt. Annal of Animal Science, Supplement, No. 1, 31-36. Buczyńki J., Panek A., Szulc K., Fajfer E., Lucińki P., (1999) Porównanie wyników oceny przyŝyciowej lozek róŝnych ra. Roczniki Naukowe Zootechniki, 3, 87-95. Czarnecki R., RóŜycki M., Kamyczek M., Kawęcka M., Owianny J., Pietruzka A., (1999 a) Wartość tuczna i mięna knurów ray duroc, pietrain i linii 990 oraz ich miezańców z uwzględnieniem krzyŝowania reciprokalnego. Międz. Konf. Nauk. Aktualne problemy w produkcji trzody chlewnej. Olztyn, 6 maja, 82. Czarnecki R., RóŜycki M., Kamyczek M., Kawęcka M., Udała J., Owianny J., Pietruzka A., (1999 b) Wzrot, mięność i wartość rozpłodowa młodych knurów linii 990 i ich miezańców z raą pietrain. Międz. Konf. Nauk. Stan oraz perpektywy produkcji yntetycznych linii świń oraz ich wykorzytanie w krzyŝowaniu. Pawłowice, 2-3 września, 33-39. Eckert R., Szyndler-Nędza M., (2010) Ocena przyŝyciowa młodych knurów. W: Stan hodowli i wyniki oceny świń w roku 2009. Intytut Zootechniki Kraków, XXVIII, 20-34. Eckert R., Szyndler-Nędza M., (2011) Ocena przyŝyciowa młodych knurów. W: Stan hodowli i wyniki oceny świń w roku 2010. Intytut Zootechniki Kraków, XXIX, 19-33. Fandrejewki H., Raj S., Weremko D., Skiba G., (2001) Zagadnienie apetytu u ronących świń z linii ojcowkich. Zezyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej Wrocław, Konferencje XXXI, 405, 53-61. Grudniewka B., (1998) Gopodarcze znaczenie świń. W: Hodowla i uŝytkowanie świń. pod red. B. Grudniewkiej, Wydawnictwo Akademii Rolniczo-Technicznej, Olztyn, 75-95. Klima R., Klimiene A., Rimkeviciu S., (2004) Efficiency of breeding pig election according to phenotypic evaluation of meatine. Veterinarija ir Zootechnika, 27 (49), 79-86. Michalka G., (1996) Efekt heterozji w zakreie cech uŝytkowości rozpłodowej, tucznej i rzeźnej w krzyŝowaniu dwuraowym protym świń belgijkiej zwiłouchej z wielką białą polką i duroc. ATR Bydgozcz, Rozprawy nr 76. 22
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