MASS HOUSING ESTATE. POLAND. WHAT NEXT?

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1 MASS HOUSING ESTATE. POLAND. WHAT NEXT? Habitat III - Regional Meeting, Europe PRAGUE March 2016 UN HABITAT FOR A BETTER URBAN FUTURE ANNA AGATA KANTAREK Assoc. Prof. DSc PhD arch. FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE CRACOW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY POLAND

2 HISTORY THE CHANGE DATAS, STUDY and RESEARCH BETTER STANDARD WHAT NEXT + PLOT TO PLOT URBANISM + WHAT NEXT

3 01 HISTORY

4 COMPARISION OF HOUSING ESTATE LAYOUTS 1928 WSM ŻOLIBORZ ESTATE, WARSAW B. S. BRUKALSCY 1949 NOWA HUTA Socialist City T. PTASZYCKI 1942 WSM RAKOWIEC, WARSAW project H. S. SYRKUSOWIE

5 COMPARISION OF HOUSING ESTATE LAYOUTS 1928 WSM ŻOLIBORZ ESTATE, WARSAW B. S. BRUKALSCY 1949 NOWA HUTA Socialist City T. PTASZYCKI 1942 WSM RAKOWIEC, WARSAW project H. S. SYRKUSOWIE

6 BIEŃCZYCE ESTATE, KRAKÓW Jadwiga Guzicka NOWE TYCHY 1962, Kazimierz, Hanna Wejchert PRZYCZÓŁEK GROCHOWSKI, WARSAW , Oskar, Zofia Hansen vertical segregation of pedestrian and cars, buildings with galleries 11 hectares, 2,330 apartments and 7 thousand residents LSC Linear Continuous System URSYNÓW, WARSAW Marek Budzyński &Team SARP competition from 1975 on overall composition residential streets

7 MASS HOUSING ESTATES types by its urban composition functionalism humanisedfunctionalism current landscape current romantic current monumental new schematic [Ostrowski, 1975] by building configuration 1. comb 2. block 3. nest 4. line 5. meander [Chmielewski, Mirecka, 2007]

8 02 THE CHANGE

9 o Political change, amendments to Constitution 1989, 1997, o Property Restitution after 1989 o 1994 Law on Spatial Planning o Conditions and Directions of the Spatial Management of a Commune MANDATORY AS A GENERAL DOCUMENT BUT NON-BINDING AS A LOCAL LAW o Local Spatial Management Plan LOCAL LAW BUT NOT OBLIGATORY o Single administrative decission by plot (not urban rules) AS AN ALTERNATIVE o Problems associated with a lack of planning and investment chaos o 2000, the establishment of the National Chamber of professional Town Planners (releaseed ) o 2004 Poland in the European Union o 2003 Law on Spatial Planning and Development and Building Law o Weakness of the planning system by fragmented local plans

10 o Local Law Act: Local Spatial Management Plans (MPZP) single administrative decision by plot (not urban rules) o In ,2 % of land had Local Spatial Management Plans (MPZP), o in ,9 % o Accidental mosaic of Local Spatial Management Plans (MPZP) without Masterplan continuity and point uncoordinated investments o EVERY USE, EVERYWHERE, FOREVER

11 o Local Law Act: Local Spatial Management Plans (MPZP) single administrative decision by plot (not urban rules) o In ,2 % of land had Local Spatial Management Plans (MPZP), o in ,9 % o Accidental mosaic of Local Spatial Management Plans (MPZP) without Masterplan continuity and point uncoordinated investments o EVERY USE, EVERYWHERE, FOREVER PLOT TO PLOT URBANISM

12 03 DATAS, STUDY and RESEARCH

13 % living in mass housing estates (over 60% in cities > inhabitants)

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16 KRAKOW PROGRAM FOR MHE REHABILITATION Kraków - Program miasta - rehabilitacja osiedli mieszkaniowych kul,dlaczego_rehabilitacja_osiedli_.html Jeżak J. (red.) Nejman M. Wierzchowski M., Wielokryterialna analiza dziewiętnastu osiedli zabudowy blokowej położonych ba terenie gminy miejskiej Kraków, Instytut Rozwoju Miast, Kraków, ,glowna.html pdf Adamski J. (red.) Gorczyca K., Jarczewski W., Jeżak J., Korecki D., Nejman M., Rydzik W., Węglowski M. Założenia Programu Rehabilitacji Zabudowy Blokowej Osiedli na terenie gminy miejskiej Kraków Urząd Miasta Krakowa, Instytut Rozwoju Miast w_pdfdoc.php?id=54693 Kobylarczyk J., Schneider-Skalska G., Haupt P., Racoń-Leja K., Sumlet W., Tor P. Diagnoza funkcjonalno-przestrzenna osiedli: Olsza II i Ugorek, cz. I i II, Wyd. Politechniki Krakowskiej, Kraków, % of city surface 20 % of city inhabitants

17 04 BETTER STANDARD

18 TECHNICAL STANDARD general repairs thermal insulation, windows security rebuilding of parts: balconies, entrances, lifts (as a basis for rehabilitation activities): FUNCTIONAL STANDARD roads and parkings shops gardens and greenery schools kindergardens culture centers (very rarely and not in a complex way):

19 05 WHAT NEXT + PLOT TO PLOT URBANISM + WHAT NEXT

20 05 WHAT NEXT + PLOT TO PLOT URBANISM

21 PLOT TO PLOT URBANISM

22 OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE

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24 PLOT TO PLOT URBANISM 1. MHE - PRIVATE OWNERSHIP INFILL KRAKOW Ruczaj MHE

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