24 2 2015 4 JOURNALOFNATURALDISASTERS Vol.24No.2 Apr.2015 :1004-4574(2015)02-0097-10 DOI 牶 10.13577/j.jnd.2015.0213!"#$%&' () *+, -./ 2013 07 0401,, ( 2 345 6,78 2 610081) :2013 7 49 18:;,. <= 3 >:?@A-./ B. 2013-07-04C?-./D E, 1 FGHI, A JKL)MN-./O PQ:R:ST 36.6mmOUSV?AWXC?-./,Y :T S D Z?WXC?-./[\]^; J3KL _` -./ab*oc,3 97 10 4 m 3 J c KL -./,WXC?-.//, T, / 751.0m 3 /s,870.1m 3 /s 758.7m 3 /s E JKL)MN-./O O O 2:-./; JKL;T S; ; 3456 :P642.23 789::A Formationmechanism anddisastercharacteristicsofdebrisflowsoriginated predominatelyfrom gulyerosion:takingthe2013 07 04clusted debrisflowsinshimiancountyasanexample NIHuayong,SONGZhi,XUWei (ChengduInstituteofGeologyandMineralResources,Chengdu610081,China) Abstract:Ataboutsixo clockp.m.onjuly4,2013,threedebrisflowsoccuredinhougouguly,majingziguly andxiongjiagulyinshimiancounty.basedonfieldinvestigation,mappingandremotesensinginterpretation,for mationmechanismanddisastercharacteristicsofdebrisflowsoriginatedpredominatelyfromgulyerosionwerestud ied.conclusionsaredrawnfromthestudyasfolows:theclusteddebrisflowsaretriggeredbyintensiverainfalwith anhourlyintensityofmorethan36.6mm.theintensiverainfalwithshortdurationcanbeseenasthekeytrigge ringfactorofthesedebrisflows;erosionofgulyandentrainmentofsedimentarethemostimportantmaterialssource ofdebrisflow,theaccumulationtransportedbydebrisflowsfromthethreeguliesareestimatedabout97 10 4 m 3 in volumealtogether;theclousteddebrisflowshavehighviscosityandstrongtransportingcapacity,thedischargeat lowerreachesamountto751.0m 3 /s,870.1m 3 sand785.7m 3 /srespectivelyinabovementioned3gulies.thea chievementinresearchmaygiveareferencetorecognitionofformationmechanism anddisastercharacteristicsof debrisfloworiginatedpredominatelyfromgulyerosionanddisasterpreventionandreduction. Keywords:debrisflow;gulyerosion;intenserainfal;formationmechanism;disastercharacteristic :2014-03-20; :2014-06-08 : (41102226);! "#$%&(2011FY110100-1) :' (1979-),, (,)*+,-./010.E mail:nihuayong@126.com
98 24 -./?@O c3 b KL KL J3KL 3 [1], J3KL N-./ O N,)* ` J3 _,? -./, PQ, J3c O O [2] ],W -./ #T?@ U?, [1,3], -./ [ [4-5],?@,, J3KL N-./1,> -./, O & J c S65@O /KL _` -./O, A J3KL N-./O!` "#$%& 'O, J3_` -./O D 6 :- _` ()3 ` ()3 *)3 ` #*)3 ` / +`,B -//., PQA J -./O [6] ;Zhuang /0O / 1PQ >$ -./_`, AKL -./,2L34 56 78 9 A-./_` [7],:A-. / _` O; # # 2013 7 49 17:/,. < = US,US >?@AB CDE. 4 T S%,. <= 3 >:?@A-./ -./ 56F D GHD, IJK LM,NO, 19' PQ,R5SP 7500TA, UVb,W XY #C -./?@O c3,2013-07-04c?-./ N O JKL)MN-./ Z "C, [A 2013-07-04C?-./Oc B,BD JKL)MN-./O \]^ 1 ;. 2013 7 49?@-./O 3 _ ` 1 <= adbc /,? GHD,. 3.2km 7.2km, ad c /,?F D,. 10km 4 1 <=>!5?4 Fig.1 Remotesensingimageryofstudyareaandlocationofdebrisflowgulies 2013-07-04C?-./6 8 78 a,d/ T,, 3 -./ / *^ P 1,3 -./ / 5 10km 2, J
2 ', : JKL)MN-./ B. 2013-07-04C?-./D 99 @ 1 A B CDE@ Table1 Summaryofmaingeomorphologicparametersofdebrisflowgulies / *^ <= / /km 2 8.3 8.4 5.5 ) /km 6.5 6.3 4.1 a /m 2792.9 2962 2990 a /m 900 1005 1270 E /m 1892.9 1957 1920 J /% 29.2 31.0 37.6 /. 0.20 0.21 0.33 /. /.E-./ O B / R b*xy /.. [8] :,δd.,ad/ (km 2 ),LD) (km) δ= A L 2, (1) (P 1)PQ <= /. 0.2BC,/.,D-./?@]^A O / ` O - #, B D), -)* / J # A 7 +?, D 8,, ;,. 3 -./ / O `T,B #T C `D), `, D 0.20g, D 8 & /OXY, B D O, 1200.9mm, _,)* O 5-9, O 86.4% >:, D, BUS 2 ) (,@ -./ % JKL N-./O, D_` AT O P / KL, O c `,/ O c3>, O: c, OB Jc3D)* c3 O -./ [3] PQ,2013-07-04C?-./?@ c3 O C /OXY,! a"!`, /# $%, / T, ` &L Jc3, c3p' / #,a?0 D-./,W -./ ` % J3 KL_` 2.1 > 1 F DA 2013-07-04C?#-./ SO[,E 3 -.// S (A) [,* >:+,`(7 19 12: 7 59 14:)+ -. ( S E ` 2 6:O >:+O,`PQ-./?@ S >/ -./?@,T S 2013 7 49O 18:/ 01 21:,7 59/ S +. ) O-./?@ 9 S > PQ-./?@ 6d S,2 6 309 7 19 A9 S 10mm3 O S
100 24 4 2 <=GHIJKLM4(NO @ 1 =A) Fig.2 Meteorologicalnephogramofstudyareaobtainedindiferenttimeintervals #. 21 S 41 41 #5:, 2013 7 49 17: 59 7:, ST US cbc US >?@AB CDE. 46 # Z @A BS ( 3, 1050m)7 49 18: 21: S41 #(P 2),18: 21: S 60.9mm,a R:ST(19: 20:) 36.6mm 7 NO, S89 5: ;,7 -./?@ C S 2013-07-04 #-./, E S B, :T S OT / -./_` _ A[\%, < S R,_ O% 9= > @ 2 2013-07-04 I P5?@ Table2 DistributionofhourlyrainfalrecordedonJuly4,2013 mm h -1 : 18:00-19:00 19:00-20:00 20:00-21:00 S 12.3 36.6 12.0 2.2 QRST)UV ( FGHI O?@,? AB-./ c?@ `, 2013 7 49?@O 3 -./> NO KL J N-./,-./?@ FG` CEDEO A J O? (` 3 ` 5) -./?@,-./ / FG, -./?@,H Q5, FG`C5:DIJ K, / " *4LMOXY,-./c?@ E;,2013 7 49?@O-./ A-./ 'D-./ON O < -./c )* 3 :C -./ ( 1800mBC+), 2km, D 15~20m, J 41.7%,?, 40 BC Y c,2 2 c B B 2L?!` -./ `, Y+,, P P /, ` T,D-./?@]^A " ; -./_` ( 1800m 1360m), Q 2400m,
2 ', : JKL)MN-./ B. 2013-07-04C?-./D 101 4 3 W! XY 4(a) 1 W;(b) 1 Fig.3 RemotesensinginterpretationimageryofdebrisflowofHougouGuly 4 4! XY 4(a) 1 W;(b) 1 Fig.4 RemotesensinginterpretationimageryofdebrisflowofMajingziGuly R D 27.1%,Y+ -./ 2L% XY, J=S 1~2m,T 3.6 10 4 m 3 O J3 c 0U -./ `(` 5(a),5(b)),Y+D 2013-07-04-./O?@_ A[\% -./c )*? / ( 1200m +), 1500 m, J 17.5%, 2013-07-04-./,Y+ D 3~8m,a 14m 2L% 9= Q5,2L 5~20m,a 30m L 2L%, V c *4LMBW4 X 1 -./(` 5(c) 5(d)), A-./O, OLMY. $ Vb (` 6) <= -./ _`,> P A / KL O -./?@ / FGXCE(` 4)PQ, <= -./)* / ( 1500m 1250m),_ `+ D 1000m 25%, /KL%," O c V c 3 c -./, XY,-./ ZA?BCOV c, <= =S 2~4m,a 6~8m;?, -./ / C, -./c? ` 76: / -./KL%, J cb? -./,-./ `, Z [ \ V 3 c #1, C J 3mBC, -./KL,,c E, X O?@M]D 56,X O 1.2 10 4 m 3 ^_.!, -.// `:,Y a -./
& １０２ ' ( ) * ４"!２ + Q 3 A 6 R ５ 3:;<3 CDA { ｂ :;< Q 56A ｄ Ｆ ５ Ｃｈ ｓ ｓ ｆ ｂ ｄ ｓ ｄｓ ｄ ｍ ｓ ｐ ｐ ｗ ｓ ｆｈ Ｇ ; «n ｂ ±«n R ６ :;< ª«n Ｆ ６ Ｐ ｖ ｄ ｐ ｊ ｓｄ ｓ ｄｂ ｄ ｂ ｓｆ ｗ ３ :;<>BCD ３ １ <²³ CD Ó"G¾EFGá #Iy è > kl ;dó[à #klyzum[\ L #Mer EFG Íyà }'y ( «Å¹ºEFG ３ ９ ｆ １ ｓ ｆ １ ２ ３ ｍ ｍ ｆhefgg Íà Q }Ôy ( ÅÍ hefg ｓhã Q ３ ｍ \] _`a]}^-] ÛmnYZ/4g ^>?Ï3 ~ à Q æ h ２ ７ ２０１ ３$ ７% ４WcdyEFGG Íà Q }Ôy ( ±h ２ ５ ２ ３} ２ ４ ¹º ３ ３ ]ÜcdyEFG ±h １ ９ ３ １ ８８} １ ９ １ ｍ " 5EFGym L 5EFG Û lçít áây ¾ªH?5}.Ë ~5' 5I ^-]EFGÛ«]ãC.Ë y ³ １８ｍ ８
! ２# ０ １ ３ ０ ７ ０ ４gcEFGh 9:; ú ]tuvawxefgzo{ LO(~ ffz[ ２ ｂ Q 3 b56 R ７ µ 3:;<3 CDA 56 ¹ ｄ º Ｆ ７ Ｃｈ ｓ ｓ ｆ ｂ ｄ ｓ ｄｓ ｄ ｍ ｓｓ ｐ ｐ ｆｘ ｊ Ｇ» ¼½À^ R ８ µ 3:;<» ¼½A¾ CD ｂ» ¼½Á ÃÄ :;<¾ Å; Ｆ ８ Ｓ ｐ ｈ ｈｂ ｄ ｄ ｈ ｓ ｓ ｆｄ ｂ ｓｆ ｗ ｆｘ ｊ Ｇ １０３
104 24 3.2 V +, / / -./Ob*` "C, - Q5 0O ( 1, # #-.// 1]. @ A <= -./ O/ / V c =KH 2/3 c I 1/5 ; (3) Q c =V c A c. (4) :V c D-.// (m/s),q c D-./O/ (m 3 /s),id-?r ( ),HD- (m),kd #-./ /,A c D-./ / (m 2 ) P 36: B,3 -./O/ / `O 2 5:O O <, -.// / O 2~3 W C -./ _` `, Z J3 cb \V 3 cm] O ], * QO, +X O 56 78 -./` O < 9_ A O% @ 3 Table3 Calculationresultsofflowvelocityanddischarge -./? H c /m K I/ A c /m 2 V c /(m s -1 ) Q c /(m 3 s -1 ) -./ 1.8 10.0 355 34.8 12.0 418.6 4.6 6.5 178 59.0 12.7 751.0 <= -./ 2.2 10.0 343 27.7 13.7 378.6 3.9 7.0 135 74.9 11.6 870.1 -./ 2.8 9.0 281 14.6 13.9 202.9 3.8 8.0 125 61.2 12.4 758.7 3.3 * [+, #1,2013 7 49?@O 3 -./ c D 17 10 4 m 3,30 10 4 m 3 50 10 4 m 3,, N N-./ -./,, -./ A B OGHD /F DDJ (P 4), -./ 17m @ 4 Table4 Depositionvolumeofdebrisflow 10 4 m 3 -./ <= -./ -./ -./ 8.5 12.5 5.5 J-./ 41.5 17.5 11.5 Q -./ 50 30 17?, HD)DR R,2D 2.5%, /,, -./ 6, HD 5 (` 9(a)), + O 2/ T 2 HD32D, O)D, HD3 W4, LM I; <= -./ O G108 5, HD, ODJ 10m (` 9(b)), HD?8 C, /C ; -./ c3n F D, F D 56, -./ F D0U DE O,] LSI(` 9(c),9(d)),,F D56,C D?C, /C C L C,2013-07-04C?-./ AQ5O,M]-./ #5:
2 ', : JKL)MN-./ B. 2013-07-04C?-./D 105 4 9 * (a)w!,^_`\;(b)!,^_`\; (c)!,^_`\;(d)!,^_]\ Fig.9 Disastersituationofdebrisflow 4 ) (1)+-./,. 2013-07-04C?-./ NO JKL)MN-./,?@ c3 O C /OXY,! a"!`, /# $%, ` &L Jc3, c3p' / #,a?0 D-./, 97 10 4 m 3 c3 -./ (2)+-./Z?]^, < S >,2013-07-04C?-./ :T SV?,R: ST 36.6mm, :T S / D JKL)MN-./_`O[\Z?]^ (3)+-./ `,2013-07-04C?-./, T,`, -./ / D 751.0m 3 /s,870.1m 3 /s 758.7m 3 /s,> -.//,/ 2~3, <= > +/ / A JKL)MN-./` O (4)+,. 2013-07-04C?-./ N N #-./, <= -./ <,)* 5D?,M]D/ /, A (5)+, <= D6-./, -./ /?P D W,, 4MN-./:?@,-./ \$ O )* LMP' -./ <= / -./O?@,B./D ), O TA-./O # 2013-07-04C?-./O?@,D JKL)MN -./ ] A O*, TE?@ # T # O JKL)MN-. / 41,E # ( :!"#$%&',# ( )*+,-. /01./0234 56789:;, 7: [1] - P 2 < 6. -./[M]. : &,2000. ChengduInstituteofMountainHazardsandEnvironment.DebrisFlowinChina[M].Beijing:ChinaCommerceandTradepres,2000.(inChi nese)
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