Estimation of racing performance of Polish purebred Arabian horses winning title shows

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1 Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego, t. 6 (2010), nr 1 Estimation of racing performance of Polish purebred Arabian horses winning title shows Krystyna Chmiel", Dorota Sobczuk 2 lthe John Paul II High State School, Institute of Tourism and Recreation, Sidorska 95/97, Biała Podlaska 2University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in Zamość, Department of AnimaI Breeding and Performance, Szczebrzeska 102, Zamość The analysis was conducted in order to analyze if Polish purebred Arabian horses winning the high-rank shows we re not only more beautiful, but also more efficient than others. The material consisted of 404 horses which gained titles of Champions, Reserve Champions, Top Ten and Best In Show in national and international shows in It was found that 76.23% of that group was raced (compared to 69.57% for the whole Polish population). Moreover, the average coefficient of success in the group amounted to 1.30, what exceeded the general average value of the mentioned index in the whole population (1.00). The results proved the thesis assumed. KEY WORDS: purebred Arabian horses / shows / coefficient of success Polish Arabian horses won world renown because of their be auty combined with racing performance [5, 12]. Their high position in international rankings was significantly influenced by introducing race triais for that breed in The Polish racing program for Arabian horses, elaborated in 1926 by Bogdan Ziętarski, considered the physiological identity of purebreds. Thanks to that, Poland did not make the same mistakes, as those countries, where races were organized according to the same pattern, as for English Thoroughbreds. Polish Arabians retained their characteristic type and conformation. In pre-war Poland, the majority of purebred Arabian horse population, except the National Stud at Janów Podlaski, was privately owned; nevertheless, it was possible to work up economical mechanisms enabling a quadruple increase of the numberof horses in race training in the decade [6]. It resulted in obtaining such a high value of Polish broodmares' band, that possible were as well winnings in races, as in shows [7, 8, 11]. That's why Polish Arabians were nicknamed.beautiful and bold". Recently, however, a specialization became more trendy, sa within the world 9

2 Arabian horse population emerged show, racing and endurance strains, significantly diversified in type and conformation. The aim of the present paper is to eonduet a study, whether Polish purebred Arabian horses are still able to combine enough beauty to win in shows with enough stamina proved in racing triais, organized according to the program by Bogdan Ziętarski, almost unchanged until today. Materiał and methods J The research material consisted of 404 purebred Arabian horses bred in Poland, taking part in National and International shows in the years , gaining the titles of Champions, Reserve Champion s, Top Ten and Best In Show. The data concerning race results were obtained from the Racing Bulletin issues from the seasons [1]. The percentages of raced horses within the group of show-winning horses were computed together and separately for colts and filiies. The average values of Coefficients of Success - Cs (total, per colt and per filly) were calculated for all raced show winners, separately for the state studs Janów Podlaski, Białka and Michałów, as wel1 as for the private breeders, taken together. The values of Cs were taken from "The Register of Use Value of Polish Purebred Arabian Horses" [2, 3,4]. The Coefficient of Success (Cs) - an indicator of a horse's performance - was calculated according to the following formula: where: C _L.xxa s- La ~ - sum of money won by a given horse in a given racing season, a - quantity of an age group, La - sum of money won by his age group in the same season. The significance of differences between the average values in analysed groups was calculated, using the ST ATISTICA 6.0 program. The analysis of variance was conducted, using the Duncan test. Results and discussion In the Table 1, there are presented percentages of horses submitted to race triais (total, colts and filiies) within the group of show winners in the tested period. For comparison, the relation between the total num ber of raced horses and bom ones for the whole Polish purebred Arabian population, in the years amounted 69.6%, whereas 64.2% for fillies and 75.2% for colts [3, 4]. That was the most advantageous period for embracing of Polish Arabian horse population by racing triais [9, 10]. The obtained results showed that within the group of high-rank show winners, the share of raced horses was higher than the average for the whole population. The highest percent of raced horses in the mentioned group was found for the horses bred I 1 li 10 l i

3 Table 1 - Tabela 1 Percentagę shares of purebred Arabian show winners which took part in races Procentowy udzial koni czystej krwi arabskiej zajmujących czolowe miejsca w pokazach i objętych próbami dzielności Horses awarded H orses in total Mares Stallions in shows Konie ogólem Klacze Ogiery Breeder Konie wysoko Hodowla ocenione w raced unraced raced unraced raced unraced pokazach biegające niebiegające biegające niebiegające biegające niebiegające n % n % n % n % n % n % n % Private Prywalna Janów Podlaski Stud Michalów Stud Bialka Stud G SK Bialka Tolal Razem......

4 I i i at Janów Podlaski Stud. It was atotal score of 83.5% whereas for Janów-bred filiies, there was also obtained the highest result %. On the other hand, the highest share of raced colts descended from Michałów Stud (95.7%) whereas the lowest was the percent of private-bred horses submitted to race triais. Total percent of such horses amounted to 63.0%, whereas 64.3% of fillies and 61.5% for colts (Tab. l). The Tables 2-4 contain the results of a comparison, conducted between average values of es per filly, per colt and per head regardless the sex, bred by different breeders. II j! Table 2 - Tabela 2 Average values of success coefficient in the show-winning Arabian horse population Średnie wartości współczynnika powodzenia analizowanej populacji koni czystej krwi arabskiej uczestniczących w pokazach Number of Success coefficient (es) Breeder horses Współczynnik powodzenia Hodowla Liczba koni S V (n) x min. max. Private AB C' Prywatna Janów Podlaski Stud A "h Michałów Stud 155 O.92 Bo Białka Stud ch SK Białka Total Razem s - standard deviation - standardowe odchylenie; V - coefficient of variability - współczynnik zmienności Averagę values foliowed by different letters differ significantly: smallletters - CL=O.05, capital letters - CL=O.O I Średnie oznaczone różnymi literami różnią się od siebie istotnie: małe litery - na poziomie CL=O,OS,duże litery - na poziomie CL=O,O I The highest value of standard deviation was found for private-bred horses (3.24), whereas their coefficient of variability reached AIso when fillies and colts were taken separately, the values obtained for them were highest, the standard deviation 1.68 and 4.45, whereas the coefficients of variability and , respectively. The highest values of es were found for the filly Arra grey 1975 (Bandos - Arba) [5], bred at Janów Podlaski , and for the private-bred colt Gafal chestnut 1998 (Pamir - Gratka) for private breeder (Tab. 2-4). The analysis proved that the significantly highest average es per head was obtained by private-bred horses, but the number of their sample was rather limited. The results obtained by horses bred at Janów Podlaski Stud were much more representative. The average es per head in that gro up reached Its value differed to a highly significant degree from private-bred and Michałów - bred horses, whereas significantly - from horses bred at Białka Stud. The percent of raced horses in tested period was the highest also for horses bred at Janów Podlaski. The average value of es for the tested population reached 1.30, exceeding the generał average value for all raced horses, amounting to 1.00 [4]. 12

5 Table 3 - Tabela 3 Average values of success coefficient in the show-winning purebred Arabian mares Średnie wartości współczynnika powodzenia klaczy czystej krwi arabskiej uczestniczących w pokazach Number of Success coefficient (es) Breeder horses Wspólczynnik powodzenia Hodowla Liczba koni S V (n) x min. max. Private ABC Prywatna Janów Podlaski Stud " lO.39 Michalów Stud B Białka Stud c " SK Białka s - standard deviation - standardowe odchylenie; V - coefficient of variability - współczynnik zmienności Average vałues foliowed by different letters differ significantly: smali letters - u=o.os, capitał łetters - =0.01 Średnie oznaczone różnymi łiterami różnią się od siebie istotnie: małe litery - na poziomie u=o,os, duże łitery - na poziomie u=o,o I Table 4 - Tabela 4 Average values of success coefficient in the show-winning purebred Arabian stallions Średnie wartości współczynnika powodzenia ogierów czystej krwi arabskiej uczestniczących w pokazach Number of Success coefficient (es) Breeder horses Współczynnik powodzenia Hodowla Liczba koni (n) x min. max. S V Private Prywatna Janów Podlaski Stud Białka Stud SK Bialka Michałów Stud 67 l.ł No significant differences between averages es Brak istotności różnic pomiędzy średnimi współczynnika powodzenia Summarizing, one can state that within the gro up of high-rank show winning horses in the years there was found a higher percent of raced horses than for the whole Polish population of that breed. Also, the average value of es per head in the tested group exceeded the average value for the whole population. It was noticed that comparing to colts, in fillies there was a higher variability for the racing performance trai t. The obtained results proved the thesis assumed that Polish show-winning Arabian horses were not only more beautiful, but also more efficient than others. REFERENCES J. Biuletyn Oficjalny - Wiadomości Wyścigowe TWK, zeszyty z lat , Warszawa. 2. BUDZYŃSKI M., CHMIEL K., Rejestr wartości użytkowej polskich koni czystej krwi arabskiej. T. I. Wyd. AR Lublin. l3

6 3. BUDZYŃSKI M., CHMIEL K., Rejestr wartości użytkowej polskich koni czystej krwi arabskiej. T. II. Wyd. AR Lublin. 4. BUDZYŃSKI M., CHMIEL K., Rejestr wartości użytkowej polskich koni czystej krwi arabskiej. T. III. Wyd. AR Lublin. 5. CHMIEL K., GAJEWSKA A., SOBCZUK D., Analiza powiązań między dzielnością wyścigową koni czystej krwi arabskiej a punktacyjną oceną ich pokroju prowadzoną na pokazach. Roczniki Naukowe Zootechniki 30,2, CHMIEL K., GAJEWSKA A., SOBCZUK D., Comparison of use value of purebred Arabian horses raised in different breeding centers in the years Electronic Journal oj Polish Agricultural Universities, Vol. 9, Issue I. 7. CHMIEL K., SOBCZUK D., GAJEWSKA A., Struktura pochodzeniowa i wartość użytkowa ogierów czystej krwi arabskiej użytkowanych w polskiej hodowli w sezonach Annales Universiuuis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, Sec. EE, Vol. XIX, CHMIEL K., SOBCZUK D., GAJEWSKA A., Rodowodowa i użytkowa charakterystyka zwycięzców gonitw dla koni czystej krwi arabskiej na różnych dystansach. Folia Universitatis Agriculturae Stetinensis, Zootechnica, 227, CHMIEL K., SOBCZUK D., GAJEWSKA A., Porównanie wartości użytkowej populacji koni czystej krwi arabskiej w różnych ośrodkach hodowlanych w latach Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, Sec. EE, Vol. XXIII, CHMIEL K., SOBCZUK D., GAJEWSKA A., Porównanie wartości użytkowej populacji koni czystej krwi arabskiej w różnych ośrodkach hodowlanych w latach I Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, Sec. EE, Vol. XXIII, CHMIEL K., SOBCZUK D., Indices of breeding value for purebred Arabian stallions ~ used in Polish breeding with regard to racing efficiency. Electronic Iournal oj Polislt Agri- I cultural Universities, Vol. 10, Issue PAWELEC-ZAWADZKA L, BUDZYŃSKI M., CHMIEL K., Program hodowli koni I rasy czystej krwi arabskiej. PZHK Warszawa. ci