Prevalence and patterns of drug use among general population Indicator (GPS) Annual Expert Meeting 214 Trend in drug use in Poland Janusz Sierosławski Institute of Psychiatry i Neurology Warsaw Lisbon, 17-18 June 214
Introduction Three countrywide population surveys in Poland 22, 26, 21 drugs the main topic surveys implemented by National Bureau for Drug Prevention fieldwork: contracted agency GPS 212 gambling and other behavioral addictions the main topic) survey commissioned by National Bureau for Drug Prevention implemented by: contracted agency 2
General Population Surveys 22 26 21 212 Topics alc + drugs alc + drugs alc + drugs gambling Age coverage* 16+ 1-64 1-64 1+ Sample size (unweighted) Over-representations 634 289 782 438 3 regions 3 cities Age 1-34 Warsaw 8 Regions No Sample size (weighted) 3148 136 3861 438 Sampling household household household individuals Response rate 61% 1% 71%? * Population for trend analyses 16-64 3
Drug use during last 12 months GPS (age 16-64) 9 8 7 6 22 26 21 212 8. 4 3.8 3 2.8 2.8 2 1.4..1 LSD.1.7.7 1..6 Amphetamine Hallucinogenic mushrooms 1.3.6.3.3.1.2.3.1.1.1.2.2..1. Ecstasy Cocaine Heroin Cannabis 4
Cannabis use GPS (age 16-64) 2 18 16 14 12 17.8 12.3 22 26 21 212 1 8 7.7 9.1 8. 6 4 2 3.8 4.3 2.8 2.8 1.3 1.8 1. liftime last 12 month last 3 days
Cannabis use GPS (age 16-34) 3 3 29.9 22 26 21 212 2 2 1 17.4 16.1 2.8 14.7 1 8.2 8.6 6.3.3 3.9 2.7 1.9 liftime last 12 month last 3 days 6
Cannabis use during last 12 months by age groups 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 18.6 11.2 22 11. 26 21 212 9.7 8.6.7 4.1 3.43.1 2. 2. 1.4.3.2.4.4 16-24 2-34 3-44 4-64 7
Cannabis use (GPS) and number of drug related offences noted by police 9 8 7 6 drug related offences 12 months use (ESPAD) 12 months use (GPS 16-34) y =.41x 4 -.127x 3 + 1.1663x 2-2.4473x + 8.438 R² = 1 3 3 2 4 3 2 1 7 12 6 1 11 17 2 8 2 1 1 199 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 2 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 8
Estimate of cannabis use incidence (data from GPS 22, 26 and 21) 1991-1994 199-1998 1999-22 23-26 27-21 9
Any drug use (generic question) - Social Diagnosis (1992-213) 1.4 1.2 1..8.6.4.2. y =.4321ln(x) +.131 R² =.8219 Źródło danych: lata 1991-1997 Czapiński, 1998; lata 2-213 Diagnoza Społeczna 1
Lifetime drug use ESPAD (age: 1-16) percent of respondents 3 2 2 Amphetamine Hallucinogens Cannabis Cocaine Heroin Ecstasy 19 24 1 1 16 1 1 7 6 6 4 3 4 2 2 3 3 2 23 3 1 1 1 199 1999 23 27 211 11
ESPAD cannabis life time use (percent of respondents) 2 23 2 1 11 1 14 19 18 17 17 16 1 8 Poland Europe 199 1999 23 27 211 12
Perceived availability of drugs (percent of respondents with responses easy or very easy) ESPAD (age 1-16) 2 2 1 16. 17.4 19.6 1.7 16. 18.6 1.7 Cannabis 1 6.3 4.7 2.4 11. 1.4 7.2 11.8 9.6 11. 7.4 6.3. Amphetamine Tranquilizers Ecstasy 199 1999 23 27 211 13
Perceived risk related to cannabis use percent of respondents with high risk 9 8 7 6 4 3 2 1 82 83 6 3 Try cannabis once or twice Smoke cannabis occasionally Smoke cannabis regularly 8 79 66 3 1 47 (ESPAD, age 1-16) 42 33 3 199 1999 23 27 211 14
(GPS, age 16-64) Perceived risk related to cannabis use percent of respondents with high risk 1 9 22 26 21 92.8 93.2 8 7 68.8 7.8 76. 6 49.7 49.4 47. 4 3 3.6 2 1 Try cannabis once or twice Smoke cannabis occasionally Smoke cannabis regularly 1
Any drug use and cannabis use during last 12 months school survey (age 18-19) 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 cannabis any drug (generic question) 18 24 31 36 1 16 1996 1999 23 28 21 213 4 18 16
Conclusions At least stabilization or even decrease of last years prevalence of use drugs other than cannabis Increase of cannabis use but probably stabilization in incidence Decrease of perceived risk related to cannabis use 17
Reservations and limitations Question on survey comparability context of drug questions interviewers training sampling households or directly individuals Changing in drug use or in readiness to report drug use 18