Polish butterflies of the subgenus Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

POLSKIE POLISH PIS MO ENTOMOLOGICZNE JOURNAL o F ENTOMOLOGY VOL. 69: 329-334 Gdynia 31 October 2000 Polish butterflies of the subgenus Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) LUKASZ PRZYBYLOWICZ Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, PAS, Slawkowska 17, 31-016 Krak6w, Poland e-mail: Lukasz@isez.pan.krakow.pl ABSTRACT. All available information about the occurrence of Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) damon and P. (A.) ripartii in Poland are summarized. P. damon is extinct since 1965 while P. ripartii is still living in some localities and is very endangered. KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Polyommatus, Agrodiaetus, Poland. The subgenus Agrodiaetus HOBN. previously was treated as a separate genus (KRZYWICKl 1959, BROWN 1976). Now it is included in the genus Polyommatus LATR. by most of authors. The subgenus Agrodiaetus consists of numerous dozen of species inhabiting large areas of Asia and Europe. The centre of their distribution is Central Asia and the species penetrate Central Europe through the Caspian Region, Balkan Peninsula and the Mediterranean. Many of the species are morphologically very similar, and new forms are still discovered (BROWN 1976). In some cases external characters are insufficient to distinguish species and the investigation of chromosomes is very useful (LESSE 1960, COUTSIS et al. 1999). Acknowledgements I would like to express my thanks to M. Sc. R. Dobosz, Bytom, Upper Silesian Museum; M. Sc. T. Huflejt, Warszawa, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences; E. Palik, Krak6w for access to the collections and Dr. A. Malkiewicz for providing me information about the collection of A. Kokot. Po!yommatus (Agrodiaetus) damon (DENIS & SCHlFFERMULLER, 1775) In spite of the fact that it has not been observed since 1965, its occurrence in Poland is

330 Polskie Pismo EntomologicZl1e 69 (3) confirmed by the following specimens found in different collections: Busko; 4.08.1935; 0"; Kawalec leg.; ex coli. Toll; Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow. Zagorz; pow. Lesko; Polonia; 3.07.1965; 0"; M Bielewicz leg.; Upper Silesian Museum, Bytom. Olchowa; pow. Lesko (Lisko); 8.07.1924; 0",!f; coli. Drozda; Upper Silesian Museum, Bytom. Pilica; Czarny Las; 7.1923; 0"; coli. Maslowski; Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa. Krzyzanowice; distr. Pmczow; 10.7.1950;!f; leg. A. Kostrowicki; Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa. According to the published data the butterfly is known from some more places: Rybnica near Sandomierz - KARPOWIcz (1925), ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE (1930), KRZYWICKI (1959), D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982). All data are probably based on specimens collected in 1916 by Karpowicz. Winiary - KARPOWICZ 1925, ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE 1930, KRZYWlCKI 1959, D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI 1982. These data are probably based on specimens collected in 1916 by Karpowicz. Grabowiec - KOSTROWICKI (1953) (specimens collected in 1950). Krzyzanowice - KOSTROWICKI 1953 (specimens collected in 1950). Czarny Las near Pilica - MASLOWSCY 1928, ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE 1930, KUNTZE & NOSKlEWICZ 1938, KRZYWICKI 1959, D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI 1982, SKALSKI 1992. This is probably based on one specimen collected in 1923 by J. Dziuk (MAsLOWSCY 1928). Opatow - NIESIOLOWSKI & PROFFER 1923, ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE 1930, KUNTZE & NOSKIEWICZ 1938, KRZYWICKI 1959, D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI 1982. All data are probably based on specimens collected in 1917 by Niesiolowski. Olchowa in Karpaty Mts - SCHEFFNER 1925-27, ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE 1930, KUNTZE & NOSKlEWICZ 1938, SCHRAMM 1948. All but SCHRAMM'S data are based probably on specimens from the SCHEFFNER'S collection. Zawiercie - D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982). Zalesie near Olkusz - D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982). Busko - DJ\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982). The authors do not inform on sources of the three above localities. They write only "The data come from the authors' observations, museum materials and literature data (p. 9) ". Zagorz (Bieszczady) - BIELEWICZ (1973), D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982). Based probably on specimens collected in 1965 by Bielewicz. Lesko (as Lisko) - BIELEWICZ (1973). The author states "In the collection of butterflies of A. Drozda there are two specimens of this species labelled: Lisko, 8. VII. 1924 without the name of a collector". The specimens come probably from the Scheffuer collection.

PRZYBYLOWICZ L.: Polish butterflies of the subgenus Polyommatus (Agriodiaetus) 331 Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) ripartii (FREYER, 1830) P. (A.) ripartii still lives in several localities in Poland. Its recent distribution is restricted to the Nida Valley, where it inhabits scarce remnants of the steppe environment. All known literature localities are listed below. The places still inhabited by the butterfly are marked with an asterisk "*". Grabowiec - KOSTROWICKI (1953, specimens collected in 1951), D.t\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992), GLOWACINSKI (1992a). The original report comes from KOSTROWICKI (1953). * KrzyZanowice - KOSTROWICKI (1953, specimens collected in 1951), KRZYWICKI (1959), D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992), GLOWACINSKI (1992a), BUSZKO (1995)(specimens seen in 1987, 1989, 1991 and 1995). Wola Zagojska - KOSTROWICKI (1953), D.t\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992). The original information is probably given by the first author. * Skotniki - KOSTROWICKI (1953, specimens collected in 1951), D.t\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982); GLOWACINSKI (1992), GLOWACINSKI (1992a), BUSZKO (1995, specimens seen in 1994, 1995). * Winiary - KOSTROWICKI (1953, specimens collected in 1951), D.t\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992), GLOWACINSKI (1992a), BUSZKO (1995, specimens seen in 1995). Czarny Las near Pilica - MASLOWSCY (1928, specimens collected in 1918), KREMKY (1930), D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992), SKALSKI (1992). This information is based on one specimen collected by Maslowscy in 1918 and determinated as P. (A.) admetus var. ripartii. Plech6w near Kazimierza Wielka - MAsLOWSCY (1928), NIESIOLOWSKI (1928), ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE (1930), KREMKY (1930), D1\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992). All authors cite the data published by MASLOWSCY. The date of collecting the material is not clear. MASLOWSCY stated in their paper that butterflies were caught in July 1913, however in the preface they wrote: "the present paper is based on the material collected between 1914 and 1927. ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE (1930) in a reference to the original manuscript by MASLOWSCY indicated that this species was collected in July 1923 and this is probably the correct date. Busko - KREMKY (1930), D.t\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992). All the authors follow PAX data from 1917. Tunel - KRZYWICKI (1959), D.t\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992). Klon6w - KRZYWICKI (1959), D.t\BROWSKI & KRZYWICKI (1982), GLOWACINSKI (1992). near Kazimierza Wielka - KRZYWICKI (1959), GLOWACINSKI (1992). Biala G6ra - GLOWACINSKI (1992). near Klonow-Opalonki - GLOWACINSKI (1992). near Dctbie - GLOWACINSKI (1992).

332 Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 69 (3) near Stercz6w-Scianka - GLOWACINSKI (1992). * Gacki - BUSZKO (1995, specimens seen in 1993, 1995).. * Skowronno res. - BUSZKO (1995, specimens seen in 1993). Because some of the literature data are doubtful and controversial the list of all localities in which specimens housed in different Polish collections were captured is given below. Abbreviations:? - sex unknown; collector: B - S. Batkowski, F - A. Felger, G - 1. M. Graca, K - M. Krzywicki, K-W - A. Kostrowicki, K. Winnik, M - Maslowski, Mi - T. Miodonski, P - E. Palik, PR - L. Przybylowicz, S - R. Szpor, So - B. Sourek, (E - E. Swiderski, W - W. W~glarski; collections: ISEA - Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krak6w, Ko - private collection of Mr A. Kokot, MIZ - Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Pa - private collection of Mr E. Palik, UM - Upper Silesian Museum, Bytom. N - (capital letter) before the name of the place means newly found locality. Winiary - 23.07.1951 4d' 7~, K, ISEA, Id' I?, MIZ; 23.07.1951 15d' 2H, K-W, MlZ; 8.07.1952 2d' 1~, K, ISEA, 2d', MIZ; 11.07.1952 lid' 6~, K, ISEA, lld', MIZ; 10.07.1994 2d' 2~, P, Pa; 14.07.1994 2d' 7~, P, Pa; 14.07.1994 2d', P, ISEA; 21.06.1996 2d', PR, ISEA. Klon6w - 7.7.1953 2d', (E, MIZ, (Stercz6w); 8.7.1953 5d' 6~, (E, MIZ, (Opalonki); 10.07.1953 4d' 4~, K, ISEA, 2d' 1~, MIZ; 15.08.19611d', G, ISEA; 12.07.1953 2d' 2~, K, ISEA, 4d' 3~, MIZ; 14.07.1967 1~, P, Pa; 12.07.1961 1~, P, Pa; 10.07.1963 1~, K, MIZ; 5.07.1965!?, P, Pa; 9. 07.1968 I?, P, Ko; 13.07.1959 2d', S, UM, (Opalonki); 14.07.1957 Id' 6!? I?, K, ISEA, (Opalonki); 4.07.1957 Id', K, MIZ, (Winnica Marchocka); 9.07.1957 2d' 2!?, K, MIZ, (Stercz6w); 10.07.1957 3d' 6!?, K, ISEA, 1Od' I!?, MIZ, (Opalonki). Gacki - 12.08.1980 Id' 2!?, ISEA; 27.07.1979 I!?, Pa; 14.07.1967 2d', Pa; 19.07.1977 I?, Ko. Leszcze - 13.07.1969 2d', Mi, ISEA; 9.07.19691!?, P, Pa. Miech6w- 13.07.1959, Id', B, ISEA. Waly Raclawickie Res. - 23.07.1991 Id', P, ISEA; 31.07.1973 I!?, G, ISEA. Skotniki - 23.07.1951 6d' 12~, K, ISEA; 23.07.1951 8!?, K-W, MIZ. Krzyzanowice - 12.07.1952 Id', K, MlZ; 17.07.1952 Id' I?, K, ISEA; 23.7.1952 2d' I!?, K, MIZ; 5.07.1968 I!?, S, ISEA; 5.07.1968 Id', W, Pa; 5.07.1996 Id', PR, ISEA; 6.07.1968 2!?, W, Pa; 6.07.1968 I?, S, Ko; 14.07.1968 1~, W, Pa; 16.07.1991 I!?, So, Pa; 12.07.1994 I?, F, Ko. Szaniec - 22.07.1993 Id', P, ISEA; 16.07.1993 Id', P, ISEA. N a hill near the road, W ofszczaworyz - 14.08.1997. I!?, PR, ISEA N Kik6w - 24.07.1997 Id', PR, ISEA; 7.08.1997 Id', PR, ISEA. NW ad Skorocice Res. - 21.06.1996 Id', PR, ISEA. Raclawice-19.07.19911d'3!?,P,Pa; 19.07.19911?,P,Ko; 14.07.19911!?,P,Pa.

PRZYBYLOWICZ L.: Polish butterflies of the subgenus Polyommatus (Agriodiaetus) 333 hills near Busko - 21.07.1973 3?, Ko. Miech6w Res. - 13.07.1959 2d', B, UM. Wola Zagojska - 23.7.1951 1~, K-W, MIZ. Jaksice - 11.8.1952 2 ~, (E, MIZ). Czarny Las near Pilica - 22.7.1928 1 ~, M, MIZ. Plech6w (Kazimierza Wielka) - 7.1913 I?, MIZ. Polyommatus (A.) ripartii is the only member of the genus, which lives presently in Poland. The xerothermic steppe-like environments in the Nida Valley seem to be its last refuge. For the last ten years the species has been observed on several small places and some of them are well known as its localities. Because the xerothermic hills and the steppe remnants are often very small and spread among fields, they can be easily destroyed by ploughing, burning or devastation. In these circumstances the process of extinction can be accelerated by collectors and dealers of rare and interesting butterflies. On the other hand it is highly probable that several localities remain still undiscovered (some of them have been found by the author during the last years). Together with the known ones they constitute a mosaic pattern of distribution. We can expect, that though breeding places are very small and separated from each other, adults can move between them. Information concerning both biology and ecology of this butterfly as well as the genetic processes taking place in the Polish population, very distant from the main distribution area are still almost completely unknown. It makes impossible to propose any reasonable activities, which aim at the protection of this very interesting butterfly. Comments According to KRZYWICKI (1959: 46) all old data on P. (A.) admetus ESPER, 1786) from Poland concern P. (A.) ripartii as the latter species was treated as a variety of P. admetus. PAX (1917-18) reported P. (A.) admetus from Busko (as Busk). Subsequently ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE (1930) and KUNTZE & NOSKIEWICZ (1938) referred to that information. The report was questioned by KREMKY (1930) because the further record of P. (A.) admetus from the Nida Region by MASLOWSCY (1928) concerned specimens identified as P. (A.) admetus var. ripartii. SCHEFFNER (1925) recorded P. admetus from Baligr6d and Cisna (ROMANISZYN & SCHILLE 1930, KUNTZE & NOSKIEWICZ 1938, SCHRAMM 1948). These are literature data. Because the only information about P. (A.) admetus was published by SCHEFFNER (1925) and in that time P. (A.) ripartii has been treated as a variety of the former it is highly probably that the information concerns just P. (A.) ripartii or even the female of P. (A.) damon. REFERENCES BIELEWICZ M. 1973. Motyle wiyksze (Macrolepidoptera) Bieszczadow Zachodnich Pogorza

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