PYPAJ\HA APXI1TEKTYPA CTAPOr JE3rPA 3EMYHA

Y4K 728.6.025 (497.11) AJlCKcaH.4pa M. )(a6ujlcutz PYPAJ\HA APXI1TEKTYPA CTAPOr JE3rPA 3EMYHA BAAOPVl3AUVlJA VI KOH3EPBATOPCKVI TPETMAH PYPAAHE KYfiE Y JE3fPY O najpannjeu HaCeJbY na 3eMyHcKoM I'apnomy, OCI1M apxeojioiiiki1x HaJIa3a caenoxe MaTepl1jaJIHI1 cpen IbOBeKOBHI1 OCTaQI1. Hacerse je cpopml1paho OKO yraphersa na HajBI1IIIoj KOTI1 11 narse ce pa3bl1jajio cnonra HO no KOHQeHTpl1qHoj OPl1jeHTaQl1j11. Ycnen BI1CI1HCKe pas JII1Ke 'repena HaCTaJIa je crenenacra crpyrcrypa aacersa xoja ce C113MeIbeHl1M apxi1tektohcki1m canpacajexr, 3a)],p)J(aJIa)],0 nanac y IIIeMaTcKoj opraaaaaunja KOMyHI1KaQl1ja OKO Y3BI1 IIIeHor yrsphen,a, Ilepaon 0)], cpemser sexa )],0 BJIa)],aBI1He Aycrpuje, sa ql1je npeveje 0)], 1717. ro)],i1he kpenpano yp6a HO jesrpo 3eMyHa, BI1IIIe je 3a6eJIe)J(eH y nojii1tl1qkom 11 co Ql10JIOIIIKOM npeoopaxcajy, Hero IIITOje CaQyBaH y apxi1tek TOHCKOM nacnehy. Ha nnany 3eMyHa 113 1740. ro)],i1he 1 YOQJbI1Ba je rronena nacersa npeva npabqi1ma nyresa xa Beorpany 11 I1CTOQHOM Cpexry. Jesrpo nacersa cpopml1paho 113Mel)y Ilynana, aasene HI1X npasana 11 HajBI1IIIeKOTe JIeCHe 3apaBHI1, xoje ce IIIl1pl1 JIO 0)], nanuua aa nan-e. Ben y nocjie)],ibi1m )],eqehl1jama ocaxtnaecror sexa je asrpahen npoctop KOjl1, OQyBaH )],0 nanac, Ha3l1BaMO fap)],oiii. Ha nnany 3eMyHa 113 1790. ro)],i1he 2 YOQ JbI1Be cy nne ypfiane crpyrcrype 113Be)],eHe y pa3jil1ql1tl1m CI1 CTeMI1Ma nnatnrpatsa 11 npojercroaan.a..uoibi1 neo jesrpa je npoiiil1peh rpal)ebi1hcki1m KOMnJIeKCOM KOHTyMaQa 11 nojne KOMaH)],e 113Be)],eHI1M npexia najcaapesreaajav yp6ahi1m, ca HI1TapHI1M 11 BOjHI1M npannanasra. Hacynpor noqeqi1ma njiahcke usrpamse 11 npl1mehi1 npmmarra oproronannor CI1 CTeMa noiser nena jearpa, Tapnom je sanpacao caoopahajnaue aejemraxeiiil1pl1he, xoje ce ejil1ncoi1)],ho neisy xa HajBI1IIIoj KOTI1, ycenajyhn ce QBPCTO y repen. YJII1Qe, YJII1QI1Qe, COKaQI1 11 CTeneHI1IIITa jasnor xapaxrepa crsapajy je)],i1hctbeh CI1C TeM caofipahajne KOMyHI1KaQl1je. Tapnom nocraje 11 ocraje cneql1cpl1qho ypfiano nacerse CeJIeMeHTI1Ma pypanne apxn TeKTYpe, xoje, sa pa3jil1ky 0)], optorohajihe Mpe)J(e norser rpana, ca)],p)j(1111 HaCTaBJba CnOHTaHy Mpe)J(y ycjiobjbehy cpemso BeKOBHI1M HaCJIel)eM 11 xonrparypanajou repena. OCHOBHy ctpyktypy IberOBor apxi1tektohckor cpoh)j,a QI1HI1 MO)],l1cPI1KO BaHI1 rnn sojsohaacxe pypanne xyhe, cxposrae y paanepaaa I. KP0808U Cuiapotjestpa Sescyna, uotneq ca Fapqotua, CIlUMJbellO 60-ux toquua upouinot eexa 173

KOH3EPBATOPCKH nphctyn / AAEKCAHA,PA M. M611lKl111 2. Ileo rjjpollflla Opautce ysuue y Ctuaposc jestpy Seuyna, CHU.MJbeHO 60-ux ioquua UPOUlJlOI eexa I1 srarepnjany, Cjenaocraaaon opraaaaaunjoa earepnjepa ql1ja je ):(I1Cn0311Ql1ja npunaroheaa norpeoana lbehi1x Hernannsax KOpl1CHI1Ka - pnfiapa, urajxama, nahapa, 3aHaTJIl1ja I1 CI1THI1X rprosana. KOHQeHTpl1qHa opraansanaja nacersa je osroryhana na xyhe CBOjOM y:>kom crpanosr 6y):(y oxpenyre npeaa 3eMyHy, pexasta, Beorpany I1na nopen 113Y3eTHor nornena»y:>ki1bajy«y 06l1Jby CBeTJIOCTI1 I1 cynua y aajny :>KeM ):(HeBHOM rpajan.y.i 3a caapesrenaje 3aXTeBe cranosaa.a, I'apnour je OCTao IlO CTpaHI1 C 063l1pOM na npnpony repeaa I1 pano YOqeHOM I1CTOpl1jcKOM, apxhtektohckom I1ertrorparpceoaspennonrhy yxynnor yp6ahl1ctl1qkor canpzcaja KOjl1 je y 3HaTHoj Mepl1 rronrrehen I1HOBaUl1ja. IIpl1JII1KOM uspane PerYJIaUl10HOr IlJIaHa rpana 3eMyHa 1928. ro):(i1he I'apnom je IlJIaHl1paH sa pe311):(ehqi10hajihi1 ctam6ehl1»kbapt«y xojen 611 ce rpannne BI1JIe Cje):(I1HCTBe HI1M IlOrJIe):(OM. 4 OBaKaBKOHueIlT anje 3a:>KI1BeO, ana je IlO CJIepaTHI1 yp6ahl1ctl1qkl1 IlJIaH YCJIOBl10 na aarpamsa HOBe <p11311qke crpyxrype ca-rysa 113Y3eTHe Bpe):(HOCTI1 anaypa rca ):(OlbeM neny jesrpa 3eMyHa, Beorpany I1 OKOJIHI1M nejcazor Ma..IJ:eTaJbHI1 yp6ahl1ctl1qkl1 IlJIaH, KOHaQHO ):(OHeT 1980. 4. Ileo dipoiuua Opauxe ynuue y Ctaaposc jestpy Sescyna, CHU.MJbeHO 60-ux toquua upouaot eexa ro):(i1he, na Ql1joj cy 113pa):(11 YQeCTBOBaJII1 CTpYQHI1 TI1MOBI1 Ha):(JIe:>KHI1X I1HCTI1TYQl1ja ykjbyqyjynl1 I1 3aBO,Il, sa 3aIlITl1TY CIlOMeHI1Ka xynrype rpana Beorpana, rpefiano je na rrpen CTaBJba KBaJII1TaTI1BHI1 nomak sa yp6ahl1ctl1qkl1 passoj I'ap,Il,OIlIa. 113BpIlIeHa je BaJIOpl13aUl1ja nocrojehnx I1CTOpl1jcKI1X I1 ypriaanx Bpe):(HoCTI1 ca QI1JbeM na KomepBaTOpCKI1 ycjio BI1 xao nonnora fiynyher nnanaparsa npohi1khy y CYIlITI1HY IlpOCTOpHI1X onaoca am6l1jehta. Haaetuhevo xareropaaaunjy I1TpeTMaH Iloje):(I1HaQHI1X oojexara 113.IJ:eTaJbHOr yp6a HI1CTI1QKOr IlJIaHa KaKO 6l1CMO npeuaaapann CTaB CJIy:>K6e 3aIlITl1Te sa npe):(methi1 IlpOCTOp. Y O):(HOCy na yrapheun MeTO,Il, 3aIlITl1Te I1MeTO):( pebi1ta JIl13aUl1je I1CTOpl1jCKI1X ypfianax KOMnJIeKCa, noje):(i1haqhi1 apxi1tektohcki1 06jeKTl1rpernpajy ce xao TPI1 pa3jil1ql1te rcareropaje Bpe):(HoCTI1: xao 06jeKTl1):(e<pI1HI1CaHI1I1CTOPl1jcKI1M, rpaljebi1hcki1m I1 ernorparpcxaa cbojctbi1ma, xao 06jeKTl1 Kojl1l1Majy am6l1jehtajihl1 aaasaj narnamea <pyhkql1jom I'ap,Il,OIlIa xao BI1,Il,I1KOBQa I1 OCTaJII1 rpaljebi1hcki1 <poh,il, CJI060,Il, nor TPeTMaHa KOjl1 3aBl1Cl1 0):( JIOKaUl1je. 3aBl1CHO 0):( BaJIOpl1 saunje, KOH3epBaTOpCKl1 TpeTMaH -ryaa 06jeKTe y 113BOpHOM craisy, onoryhyje 113MeHe etrrepnjepa y nyxy cabpemehi1x 174

PYPAAHA APXI1TEKTYPA CTAPor JE3rPA 3EMYHA ~ _,..,..y Kv4' ;.Jt' Ay~.l(vlb ~ "~fwo. H...--..,. ~ ~ Jp.US'I~JJ : Po,../N. -4Iio<-, A;-. ~..,..., ''NIl 14 I J corjv..~.r.i...~.;...j! r. ;--:;:~ -( ::-J::L':>1~;n:=--t :;..~~. ",,-'" ;... 1 i 1 l-.,,-~- i----, " ~..,_... N..... ""~ "'.,;...r H. y.tv<1... "".._l. ---lur-iqi: ~~ I -- - --- -----'-- 3. Ilnau sa qotpaqwy u petconcuipyxuujy tcyhe t-he MUJlKe Pajuiep U3 1936. toquue, 3eMyH, Opauxa 6p. 64 YCJlOBa cranoaaa,a H crantieae kynrype, TpeTMaH nojemr HaqHHX oojexara am6hjehtajlhhx Bpei--\HOCTH ctam6ehe na MeHe - OBa icareropaja ofiyxsara 06jeKTe C i--\ejlhmhqho HJlH rrotrryho OqyBaHHM CTHJlCKHM KapaKTepHCTHKaMa ca ca-ry BaHHM rrpb06hthhm rafiapimoaa, KOjH y pexoacrpyxuaja rtpyxcajy peanne MoryhHocTH sa pesaranuaauajy. Y i--\ajbem 'rpernpan-y OBHX oojexara npensnha ce crpora pexoncrpyx IJ,Hja CBHX <pacai--\hhx enenenara npena rroce6hom KOH3epBa TOpCKOM npojexry. Y peaarannsarmjn errrepnjepa notpe6ho je qybatw KapaKTepWCTWqHe enexrerrre (neran,e eserrryanne BHi--\He crpytcrype, rpene, i--\e6jbhhe 3Hi--\OBa, BeJlHqWHY Wnponopunje rrp030pckhx orsopa WTi--\.). Pacnopen npocropnja W lhwxoba BeJlWqWHa rpeoa na ce ycarnamasajy C HOBWM no TPe6aMa. Ilpyra xareropaja ooyxsara 06jeKTe Malhe apxi-itek TOHCKe Bpei--\HOCTW qwjw cy ratiapnra i--\ejlhmhqho caxyaann WJlW He npyscajy sehe MoryhHOCTH sa peatrrannaauajy. Y i--\ajbem rpernpatsy OBHX oojercara norpefino je nocryrnrrn npesia rroce6hhm KOH3epBaTopCKHM ycjlobhma, sa CBaKH CJlYqaj nocefino. ITpei--\BHi--\eTW paamr-nrre BWi--\OBe pebwtajlw3auaje W peiconcrpysrmje ofijexara lhwxobwm cnajan.esr norpamsoer, yrpahasarsea i--\ekopatwbhwx W <PYHKlJ,WOHaJlHWX enexrenara npexta ananomjn ca THrrHqHHM nojsobancsna KYhaMa npollijlor aexa. Boneha nneja y TPeTHpalhy OBWX oojexara jecre -ryaan.e ornurax apxhtektohckhx H yp6ahhcthqkhx xapaxrepacrmca 3aTeqeHWX am6wjehata. Tpeha xareropnja ooyxaara 06jeKTe pejlathbho MaJle apxhtektohcke npenno CTW, nounparre y OKBWpy am6hjehtajlhhx IJ,eJlWHa. Y i--\ajbem rpernpatsy OBHX oojexara Moryhe je rrphmehhth pa3jlhqhte nocrynxe, on CJl060i--\Hwje pexoncrpyrcuaje no nornyaornpe 3wljwBalha. IToTpe6HO je sa CBaKW noceonn cnyxaj ypaznrrn xonaepaaropcxo-rrpojexrny i--\okymehtalj,hjy xoja he CBei--\OqHTH 0 nonrroaatsy Oi--\HOCa rrpena nacnehy. ITpojeKTH pe KOHcTpyKlJ,Hje HJlH peearamraaunje OBHX oojexara Mopajy 6HTH 3aCHOBaHH na THrrHqHHM <PYHKlJ,HOHaJlHHM H nexopa TWBHWM ejlemehtwma sojsohaacxe xyhe neseraaecror nexa. )J;a je )J;eTaJbHW yp6ahhctwqkw nnan 360r Hei--\OCTaTKa MaTepwjaJlHWX cpencrasa, arpecnsnocra xopncmnca WMOryhnocra na ce He ncnonrryjy YCJlOBH CJly:>K6e 3allITHTe, 175

KOH3EPBATOPCKI1 npl1ctyn / AJ\EKCAHllPA M. M511ilil111 5. Ileo tpponuia Bucotce y.nuue y Ctuapouje3[PY Seuyna, cuuscneuo 60-ux toquua UpOUlILO[ eetca 6. Ileo tppoutua BUCOKe ynuue y Ctuaposc je3[py Sesiyna, cnusceena 60-ux toquua UPOUlILO[ eetca OCTao HepeaJU130BaH, CBe,L\OqM CBe Betm 6poj ofijexara Heonrosapajyhe apxmtektype,kojh CBOjMM ra6apmtom, BOJIyMe HOMH MaTepHjaJIOM aapymasajyje,l\mhctbo npocropa H spen HOCT am6hjehta. Hajsetnha nproaep,l\ebactaqhje oojexara nacraje rrphjihkom anarrraparsa TaBaHa y ctam6ehh rrpo CTOp, xana KOPHCHMQH nacynpor CTaBOBHMa CJIylK6e saur THTe rro,l\hlky Ha,L\3MTKe aa KyoaMa MTMMeMeIhajy THrrOJIOmKY xapatcrepucruxy najaacrynnenuje sojsohaacxe pyparme xyhe xoja npencraan.a OCHOBHy am6hjehtajihy Bpe,L\HOCT rpahesnncxor OH,L\a I'apnoma. Ilpeaa HaBe,L\eHOM,Il,YII-y y BMCOKOj YJIHQH 6p. 27 H 6p. 35 aa KapTM KOH3epBaTOpcKHx ycjioba H BaJIOpH3aQMje spen HOBaHe cy,l\be rpnrtape xao crromehmqh KyJIType H npetnrsupana.je 3amTMTa QeJIOKyrrHHx06jeKaTa npesta rrpb06mthom crarsy. CXO,L\HO 3aKOHCKl1M 0,L\pe,L\6aMa 3aKoHa 0 3amTl1TH KyJITypHMX nofiapa, KOH3epBaTopcKH ycjiobh cy H3,L\aTH KO PHCHHQHMa noneayrnx ofijercara, ajim aa 'repeny HCTHHHCy ucrtourroaann. Ha JIOKaQMjM y BMCOKOj 6p. 27 rro)j,mrhyt je cnparan 06jeKaT KOjM rafiaprrroxt H BOJIyMeHoM y nornyno CTH peuern am6mjehtajihe Bpe)J,HocTH YJIHQe M npencraan,a H3pa3MTO )J,ecTpyKTI1BaH H anaxpon rrpuaep nerupana apxn- TeKTOHCKor napasa KapaKTepMCTMqHOr sa I'apnom KOjH je y OKBHpy npocropne kynrypuo-acropujcxe QeJIMHe Crapo jesrpo 3eMyHa samrahea M npornaniea aa KyJITypHO,L\06po O)J, BeJIMKOrsua-raja sa Perry6JIHKy. I1CKyCTBO je rroka3ajio, He YJIa3eOH y pasnore cnopammnor mrrepaenacatsa Ha,L\JIelKHHX HHCrreKQMjcKHX CJIylK6H, qmje 6M nepmahehtho y-remhe CBaKaKO 6HJIO O,L\ npecynnor yrnnaja.na pypanna xyha He 3a,L\OBOJbaBa npocropae, ectet CKe H CTaM6eHe xpurepnjyae BJIaCHMKa H KOpMCHMKa, qak H crapocenenaua KOjH cy CBaKaKO H emothbho Be3aHH aa MeCTO na KojeM je O,L\paCJIO snme renepaunja. Taxohe H y,l\olbem,l\ejiy jesrpa, C acnexra KOpl1CHHKa aajyrpoxcenaja H najirerrolkejbhhjm run 06jeKTa sa CTaHOBaIhe je pypanaa xyha xoja je, nonyure, jour ysetc sanpxcana no 060,L\y jesrpa na note3y Opa-nce H UeTMlbCKe YJIMQe. OBaKaB THn xyhe 3M,L\aJIa cy )J,OMaoHHCTBa MaTepHjaJIHO CKpOMHHjHX MoryoHocTH, rcoja cy ce uacersasana TOKOM ocanaaecror Mneseraaecror sexa npesra rrote3y SelKaHMjcKe xannje. Ilanac ce rrpomehom MaTepMjaJIHOr crarsa rro rrpabhjiy jaarsa norpetia sa pexoncrpyrc QMjOM 06jeKTa KOjl1HalKaJIOCT )J,06Mja H ejiemehte HOBOKOMrro HOBaHor CMCTeMa ectetckhx H OCTaJIHX yp6aho-coqmjajihhx 176

PYPMHA APXI1TEK1YPA CTAPOr JE3rPA 3EMYHA 7. Ileo dipoutua Tpo6JbaHCKe y.auue y Ctuaposc jestpy Seuyna, CHU.MJbeHO 60-ux toquua UpOLUJlol eexa Bpep;HOCTM, perxo aqmpmatmbhmx y OP;HOCy na nocrojehy apxrrretcrypy. MO/KJ.\a 6M nyt paapeuraaarsa np06jiema M3 Met)y KOpMcHMKa M»3aIIITMTapa«rpeoano na Mp;e y npasny ahajim3e Ha4MHa KOjMM 6M ce nesacraunja jennor 'rnna 06jeKTa y 3aIIITMneHMM jesrpuaa OTKJIOHMJIa na npnponau, Haj6e360JIHMjM Ha4MH, Y3 noiiitobaihe ebojiyij,mje cravfiene xyhe, 3aBMCHO on MCTOpMjCKMX, apxmtektohcko-yp6ahmctm4 KMX M am6mjehtajihmx spemrocra naror npocropa. HMIIITa HOBO HMje pexeao akoce npmmetmna je canannsa TPeHp; npobmhij,mjajim3aij,mje rpana p;ectpyktmbah Y OP;HOCy na pypanny apxnrexrypy, xoja je yrpozceaa My ayroxromoa ce OCKMM cpenmraxra. CBeCHM p;pyiiitbehmx npoxtena xoje rpajy,... MopaMO OCTaTM M p;ocjiep;hm y nacrojarsy na ce HaJ3Ha4aJHMjM npmmepij,m pypanne apxmtektypecaxyaajy y aytehth4hom CTaIhY xao My3ejcKM ekcnohatm, npexra KOH3epBaTopCKMM ycjiobmma Hap;JIeiKHMX CJIyiK6M 3aIIITMTe. Y IJ,MJbY 04YBaIha am6mjehta 3aIIITMneHMx jesrapa, MOiKe ce pa3motpmtm 3aMeHa pypajihe xyhe MaJIOBapOIIIKOM y rpanonnaa, sa xoje je KapaKTepMCTM4aH passoj ctam6ehor 06jeKTa on TPIII4ape, rj, sojaohaacxe pypanne xyhe, xao IIITO je TO CJIy4aj y CTapOM je3rpy 3eMyHa. CTaM6eHa apxirrerc Typa M xynrypa CTaHOBaIha na OBOM rpancxou nonpy-ijy, ykjby4yjynm M I'apnom, paasnjana ce M ebojiympajia on jen HOCTaBHe npm3emhmij,e M3p;YiKeHe OCHOBe CYiKOM CTPaHOM na yjimij,m, npexo npm3emhmij,e M3p;YiKeHe OCHOBe ca IIIMpOM crpa HOMna YJIMIJ,M, xoja Ben npencranrsa MaJIOrpap;cKy apxmtekrypy; P;O nncorconaprepnexyhe Mnarsejennocrrparae CTaM6e- He srpane KapaKTepMCTM4He sa P;OIhM neo jesrpa. IIoIIITyjynM ebojiyij,mjy craafienor 06jeKTa ocasraaecror Mneseraaecror sexa y 3aIIITMneHMM rpap;ckmm jearpnsra rpefia carnenarn MorynHocT sa p;ajbm passoj rpana, npnxaaranexr HOBe nsrpan Ihe xoja nparn MCTOpMjCKM KOHTMHyMTeT passoja TMnOJIOrMja xyhe nare cpemme; CBaKaKO TaMO rne je TO Moryne 11 rne 6M npennozcena MHTepBeHIJ,Mja 6MJIa aqmpmatmbha y yp;hocy na nocrojehe ncropajcxe, apxrrrercroncrce, yp6ahmctm4ke M am6mjehtajiheapemrocrn (rpana, jesrpa, yjii1ij,e, rpra, 6JIoxa, napuerre) ypfianor npocropa. Kaxo cy na npocropy je3 rpa 3eMyHa pyparme xyhe y najsehea npoij,ehty spennoaane xao am6mjehtajihe, (naxne jep;hmm on HMiKMX crenena BaJIOpM3aIJ,Mje), IhMXOBOM TPaHC OpMaIJ,MjoM y MaJIOBapOIIIKM THn xojnje MCTOpMjCKM MeBOJIYTMBHO CeKoHoMCKO-COIJ,MOJIOIIIKOr acnexra onpasnan, raxohe KapaKTepMcTM4aH sa apxnrex TOHcKo-yp6aHMcTM4Ky CJIMKy jesrpa, (BpeP;HoBaH Mp;eHTM4Ho xao am6mjehtajiah), P;06MJIM 6MCMO Y nojemmasnou CMMCJIy n060jbiiiaihe KBaJIMTeTa CTaHOBaIha xoje je HyiKHO y rpancxoj Cpep;I1HI1, a na MaKpo nnany 6M ce 04yBaJIa am6mjehtajiha spennocr npocropa 11 ejii1mmhi1cajia MorynHocT nenacrnpaaa am6mjehtajihmx npennocrn ynyrap rrpocropne KyJITyp HO-MCTopMjcKe IJ,eJIMHe. Be3 npereasnja na je npennoxceao peuren.e uajrrpiorepenaje, 063MpOM na oniiite nperxonno nasenene p;pyiiitbehe ycjiobe, IherOBOM npmmehom YMaIhMo 6M ce resmo nesacra IJ,Mje KyJITYpHor nacneha, xoja rpaje. Hauouene: I Be1.J., KOMOpHH apxna, 0102 2 MY3ej rpana Beorpana, 1-2186 3 I'pyna aytopa,,1],etajbhh yp6ahhcth1.j.kh nnan I'apnour, Beorpan, 1980. 4 I1CTOpHjCKH apxhb Beorpana, CO 3eMyH, xyrnja 275 Jluuiepautypa: - }K. IIIKaJIaMepa, Crapo jesrpo 3eMyHa II, 3aBop: sa 3alllTHTY crro MeHHKa xyrrrype rpana Beorpana, Caormrreaa, CBeCKa 5, Beorpan 1966. - Ipyna ayropa,,1],etajbhh yp6ahhcth1.j.kh nnan I'apnonr, Beorpan 1980. -,1],.,1],HMHTpHjeBHll, M.,1],a6HlKHll, I'apnonr, I'nac, Beorpan 1986. 177

KOH3EPBATOPCKH nphctyn / AJ\EKCAH4PA M. MEVllKVln SUMMARY: Aleksandra M. Dabiiic RURAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE OLD CENTER OF ZEMUN VALORIZATION AND CONSERVATORY TREATMENT OF RURAL HOUSE IN THE OLD TOWN CENTER In the aim to preserve the ambience of protected old town centers in modern cities, one may consider a possibility of THE RURAL HOUSE REPLACEMENT BY SMALL TOWN HOUSE. In the case of old town center in Zemun, housing development began with construction of reed houses, e.g., characteristic rural houses of Voivodina. Residential architecture and housing culture in the noted part of town, including Gardos, emerged and developed from simple ground floor dwellings of elongated groundplan with their narrower end facing the street. Ground floor houses of elongated groundplan with wider side facing the street, already representing the small town architecture, succe-eded them. Houses with high ground floor then followed, along with those havingone floor, which were typical for the lower part of the old town center. While taking care about evolution of XVIII and XIX century dwelling objects in the old town centers, a prospect for further town development should also be envisioned. We assume that new building should be allowed if the historical continuity in development of house typology was respected in the given ambient. Certainly, that could be done only in places where it was practicable and where the proposed intervention could affirm the existing historical, architectural, urbanistic and ambiental values of urban space (town, old town center, street, square, block, tract of land). Rural houses located in the old town center were for the most part evaluated as ambiental ones, i.e., they coresponded to lower degree of evaluation. Their eventual replacement by the small town type of houses is socio-economically justified in respect to historical evolution of housing. Small town houses are equally characteristic for the architectural-urbanistic picture of the old town center, and their value is ranked identically as an ambiental one. In this way, a better quality of housing, which is substantial in towns, could be obtained in regard to individual cases. In more general terms, the ambiental value of space will be preserved, and a possibility of devastation of ambiental values in the interior of cultural-historical unit could be eliminated. 178