54 Czas Past Simple - zdanie twierdzące

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1 54 Czas Past Simple - zdanie twierdzące Czas Past Simple jest czasem przeszłym opisującym czynność wykonaną w przeszłości. Czynność taka nie ma związku z teraźniejszością, ani też nie wywiera na nią żadnego wpływu. Czas wykonania czynności może zostać określony na początku lub na końcu zdania. Czasowniki występujące w czasie Past Simple dzielą się na regularne oraz nieregularne. Czas przeszły czasownika regularnego tworzy się przez dodanie końcówki -ed np. watch - watched play - played jump - jumped relax - relaxed Jeżeli czasownik zakończony jest samogłoską e, wówczas należy dodać tylko końcówkę -d np. like - liked hope - hoped move - moved imagine - imagined Czasowników nieregularnych należy nauczyć się na pamięć. (Tabela czasowników nieregularnych znajduje się na końcu książki.) W zdaniu twierdzącym czasu Past Simple czasownik ma jednakową formę przy każdej osobie liczby pojedynczej i mnogiej. czasownik regularny I opened the door. You opened the door. He opened the door. She opened the door. It opened the door. We opened the door. You opened the door. They opened the door. czasownik nieregularny I came late. You came late. He came late. She came late. It came late. We came late. You came late. They came late. W zdaniu w czasie przeszłym mogą wystąpić określenia oraz przysłówki czasu przeszłego w postaci: yesterday the day before yesterday one week ago last year wczoraj przedwczoraj tydzień temu w zeszłym roku Mr and Mrs Thompson moved to Washington five years ago. Yesterday, I met my old friend in a shop. Last Monday, Rosy gave me her phone number but I lost it. Columbus discovered America in

2 I. Przepisz zdania w czasie Past Simple. 1. Lisa comes to school at We watch films late at night Uncle Bob lives in Arizona Our neighbour drives a Toyota I buy a ham sandwich Mr Jones gives me a ride We take photos on holiday Tony works in a bank You swim very well She brings us sweets.... II. Uzupełnij zdania czasownikami w czasie Past Simple. begin break build cook laugh tell travel watch 1. My mother... tomato soup for dinner yesterday. 2. We... in Greece last year. The country is beautiful. 3. Ralph... me about your problems. I would like to help you. 4. Our exam... at nine and it finished at twelve. 5. My great grandfather... this house in I... a fantastic match on TV last night. 7. Your jokes were very funny. We... all the time. 8. My brother... his leg in winter. III. Uzupełnij zdania czasownikami w czasie Past Simple. 1. I... (see) Peter in a department store last Tuesday. 2. The man... (speak) English very well. 3. Yesterday, Adam... (find) a wallet in the street. 4. The Browns... (go) home very early. 5. This morning, I... (get) up at seven. 6. Van Gogh... (paint) The Sunflowers. 7. Mary... (write) a letter to her parents one week ago. 8. It... (rain) hard two weeks ago. 9. Mr Peters... (show) us his new office last month. 10. I... (wait) for you until eleven. 11. Joe and Helen... (meet) last Saturday. 12. My dog... (jump) high when he... (see) me. 13. We all... (understand) the Englishman very well. 14. Bobby... (eat) a fruit salad for lunch yesterday. 15. The baby... (cry) because she was hungry. 115

3 55 Czas Past Simple - pytania i przeczenia Czas Past Simple jest czasem przeszłym opisującym czynność wykonaną w przeszłości. Czynność taka nie ma związku, ani też nie wywiera wpływu na teraźniejszość. Cechą charakterystyczną czasu Past Simple jest operator did służący do tworzenia pytań i zaprzeczeń. Operator did jest jednakowy dla wszystkich osób liczby pojedynczej i mnogiej. Aby utworzyć pytanie, operator did należy umieścić przed podmiotem, na początku zdania. Należy pamiętać, że w pytaniach czasownik występuje w postaci bezokolicznika. zdanie twierdzące I played cards. You watched a film. She went shopping. He read a book. It rained. We talked. You cooked dinner. They met in the park. pytanie Did I play cards? Did you watch a film? Did she go shopping? Did he read a book? Did it rain? Did we talk? Did you cook dinner? Did they meet in the park? W pytaniu określenie czasu przeszłego zajmuje miejsce wyłącznie na końcu zdania. Did Adam go shopping yesterday? Did you go to the cinema last Saturday? Zdanie przeczące tworzy się przy użyciu operatora did not lub jego skróconej postaci didn t. Operator jest jednakowy dla wszystkich osób liczby pojedynczej i mnogiej. Zajmuje on miejsce przed czasownikiem. Należy pamiętać, że czasownik ma wówczas postać bezokolicznika. pełna forma przecząca I did not play cards. You did not watch a film. She did not go shopping. He did not read a book. It did not rain. We did not talk. You did not cook dinner. They did not meet in the park. skrócona forma przecząca I didn t play cards. You didn t watch a film. She didn t go shopping. He didn t read a book. It didn t rain. We didn t talk. You didn t cook dinner. They didn t meet in the park. 116

4 I. Zamień zdania twierdzące na pytania. 1. Helen went to Paris last Monday. Did Helen......? 2. I bought a new book yesterday....? 3. Mr Bloggs opened his shop at ten....? 4. We met Alex at a party....? 5. You spoke to Mrs Harris last week....? 6. It snowed last month....? 7. I made a mistake....? 8. She did shopping one hour ago....? II. Napisz pytania według przykładu. 1. Simon ate porridge. Did Robert eat porridge, too? 2. Alice read a magazine.... Betty......? 3. You worked late.... your wife......? 4. Mr Jackson bought a car.... Mr Sparks...? 5. They went for a walk.... you......? 6. We slept in a tent.... the other children......? 7. Mary painted flowers.... Susan......? 8. Jack wore glasses.... Ronald...? III. Napisz zdania według przykładu. 1. I / drink / tea / coffee I did not drink tea. I drank coffee. 2. Sue / buy / a dress / shoes You / watch / a film / cartoons Frank / go to / Holland / Spain We / play / football / basketball Joe / meet / Helen / Linda It / snow / rain They / miss / a train / a bus... IV. Napisz zaprzeczenia nieprawdziwych informacji. 1. Chopin lived in Ireland. Chopin didn t Columbus discovered Africa Dinosaurs died out fifty years ago The World War II began in A UFO landed in Poland last year Edison invented the computer Picasso painted The Sunflowers Jack London wrote thrillers

5 53 Present Simple - Present Continuous I. 1. is sitting 2. doesn t live 3. are coming 4. never snows 5. don t like 6. is playing 7. don t have 8. are doing 9. Do you remember 10. sometimes wears II. 1. I like it. 2. OK. 3. Is Eric sleeping at the moment? 4. OK. 5. I see Peter OK. 7. They usually come late. 8. This woman does not understand Italian. 9. it is raining 10. OK. III. 1. lives 2. do not usually come 3. are playing 4. Does Jenny like 5. do not speak 6. is repairing 7. always go 8. is riding 9. am wearing 10. is not doing 11. knows 12. Do you believe 13. are resting 14. Are your friends travelling 15. never cooks 54 Czas Past Simple - zdanie twierdzące I. 1. Lisa came to school at 2. We watched films 3. Uncle Bob lived in 4. Our neighbour drove 5. I bought a ham 6. Mr Jones gave me 7. We took photos 8. Tony worked in 9. You swam 10. She brought II. 1. cooked 2. travelled 3. told 4. began 5. built 6. watched 7. laughed 8. broke III. 1. saw 2. spoke 3. found 4. went 5. got 6. painted 7. wrote 8. rained 9. showed 10. waited 11. met 12. jumped, saw 13. understood 14. ate 15. cried 55 Czas Past Simple - pytania i przeczenia I. 1. Did Helen go to Paris last Monday? 2. Did I buy a new book yesterday? 3. Did Mr Bloggs open his shop at ten? 4. Did we meet Alex at a party? 5. Did you speak to Mrs Harris last week? 6. Did it snow last month? 7. Did I make a mistake? 8. Did she do shopping one hour ago? II. 1. Przykład 2. Did Betty read a magazine, too? 3. Did your wife work late, too? 4. Did Mr Sparks buy a car, too? 5. Did you go for a walk, too? 6. Did the other children sleep in a tent, too? 7. Did Susan paint flowers, too? 8. Did Ronald wear glasses, too? III. 1. Przykład 2. Sue did not buy a dress. She bought shoes. 3. You did not watch a film. You watched cartoons. 4. Frank did not go to Holland. He went to Spain. 5. We did not play football. We played basketball. 6. Joe did not meet Helen. He met Linda. 7. It did not snow. It rained. 8. They did not miss a train. They missed a bus. 212

6 IV. 1. Chopin didn t live in Ireland. 2. Columbus didn t discover Africa. 3. Dinosaurs didn t die out fifty years ago. 4. The World War II didn t begin in A UFO didn t land in Poland last year. 6. Edison didn t invent the computer. 7. Picasso didn t paint The Sunflowers. 8. Jack London didn t write thrillers. 56 Czas Past Continuous - zdanie twierdzące I. 1. I was talking on the phone. 2. Jenny was reading a newspaper. 3. You were doing your homework. 4. Uncle John was chopping firewood. 5. Fred and Tim were quarrelling. 6. It was raining. 7. We were playing football. 8. They were making a snowman. 9. Your dog was barking. 10. Mrs Brush was cleaning her house. II. 1. was playing 2. were doing 3. was watching 4. were snoring 5. was repairing 6. was going 7. was ringing 8. was beating III. 1. was doing 2. was raining 3. were driving 4. were fighting 5. was studying 6. was landing IV. Przykłady zdań: 1. was sleeping in his armchair. 2. was plying computer games. 3. was making sandwiches. 4. was talking to one of the students. 5. were waving us good-bye. 6. was standing in the school door. 57 Czas Past Continuous - pytanie i przeczenie I. 1. Was 2. Were 3. Was 4. Were 5. Was 6. Was 7. Was 8. Were II. 1. Was Brian painting the walls 2. Were the Greens dancing Was Tom resting 4. Was Mr Dean waiting Was Sarah cooking 6. Were you sleeping 7. Were we talking Was the wind blowing III. 1. was not reading 2. were not playing 3. was not raining 4. was not listening 5. were not writing 6. were not jogging 7. was not washing 8. were not eating IV. Przykłady zdań: was not watching television. 2. was not working in her office. 3. were not having a barbecue 4. was not driving my father s car 5. was not watching television 6. was not asking us questions 7. was not playing in the backyard were not eating dinner 213