100 najważniejszych Phrasal Verbs

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1 100 najważniejszych Phrasal Verbs Phrasal Verb Znaczenie Przykład Synonim/Antonim Uwagi come across sb/sth spotkać kogoś przypadkiem, natknąć się na coś He came across some of his old love letters in his wife's desk. I've never come across anyone S: bump into sb/run into sb, stumble across sth look after sb/sth/yourself take after sb give sth away opiekować się kimś, zajmować się czymś być podobnym do kogoś (odziedziczyć po kimś wygląd, zachowanie) rozdawać coś, oddawać coś za darmo quite like her before. Don't worry, I'll look after the kids tomorrow. I'm leaving you here to look after the business until I get back. Jenny really takes after her mother. I gave most of my books away when I left college. We have 1,000 CDs to give away to our readers. put sth away odłożyć coś na miejsce Put that book away, will you? He put his toys away every night. throw sth away wyrzucać coś, pozbywać się czegoś I never throw clothes away. call back, call sb back oddzwonić do kogoś I'll call you back in a couple of minutes. Can you call back later? break down zepsuć się The car broke down just north of Paris. S: take care of, care for Look after yourself Dbaj o siebie (używane przy żegnaniu się z kimś) Rzeczownik: a giveaway prezent reklamowy Odkładać pieniądze: She's putting money away for her holidays. Trwonić pieniądze: I can't afford to throw money away. Zamiast call można użyć słów ring lub phone Rzeczownik: a breakdown awaria Always carry a phone with you in case you have a breakdown on the motorway.

2 cut down ograniczyć I've always smoked, but I'm trying to cut down. Cut down on fatty foods if you want to lose weight. let sb down rozczarować, zawieść kogoś She had been let down badly in the past. I won t let you down this time. put sb or sth down położyć na ziemię, stół itp. Put those heavy bags down for a minute. settle down ustatkować się (w życiu) They'd like to see their daughter settle down, get married, and have kids. slow down zwolnić The ice on the road slowed us down. Growth in sales has slowed down. turn sb or sth down odrzucać (ofertę), odmawiać (komuś) They offered her the job but she turned it down. Josie's already turned him down (=refused his offer of marriage). write sth down zapisać, zanotować This is the address. Do you want to write it down? look for szukać I m looking for a job at hte moment. look forward to sth cieszyć się na coś I m looking forward to my hoildays. check in zameldować się (w hotelu), zgłosić się do odprawy (na lotnisku) We checked in at the Blue Beach hotel. You need to check in at least 30 minutes before the flight. S: give up rzucić Cut back on sth A: pick up - podnieść Rzeczownik: a letdown rozczarowanie The end of the book was a real letdown. Inne znaczenia: uspokoić się Shh! Settle down please! Now turn to page 57. S: slow up Rzeczownik: a slowdown zwolnienie tempa: a slowdown in the US economy Inne znaczenie: ściszać, zmiejszać moc: Can you turn the TV down? I'm trying to work. Antonim: turn sth up A: check out Często używane jako zakończenie listów formalnych: I look forward to hearing from you soon.

3 fill sth in wypełnić Don't forget to fill in your boarding cards. get in wsiadać, wchodzić He got in his car and drove off. How did the burglars get in? cut sb off przerywać (np. połączenie telefoniczne), przerywać komuś Emma cut him off in mid-sentence. I don't know what happened - we just got cut off. cut sb or sth off odciąć, odizolować The gas had been cut off. In winter, the town is often cut off by snow. Many older people feel cut off and isolated. drop sb or sth off podrzucić (np. samochodem), wysadzić kogoś I'll drop you off on my way home. We dropped off our bags at the hotel. get off wysiadać, zsiadać You d better get off your bike. I saw her getting off the train. go off wybuchnąć, wystrzelić, włączyć się The bomb went off at 6.30 this morning. I've set the alarm clock to go off at 7 am. The gun went off and the bullet went flying over his head. go off zepsuć się (o jedzeniu) The milk's gone off. log off wylogować się Don t forget to log off when you finish. put sb off sth zniechęcić kogoś do czegoś His manner tends to put people off. Don't let your failures put you off trying harder. The accident put me off driving for a long time. Można również: fill out a form A: get out (of) Używamy get on gdy mowa o środkach transportu publicznego Również odciąć: Cut the fat off the meat. A: pick sb up I will pick you up at 7. A: get on S: log out A: log on/log in Off-putting - zniechęcający

4 put sb off sth put sth off przeszkadzać komuś w czymś odłożyć coś, przełożyć coś na później, opóźnić coś It puts me off when you watch me all the time. The loud music put me off my work. The match has been put off until tomorrow because of bad weather. I put off going to the doctor but I wish I hadn't. set off wyruszyć He started the car and set off down the road. I usually set off for school at about 7. S: set out, używane gdy mowa o dłuższych wyprawach take off wystartować (o samolocie) The plane took off at 12. A: land Rzeczownik: a take-off We were a bit late taking off. take sth off ściągnąć (ubranie) Take off your shoes, please. A: put on Why don t you take your coat off? tell sb off upominać kogoś, udzielać komuś nagany My dad told me off for swearing. Rzeczownik: a telling-off - reprymenda turn sth off wyłączyć, zakręcić Finally he turned off the light and left the office. She forgot to turn off the tap. A: put on come on pospiesz się, dalej, dawaj (używane jako zachęta do zrobienia czegoś), proszę cię (używane by pokazać, że wiemy, że ktoś nie mówi prawdy) Come on! We will be late. Come on, Lucy. Give us a smile. You thought the movie was good? Come on, it was horrible. S: come along get on mieć z kimś dobre stosunki, dobrze się z kimś dogadywać, lubić kogoś I've always got on well with Henry. The two boys get on well most of the time. S: get along with

5 get on Wsiadać He got on his bike and rode off. We were waiting to get on our plane. The bus was full and I didn t get on. go on trwać, kontynuować He went on working until he was 91. I can't go on like this for much longer. One of the actors was unwell and couldn't go on with the performance. go on dziać się, wydarzyć I don't know what's going on. Like all good resorts, there is plenty going on. have (got) sth on mieć coś na sobie I had on a pair of jeans and a T- shirt. I can t see that. I haven t got my glasses on. hold on poczekać, zaczekać Hold on, I'll just get my coat. Can you hold on a minute? I'll try to find her. log on(to) sth zalogować się You need to log on to your home page. Can you show me how to log on? put on założyć (ubranie) Put on a clean shirt before dinner. He had a shower and put a new T- shirt on. turn sth on włączyć Jake turned on his computer and checked his mail. He turned on the gas and lit the stove. A: get off S: carry on Go on znaczy również trwać: The lesson goes on until 10. S: hang on S: log in, log into A: log off Inne znaczenia: włączyć: Can we have the heating on? planować: Have you got anything on tomorrow? A: take sth off Inne znaczenie: nakładać makijaż, używać perfumów: She spends a long time putting on her make-up. A: turn sth off, switch off Inne znaczenia: podniecać The way he looked at her really turned her on.

6 check out (of sth) wymeldować się We checked out of the Hilton at noon. find (sth) out dowiedzieć się, odkryć I later found out that she had been lying to me. To find out more, visit our website. get out (of sth) wyjść, wydostać się I need to get out of my car to see a street name. Get out of the kitchen! He was determined to get out of prison. give out rozdawać coś, wręczać coś (grupie osób) Students were giving out leaflets to everyone on the street. Can you give the drinks out, please? go out wychodzić z domu I'm going out with the girls. I need to help my mother before I can go out. We went out for a meal and then on to a movie. A: check in Inne znaczenia: sprawdzić I made a phone call to check out his address. patrzeć na kogoś/coś Hey, check out that car! A: get in, get off - wysiadać (z pociągu, samolotu) S: hand out Inne znaczenia: emitować A gas lamp gave out a pale yellowish light. oświadczać coś It was given out that the government was to enter into negotiations with the rebels. A: stay in Do you want to go out tonight or would you rather stay in? go out chodzić z, umawiać się (być z kimś w związku) They've been going out for two years now. Tina used to go out with my brother. How long have you been going out together? go out przestać się palić, zgasnąć The fire went out. A: come on The lights Podobny zwrot put out:

7 Suddenly the candle went out. suddenly came on again. zgasić coś, ugasić coś (np. światło, ogień) The rescue services are still trying to put out the fires. leave sb/sth out (of sth) pomijać, opuszczać I think I might have left something out. He has been left out of the team. put sb out narażać kogoś na niedogodności, zawracać komuś głowę Mary can't come to dinner tonight. She hopes it won't put you out. I would love a cup of tea, if it doesn t put you out too much. put sth out zgasić, ugasić The rescue services are still trying to put out the fires. Put that cigarette out, please. run out (of sth) sell out (of sth) sort out kończyć się, wyczerpywać się, zabraknąć wyprzedać, dobrze się sprzedawać rozwiązać (problem), uporządkować (sprawy) She no longer works and her money has run out. My patience was running out. We must act now because time is running out. I have run out of sugar. Tickets for the game are selling out very quickly. We've completely sold out of those shirts in your size, sir. Sorry, we're sold out. She went to a psychiatrist to try to sort out her problems. Hopefully all the problems will be sorted out soon. I must sort out some things first. Inne znaczenia: postarać się They had put themselves out to entertain her during her visit. Formalne słowo to extinguish Inne znaczenie: posortować (np. dokumenty) I've sorted out the papers that can be thrown away. wear (sth) out zużyć się, zniszczyć się (np. My boots are beginning to wear Przymiotnik: worn-out

8 wear sb/yourself out work out buty) wyczerpać kogoś, wycieńczyć kogoś sprawdzać się, powieść się, poprawiać się out. He travels so much he actually wears out suitcases. The sofa has been completely worn out. All this shopping has worn us out. Illness and death came suddenly; over the years she had simply worn herself out. My trip to London didn t work out the way I had planned. Things will work out, you'll see. zużyty: He was wearing a pair of worn-out trousers. Przymiotnik: worn out wycieńczony You must be absolutely worn out. Inne znaczenia: ćwiczyć (fizycznie): He works out in the gym with weights twice a week. Rzeczownik: workout - trening, ćwiczenia work out rozwiązać, obliczyć, opracować, wymyślić The plot is very complicated - it'll take you a while to work it out. We need to work out how we're going to get there. I can t work out how you got here so quickly. S: figure out fall over przewrócić się, upaść Tommy fell over and cut his knee badly. I just touched the vase and it fell over. get over sb/sth wyzdrowieć, przeboleć, mieć coś za sobą It's taken me ages to get over the flu. She never got over the death of her son. He will never get over losing her. turn sb/sth over odwrócić kartkę, odwrócić Turn over and look at the next S: fall down Fall over sth potknąć się o coś: She fell over the dog and broke her front teeth. S: be over

9 come round be up to sb coś na drugą stronę przyjść, wpaść (do kogoś z wizytą) zależeć od kogoś, być czyimś obowiązkiem page. Can you turn the steak over? The car skidded on the icy road and turned over. Why don't you come round for lunch? I'll come around later and see how you are. The decision is up to you. It was up to John to prepare everything. be up to sth porabiać coś, kombinować What are the children up to? What have you been up to recently? blow (sth) up wybuchnąć, wysadzić w powietrze The plane blew up in mid-air. They threatened to blow the building up. blow up nadmuchiwać Can you blow up this balloon? We'll blow the tyres up. break up rozejść się, rozstać się, zerwać ze sobą (np. związek, małżeństwo) He lost his job and his marriage broke up. Has Sam really broken up with Lucy? bring up wychowywać He was brought up by his grandparents. My aunt brought up her three children herself. catch up; catch sb/sth up dogonić, zrównać się Drive faster - they're catching up with us. S: come around, come over Używamy go round/go over gdy mowa o domu kogoś innego: I m going over to see Anne later. Rzeczownik: blow-up - eksplozja Przymiotnik: blow-up nadmuchiwany: a blow-up pillow Inne znaczenie: powiększyć (zdjęcie) S: split up Rzeczownik: break-up - rozpad Rzeczownik: upbringing wychowanie Czasowniki powiązane: grow up dorastać, look after opiekować się Inne znaczenie: nadrobić zaległości: If you miss a lot

10 You go on ahead. I'll catch you up in a minute. of classes, it's very difficult to catch up. cheer up; cheer sb/yourself up do sth up rozweselić się, rozchmurzyć się, rozweselać kogoś zapiąć coś, zawiązać coś (np. ubranie) Cheer up! The worst is over. They cheered up when they saw us coming along. Here's a bit of news that will cheer you up. Do up your coat or you'll get cold. a skirt which does up at the back fill sth up napełniać (np. pojemnik), wypełniać się (czymś) Shall I fill the car up (=with petrol)? Her eyes filled up with tears. He filled up my glass again. get up; get sb up wstawać, obudzić kogoś We didn't get up until lunch time. Get me up at seven, would you? give up; give up sth poddać się, rzucić coś, przestać Darren has decided to give up football at the end of this season. Why don't you give up smoking? I give up. What's the answer? A: undo S: (more specific) zip up, button up, tie up S: be up, wake up grow up dorastać, dojrzewać What do you want to be when you grow up? I grew up in Chicago. hang up; hang up sth rozłączyć się (podczas rozmowy telefonicznej) I said goodbye and hung up. Don't hang up on me. hold sb/sth up opóźniać, zatrzymywać Roadworks are holding up the traffic. Sorry I'm late - I was held up at work. Przymiotnik: grown-up dorosły Rzeczownik: grown-up - dorosły Inne znaczenie: powiesić coś: She took her coat off and hung it up. Rzeczownik: hold-up - zator, korek, opóźnienie

11 keep up (with sb/sth) look sth up nadążać, dotrzymywać kroku znajdować coś, wyszukiwać coś, sprawdzić (np. w słowniku) Lack of money has held up progress. I had to run to keep up with him. Jack's having trouble keeping up with the rest of the class. Employees need to keep up with the latest technical developments. Look the word up in your dictionary. I'll just look up the train times. make sth up wymyślić coś, zmyślić coś I think they're making the whole thing up. Nick made up a song about them. When you're the boss you can make up your own rules. S: catch up with Przymiotnik: made-up zmyślony, wymyślony own up (to sth) przyznać się (do zrobienia czegoś, szczególnie drobnostki) Come on, own up. Who broke it? No one owned up to breaking the window. pick sb/sth up podnieść The phone rang and I picked it up. A: put sth down Mummy, can you pick me up? pick sb/sth up odbierać, odebrać kogoś She just dropped by to pick up her A: drop sb/sth off mail. We can pick up the tickets tomorrow. I'll pick you up at the station. put up with sb/sth znosić kogoś/coś She put up with his violent temper. He put up with his noisy neighbours for years. set sth up założyć coś (np. firmę) They want to set up their own import-export business. Now Betterware plans to set up shop elsewhere in Europe. speak up mówić głośniej Could you speak up, please? Inne znaczenie: mówić co

12 take up sth zainteresować się czymś, podjąć coś, zająć się czymś Roger took painting up for a while, but soon lost interest. He took up golf when he retired. take up sth zajmować (czas, miejsce) Old books that were taking up space in the office. The little time I had outside of school was taken up with work. I m sorry to take up so much of your time. turn up pojawić się, przybyć You can't just turn up and expect a meal. Steve turned up late, as usual. turn sth up podkręcać coś, zwiększać Turn the oven up to 220. coś (głośność, moc) Turn up the radio! wake (sb) up obudzić się/kogoś James usually wakes up early. I'll wake you up when it's time to leave. A: give up S: show up A: turn down mamy na myśli: There was a brief silence, then Gerald spoke up.