Characteristics of Somatic and Physical Fitness Overall Olympic Taekwondo Players

Journal of Health Sciences (J of H Ss) 2013; 3 (6): 105-142 The journal has had 4 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 683. The Author (s) 2013; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of University Radom in Radom, Poland Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution oncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution on Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. Conflict of interest: one declared. Received: 15.03.2013. Revised: 15.06.2013. Accepted: 05.07.2013. Characteristics of Somatic and Physical Fitness Overall Olympic Taekwondo Players Cechy somatyczne i sprawność fizyczna ogólna zawodników Taekwondo Olimpijskiego Stankiewicz Błażej, Barbara Dix, Arkadiusz owakowski, Walery Zukow Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland Keywords: construction, indicators physical, Olympic taekwondo. Słowa kluczowe: budowa fizyczna, wskaźniki ciała, taekwondo olimpijskie. Abstract Purpose of the research was an analysis in terms of somatic features and overall performance of players of Tae kwon do. The subject of research were the players of which contain vast collections of Tae kwon do Club 350 "fifteen". Research included 32 people at the age of fourteen, fifteen, sixteen and eighteen have been measuring and calculating the BMI index body and an International physical agility test, which included: long jump, overhang on bended arms (girls) or subject to hanging on the stick (the boys), the swinging 4 times 10 m moving bricks, seda with lying and slope of the trunk in front. The results obtained were analyzed in terms of gender and age. The results obtained were compared with the results of the test carried out in regional peers 2001 by Mark apierała. From the study, the following conclusions were reached: age has an impact on the national Fitness Test results between. Olympic Taekwondo players outperform peers in the province. Gender has an impact on the results obtained Between ational physical fitness Test, girls achieve worse results. Olympic Taekwondo is a sport for everyone. Among the players of Tae kwon do no obese people. Streszczenie Celem badań była analiza pod względem cech somatycznych i sprawności ogólnej zawodników taekwondo. Przedmiotem badań byli zawodnicy bydgoskiego klubu taekwondo MUKS piętnastka. Badania objęły 32 osoby w wieku czternastu, piętnasty, szesnastu i osiemnastu 105

lat. Dokonano pomiaru masy i wysokości ciała, obliczeniu wskaźnika BMI oraz przeprowadzono Międzynarodowy test sprawności fizycznej, który obejmował: skok w dal, zwis na ugiętych rękach (dziewczęta) lub podciąganie w zwisie na drążku (chłopcy), bieg wahadłowy 4 razy 10 m z przenoszeniem klocków, siady z leżenia oraz skłon tułowia w przód. Otrzymane wyniki analizowano pod względem płci i wieku. Uzyskane wyniki porównano z wynikami rówieśników z badań regionalnych przeprowadzonych w 2001 roku przez Marka apierałę. Z badań wyciągnięto następujące wnioski: ma wpływ na wyniki Między arodowego Testu Sprawności Fizycznej. Zawodnicy Taekwondo Olimpijskiego osiągają lepsze wyniki niż rówieśnicy w województwie. Płeć ma wpływ na uzyskane wyniki Między arodowego Testu Sprawności Fizycznej, dziewczyny osiągają gorsze wyniki. Taekwondo Olimpijskie to sport dla każdego. Wśród zawodników taekwondo nie ma osób otyłych. Introduction Life in the twenty-first century has its pluses and minuses. For sure the development of technology that allows us to interact more easily, easier access to knowledge and a greater range of activities is a plus. But more often observes a change in the mentality of children living today. They are found less and less interest in the privilege of sport, physical recreation - the simplest fun in the fresh air. Youth and more often as a form of leisure chosen games, Internet, etc.. Which brings me to what time prevalence posture, obesity, lack of fitness which in time will lead to the formation of various kinds of diseases. The object of this study was to test the youth Olympic Taekwondo Training in Bydgoszcz. Interschool Students' Sports Club "Fifteen". We analyzed somatic characteristics (height, weight, and BMI) and researched the overall efficiency the tests carried out with MTSF-in. The aim of this study was to investigate how does the trained youth to their peers living in Kujawsko- Pomorskie. The comparison was made on the basis of brand apierała conducted in 2001. It was also examined differences in the structure of somatic and performance in MTSF because of the age of the drivers sex. Materials and methods The study was carried out on players between the Student Sports Club Fifteen Bydgoszcz, which is based in the School of Sport Championship o XX in. The study was carried out between the overall efficiency of the national physical agility test and measure your height and weight from which BMI was calculated. The study was carried out in the school athletic on 11-12 March 2013 in the group between the ages of 14-18.The subjects were divided into two groups, a group of girls Dukes and a group of boys. Figure shows below the age distribution of respondents. 106

Figure 1 The age distribution of students surveyed (Source: own) The study took place in the gym, the school playground with a treadmill and a nurse's office, where the subjects were weighed and measured. Before starting the tests the players took part in a two minute warm-up, the order in accordance with the rules of conduct MTSF. The subjects wore during rehearsals in sports attire: shorts, white T-shirt, sports shoes. The tests took place in the morning between 7 and 11 Overall performance test consisted of the following tests: - Run over a distance of 50 long jump with space measuring the strength of the hand using a dynamometer rising up on the stick for men, for women with bent shoulders sag pole swinging 4x10 m Traces of lying back performed in 30 seconds bend the trunk forward - Run 1000m for men for women 800m (Pilicz 1997 Warsaw) to measure the development of somatic used medical attention, and as anthropometric edge. The subjects were dressed in sports clothes without shoes. The study was performed as follows: - The height of the body - the test was part of the importance of the height-integrated, accepted the position straight back to measure the arms straight at your sides, legs straight, feet joined, head set to Frankfurt. The test was performed with an accuracy of 0.1 cm. - Body weight - tested entered the medical importance in sports clothing without shoes. The measurements were made with a precision of 0.1 kg. The measurement results were used to determine body types for each tested person. Types of body slenderness ratio Rohrer determined using the key characteristics of Curtius and Kretschmer, according to the following formulas: masa ciała w gramach 100 I = 3 wysokość ciała w cm We also calculated the BMI. BMI range for the primary classification: <18.5 - underweight 18,5-24,99 - correct value 25.0 - overweight 107

The results were compared with the results of the regional (apierała 2005). The results were processed statistically and calculated: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation. Results: Table 1. Summary of numerical studies of weight and 14 boys. umber of respondents Gender Body height [cm] Body weight [kg] 1 m. 14 178 65 2 m. 14 154 41.5 3 m. 14 167 57.5 4 m. 14 173 55 Table 1 summarizes the numerical results obtained by the four players 14 years Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club. From the table we can read the gender, age, height and weight of the subjects. The highest test measured 178 cm. And the lowest 154 cm. The rest of the group fluctuated in the range from 167 cm to 173 cm. The highest of the study group was also classified as the heaviest of the group of the result of 65 kg. Among the heaviest boy and lightest 23.5 kg difference occurred. Table 2. Summary of numerical studies of weight and 14 year old girls. umber of respondents Gender Body height [cm] Body weight [kg] 1 D 14 164 55.2 2 D 14 160 53.5 3 D 14 157 50.4 4 D 14 161 49.8 Table 2 summarizes the numerical results obtained by the four fourteen contestants Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club. From the table we can read the gender, age, height and weight of the subjects. The highest measured the girls surveyed 164 cm. The lowest 157 cm. Between the lowest and the highest competitor appeared 7 cm difference. Body height rest of the respondents ranged between 160 cm and 161cm.Just as in the group of boys 14 years highest competitor is described as the toughest in the group, measuring her body weight was 55.2 kg. In the case of the lightest athletes of her body weight was 49.8 kg. Table 3. Summary of numerical studies of weight and 15 years boys. Item o. Gender Body height [cm] Body weight [kg] 1 m. 15 174 56.3 2 m. 15 179 73 3 m. 15 189 56 4 m. 15 160 47 Table 3 summarizes the numerical results obtained by the four fifteen-year players Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club. From the table we can read the gender, age, height and weight of the subjects. The highest of the respondents received 189 cm body height and the lowest 160 cm. The rest of the respondents fluctuates between 174cm-179 cm. The test, which has been classified as the 108

lowest is the person who received the lowest weight-47 kg. This result is about 26 kg less than that obtained by the heaviest test. The remaining subjects received the results from 56kg to 56.3 kg. Table 4. Summary of numerical studies of weight and 15 year old girls Item o. Gender Body height [cm] Body weight [kg] 1 D 15 160 45 2 D 15 165 49.7 3 D 15 166 58 4 D 15 163 55 Table 4 summarizes the numerical results obtained by the fifteen contestants wtf taekwondo section. This table shows gender, age, height and weight of the subjects. Among the surveyed girls greatest value of the test body received an increase in 166 cm. The lowest among respondents was about 6 inches below the top athletes. The rest of the girls fit in the range from 163 cm to 163 cm. Among the surveyed girls heaviest reached 58 kg body weight and the lightest was about 13 kg lighter. The rest of the respondents classified in the range of 49.7 kg-55 kg. Table 5. Summary of numerical research body height and weight of boys and 16 years old. Item o. Gender Body height [cm] Body weight [kg] 1 m. 16 177 75 2 m. 16 166 53 3 m. 16 180 60 4 m. 16 166.5 57 Table 5 summarizes the numerical results obtained by the four sixteen-year players Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club. From the table we can read the gender, age, height and weight of the subjects. The highest of the surveyed boys earned 180 cm body height, while the lowest 166 cm. The rest of the players ranged between 166.5 cm and 177 cm. The heaviest of riders weighing 75 kg, 53 kg and the lightest. The rest of the subjects ranged from 57-60 kg. Table 6 Summary of numerical studies of weight and 16 year old girls Item o. Gender Body height [cm] Body weight [kg] 1 D 16 156 48.6 2 D 16 160 49 3 D 16 155 44 4 D 16 171 63 Table 6 provides a summary of numerical studies of weight and sixteen-athletes Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club. This table shows gender, age, body height and weight. The highest of the surveyed girls received 171 cm body height of 16 cm more than the lowest. The heaviest of sixteen is the heaviest person in the group generated net 63 kg of 19 kg more than the lightest. 109

Table 7 Summary of numerical studies of weight and 18 boys of summer. umber of Body weight Gender Body height [cm] respondents [kg] 1 m. 18 178 63.1 2 m. 18 181 80.3 3 m. 18 176 65.5 4 m. 18 171 58.3 Table 7 summarizes the numerical results obtained by the four eight teenage athletes Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club. From the table we can read the gender, age, height and weight of the subjects. The highest of the respondents olds received 181 cm body height of 10 cm more than the lowest. The rest of the respondents ranged between 176 and 178 cm. The heaviest was highest among subjects weighing 80.3 kg, and lowest yielding results lightest 58.3 kg. The rest of the players ranged from 63-56 kg. Table 8 Summary of numerical studies of weight and 18 year old girls. Item o. Gender Body height [cm] Body weight [kg] 1 D 18 176 66 2 D 18 172 68 3 D 18 174 59 4 D 18 175 63 Table 8 summarizes the numerical studies of weight and eighteen-year-athletes Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club. This table shows gender, age, body height and weight. The highest amount received athlete body measuring 176 cm by 4 cm more than the lowest. The rest ranged from 174-175 cm. The lowest of the eighteen-year-athletes turned out to be the hardest to give the result of 68 kg of 9 kg more than the lightest. The rest of the girls were in the range of 63-66 kg. Table 9 Summary statistics study of a group of boys body (cm) Value min Value Average Arithmetic Standard deviation Coefficient of variation 14 4 154 178 168 8.97 0.05 15 4 160 189 175 10.45 0.06 16 4 166 180 172.38 6.22 0.04 18 4 171 181 175.6 3.64 0.02 Table 9 represents a statistical summary of the body of research in the group of men. The study of the body exhibit that with growing age arithmetic average height. Between the youngest and oldest vintage test of maximum difference. The arithmetic mean of the body with age increases by 17.6 cm. Also, between the two vintages, there is a large difference in the standard deviation, but the biggest difference in the standard deviation can be seen between 18 years and 15 years. The standard deviation of the group olds are 10,45 which means that the height deviates from the test 110

arithmetic mean of 10.45 cm in one or the other. The group olds shows a highly significant difference in the maximum and minimum value, which is up to 29 cm. What does a very high variance of results. Table 10 Comparison study their regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (cm) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 168 653 167.19 0.71 15 4 175 515 172.11 2,89 16 4 172.38 601 175.33 2.95 18 4 175.6 446) 178.78 3.18 After comparing the arithmetic means of the body, we note that in both groups there is a tendency increasing with age. Peers of regional research at fourteen and fifteen years old receive a greater average body height. The difference between the youngest group of respondents is 0.71 cm, and between 15 years is 2.89 cm. The research on older groups show that respondents from Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club receive a lower body height. Bydgoszcz taekwondoists sixteen obtain the result by 2.95 cm smaller and eighteen contestants by 3.18 cm. Table 11 Summary statistics research group of boys body weight (kg) Value min Value Average Arithmetic Standard deviation Coefficient of variation 14 4 41.5 65 54.75 8.49 0.16 15 4 47 73 58.08 9.39 0.16 16 4 53 75 61.25 8.32 0.14 18 4 58.3 80.3 66.8 8.21 0.12 The above table shows summary statistics research group weight boys. Tends to increase weight with age players. The largest difference occurs between the youngest and oldest vintage. It is the difference 12.05 kg. If 14 years olds and the coefficient of variation was maintained at 16%. The standard deviation varies much less than the height. This may be due to the fact that the athletes compete in the Olympic taekwondo competition in specific weight classes and can perform a variety of treatments to maintain a given weight. Table 12 shows a comparison of the results obtained by taekwondo competitors and peers in the regional surveys. Observing the results it can be seen that in both cases there is a tendency of increase in weight with age. early all age groups with their own research received less than the arithmetic mean boys regional research. Only fifteen riders achieve the same result as their peers in the region. 111

Table 12 Comparison study their regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (kg) Our study Regional Research The Average difference Arithmetic 14 4 54.75 801 54.84 0.09 15 4 58.08 544 58.08 0 16 4 61.25 479 65.22 3.97 18 4 66.8 482 72.31 5.51 Table 13 Summary statistics research group of girls body height (cm) Value min Value Average Arithmetic Standard deviation Coefficient of variation 14 4 157 164 160.5 2.50 0.02 15 4 160 165 162 2.12 0.01 16 4 155 171. 160.5 6.34 0.04 18 4 172 176 174.25 1,48 0.01 Table 13 summarizes the test statistics of the body of the female study group. Table I show that there is a growing trend of body height with age of the respondents. The youngest contestants received a 13.75 cm less than eighteen years of the arithmetic mean of the players. Groups of sixteen-athletes is characterized by a high standard deviation, which is 6.34. This group also received the highest coefficient of variation, which is maintained at a level of 4%. Table 14 Comparison study of the body's own girls regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (cm) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 160.5 750 162.41 1.91 15 4 162 439 163.72 1.72 16 4 160.5.532 165.31 4.81 18 4 174.25 478 165.84 8.41 The table above shows the difference in the results obtained by the body height Bydgoszcz Taekwondo athletes and counterparts from the regions. In both groups, we can see an upward trend. Only the oldest group of contestants received a higher score than their counterparts in regional studies. Obtained the result by 8.41 cm larger. 112

Table 15 Summary statistics research group of girls weight (kg) Value min Value Average Arithmetic 113 Standard deviation Coefficient of variation 14 4 49.8 53.5 51.48 1.47 0.03 15 4 45 58 51.93 4.98 0.10 16 4 44 63 51.15 7.12 0.14 18 4 59 68 64 3.39 0.05 This table shows the statistics of the results obtained in the measurement of body weight in the groups of girls. From the table it can be seen that as the body of an increasing tendency with age. The arithmetic average values obtained in the age group 14-16 years are quite close to each other. The highest arithmetic mean body weight as the body height acquired the oldest group of girls. The highest standard deviation occurred among sixteen-girls-7, 12, as the highest coefficient of variation, which is 14%. Table 16 Comparison studies of body weight girls own regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (kg) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 51.48 750 51.96 0.48 15 4 51.93 527 54.06 2.13. 16 4 51.15 383 55.33 4.18 18 4 64 444 57.4 6.6 This table shows the statistical comparison of weight gained by the Bydgoszcz Taekwondo athletes with the results of the regional. With the results it can be seen that in both groups the body weight increased with age. Girls with age range 14-16 years received less arithmetic average body weight than their counterparts in the region, the biggest difference was 4.18 kg and occurred in the group of sixteen-year girls. The largest difference was among eighteen-year players who are about 6.6 kg heavier than their counterparts in the region. It may be noted also that the weight taekwondo athletes between 14-16 years old with age varies slightly, which may be caused by assigning players to the categories of weight. Which brings us to carry out a variety of treatments for athletes to maintain a given weight. BMI BMI tests were carried out on the basis of the results obtained and the body weight MTSF. The term BMI was intended to show that among trained athletes in Bydgoszcz section of taekwondo are obese. Table 17 shows a list of numerical results of the study of BMI. From the table we can see the number of respondents, age, sex, BMI, and the range in which you find the test subject. In the male group of sixteen were tested in the range of age from 14 years to 18 years. Among the group of men, one person is qualified for the BMI as an emaciated, six people as individuals are underweight, and nine people as individuals with normal weight.

Percentage gives the result: 6.25% - persons emaciated, 37.5% - those with underweight, 56.25 - persons with the appropriate weight. Table 17 List of numerical results of the study group of male BMI Quantity Gender BMI The scope of the test 1 14 m. 20.5 Proper Weight 2 14 m. 17.5 Underweight 3 14 m. 20.6 Proper Weight 4 14 m. 18.4 Underweight 5 15 m. 18.6 Underweight 6 15 m. 22.8 Proper Weight 7 15 m. 15.7 Emaciation 8 15 m. 18.4 Underweight 9 16 m. 23.9 Proper Weight 10 16 m. 19.2 Underweight 11 16 m. 18.5 Underweight 12 16 m. 20.6 Proper Weight 13 18 m. 19.9 Proper Weight 14 18 m. 24.5 Proper Weight 15 18 m. 21.1. Proper Weight 16 18 m. 19.9 Proper Weight Table 18 shows a list of the numerical results of the study of BMI. From the table we can see the number of respondents, age, sex, BMI, and the range in which you find the test subject. In the group of females were tested sixteen women between the ages of sixteen and eighteen. Among the women surveyed six women were classified as being underweight, ten as a person of normal weight. What percentage gives the result: 37.5% - those with underweight 62.5% - people with normal weight Table 18 List of numerical results of the study group of female BMI Item o. Gender BMI The scope of the test 1 14 D 19.4 Underweight 2 14 D 20.9 Proper Weight 3 14 D 20.4 Proper Weight 4 14 D 19.2 Underweight 5 15 D 17.6 Underweight 6 15 D 18.3 Underweight 7 15 D 22.7% Proper Weight 8 15 D 20.7 Proper Weight 9 16 D 24.1 Proper Weight 10 16 D 19.1 Underweight 11 16 D 18.3 Underweight 12 16 D 21.5 Proper Weight 13 18 D 21.3 Proper Weight 14 18 D 23,0 Proper Weight 15 18 D 19.5 Proper Weight 16 18 D 20.57 Proper Weight 114

Figure 2 shows the graphical distribution of results for all tested competitors in Bydgoszcz Taekwondo club MUKS "Fifteen". Figure 2 Graphical user BMI measurement results studied taekwondo athletes On the charts, which is located above it can be seen that among the examined group of 3.13% are emaciated, 37.5% were underweight, and 59.37% who were of normal weight. Among the athletes tested, no person has been classified as a person devastated, overweight or obese in any way. Table 19 Characteristics of the numerical results of the running for 50m. taekwondo athletes (s) Average Standard Coefficient Value Value Arithmetic deviation of variation min 14 4 7.8 9,1 8.23 0.52 0.06 15 4 7,5 8.6 7.95 0.42 0.05 16 4 7.1. 7,9 7.63 0.33 0.04 18 4 6.1 8,5 7.25 0.87 0.12 The table above summarizes the results of the run over a distance of 50 m obtained by the boys trained taekwondo. The analysis of the results presented in Table 19 it can be seen an upward trend of the results with age. The arithmetic average of the oldest vintage is 7.25 s is the result of better than 0.98 s the result obtained by the youngest age group. Looking at the standard deviation of the notes to the maximum dispersion of results between 15 years who have been the result of 0.42 s, and 18 years, the standard deviation is 0.87. The largest coefficient of variation, which persists for 12% achieved the oldest age group. 115

Table 20 Comparison of the results of current taekwondo athletes over a distance of 50 m with regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (s) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 8.23 663 8.17 0.06 15 4 7.95 819 7.85 0.10 16 4 7.63 789 7.71 0.08 18 4 7.25 739 7.55 0.30 The above table shows a comparison of the results of their own, and regional studies. It can be seen that in both groups, results increase with age of patients. Respondents taekwondo athletes aged 14-15 years received lower scores than peers from regional studies. However taekwondziści subjects aged 16-18 years achieved better results than 18 years of Kujawsko-Pomorskie. A significant advantage, which amounted to 0.30 s got the oldest age group. This means that taekwondo athletes age 16.18 years have a higher rate than their peers in the region. Table 21 Characteristics of the numerical results of the running for 50m. taekwondo athletes (s) Average Standard Coefficient Value Value Arithmetic deviation of variation min 14 4 8,5 9.4. 8.98 0.43 0.05 15 4 8.3 8.9 8.58 0.22 0.03 16 4 8.6 9,1 8.85 0.18 0.02 18 4 8.3 8,5 8.45 0.09 0.01 The table above summarizes the results of the run over a distance of 50 m obtained by the girls Taekwondo Training. The arithmetic average of the oldest vintage is 8.45 s is the result of 0.48 s better than the result achieved by the youngest age group. Looking at the standard deviation of the notes to the maximum dispersion of results between the youngest girl who is 0.43 s, and 18 years, the standard deviation is 0.09.The largest coefficient of variation, which is 5% received youngest girl. Table 22 Comparison of the results taekwondo athletes run over a distance of 50 m with regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (s) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 8.98 570 8.93 0.05 15 4 8.58 546 8.87 0.29 16 4 8.85 604 8.82 0.03 18 4 8.45 546 8.88 0.43 116

Table 22 shows the comparison of girls run over a distance of 50 m with the results of regional studies. Players under the age of fourteen years reached about 0.05 s worse result than peers in the region. The contestants at the age of sixteen years, gained by 0.03 s worse than a sixteen-year results from the Kujawsko-Pomorskie. Girls with their studies at the age of fifteen and eighteen years proved to be faster than counterparts in regional studies. The best turned out to be the oldest group of subjects received the result by 0.43 sec better than eighteen of the region. Table 23 Characteristics of the numerical results of the run over a distance of 600 and 1000m. taekwondo athletes (s) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 223 241 234.75 7.01 0.03 15 4 200 236. 220.00 12.96 0.06 16 4 200 230 217.00 10.82 0.05 18 4 180 220 202 17,38 0.09 The table above summarizes the results obtained by the boys trained taekwondo. The analysis of the results presented in Table 24 it can be seen an upward trend of the results with age. The arithmetic average of the oldest vintage is 202 s is the result of 32.75 s better than the result achieved by the youngest age group. Looking at the standard deviation of the notes to the maximum dispersion of results between 14 years who have been the result of 7.01 s, and 18 years with a standard deviation is 17.38.The largest coefficient of variation, which persists at 9% achieved the oldest age group. Table 24 Comparison of the results taekwondo athletes run over a distance of 600 and 1000 m with regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (s) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 234.75 1468 242.53 7.78 15 4 220.00 1242 234.31 14.31 16 4 217.00 1292 225.42 8.42 18 4 202 1497 222.01 20.01 Table 24 shows a comparison of the results of their own, and regional studies. It can be seen that in both groups, results increase with age of patients. Respondents taekwondo athletes in each age group tested performed better than their counterparts in regional studies. The largest difference occurred between 18 years, which amounted to 20.01 s. This means that taekwondo athletes are more durable than their peers in the region. Which certainly is educated during sports training. 117

Table 25 Characteristics of the numerical results of the run over a distance of 600 and 800m. taekwondo athletes (s) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 212 240 224.00 11.25 0.05 15 4 218. 230 223.25 4.66 0.02 16 4 220 242 230.00 7.87 0.03 18 4 179 230 194.5 20.86 0.11 The table above summarizes the results obtained by the long transmission trained taekwondo girl. The analysis of the results presented in Table 26 it can be seen an upward trend of the results with age. The arithmetic average of the oldest vintage is 194.5 s is the result of a 29.5 s better than the result achieved by the youngest age group. Looking at the standard deviation of the notes to the maximum dispersion of results between 14 years who have been the result of 11.25 seconds and 18 years with a standard deviation is 20.86. The largest coefficient of variation, which persists for 11% achieved the oldest age group. Table 26 Comparison of the results taekwondo athletes run over a distance of 600 and 800 m of regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (s) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 224.00 517 233.33 9.33 15 4 223.25 486 240.10 16.85 16 4 230.00 505 242.41 12.41 18 4 194.5 433 246.51 52.01 This table shows the comparison of the results of their own, and regional studies. It can be seen that in both groups, results increase with age of patients. Studied taekwondo athletes in each age group considered, achieved better results than their peers in their regional research. The largest difference occurred between 18 years, which amounted to 52.01 Table 27 shows the characteristics of the numerical results 4x10m shuttle run boys who train Taekwondo. The analysis of the results shows that with age players to improve their results. The oldest age group received the arithmetic mean of 1.08 s better than younger players whose average was 10.88 s The largest standard deviation obtained 14 years group, which is 0.61 s This group also noted the highest coefficient of variation, which I keep for 6%. 118

Table 27.Characteristics of the numerical results 4x10m shuttle run. taekwondo athletes (s) Value min Value Average Arithmetic Standard deviation Coefficient of variation 14 4 10.15 11,7 10.88 0.61 0.06 15 4 9.56 10.17 10.00 0.26 0.03 16 4 9.7 10.45 10.08 0.27 0.03 18 4 9.2. 10.4 9,8 0.45 0.05 Table 28 shows the comparison of taekwondo athletes with the results obtained by their peers. Taekwondoists in each age group performed better than their peers in the region. Among 14 years difference occurred 1.07 s, 1.95 s olds, szesnastolatków1, 76 s, 1.72 s olds To sum up taekwondo players are faster than their peers. Table 28 Comparison of the results 4x10m shuttle run taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (s) 14 4 10.88 Our study Regional Research The room 511 difference 11.96 1.07 15 4 10.00 658 11.95 1.95 16 4 10.08 607 11.84 1.76 18 4 9,8 606 11.52 1.72 Table 29 Characteristics of the numerical results of 4x10 m shuttle run taekwondo athletes (s) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min [Σ] 14 4 11.45 11.85. 11.66 0.14 0.01 15 4 10.56 11.44 11.07 0,32 0.03 16 4 10,6 14 11.90 1.34 0.11 18 4 10.8 14,2 12.03 1.35 0.11 The table above summarizes the results obtained by the girls trained taekwondo. The best result obtained a group of girls of fifteen years to obtain, 11.07 s. The worst result obtained oldest girls, which was the arithmetic mean of 12.03 s, this group also is characterized by the largest standard deviation, which is 1.35 s and the largest coefficient of variation, which is 11%. 119

Table 30 Comparison of the results 4x10m shuttle run taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (s) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 11.66 977 12.73 1.07 15 4 11.07 1106 12.75 1.68 16 4 11.90 934 12.76 0.87 18 4 12.03 841 12.83 0.80 This table shows the comparison of taekwondo athletes with the results obtained by their peers. The players in each age group performed better than their peers in the region. Among 14 years difference occurred 1.07 s, 1.68 s of fifteen, sixteen.87 s,.80 s eighteen Table 31 shows the results obtained in the trial Traces of lying by taekwondo athletes. The best result obtained a group of sixteen-year boys give the arithmetic mean of repetitions 42.25. The worst result obtained youngest group of boys whose arithmetic mean was 29, 75 The largest standard deviation was observed in the group olds, which was 4.82, and the least diverse group of contest are fourteen, with a standard deviation is 2.95. Table 31 Characteristics of the numerical results with the neighbors lying taekwondo athletes (number of repetitions) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 25 33 29.75 2.95 0.10 15 4 32 44 35.75 4.82 0.13 16 4 38 46 42.25 3.03 0.07 18 4 30 41 33.25 4.55 0.14 Table 32 Comparison of the results with the neighbors lying taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (number of repetitions) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 29.75 438 23.37 6.38 15 4 35.75 399 24.19 11.56 16 4 42.25 378 24.18 18.07 18 4 33.25 409 24.37 8.88 Table 32 shows the comparison of the arithmetic mean of the results of taekwondo athletes with the results obtained by their peers. Players in each age group performed better than their peers in the region. Among 14 years starred difference 6.38, 11.56 olds, sixteen-year olds 18.07, 8.88 year-olds. 120

Table 33 Characteristics of the numerical results with the neighbors lying taekwondo athletes (number of repetitions) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 22 29 26.50 2.87 0.11 15 4 25 30 27.25 1.92 0.07 16 4 26 30 28.25 1.79 0.06 18 4 27 38 32.50 4.27 0.13 Table 33 shows the characteristics of the numerical results with the neighbors lying girls who train Taekwondo. The analysis of the results shows that with age athletes improve the results achieved. The oldest age group received the arithmetic mean of 6 reps better than younger athletes, whose average was 26.50 repetitions. The largest standard deviation obtained eighteen group that takeaway 4.27.This group also noted the highest coefficient of variation, which I keep to 13%. Table 34 shows the comparison of the arithmetic mean of the results of taekwondo athletes with the results obtained by their peers. Players in each age group performed better than their peers in the region. Among the fourteen experienced the difference 5.33, 6.38 of fifteen, sixteen 6.48, eighteen 11.53.To sum up taekwondo athletes are faster than peers in the region, and have stronger abdominal muscles. Table 34 Comparison of the results with the neighbors lying taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (number of repetitions) Our study 121 Regional Research The difference 14 4 26.50 342 21.17 5.33 15 4 27.25 335 21.37 6.38 16 4 28.25 356 21.77 6.48 18 4 32.50 365 20.97 11.53 Table 35 Characteristics of the numerical results of pull on the stick taekwondo athletes (number of repetitions) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 2 5 3.50 1.12 0,32 15 4 1 11 6.25 4.32 0.69 16 4 9 16 11.75 2.68 0.23 18 4 10 18 13.75 3.03 0.22 Table 35 shows the characteristics of the numerical results of pull on the stick boys, who train Taekwondo. The analysis of the results shows that with age players to improve their results. The oldest age group received the arithmetic mean of 10.25 better than younger players

whose average was 3.50. The largest standard deviation obtained olds group, which is 4.32 repetition. This group also noted the highest coefficient of variation, which remains on 69%. Table 36 Comparison of results of pull on the stick taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (number of repetitions). Our study Regional Research Average Arithmetic The difference 14 4 3.50 419 3.47 0.3 15 4 6.25 532 4.57 1.68 16 4 11.75 552 5.92 5.83 18 4 13.75 4,30 6.19 7.56 The above table shows a comparison of the arithmetic mean of the results of taekwondo athletes with the results obtained by their peers. Players in each age group performed better than their peers in the region. Among 14 years experienced the difference of 0.3, 1.68 olds, sixteen-year olds 5.83, 7.56 year-olds. With players taekwondo are more arm strength than their peers in the region. Table 37 umerical characteristics overhang on bent hands girls trained taekwondo. Value min Value Average Arithmetic Standard deviation Coefficient of variation 14 4 2 15 6.00 5.24 0.87 15 4 1 12 5.25 4.15 0.79 16 4 3 10 5.50 2.69 0,49 18 4 8 20 14.75 4.32 0.29 The table above summarizes the results of the overhang on bent arms girls, taekwondo. Analyzing tables can be seen that the best results obtained arithmetic mean of the oldest girls give the result of 14.75 s worst result obtained in turn fifteen years old girls give the score 6 s The largest deviation from the average of the results can be seen among the youngest group studied. It amounts to 5.24 s, this group is characterized by a coefficient of variation of the biggest that I keep up to 87%. Table 38 shows the comparison of test results obtained taekwondo athletes during their studies and the results of regional studies. Players in between the ages of 14 to 16 years received worse results than peers in the region. The biggest difference can be seen among the fourteen that the arithmetic mean of the results was 6 s and 7.51 peers. However, athletes have obtained a better result eighteen years of surveyed girls Kujawsko-Pomorskie. Girls Training received equal to the arithmetic mean of 14.75 Sa 3.06 better than their peers. The Taekwondo Training players aged 14-16 are less arm strength than counterparts from the region, athletes eighteen years of greater force of arms. 122

Table 38 Comparison of the results with bent arms overhang taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (s) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 6.00 366 13.51 7.51 15 4 5.25 397 12.72 7.47 16 4 5.50 406 12.51 7.01 18 4 14.75 359 11.69 3.06 Table 39 Characteristics of the numerical results taekwondo athletes compression dynamometer (kg) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 30 65 43.75 14.11 0,32 15 4 49 120 78.50 30.32 0.39 16 4 30 120 67.75 35.43 0.52 18 4 55 120 80.00 25.74 0,32 Table 39 summarizes the results of compression dynamometer taekwondo athletes. Analyzing tables can be seen that the best results obtained arithmetic mean of the oldest boys to give the score of 80, in turn, the worst result obtained fourteen boys give the result 43.75. Clearly the results of an upward trend with age players. The largest deviation from the average of the results can be seen among the sixteen-boys. It is 35.43 kg, this group is characterized by a coefficient of variation of the biggest that I keep the 52%. Table 40 Comparison of the results of compression dynamometer taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (kg) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 43.75 355 32.31 11.44 15 4 78.50 366 38.06 40.44 16 4 67.75 421 43.25 24.5 18 4 80.00 347 49.30 30.7 This table shows the comparison of test results obtained during the taekwondo athletes own test, and the results of regional studies. Players in each age group performed better than their peers in the region. The biggest difference can be seen among olds whose arithmetic mean of the results was 78.5 and peers in the region of 40.44. In summary trained taekwondo athletes have a higher strength than their peers in the region. 123

Table 41 Characteristics of the numerical results taekwondo athletes compression dynamometer (kg) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 20 70 40.00 19.69 0,49 15 4 26 45 36.50 8.62 0.24 16 4 34 39 36.00 1.87 0.05 18 4 45 60 50.50 5.77 0.11 The table above summarizes the results of the crush dynamometer girls trained taekwondo. Analyzing tables can be seen that the best results obtained arithmetic mean of the oldest girls give the result of 50.50 kg. in turn, the worst result obtained sixteen girls give the result of 36 kg. The largest deviation from the average of the results can be seen among the youngest group studied. Is ono19, 26 kg., This group is characterized by a coefficient of variation of the biggest that I keep up to 49%. Table 42 Comparison of the results of compression dynamometer taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (kg) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 40.00 303 25.58 14.42 15 4 36.50 371 26.19 10.31 16 4 36.00 400 27.35 8.56 18 4 50.50 323 29.75 20.75 Table 42 shows the comparison of test results obtained taekwondo athletes during their studies and the results of regional studies. Players of all ages performed better than peers in the region. The biggest difference can be seen among the oldest group of respondents, the results of the arithmetic mean is 50.5 and peers in the region of 29.75. In summary trained taekwondo athletes have a higher strength than counterparts from the region Table 43 Characteristics numerical jump boys trained taekwondo. (Cm) Value min Value Average Arithmetic 124 Standard deviation Coefficient of variation 14 4 195. 230 212.00 12.43 0.06 15 4 190 250 225.00 25.98 0.12 16 4 225 241 234.00 6.75 0.03 18 4 185. 250 230.00 26.22 0.11 This table shows the summary of the results of the long jump taekwondo athletes. Analyzing tables can be seen that the arithmetic mean of the best sixteen year old boys to give the result of 2324 cm, in turn, obtained the worst result of fourteen boys give the result 212 cm. The largest

deviation from the average of the results can be seen among the boys of fifteen years. It is 25.98 inches, this group is characterized by a coefficient of variation of the biggest that I keep up to 12%. Table 44 shows a comparison of results obtained in taekwondo athletes own test, and the results of regional studies. Players in each age group performed better than their peers in the region. The biggest difference can be seen among the sixteen-year olds whose arithmetic mean of the results was 234, and peers in the region of 58.33 m less. In summary trained taekwondo athletes have a higher growth rate of the lower limbs peers in the region. Table 44 Comparison of the results of the long jump taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (cm) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 212.00 331 170.85 41.15 15 4 225.00 372 172.55 52 45 16 4 234.00 349 175.67 58.33 18 4 230.00 412 179.01 50.99 Table 45 Characteristics of the numerical results of the long jump taekwondo athletes (cm) Value min Value Average Arithmetic Standard deviation Coefficient of variation 14 4 155 178 165.75 8.90 0.05 15 4 166 200 180.50 12.46 0.07 16 4 159 180 172.75 8.14 0.05 18 4 190 230 208.25 15.47 0.07 The table above summarizes the results of the long jump girls trained taekwondo. Analyzing tables can be seen that the best results obtained arithmetic mean of the oldest girls give the result of 208.25 cm. in turn, the worst result obtained fourteen girls give the score 165.75 cm. The greatest deviation from the average performances can be seen among the oldest study group. It is 1.47 cm., This group is characterized by a coefficient of variation of the biggest that I keep up to 7%. Table 46 Comparison of the results of the long jump athletes Taekwondo regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (cm) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 165.75 331 170.85 5.10 15 4 180.50 372 172.55 7.95 16 4 172.75 349 175.67 2.91 18 4 208.25 412 179.01 29.24 125

Table 46 shows the comparison of test results obtained taekwondo athletes during their studies and the results of regional studies. The test athletes at the age of sixteen and fourteen received worse results than peers with region. The biggest difference can be seen among the fourteen that the arithmetic mean of the results was 165.71 cm and 170.85 peers. However, eighteen years and fifteen athletes achieved a better result of the respondents girls Kujawsko-Pomorskie. The greatest differences were granted oldest girls, which amounted to 29.24 cm. The Taekwondo Training players age 14.16 years are less leg strength than counterparts in the region, and the players eighteen years and fifteen more power and dynamics of the lower limbs. Table 47 shows the results obtained from the slope of the trunk in front of the boys trained taekwondo. This table shows the arithmetic mean of the players, which is the highest received sixteen boys, their average was 13.25. However, the lowest average of the results obtained piętnastolatkowie 4.25. Table 47 Characteristics of the numerical slope in front of the torso taekwondo athletes (cm) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 4 12 7.75 3.34 0.43 15 4 0 10 4.25 4.38 1.03 16 4 0 25 13.25 8.98 0,68 18 4 1 15 7.25 5.58 0.77 Table 48 Comparison of the results in front of the torso slope taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (cm) Our study Regional Research The difference 14 4 7.75 349 3,55 4.20 15 4 4.25 371 4.49 0.44 16 4 13.25 343 5.14 8.11 18 4 7.25 375. 6.92 0.33 Table 48 shows a comparison of results obtained in taekwondo athletes own test, and the results of regional studies. Research riders at fifteen obtained worse results than their peers in the region. The difference between them was 0.44. However, the rest of the players surveyed achieved better results than their peers with region. The largest difference was between sixteen year olds, which amounted to 8.11 cm. The Taekwondo Training players the age of 15 are less suppleness than peers. The contestants at the age of fourteen, sixteen, eighteen, have greater flexibility to the body than their peers in the region. 126

Table 49 Characteristics of the numerical slope in front of the torso taekwondo athletes (cm) Average Standard Coefficient of Value Value Arithmetic deviation variation min 14 4 10 18 15.50 3.28 0.21 15 4 16 27 22.00 4.30 0.20 16 4 9 11 10.00 0.71 0.07 18 4 10 16 12.75 2.17 0.17 This table shows the results obtained in the slope of the trunk in front of girls trained taekwondo. This table shows the arithmetic mean of the players, which is the highest received fifteen year, the average was 22 cm. And the lowest average gained sixteen-year to a 10 cm. The largest deviation from the mean of results was observed in the group of fifteen-year and amounted to 4.30 cm, this group is characterized by the highest coefficient of variation of 21%. Table 50 shows a comparison of results obtained taekwondo athletes during their studies and the results of regional studies. Players in all ages have obtained better results than peers in the region. The biggest difference can be seen among the fifteen year old whose arithmetic mean of the results was 22 cm, and peers in with area 9.13 cm. Training taekwondo athletes conclusion are more suppleness of the body. Table 50 Comparison of the results in front of the torso slope taekwondo athletes regional research Kujawsko-Pomorskie M. apierała 2001 (cm) Our study Regional Research 127 The difference 14 4 15.50 364 7.57 7.93 15 4 22.00 335 9,13 12.87 16 4 10.00 375. 9.46 0.54 18 4 12.75 302 10.93 1.82 Conclusions Research issues and motor somatic development was wounded many researchers. Another important factor is the ability to correctly assess the developmental age, the ability to anticipate physique athletes that make it possible to determine the possible time period and the result of the sport.in many sports people started to use measurements of body size for selection. The possibility of finding a model of somatic and motor sportsman future and therefore proper predict the outcome of sporting dealt with Seabra (1997). umerous examples reported by M. apierała (2008) and Cieślicka (2007, 2009), Klimczyk et al 2009 The properties of the physical and biological maturation in gymnastics took up Sawczyn (2000), as well as a prognostic features in the construction of a somatic selection for gymnastics (Sawczyn et al 1997 Work Pilewski (2002) suggest an association with the level of somatic built athletic performance in social dance. Taekwondo is a Korean martial sport, which is an important part of the development, speed, power, jumping, reaction time, motor coordination. Players Bydgoszcz club this discipline were examined for somatic analyze ( height and weight), and motor skills (MTSF).The aim of the study was to

compare the results achieved in terms of gender and age, to analyze the correlation between pairs of traits and whether trained taekwondo athletes perform better in MTSF, than their peers from regional studies. The boys with their studies show a higher average growth (with the exception of eighteen years) than their peers with regional research. The average weight of the players in the age of fourteen and eighteen years of age is less than that of peers from regional analysis for the olds came out in the same way as their peers, and for sixteen-year olds higher. The height of the body of girls is lower than in the same age group with the exception of 18 years. The same phenomenon can be observed in body weight. Bydgoszcz taekwondoists characterized by low levels of BMI BMI.W the large part of taekwondo athletes are among those with underweight, but over fishing has been classified as being of normal weight. Research in height and weight is not a single type of construction had created somatic player do sports which is taekwondo. This means that the practice of this sport can take each individual. Taekwondo is a sport for everyone. The research drew the following conclusions: has an impact on the results between the ational Physical Fitness Test. Taekwondo Players perform better than their peers in the region. Gender has an effect on the results obtained between the ational Physical Fitness Test, girls perform worse. Olympic Taekwondo is a sport for everyone. Among the competitors taekwondo is not obese. References 1. Pilicz S., Pomiar ogólnej sprawności fizycznej, Warszawa 1997 2. apierała M., Ważniejsze uwarunkowania rozwoju somatycznego i motorycznego dzieci z i młodzieży z województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego, Bydgoszcz 2005. 3. apierała M., Cieślicka M., Dmitruk K., Budowa morfologiczna a zdolności motoryczne studentów I roku wychowania fizycznego Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Annales, (red.) W. Śladkowski, Universitatis Mariae Curie Skłodowska, Sectio D, Medicina, Lublin, 2007, vol. LXII, Suppl. XVIII, nr 5, s. 226-229. 4. Cieślicka M., apierała M. The somatic bulid of lightweight rowes. Medical and Biological Sciences, 2009, 23/3, 33-38. 5. Klimczyk M., Cieślicka M., Szark M. Somatic charakteristics, strenght and sport result In 12-19 year old pole vaulut jumpers. Medical and Biological Sciences, 2009, 23/3, 53-60. 6. Seabra, A., J.A. Maia, R. Garganta, M.A. Janeira, P. Santos (1997), Is there an impact of selection, training and maturation in body build, somatotype, physical fitness and explosive strength? A study in Portuguese young soccer players, Conference: European Congress on Sports Medicine, 23/26 September, Porto, Portugal, p.1. 7. apierała M. (2008). Środowiskowe uwarunkowania somatyczne i motoryczne a wiek rozwojowy dzieci i młodzieży (na przykładzie województwa kujawsko pomorskiego), Bydgoszcz 2008, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy 8. Sawczyn S. (2000), Właściwości rozwoju fizycznego i dojrzewania biologicznego młodocianych gimnastyków w procesie wieloletniego treningu, Roczniki aukowe, AWF, Gdańsk, t. 9, s. 171-190. 9. Sawczyn S, K. Kochanowicz, D. Kruczkowski, T. Dancewicz (1997), Cechy prognostyczne budowy somatycznej w doborze do gimnastyki sportowej, Trening, nr 3, s. 19-24. 10. Pilewska W. (2002). Dobór pod względem budowy somatycznej oraz poziomu zdolności motorycznych par sportowego tańca towarzyskiego reprezentujących odmienne style 128