O rg a nic a nd Low Input Fa rm ing S ys tem s in E a s tern E urope. J a ros la w S ta leng a

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1 O rg a nic a nd Low Input Fa rm ing S ys tem s in E a s tern E urope IU N G -P IB J a ros la w S ta leng a COS T Exploratory Workshop, B russels,

2 P res enta tion c ontent 1. D evelopm ent of O rg a nic Fa rm ing in E a s tern E urope 2. D evelopm ent of O rg a nic a nd Low -Input Fa rm ing in P ola nd 3. Future of O rg a nic a nd Low - Input Fa rm ing in E a s tern E urope

3 1. D evelopm ent of O rg a nic Fa rm ing in E a s tern E urope

4 S ha re (in % ) of org a nic a g ric ultura l la nds in 10 E a s tern E uropea n c ountries ( ) A vera g e for E U 4,2 %

5 O rg a nic fa rm ing in the C zec h R epublic (2007)* N um ber of fa rm s A rea tys. ha (7,4% A L ), of w hic h: A ra ble la nds 30 tys. ha - 9,4% G ra s s la nds ,4%! O rc ha rds ,6%! O ther % - of all 7,6% organic farms Fa rm s ize N um ber % cover A L 2/3 of to 10 ha 208 all 0,2organic area , ,0

6 O rg a nic fa rm ing in S lova kia (2007) S lova kia - num ber of org a nic fa rm s 320 O R G A g ric. La nds 122 thous. ha = 5,78% A L A ra ble la nds 30% G ra s s la nds 69 %! O rc ha rds 1%

7 O rg a nic fa rm s in La tvia in entra nc e to the E U

8 2. D evelopm ent of O rg a nic a nd Low -Input Fa rm ing in P ola nd

9

10 Fa rm la nd B irds a s a B ioindic a tor of a g roenvironm ent qua lity in P ola nd (2006) type of fa rm la nd fores t other Type of m ig ra tion long dis ta nc e s hort dis ta nc e habitat

11 F ig. 2. C h a n g e s in th e F B I in P o la n d ( ) a n d in its d iffe re n t re g io n s ( )

12 C ons um ption of N P K in kg /ha of a g ric ultura l la nd (a vera g e ) kg N P K ha -1 A L zachodniopomorskie 120,1 lubuskie 121,6 wielkopolskie 146,0 pomorskie 130,2 kujawsko-pomorskie 161,4 warmińsko-mazurskie 115,8 mazowieckie 100,9 90,0 podlaskie < 100,0 100,0 120,0 120,1 140,0 dolnośląskie 114,3 opolskie > 140,0 154,1 Poland 117,6 kg ha -1 śląskie 110,4 łódzkie 137,3 małopolskie 83,9 świętokrzyskie 101,9 lubelskie 112,7 podkarpackie 65,6

13 A dult Work U nit per 100 ha of A g ric ultura l La nds zachodniopomorskie 4,4 pomorskie 8,1 kujawsko-pomorskie 10,1 warmińsko-mazurskie 6,6 10,5 podlaskie AWU 100 ha -1 AL lubuskie 5,9 wielkopolskie 11,5 mazowieckie 16,0 < 1 0,0 1 0,0 2 0,0 2 0,1 3 0,0 > 3 0,0 dolnośląskie 8,9 P ola nd 14,2 A WU 100 ha A L -1 opolskie 8,7 20,8 17,4 śląskie łódzkie małopolskie 35,3 świętokrzyskie 23,3 lubelskie 17,9 podkarpackie 28,5

14 O rg a nic fa rm s in P ola nd in entra nc e to the E U

15 N um ber of org a nic fa rm s (2007) Zachodniopomorskie Number of farms 1098 to to to to Lubuskie 361 Pomorskie Kujawsko-pomorskie 217 Wielkopolskie 415 Dolnośląskie 652 POLAND Opolskie 53 Warmińsko-mazurskie Łódzkie 261 Śląskie Mazowieckie 1215 Świętokrzyskie 995 Małopolskie 1627 Podlaskie 847 Lubelskie 1402 Podkarpackie 1577

16 S ha re of pa rtic ula r la nd us e c a teg ories A vera g e in P ola nd O rg a nic fa rm s Grasslands 44% Orchards 4% Arable lands 51% Vegetables 1% Grasslands 21% Orchards 1% Vegetables 1% 0,20 LU/ha Arable lands 77% 0,48 LU/ha

17 S truc ture of O rg a nic La nd U s e (% ) in 2007 S p e c ific a tio n P o la n d O rg a n ic fa rm s w ith c e rtific a te in c o n v e rs io n A ra b le la n d s G ra s s la n d s O rc h a rd s 2,1 5,3 2 8! L U /h a o f A L 0,4 3 0,3 1 0,1 0 A re a o f A L. in th o u s. h a 1 3 7, ,6

18 S truc ture of la nd us e in org a nic fa rm s A re a g ro u p s < >5 0 A ra b L G ra s L O rc h L U /h a 0,3 0 0,4 3 0,4 6 0,4 0 0,3 3 0,1 6

19 a ra ble la nds in org a nic fa rm s (% ) in 2007 S p e c ific a tio n P o la n d O rg a n ic fa rm s w ith c e rtific a te in c o n v e rs io n C e re a ls F o d d e r c ro p s P o ta to 4,8 1,5 1,0 V e g e ta b le s 1,6 1,7 0,9 H e rb s - 1,5 1,7 F a llo w s 2,4 4,7 L iv e s to c k d e n s ity L U /h a 0,4 3 0,3 1 0,1 0

20 A rea s truc ture (in % ) of org a nic fa rm s a nd a vera g e in P ola nd (2008) A vera g e in P ola nd O rg a nic fa rm s 0,5 0,2 9 3, < > 100 A vera g e for P ola nd 8,7 ha A vera g e for O F - 24 ha 23

21 D evelopm ent of a rea s truc ture (in % ) in org a nic fa rm s in

22 Lives toc k dens ity in LU /ha of A L in O R G fa rm s 59% share of grasslands Zachodniopomorskie 0,08 LU/ha of AL above 0,30 0,20 to 0,30 0,10 to 0,20 to 0,10 Lubuskie 0,07 Pomorskie 0,17 Kujawsko-pomorskie 0,24 Wielkopolskie 0,07 Dolnośląskie 0,12 Opolskie 0,22 Average for organic farms 0,20 Warmińsko-mazurskie 0,27 Łódzkie 0,17 Śląskie 0,15 Mazowieckie 0,24 Świętokrzyskie 0,38 Małopolskie 0,57 Podlaskie 0,35 Lubelskie 0,27 Podkarpackie 0,19

23 S ha re ( in % of A L) of orc ha rds in org a nic fa rm s (2007) Zachodniopomorskie 4,9 Lubuskie 4,3 Orchards (% ) in certfied organic farms > 9 6 to 9 3 to 6 0 to 3 Pomorskie Warmińsko-mazurskie 2,0 1,7 Podlaskie 3,5 Kujawsko-pomorskie 14,5 Wielkopolskie 9,6 Dolnośląskie 2,2 POLAND 5,3 % Opolskie 8,4 Łódzkie 29,4 Śląskie 1,9 Mazowieckie 6,5 Świętokrzyskie 3,5 Małopolskie 3,5 Lubelskie 13,7 Podkarpackie 3,2

24 S ha re (in % of A L) a nd a rea (thous. ha ) of orc ha rds in org a nic fa rm s being in c onvers ion Orchards (% ) in organic converting farms > to to 30 0 to 15 Zachodniopomorskie 39/12,9 Lubuskie 24/2,7 Pomorskie Warmińsko-mazurskie 12/0,8 14/2,0 Podlaskie 14/1,2 Kujawsko-pomorskie 55/ 1,9 Wielkopolskie 42/5,8 Łódzkie 59/1,2 Dolnośląskie 25/2,5 Opolskie Śląskie 30/0,2 41/0,9 POLAND 28,5 % /42,6 thous. ha Mazowieckie 25/3,2 Świętokrzyskie 25/0,8 Małopolskie 18/0,9 Lubelskie 36/4,3 Podkarpackie 15/1,5

25 3. Future of O rg a nic a nd Low -Input Fa rm ing in E a s tern E urope

26 P ers pec tives The num ber of org a nic fa rm s is g row ing but not the org a nic food volum e M a rket oriented org a nic fa rm s in P ola nd ha ve only 10-20% s ha re in their tota l popula tion M a rket fa rm s a re m a inly s pec ia lized in fruit a nd veg eta ble produc tion a nd a re oriented on foreig n m a rkets (for exa m ple: S ym bio C om pa ny)

27 O rg a nic fa rm of P eter O s ik nea r Lublin h a o f o rg a n ic v e g e ta b le s a n d s tra w b e rry 2. N o a n im a l p ro d u c tio n % e x p o rte d to W e s te rn E u ro p e fo r b a b y fo o d

28 P ers pec tives E U org a nic s ubs idies w ithin A E S c hem es s till a re a nd w ill be in the nea res t future the m a in fa c tor influenc ing org a nic fa rm ing developm ent in P ola nd a nd other E a s tern E uropea n c ountries Wha t a re the m a in rea s ons to s upport O F w ithin A E s c hem es? - to protec t a g roenivronm ent? - or to develop org a nic fa rm ing m a rket?

29 Thank you for your attention