Sustaining institutions: Ministry of Science and Higher Education and Faculty of International and Political Studies of the Jagiellonian University.

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1 The Journal of the Faculty of International and Political Studies of the Jagiellonian University AFRICAN STUDIES

2 Sustaining institutions: Ministry of Science and Higher Education and Faculty of International and Political Studies of the Jagiellonian University. Publication released in two versions: electronic and printed. The primary version of the journal is the electronic format. POLITEJA. The Journal of the Faculty of International and Political Studies of the Jagiellonian University Gołębia 24 Str., Krakow ph.: , Publisher: Księgarnia Akademicka sp. z o.o. św. Anny 6 Str., Kraków ph.: akademicka@akademicka.pl ISSN Editor: Justyna Wójcik Front cover: Łukasz Fyderek Typesetting and layout: Studio ANATTA Published in the e-book form plus 150 paper copies Points on the MNiSW list: 13 Reviewers Saad Abudayeh ( Jordan University) Roman Bäcker (Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń) Marek Bankowicz ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Włodzimierz Bernacki ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Maksim Bulachtin (Perm University) Adam Chmielewski (University of Wrocław) Artur Demchuk (Lomonosov Moscow State University) Joachim Diec ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Andrzej Dudek ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Łukasz Jakubiak ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Wojciech Kaute (University of Silesia in Katowice) Robert Kłosowicz ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Wawrzyniec Konarski ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Leszek Korporowicz ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Krzysztof Kościelniak ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Barbara Krauz-Mozer ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Paulina Kewes (University of Oxford) Wiesław Lizak (University of Warsaw) Marek Maciejewski (University of Wrocław) Gerhard Meiser (Universität Halle) Włodzimierz Mich (Maria Curie Skłodowska University in Lublin) Joanna Mormul ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Andrzej Polus (University of Wrocław) Hanna Rubinkowska-Anioł (University of Warsaw) Kateřina Rudincová (Technical University of Liberec) Andrea Schmidt (Pecs University) Mieczysław Smoleń ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Barbara Stoczewska ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Lucjan Suchanek (State Higher Vocational School in Oświęcim) Ewa Szczepankiewicz-Rudzka ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Krzysztof Szczerski ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Dariusz Szpoper (University of Gdańsk) Krzysztof Trzciński (Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw) Janusz J. Węc ( Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Howard Williams (Aberystwyth University) Jan Zahořik (University of West Bohemia, Pilsen) Ryszard Zięba (University of Warsaw) Arkadiusz Żukowski (University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn)

3 The Journal of the Faculty of International and Political Studies of the Jagiellonian University POLITEJA NO. 3 (42) Kraków 2016 African Studies Edited by Robert Kłosowicz Editorial Board Prof. Jerzy Axer (University of Warsaw) Prof. Andrea Ciampani (LUMSA, Roma) Prof. Břetislav Dančak (Masaryk University, Brno) Prof. Rahul Peter Das (Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg) Prof. Taras Finikov (KROK University, Kyiv) Prof. Saleh K. Hamarneh ( Jordan University) Prof. Ferenc Hörcher (Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest) Prof. Alvydas Jokubaitis (Vilnius University) Prof. Wiesław Kozub-Ciembroniewicz (Institute of Political Science and International Relations JU) Prof. Zdzisław Mach (Institute of European Studies JU) Prof. Andrzej Mania Prof. Tadeusz Paleczny (Institute of Regional Studies JU) Prof. Dorota Praszałowicz (Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora JU) Prof. Anna Raźny (Institute of Russian and East European Studies JU) Prof. John Robertson (Cambridge University) Prof. Irena Stawowy-Kawka (Institute of Political Science and International Relations JU) Prof. Noël O Sullivan (University of Hull) Prof. Adam Walaszek (Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora JU) Prof. Andrey Yuriyevich Shutov (Lomonosov Moscow State University) Prof. Andrzej Zięba Chief Editor Prof. Bogdan Szlachta Managing Editors Dr hab. Dorota Pietrzyk-Reeves Dr Arkadiusz Górnisiewicz

4 Table of Contents 5 Editor s Preface Articles 7 Petr Skalník, African Studies in the Other Europe: A Legitimate Perspective on Africa 17 Arkadiusz Żukowski, The Union of South Africa towards the outbreak of the Second World War 33 Robert Kłosowicz, Central African Republic: portrait of a collapsed state after the last rebellion 53 Krzysztof Trzciński, How Theoretically Opposite Models of Interethnic Power- Sharing Can Complement Each Other and Contribute to Political Stabilization: The Case of Nigeria 75 Wiesław Lizak, Peace Operations in the Activity of the Organisation of African Unity and the African Union 93 Andrzej Polus, Polish-Sub-Saharan Africa economic and political relations after István Tarrósy, Zoltán Vörös, Education and Development in the Sino-African Context of Relations. The Cases of Tanzania and Sudan 133 Katarzyna Kołodziejczyk, EPA as a Tool for the Development of Sub-Saharan Countries. Does it Work? 147 Joanna Bar, The problem of Islamic terrorism in Kenya in terms of regional security in East Africa 165 Stanisław Kosmynka, The Role of Moroccan Salafist Radicalism in Creating Threat to Spain s Security 189 Renata Czekalska, Agnieszka Kuczkiewicz-Fraś, From Africans in India to African Indians

5 213 Kateřina Rudincová, Ethiopian foreign policy in the Horn of Africa: Informal relations with Somaliland and their possible future development 227 Ewa Szczepankiewicz-Rudzka, Patterns of Libya s instability in the aftermath of the Gaddafi regime s collapse 247 Łukasz Jakubiak, Systems of government of Senegal and Ivory Coast. Comparative analysis 263 Joanna Mormul, Ethio-Djiboutian Relations in 21st century towards New African Cooperation 287 Klaudia Wilk-Mhagama, Faith - based organizations and the state. The challenges of development in Tanzania 309 Krzysztof Tlałka, Between high hopes and moderate results a decade of the African Peace and Security Architecture 343 Hubert Dudkiewicz, The African contribution to the penalization of war crimes of sexual nature 363 Marta Antosz, Dad dad buu dugsadaa dugaagna geed Somali diaspora in the United States and their impact on the American domestic, social and security situation 379 Monika Różalska, Between tradition and modernity the role of chiefs in national development and local governance in Ghana 403 Piotr Szafruga, Is the state necessary? The case of Somali Economy 421 Olga Kwiatkowska, The influence of crisis in the Republic of Mali on the political situation of Sahel