3AJE)J;HHQA Orno-Ostryetum Aich Y PE<I>yrHJYMHMA JYr03AllA)J;HE CPliHJE

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1 J1!:!H<:!J:YR_<:QT_<?AYJ_'fE:!L]; ora,_?9p_!!p77-189_ BBLD: , (2000),82, P aropKa TOMHn UDK: 630*188 0p1llB1HallHl HayqHl paa 3AJE)J;HHQA Orno-Ostryetum Aich Y PE<>yrHJYMHMA JYr03AllA)J;HE CPliHJE H3BO.ll.: )l,enljlo cy ncrpaxena pacnpocrpan.en,e, cnncxonoraja, cp homhja, CTpYKTYpa, PCiCHTlia cyxuecnja l- Cl-H rascououaja pemrxrne sajennaue Orno Ostryetum Aich y Cpfiaj». Kn.y-rue pe-ur: sajennaua Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933, peqlymjyml-, jyrosananua Cp61-1ja, pemncrna aercrauaja PLANT COMMUNTY ORNO-OSTRYETUM Aich N SOUTH-WEST SERBA REFUGES Abstract: The distribution, synecology, physiognomy, structure, recent succession, and syntaxonomy of the relict plant community Orno-Ostryetum Aich in the region of Serbia, have been researched in detail. Key words: community Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933, refuges, south-west Serbia, relict vegetation 1. YBO,ll. Kao ephtou,eho3a pejhkthor xapaxrepa, pacnpocrpaa.ena npereaoro y perpyrajy MHMa AJna H HHapH.na, OBa sajcnaaua nphbjalihja je naxosy 6pOjHHX ayropa, re je H ofipahena na neheu neny csor apeana: y Kapaaanxasra (A i chi n g ere., 1933) non HMe HOM Ostrya carpinifolia-fraxinus ornus; na Boxiusy (Wraber M., 1961) xao Cytisantho-Ostryetum; y KaMHHUlKoj 6HCTpHU,H (E PKep P., 1970), Y JeneHHu,H (<> YKap e x T., C're rp arr o a u h B., 1958), na Tpefiesnhy (C'r erp au o a n h B., 1964) H Y OKO JHHH Cpeopennue (<> a6 Hj a HHh E., 1964) xao Orno-Ostryetum; KO.n 3aBH.noBHna (K r a use W., L u d wig W., 1957) xao Querceto-Ostryetum; na Tapn (q 0 J Hh., 1960) xao Ostryeto-Pinetum nigrae H na.npyfhm MeCTHMa. Ha nonpysjy Cpfiaje KOHCTaTOBaHa je H nerarsno npoysena cauo y jyrosanannoj Cp6HjH (TOM Hn 3., 1980). op Saeopka TOMuh, peooeuu npotpecop, llyuapcxu ibaeynmem Ynueeprumema y Beoepaoy 177

2 3aropKa TOMHh 2. MATEPJAJ METO)J; KmfMa:rCKM nonaun OqMTaBaHM cy M3 ATJaca KJMMe JyrOCJaBMje sa nepaon on ronnne. <!>opmmpahe cy rpyne ca nonnepacanna Ha.n.MopcKMM BMCMHaMa H reorpadicxna xoopnaaaraaa, a nenana sa caaxy rpyny npmka3ahm cy Ta6eJapHO (To MMn 3., 1980, 1996). lonaun 0 reononrxoj no.n.j03m My30pU,M 3eMJbMllTa aa nafioparopnjcxe ahajm3e Y3HMaHM cy na repeny, a nonaun 0 3eMJbMllry ofipahena na llyvapcxoa cpakyjtery y Beorpany (J 0 B Mn H., 1980). Ha repeny je Y3eTo 29 cpmtouehojollkmx CHMMaKa, KOjM cy cpehenn y cpmtoueho JOllKY Ta6eJy MaHaJM3HpaHM no KJaCMqHoj MeTo.n.M Braun-Blanquet-a. YpaljeHHcy :>KM BOTHH crrpexrpn aconnjanaje (:>KMBOTHHX 06JMKa no Raunkier-y, apean-ranosa no Tajahy, ekojlollkm no Oberdorfer-y MueHOJOllKM no Xopsary, rjaba 11Y MEllenberg-y), 3aTMM.n.ecPMHMcaHe KapaKTepMCTMqHe M.n.McPepHUMjaJHe BpCTe M notnyhm KapaKTepMCTMqHM cxyn. CMHTaKcoHoMcKa.n.McPepeHUMjau,Mja, OCMM na cpjopmctmqkom npmnrany, 6a3MpaHa je BenMM nenov M ua permohajhmm MaKpOKJlMMaTCKHM npmjmkama (acouajauaja) HJM pa3bojhmm cranajaaa 3eMJbHllTa (cytiacouajauaje), 3. PE3YJTAT )J;CKYCJA 3.1. HaJla3HWTa H OCHOBHH ekojlowkh YCJlOBH 3aje.n.HHu;a je.n.etaj>ho MCTpa:>KeHa ua urecr JlOKaJHTeTa: Tapa, 1pM60j, MMJlemesxa, KaJbOH flhma, Conohaua MTyTMH. To cy nperexao xnacype HJM CTpMH onceua, na Ha.n.MOpCKHM BHCMHaMa OKO m, Pa3JlHl.MTMM ekcn03mumjama M ekctpemhhm HarM6MMa - aajseha asnoce 60-70, rj, npencraan.ajy BepTMKaJHe JMTMue. KJlMMaTCKM ycjobm cy neyjennaseau. Teuneparypaa O.n.HOCM noxasyjy O)l.JlMKe ymepeho-kohtmhehtajhor pe:>kmma: cpeznse rozraunse TeMneparype asnoce 6,4-8,0 C, a cpeznse rozmunse asmnnryne 20,3-21,O C. 1JlyBMoMeTpMjcKM pe:>kmm, HapOtHTO pacnopen nanasana TOKOM ronane, xapaxrepaute nonpysje xao npeja3ho H3Meljyjanpancxocpenoseuaor; Cjeznre, MYMepeHo-KoHTHHeHTaJHor, Cnpyre crpaae. ozmunsa cyaa nanasana H3HOCH mm, a pacnpen no Meceu,HMa je yjenuasea. MaKCHMaJHe KOJlHqHHe nanaaana 3a6eJle:>KeHe cy y OKT06py, a MMHHMaJHe y Mapry H anpany, To ce 3HaTHO paanaxyje Mon ymepehokohtmhehtajhor pe:>kmma, y KOMe je MaKcMMyM y JleTO GyHH), a Mon M3MefbeHor janpaacxo-cpenoseuaor; rne aajamne nanaaana HMa 3HMH (MaKcMMyM y HOBeM6py HJlM.n.eueM6py) MaTHqHH cyncrpar H 3eMJbHWTe CBM JOKaJMTeTM HaJa3e ce y cxnorry rpyne CTapOBJallKMX nnaaana, y KojMMa ce sao cynctpatjaarsajy BpJO MonHe nacnare Me3030jcKMx xpe-nsaxa, ys M3pa:>KeH xpaunca 178

3 ---_ _.._-- ---_._._._--_._--_. 3ajC)J.HHua Orno-Ostryetum Aich y pcqlymjymhma jyroaanazmecpfinje perserp. CTeHe cy aajxeurhe )l.octa 411CT1 rpujacxn Kpe4lbaU1, ca BpJO MaJliM ca)l.p)l(ajem nepacraopuor OCTaTKa. 360r rora ce renesa 3eMJbl1llTa sanpxaea y A-C-CTa)l.l1jaMa. Ha nobplll1h1 3eMJbl1llTa B1)l.Jb1B1 cy KpynH1 Kpe4lba4K1 6JOKOB1 non pa3h1m Ham6l1Ma, nouexan CKOpO BepT1KanH1. DnOKOB1 cy )l.en1mh4ho rona, a nenl1mh4ho otipacnu Maxo BHHaMa 11 CTelba4KOM aererai..\hjom. Ha je)l.phm 6nOKOB1Ma ys jacry-nihe MaXOB1He y ny KOTHHaMa ce caxynrsa MaJa KOnl14HHa opraucxnx MaTepHja H nonaan no ofipaaosatsa 3eMJbl1WTa runa nporopeansane. lon nokphba4em CTelba4KHX 6HJbaKa 113Me1)y finososa ofipasyjy ce oprauorene penmaae, )l.y60ke no 20 em, apno naxor MexaHH4Kor cacrasa i ca BHCOKliM canpacajev Myn-xYMyca. Y HellTO 6na)l(1M ycnob1ma, xana Kpe4lba4Ki 6no KOB1 noxpnaajy Malbe noapmane, ya Bene npncycrao 6HJbaKa 4Hje ce nmnhe nofipo pasnaace, nonasa no ofipasoaan.a opranovnnepanue peazunne, xoja je HellTO )l.y6jba (no 30 cm), M1 raxohe cavo M03al1'-HO 06paJOBaHa. Hajfiorse ycnose sa paasoj sereranaje npysca xonysajanna peh)l.31ha, xoja je 3HaTHO )l.y6jba on opranorenax i rrpenasmrx (no 80 cm), ajh ce no CBOjl1M KHM 11 xeml1jckhm oc06hhama O)l.lb1X Hepasnnxyje 6HTHO. Ha ManOM 6pojy JOKanHTeTa, na Kojl1Ma ce xao cyncrpar jasn.a cepneht1h1t, raxohe cy paasajene A-C-CTa)l.l1je sesm.mnra - Myn-paHKepl1 una opranoreae cepneht1hht CKe penzrmne Tpaha H ct>jlophcthqkh cacras CnpaTOBH npseha 11 )l(6ylba cy, 360r HenOBOJbHHX e)l.a CK1X ycnosa, pacxananor cxnona, MaJl1X B1C1Ha (OKO 10 m) 11 npch1x npe-unnca (OKO 20 em). Y OBa nsa cnpara 3a6eJe)l(eHO je yxynno 49 apcra, lltoyxasyje na H3Y3eTHO 60raTcTBo acounjaunje y a HepO 1T1Ma. Taj cxyn )l.pbehact1x spcra je urapormx: OCHM KapaKTepl1Cm4H1X BpCTa CBe3e Orno-Ostryon Tomz (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop., Fraxinus ornus L., Coronilla emerus L. ssp. emeroides Boiss. et Spr., Cotoneaster tomentosa (Ait.) Lind\. Spiraea cana Wald. et Kit., Spiraea media Fr. Schm.), jaan.a ce H 113BeCTaH 6poj BpCTa csojcrae H1X CBe311 Ostryo-Carpinion orientalis Horv (Acer monspessulanum L., Carpinus orientalis Mill., Frangula rupestris (Scop.) Schur., Juniperus oxycedrus L., Prunus mahaleb L.). Y3 fipojue xcepodnrrc pena Quercetalia pubescentis Br.-B (Aeer intermedium Panc., Quercus cerris L., Sorb us aria (L.) Crantz., Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz., Corn us mas L., Cotinus coggygria Scop., Euonymus verrueosus Scop., Rhamnus catharticus L., Amelanchier ovalis Medic., Viburnum lantana L.), npncyrne cy BpCTe umpe ekojollke asmnaryne paspena Querco-Fagetea Br.-B\. et Vlieg. 1937, nl10h1pl1 11 3HaTaH 6poj Me30 HTa pena Fagetalia Pavl, 1928 (Fagus moesiaca (Domin., Maly) Czeczott., Ulmus montana With., Sorbus aucuparia L., Rhamnus fallax Boiss. 11 np.), Y cnpary npnaeuae nope jaan.a ce jour 144 spcre, llto 3Ha411 na je y 29 1TOueHOnOlK1X CHHMaKa OBe nophct14k1 apno fiorare sajennaue aafienesceno yxynuo 193 spcre. noce6ho cy atpakt1bhe y nph3emhom cnpary cren.asxe apcre: Saxifraga aizoon Jacq., Sedum ochroleucum Chaix., Sedum album L., Sempervivum heufelii Schott., Arabis alpina L., xao 11 xame 1TH apno jaxor xopenoaor CHCTeMa y jacry-iacraa 6yceHHMa: 179

4 3aropKa TOMHh Dianthus petraeus Waldst. et Kit., Athamantha haynaldii Barb. et Ucht., Globularia cordifolia L., Thymus pulegioides L. Ha MeCTHMa rne je.ll.y6hha 3eMJbHWHOr noxpaaa-ra 6ap HeKOJOKO em yxopeisyjy ce 6yceHaCTH XeM1KpHnT0cP1TH: Galium purpureum L., Silene viridiflora L., Silene flavescens W.K., Galium lucidum All., Edraianthus jugoslavicus Laks., a 6pojHe cy 11 BpCTe 113 cpam1jhja Poaceae 11 Cyperaceae. Y npl13emhom cnpary rpefia nocefiao acrahn npncycrao naa H1CKa )K6yHl1lia pOB1X uryva: Erica carnea L. 11 Daphne blagayana Freyer, on KOjl1X je oaaj npyru 0611JHO sacrynrsea. Kapaxrepacrasne spcre acounjanaje cy: Rosa spinosissimal.,laserpitiumsiler L. 11 Teucrium montanum L., a notnyh1 KapaKTepHCTHlJH1 cxyn (xapaxrepacra-rae 11.ll.l1cPepeuuajanne spcre HBpCTe nsajy najanunrx crenena npucyraocra) ljhh1 YKYnHO 66 BpCTa )KHBOTHH CneKTpH aconnjanaje Cnexrap )K1BOTHHX 06J1Kaje cneztehn: cpahepocpl1ta 29%, XeMHKpl1nTOcPl1Ta 48%, xaaerpara 13%, reodnrra 6% H repodnrra 4%. Acouajaunja je XeM1Kpl1nTO-cPaHep0cP1Tcxor xapaxrepa, ca Benl1M yseuihesr.ll.pbehacthx BpCTa Hero WTO je yofiaxajeno aa Hallie noznretin,e. EKOJOlliK1 cnexrap cacroja ce 113 B1We rpyna: BpCTa Wl1pOKe ekojollike amnjl1 ryne 20%, KcepOTepMH1X 11 KcepocPl1JH1X 24%, Me30cPHJH1X 11 xl1rp0cpl1jh1x 14%, xe J10cP1JH1X 9%, nojycu,h0cp1ta 11 Cu,10cP1Ta 4%, KaJU,HcP1Ja 11 6a3l1cPliJa 14%, crersas K1X spcra 11% 11 nl10h1pa 4%. CKOpO nonjennaxo yxeiuhe KcepOTepMH1X, xej10cp1j H1X 11 CTelhalJK1X npcra Cjezme 11 Me30cP1JH1X 11 1H.ll.l1cPepeHTH1X ca npyre crpane onpa )KaBa Me30TepMH1 xapaxrep sajennnue. Cnexrap dmopuoreorparpceax eneaenara: cyfiaezurrepaucaa 21%, cpeznseesporr CK1 24%, cy6atjahtcko-cy6me.ll.1tepahck1 4%, eapoaanjcxa 12% Cy6jy)KHOC161pCK1 11 cy6.ll.akl1jckh 5%, nohtckh 11 norrrcxo-cyriuezurrepaacxa 9%, 1J1HPCK1 5%, Me311jcKH 3%, 6aJKaHCK1 4%, JOKaJH1 eh.ll.emht1 3%, uapxyanonapan 7%, ajnck1, KapnaTCK1111 CKap.ll.CKO-n1H.ll.CK1 2% 11 KOCMOnOJ1T1 %. BeJHKH 6poj eh.ll.emhta, xao 11 B1COKO y-reurlie pejhkth1x npcra yxasyje na pej1kthh xapaxrep sajcnnnue. Cnexrap KapaKTepl1CTHlJHOCTH nenosa naje cnenehe onaoce: paspen Querco Fagetea 21%, pen Quercetalia pubescentis 18%, CBe3a Ostryo-Carpinion orientalis 3%, CBe3a Orno-Ostryon 7%, CBe3a Quercion farnetto 5%, pen Fagetalia 11%, pen Erico Pinetalia 6%, paspen Asplenietea rupestris (creisasxa aererauaja) 6%, pen Festucetalia vallesiacae (cyae 11 rronycyae J1Ba.ll.e 6aJKaHCKe 30He)8% n npyrn, ca Malhl1M yueurhexr Pamunarsen,e H peuerrrnn pasaoj acouajauaje Y OKB1PY acouojauaje jacao cy H3.ll.l1cPepeHu,l1paHe TpHcytiacouujaunje, ua OCHO By BJa)KHOCT1,.ll.y6l1He 11 CKeJeTHOCT1 3eMJbHWTa, xao H cpjop1ctl1ljkor cacraaa (.ll.hcpepehu,l1jajh1x BpCTa). TOM npl1j1kom je YCTaHOBJbeHO na nojeznnre cytiacouajaunje 180

5 3aje;unn.\a Orno-Ostryetum Aich Ype<!>yrHjyMHMa jyrosanamre Cpfiaje npencraarsajy 1CTOBpeMeHo H 4>a3e passoja acouajauaje, xoje KOHceKBeHTHO npare re He3Y 3eMJh1111Ta. Kao rtpavapna 4>a3a - npenas H3 nperxonne cranaje uph060pobhx myaa - 113nBOjeua je najxceporepauuja cyfiacouajaunja pinetosum nigrae, ua KaMeHHTHM Jl1THuaMa BeJlHKHX narufia H najnnahna opraaorennv peunsanana. )J;H4>epeHUHjaJlHe spcre cy: Pinus nigra Arn., Chamaecytisus tommasinii (Vis.) Rothm., Carex humilis Leyss., Dianthus petraeus Waldo et Kit., Erica carnea L., Lathyrus sphaericus Retz. 11 Centaurea montana L. Y OKBHpy cyfiacounjauuje aanazceua je exonounca sapajaura serpentinicum, raxohe na nphmaphhm crannjaaa 3eMJhHlllTa, ann na cepnehthhhty 11 ca nl14>epehul1jajl HHM BpCTaMa: Vaccinium myrtillus L. 11 Euphorbia p/atyphyllos L. OmHMaJlHY 4>a3y npencrasna cytiacounjauaja coronilletosum emeroides. To CBOjl1M cneuml>whhm CTaHHlllTHMa na CTpMHM JlHTHuaMa H3aKJlOlheHHM CeHQeH1M CTpaaaua, y KalbOHHMa H«nucypaaa, xao H H3Y3eTHO 60raToj Hpanrospcaoj 4>JlOP11, OBa cytiacouajaunja y najsehoj MepH onpascaaa pejlhkthh xapaxrep aajennnue.,[(114)epehu1 janne BpCTe cy: Coronilla emerus L. ssp. emeroides Boiss. et Spr., Acer monspessulanum L., Carpinus orienta/is Mill., Thymus balcanus Borb., Me/ampyrum cristatum L. HHieracium wa/dsteinii Tausch. Cytiacouajauaja aceretosum intermedii npeztcrasrsa HajMe304>1JlHl1jy, TepM1HaJl BY 4>a3y pasaoja acouajaunje 11 QHH1 npenas npeva cnenehoj cranaja - Me30TepMHl1M 6y KOB1M uryuaaa. 3eMJhHlllTa cy ny6jheoprauorene 11 npenasue peanmae, xao 11 BpJlO ny 60Ke xonyaujanne. )J;114>epeHUl1jaJlHe spcre cy: Acer intermedium Panc., Acerpseudop/atanus L.,Lonicera caprifolium L.,Lathyrus hallersteinii Baumg. 11 Geranium robertianum L CUHTaKcoHoMCKU nojoikaj aconujauaje Paspen Querco-Fagetea Br.-Bl. et Vlieg Pen Quercetalia pubescentis Br.-B CBe3a Orno-Ostryon Toms, 1940 Acounjauaja Orno-Ostryetum Aich CBe3Y Orno-Ostryon ne4>1hhcao je ronnae G. Tomasic, xao nocefiny 1JHp CKy noncaesy CBe3e Quercion pubescentis-sessiliflorae Br.-Bl. 1932, pena Quercetalia pubescentis Br.-B Y nonenn TepMo4>HJlHHX nauihapcxnx sajennaua osora pena na yxyrmo TpH CBe3e, H. Xopsar; ronane, CBe uryae upaora rpa6a cspcrasa y CBesy Ostryo-Carpinion orientalis Horv MeljYT1M, OBaKO H3nBojeHa XopBaTOBa CBe3a OnHOC1 ce 1CKJhYQ1BO na aajemmue cy6menl1tepahckor xapaxrepa, xax xao xapaxre P1CTHQHe BpCTe canpxot 11 nese 311M3eJleHe, TaKO na HeK1 KaCHl1jl1 aytopl1 upaorpatiose uryve ynyrpaunsux )J;1HapHna nohobo cspcraaajy y CBe3Y Orno-Ostryon Toms, locne rtposepaaaa.a upnorpafiosnx 4>1TOueH03a on CJlOBeHl1je no jyrosananue Cpfiaje 11 ne4>1hhcalha cbojctbeh1x spcra CBe3e (To M11 h 3., 1980), raj npunuan je ycsojea 11 y OBOM pany, 181

6 3aropKa TOMl1n Acouajaunja je.n.eephhhcaha na OCHOBy MaKpOKJHMaTCKHX pa3jhka H 3aY3HMa npenaano KJHMaTCKO nonpyxje 6p.n.CKO-rrJaHHHCKOr rrojaca )J,HHapH.n.a, a ynopezmoxr epjophctwkom ahajh30m cy asnaojeue KapaKTepHCTHtHe BpCTC (To MHti 3., 1980, 1994). 4.3AKJbyqu;H 3aje.Ll:HHu,a Orno-Ostryetum Aich pacnpocrpan.eaa je y peepymjymhma jyrosarranne Cpfinje y Crreu,HepwHHM oporparpcxav, MHKpOKJHMaTCKHM H e.n.aepckhm yc JOBHMa. Kao H OCTaJe sajennaue pejhkthor xapaxrepa O.Ll:JHKyje ce H3Y3eTHHM epjophc THtKHM 6oraTcTBoM, xao H 3HaTfHM 6pOjCM eh.ll:emhthhx H pejhkthhx BpCTa. Peu,eHTH1 Pa3BOj acounjaunje, noneaau ca nenorenesov, canpsca CBe TpH epa3e, KOjC cy.ll:eepm-hcahe xao cytiacouajauaje: - subass. pinetosum nigrae Tomic 1980 npencraan.a npauapny epa3y; - subass. coronilletosum emeroides Tomic 1980 je orrthmajua epa3a, ca najfion.e H3pa)l(eHHM pejhkthhm xapaxrepoa; -- subass. aceretosum intermedii Tornic 1980, xao TcpMHHama epa3a, canpxn ene MeHTe cnenehe crannje - Me30epHJHHjHx 6yKOBHX uryua. Kao BpJO cta6hjha, epjophcthtkh fiorara aajenaaua, osysana epparmehtapho Y peepyrhjymhma jyrosananae Cpfinje, O1THMaJHa epa3a acouajaunje Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933, subass. coronilletosum emeroides Tom npencrasrsa nparoueny npapornry perxocr H 3aOCTaJU excnonar BpJO MaJO H3MellieHe repunjepae sererauaje. JlMTEPATYPA Ai ch i n ge r E. (1933): Vegetationskunde der Karawanken, Pflanzensociologie, Band 2, Jena 329S ( ): Amnac KJlUMe Jyeocnaeuje, Beorpaa E p K e p P.(1970): l(phu epaii y WyMCKUM sajeonuuaua noopyuja KaMHUWKe 6ucmpul{c Un.eeoc uiyucxo yseojuu suauaj, ztoxropcxa.d.hceptauhja y pykohcy, ljjymapck1 <)JaKynTeT Capajeso JOB11 H. (1980): 3eMlbuwma y utyuaua upnoeaepaiiay Cp6uju, pykoohc, LUyMapcKH <!>akymct YHHBep3HTem y Beorpaay, Beorpan K r a use w., L u d wig W. (1957): Zur Kenntnis der Flora und Vegetation aufserpentinstadorten des Balkans. 2. Pflanzengesellschaften und Standorte im Gostovic-Gebiet (Bosnien), Flora 145, Jena (78-131) C r e < a HOB 11 n B. (1964): lllyucxa eezemauuja tuupez noopyuja Tpebeeuha, Pan, Axaa, aayxa O1X, XXV, Kif>. 7, Capajeso (58-153) Tom as i c G. (1940): Asocijacije borovih gozdov v Sloveniji, Razpravc mat.-prirod. razreda Akad. Znan. in umetn. u Ljubljani, Ljubljana (77-120) TOMl1ll 3. (1980): (/JumOlWllo3e upuoea epatia (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.) y Cp6uju,.notcropcxa naceprauaja y pykoo1cy, WyMapcK1 cl>akymet YH1Bep3HTeTa y Beorpaay, Beorpaa 182

7 3ajeJJ:Hua Orno-Ostryetum Aich y pe<l>ymjymhma jyrosananne Cp6Hje To M H n 3. (1994): Lleuoapean upuoza epaiia (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.) y Cp6uju, Fnacn. HCT. sa 60TaHHKy HOOT. 6auTe Ymm. y Beorpaay, TOM XXV, Beorpan ( ) <> a 6 n] an H h D. (1964): f1pujl02 n03ua6q/by lekux HOJa3UUtma nauuuheee OMopUKe ua neeoj o6a JlU lpuue, HapoJJ:HH uiyaap 1-2, Vol. 43, Capajeso (31-42) <> YKape K l., CTC <> a 0 BHh B. (1958): lpauiyua lepyhuua U teeua eezemauuja, Pa.n:OBH norsonpnapenao-uryaapcsor (!lal<yjteta 3, Capajeso (93-146) X 0 P BaT 11. (1959): Cucmeuamcku OOUOCU xpacmoeux u 60p06UX iuysui jyzoucmouue Eepone, OHOOUlKH rachhk 12, 3arpe6 (1-40) Horvat 1., Gl av a c V., Ellenberg H. (1974): Vegetation Sudosteuropas, Geobotanica se1ecta, Band V, Stuttgart q 0 Hh,[(.(1960): [Juouupcse epcme Ucyxuecuje 6U1bllUX sajeouuua, 360pHHK paaosa OHOJOlllxor HHCTHTyTa, N 4, Klb. 4, Beorpaa (1-28) Zagorka Tornic PLANT COMMUNTY ORNO-OSTRYETUM Aich N SOUTH-WEST SERBA Summary The community has been researched at six localities in south-west Serbia, mainly in canyons on almost vertical partly bare limestone rocks. The soils are in the primary stages of development, mainly limestone rendzinas. The association has been classified in the alliance Orno-Ostryon Toms and the order Quercetalia pubescentis Br.-Bl t has been represented by a plant community table with 29 items, with the characteristic species of the alliance and the association. The association has been differentiated into three subassociations which at the same time represent the development phases: subass. pinetosum nigrae Tornic primary phase; subass. coronilletosum emeroides Tornic optimal phase; subass. aceretosum intermedii Tornic terminal phase. The great content of phanerophytes, endemites and relicts, xeromesothermic character of the association and its coenoecological stability, point to a very long duration of the optimal phase in the almost unchanged floristic composition, at the refugial sites. This plant community is peculiar and rare, and it is a residual representative of a relatively little modified relict vegetation in this part of Serbia. 183

8 00.J::,. Ta6e."a, <l>htouehojloulka rafiena Table l. Phytocoenological table Acouajauaja (Association) OR N 0- OSTR ret UM Aich Cyfiacounjauaja (Subassociation) PlNETOSUM NGRAE CORONUETOSUM EMERODES ACERETOSUM NTERMED!BapHjaura (Variety) S[".JnNl1NCUM t a.nmopckabhchha Altitude) m i ! OO! llod !EKcno3HUHja (Exposure) SW W SW l.'w Nwi W 11.' 11.' NO SW NW NW!loW NW' S WiN 11.' 11.' 11.' 11.' ino o i NW N 0 SW NO NO o H6(Slope) ! i 50! ;:;: reojowka noanora (parent rock) JEl\P1 KPEtUhA!.{11 CEPTEHTlHHT JEl\PH KPEYlhAUH :: 3eMJhHUlTe (Soil) OPf AHOfEHE KPEYMYKEPEH):{3HHE OPf. CEPT. PEH):{3. OPfAHOfEHE TPEJiA3HE f KOJlYBlfJAllHE KPEYlhAYKEPELl3HHE MecTo (Localitv) Tapa Man DpH. MH11 TpH60 DpH/MH.nl TpH60i MHn. Jh.M,DPH.!CTV. TVT. CTV. TVT. PH6aPHnH CTV. U Bp, q,htoueh.chhmka (N! of record) i i Crroar (1" laver) Cxnon (canopy) ' ! Cpen... BHCHHa (Average height) m i i 12 8 i 6! / ro i 10 Coena,a nnes. (Average diameter' em ' \ i?o Cpen pacrojarse (Average distance) m , 4 ' JO J KAPAKTEPHCTH'llEH.!U1<l>EPEHllliJA)HE BPCTE (Characteristic and differentia! species) lpinus nigra Arn. l.lll.l t.i t.i.l.l t.i : 11. i Acer monspessulanum L. i t.i r.4cer intermedium Pane l.l cer pseudoplatanus L. +.1 i.: Tilia grandifolia Ehrh. i +.1 OCT AJE BPCTE (Other species) Ostrya carpinifoliascop. +.1, ' V raxinus ornus L i.: +.1,+.1?.2 '.l 1.2 i V Quercus petraeamatt. agg. i l.l! ; +.1 i +.1 l.l +.1, T "gus moesiacaldomi", Maly) Czeczort.l i l.l l.l 1.2 T Quercus cerris L 1+.1 l.l l.l T Acer platanoidesl J' +.1 'orbus aria Crantz. +.1 l.l l.l +.1 ' orbus torminalis Crantz yruspyrasterborkh i opulus tremulal. +1 Salix caprea L., +.1 lsorbus aucuparia L i +.1 Corylus colurnal. l.! Ulmus montanawith i! +.1 Carpinus betulusl. i +.1 cer campestre L l.l, TCrrpar (1' laver) Cxnon (canopy) i i 0.6! i Cpemsa BHCHHa (Average heizht) m KAPAKTEPHCTHtHE H.!U1<l>EPEHijUAJlliE BPCTE (: haracteristic and differential species) Pinus nigra Am l.l l.l T Caron ilia emeroidesboiss. et Snr cer monspessnlanum L Carpinus orientalismill cer intermedium Pane l.l +.1 w a '0 :>:...: 0' s:.

9 !, : -00 V'o Ta6e.na 1. <bltollehojowk3 T36.",a (HaCT3BaK) Table 1. Phytocoenological table (continue) 6p. <phtouehonowkor CHHMKa i 7, i 8 68 Number of record) OCTAJlE BPCTE (Other species) 'raxinns omus L ! -'-.1 r +.1 '-'-1 12 i.! ' +.1 i Ostrya carpinifoliaseep, ;-.1 : +.1 : lsorbus aria Cranz : '-.1 Cornusmas L ! -; l,ll lquercus petraea Matt. agg :1 uniperuscommunis L ; -'-.1, i!1 Cotoneaster tomentosa(ait.) Lind\ r 1-'-.! -'-.1 1 Cotinus coggygria Seen ! uonymus verrucosu.sscop '- : ill orb us aucuparial ! i i agusmoesiaca(domin, Malv) Czeczott '-.1 i Rhamnus catharticusl r : +.1 : +.1 -'-.1 : -.1 ' 'VlamnusfallaxBoiss i +.1 Corylus avellana L : i i : i Sorbu» torminalis Crantz i i : ".1 i Crataegnsmonogyna Jacg f i +. t : [41u:/al1chier ovalis Medic i i 1 Qnvrcus cerris L +.1 j 1.2 : +.1 : 1cer platunoides L '-.1 i.,.1 \ p;rac a cana Wald. et Kit : Populus tremula L. +.1 r! : 1 lsalix caprea L i 1 Carpinus betulusl 12 :.1 : : i : 1 lrosaarvensis Huds Quercusfametto Ten. +.1! : 1 : Rhamnus saxatilis Jaco. +.1 i 1 etula verrocosa Ehrh. 1.1 r icea abies (L.) Karst. i +.1,, : rangula rupestris(scop.) Schur. +.1 :, Spiraea media Fr. Schm. +.2 ; 1 j i! 1 osa andegavensisbast yrus pyraster Borkh. +.1, Lonicera caprifoliuml.!! -'-1 i :! 'sonicera xylosteum L. 1.2 i! Viburnum lantana L. i i +.1,! Clematis vitalba L. i i uniperus oxycedus L.! +1! i i taphy/lea tnnnatai: +1! i runus mahaleb L. +.1, i! cer campestre L : Cnnar (3'" layer) ]OKPOBHOCT (coyer) i KAPAKTEP1CTWHE 11tui<bEPEHUllAJHE BPCTE (Characteristic and differential species) osa spinosissima L ! Laserpitium siler L Teucriummontanum L !, w.e! g. :: ::: f3 ;:s C l'> i: s ;:t> ri?" \0 t...l t...l '< "0 ('lj..., 25 i ::: E:. a WJ ('lj.q *

10 00 0\ Tafieaa. <>HTOl.leHo.lolliKa Ta6eJa(nacrasax) Table 1. Phytocoenological table (:ontinue) Ep. <jjhtoi\eho.lollikor CHHMKa (Number of record) Chamaecytisus tommasinii (Vis.) Rothrn , +.1 l Carex humilislevss. L L " ! +.1,, l Lathvrus sphaericus Retz. +.J -' r-t 1+.1 i, Ericacornea L.! L3 L ! 2.4 l Dianthus petraeus Wald et Kit ! 11 lmelampyrum scardicum Wettst J +.1 Centaurea montanal J 'Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh Peucedanum officinalel. +.J '-.J +.1 Pinus nigra Am Coronilla emeroidesboiss. et Spr J3 L lacer monspessulanum L Thymus balcanus Borb 2.4 L2 ljelampyrum cristatum L. L2 23 '{ieracium waldsteinii Tausch. i onicera caprifoliuml cer intermedium Pane J uuhyrus hallersteinii Baurng Geranium robertianuml Acer pseudoplatanusl Vaccinium myrtillusi iuphorbia platvphvllosl OCTAJlE BPCTE --Other spec;es Asplenium trichomanes L J , J V liuphorbia 1t11ygdllhlide.\" L r c , 'icia incana Gouan +1 C c.1 i ] t. l-ruganu,'('sca L '1 +! t-l il1l1s or/.w:" L '- +f:j !1J1l1/frJi"1 Scop r-:=t=ijt=,-"" "...) _,CC,+ -'-', i iii l'latantheru bifoliu! L ) Rich i+t -:]'11-- ii f-, ' '-c---, i.. ' ' -- _.c- VOla silvcstri» Lam Q ' -- -L--f:c.L flkj+ 2 +1! -----,-' _-'+"1 _.. f Tcucrmm chanuiedrvs L : +"1 + 2 r- + ' +.1 Brachvpodnun numatnm (L.) P. Bcauv Tanacctum corvmbosum Schultz c ill Anemone he/jljcu L r i. r +.1 t t. Campanulo persicifotu: L t r +.1 r (jalil/l//illrl'l/l"cl/l/ L l.encunthemnm vntgun: Lam ,J... c \ r +.J.. + -' - f--.- f-- l!!!'!.1!...!.!!!,\ lritl.:lm (Jacq.) Koch ( 'O)/KOlll1tl/l/ : <101"<111/1/1 (Mill.) Dru r +.1 +' i r r T '---'- }Jri;' lla erj.\ Huds +'( f 'felillis melvsoohvltnml it )a,,/lle hlaral'(lafrever t L Sorbns torminalis Crantz r +1 t Fcstuca ileterol'/(rl/alam Cares digitata), r w a "1:l ;.: oj ::: = ::;r

11 ' J Tafiena 1. $HTOUCHO.10111Ka ratiena (HaCTaBaK) Table 1. Phytococnological table (continue) lip qhtolc'hojlojkor CH1MKa (Number of record) JJ 3S S ' ! S <) 8 68 "lxrrllj!. 1 roumdifolia L \ l.athvrus \'Cl1dll.\(M,1 ) Wohl \ Ji;:llll,,\'/.lJllhi;':ll1 r-v1urr _ \ :'.J u, :Ar<:1o/1;uagr/il1--;';loidc.\'(L.) Neck ,-' t \ lestuca sulcata Hegi i J \ l'olvpodnnn vulgare L t--..: t.] +1 \ H..'rllCHlt1 murorun L :;:--1- r---: f--cr Doctvhs gknncrut«l ; /1'1111.\ 1'l/c}:lJidcs L , Scahiosa cohnnbaria L ' t c , _ _!!.. --h:1 tn s ('OlllS c(}\r/(fscop, T \ 1')llOrh; 1 pancici! Beck t i \ 'Y!!:"-""-L _. t-- _. +'1 +,-, _J f---f---- _._'-.-f---. Oncrcu» pelrul'11\1att. Agg +.1! t Hetianthemum Cln111(L.) Baurnu \ tl +2 \ ';':tif!:/f l "'=0011 "-(L +1!+. _+t.:.., \ _._-- - i-._--- Oucrcus ccrrts,h L +11 ; +"1 -tt f r +.1 i- Poa nemoralis L ' "1 +, \ Helleborns odorus Wald. ct Kit tl r +1 \ lllralis (L.) Rchb f ,.:J f '1-- f--- r-;:--i _Q Trifolnun d1ttll.\' Ehrh t- -+") \ Gatinm pscndoaristatnm Schur i \ /ej1i1flllllji/llll1m"'l;kr"m L f J.. _ f _J.!.. ('('k;; :11 (tf;cmllrl/md-ecand_ +.1 -:;: r ('!Jwlae,ytislis hirsutus (L.) Link T H- f----- r - +1 Enonvmu» 1'errlC()SSSCOP _ \ Catumintha vutgaris (L.) Druc \ t----- ;--- Hracht1,odillll/ si!\'(flc (Hlids) P B T +-j -- --' T ('oloneasler tomcntosa (Ait) Lindl \ Mercuriahs ovata Ster Et HOD. +.1 t.l (ialil//l.\'lb'lliclml \ l.ilitun mar/axon L ' \ Asncrulu odorata L r +.2 r \!'Vill \ Rosu andegavensi«bast. t ' \ 'l'rifillt/t11i}:lf{llii F. et Chand 'l/1lpo11/ l raj)ljju:1jloi/l!sl. +,1 +, Melampyrnm hoermanianummaly +.1 +:, l.athyrus pratensis L \'i!mc \'/art' (Moench.) Gar Arabis turrita L l'yrus pvraster Burg , 'eronica chumacdrvsl l'encedunum ()re(j.w.!lillum(l.) Moench w 2:. g =J:: C i2' s ;J;> n'?'" \0 W W '< -0 (ll -& '< 3. ' :;:: ::: ::;;:. a N :c (ll o ?S. o

12 00 00 Ta6e.na 1. mollehonowka rafiena (aacrasax) Table 1. Phytocoenological table (continue) Ep. q,mouehonowkor CHHMKa (Number ofrecord) 136 Sesleria tenuifolia Schrad , Solidago virgaurea L +J , estuca rubra L ! +.2 1sarom europaeuml.! Melica uniflora Retz Geranium sanguineum L. i Eryngium palmatum Vis. et Pane Campanula trachelium L i +.1 tellaria holosteal r edera helix L r 1.2 edum maximuml. +.J +1 +.J +.1 cer platanoidesl J ideritis montana L runus avium L +1 r r +.1 Origanum vulgarei.: i +1 ' +.1 athyrus niger (L.) Bemh '+.1 "' ' edum ochroleucumchaix Viola alba Bess Cachrvs alpina M. B. +.1.,.1 "' orb us aucunaria L Abiesalba Mill J Rhamnus catharticus L. ; Danaa comubiensis (Torn.) bur Calamintha officinalis Moench lsilene viridiflora L i +.1 Acer camestrel ! +.1 Cephalanthero longifolia (L.) Frit, !Doronicum columnae Ten ,.';edum album L +.11! , POen/illamicrantha Ramond +.1 i Coronilla varia L. +1!! ! 1 Frangula rupestrts (Scop ) Schur lpaslinaca hirsuta Pane +1' i! i SHenenutans L ! 1 Pimpinella mator (L) Huds , Allium pulchellum Don +.1., Campanula patula L ! Galium pumilum Murr Viburnum lantana L +.1! ' +.1!,Erysimum silves/re(cran) Scop. ' Viola mirabilis L Fagus moesiaca (Domin, Malv) Czeczot '00 compressa L. +.1, +1 lrosa arvensis Huds. i w a -e ::z: ;3?: :s:: ::J1'

13 -...L +.1,1-00 \0 Ta6eJ1a 1. <!lhtol.\eho.10wkarafiena (HaCTaBaK) Table 1. Phytocoenological table (continue) - lip, q,htol.\ehonowkor CHMKa : ; S i (Number of record) Hv rrcummontanuml : -, r 1 Aluga replans L,,', 1 CalaminthanepetG(-,---,-, : ' :', -,,,,,1: '" : --- g;eff-=-.clt-"_ ---'--. =_= :_=-_=i:- '-=.=-:1 lun1jjeros communis i..,',', +,1 ", 1, i 1 =--T' =T-=-===-_ _=_l. '-===.,._. '_;_ i Arabis al ina L.! Sesleri" varia Jac 1 Sempervivum heuffeli Schott. 1 Gcnista omla Wald ct Kit, ' "rrlll/l.l'l/alia/ehl,_,_..," - ---; +,1 -, ;...:..._.-1 Veratrum tugrum L i +.1 -r-. t' (iel1/wlla,"'/'j'il,"leaj :...!.-L_" "i" '. " '" +11, bascum densiflorum Bert L.L,..- _'_i i..:+:l'_l_-,_,;,,',' 1 r,_,,, --l--- ii Serratula tmctonal.., ': i:: 1.2 ' 1: 1 :;;:lara:e:.lu:-' -' '=-1= -=---,_= :_+T--+---_ -=--_' , ; [:Cul1,!lt_-- t _- = H--, =-=-_ L, ;.!.]0!2'C1!!!!!!,germamL1lm(Gr) _,_-_.::J..., 1 CalammthaaDina(LLam ,1 Rubus idaeus i.:,.,_,-:.:+-1 '+.11, : :,, 1 herom a!e.ntek!.o:'!!.:b_. '.,._-+---_ :,,i--.. _,: 1 Lithospermum purpureo-coeruleum L, : --:--t,; ----r-, +.1 i i 1 Cvclamen europoeumi.: +,1 +.1 iii! 1 Aelhionema saxatille (L.) R _Br_, ' ";' + 1iii,i i :, ', 1 EdraianthusjugoslaVlcusLakS -t; +,1 +.1 i : i -k j l! i Medicago lupulina L. : : +.1 i "'it : -,! ill Aquilegiavu/[arisL. i! i! +,1,,1!' 1 l}uplellrom S'!.bt".!!!J!!<., i.!!!!l '4---.l,: t--+-! l i Athamantha haynaldli Borb. et Uchr. + 1 : +.1 i T!, 1 Globularia cordi{oijal. ' 1,.2 --U,) i T u : 1 Aruncus vulgarisraf. 1: i l l +.1 ' 23 i 1 w..e. (1) :l::l,= po c (';> i2' s > n?" \0 W W '< "t:l n -& '<., '< o ::: :s: ::: po... '< a en po ::l :: n (J "t:l 0\.E. n