The world s highest peak on land is Mount Everest in the Himalayas. It is 8, m (29,036 ft) tall.

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Sabina Agata Marcinkowska
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1 The world s highest peak on land is Mount Everest in the Himalayas. It is 8, m (29,036 ft) tall. The highest 14 mountains in the world are all found in the Himalayas. stopa (ang. foot, skr. ft) angielska jednostka długości odpowiadająca 0,3048 m: 1 ft = 12 cali = 30,48 cm = 1/3 jarda More than half of the world s fresh water originates in mountains, and all the world s major rivers are fed from mountain sources. It is estimated that one eighth of the world s population lives in mountainous zones, and that mountains cover a quarter of the world s surface. The top 109 highest mountains in the world are all in Asia and 96 of them are in the Himalayas.

2 The Andes, which runs more than 4,900 miles, is the longest mountain range in the world. The Alps are the most densely populated mountain area in the world. Some of the highest mountains are at the bottom of the sea. Hawaii is at the top of a volcanic mountain in the Pacific Ocean. More than half of the mountain is below water. The largest range of mountains is in the Alantic Ocean. Measurement The traditional method of estimating the height of a mountain while you re on one is by taking the temperature of a pot of boiling water.

3 Water boils when the pressure of the steam trying to escape from it exceeds the pressure of the air above it. Air pressure decreases with altitude in a rather neat way. For every 1,000ft gained in height, the boiling point of water reduces by 1.8F (1C). So, at 15,000ft (the summit of Mont Blanc) water boils at 184F (84.4C). At the top of Everest it boils at 158F (70C) and at 75,000ft it would boil at room temperature. This form of measurement is called hypsometry (from the Greek hypsos, height and metria, measure ). The highest mountain in the known universe is Olympus Mons, a giant volcano on Mars, almost three times the height of Mount Everest. Olympus Mons is 15 miles high and 388 miles across. It is wide and flat, resembling a vast island in a sea drained of water. The crater on top is 45 miles wide and nearly two miles deep.

4 The mountain is so wide that its base would cover Italy and the caldera at the top would engulf London, though the incline of its sides is so slight (between one and three degrees) that you wouldn t even break sweat if you climbed it. The highest summit on the Moon is Mons Huygens, in the lunar Apennines, which is 15,000ft. It used to be thought that the moon was smooth until Galileo used his telescope and reported that it was just like the surface of the earth itself, which is varied everywhere by lofty mountains. He named many of these after mountains on Earth: there are lunar Alps, Caucasus, and Carpathians

5 ORIGINATE IN pochodzić z/od FED FROM zasilany z SOURCE żródło ESTIMATE szacować, oceniać, obliczać w przybliżeniu COVER pokrywać SURFACE powierzchnia DENSELY gęsto POPULATED zaludniony MOUNTAIN RANGE łańcuch górski MEASUREMENT pomiar, mierzenie POT garnek, garnuszek PRESSURE ciśnienie STEAM para wodna EXCEED przewyższać, przekraczać DECREASE zmniejszać się, maleć ALTITUDE wysokość n.p.m. SUMMIT szczyt, wierzchołek GAIN osiągać, zyskiwać RESEMBLE przypominać, być podobnym do VAST rozległy, olbrzymi, ogromny DRAIN osuszać, odwadniać CALDERA kaldera ENGULF ogarniać INCLINE pochyłość, nachylenie, spadek SLIGHT niewielki, nieznaczny BREAK SWEAT spocić się LUNAR księżycowy LOFTY wyniosły BE VARIED być urozmaiconym SMOOTH gładki, równy Kaldera duże, owalne zagłębienie na szczycie wulkanu powstałe w efekcie: 1) zniszczenia górnej części stożka wulkanicznego wskutek wybuchu o dużej sile (np. Katmai, Alaska), 2) zapadnięcia się obszaru nad częściowo opróżnioną komorą wulkaniczną, 3) stopniowego niszczenia szczytu wulkanu. Wulkanami kalderowymi są m.in.: Wezuwiusz, Kilimandżaro. Kaldera często wypełniona jest wodą, np. Jezioro Kraterowe (USA).

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