A Third of a Century of Research in a Serbian Village (in Serbian)

University of Massachusetts Amherst From the SelectedWorks of Joel M. Halpern Winter October, 1986 A Third of a Century of Research in a Serbian Village (in Serbian) Joel Halpern This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC_BY-NC International License. Available at: https://works.bepress.com/joel_halpern/125/

/UDC 39(497.11) (05) YU ISSN 0351-0190\E CBECKE VII 1986 Eeoipaq - TOUOAO.

ETHNOLOGICAL PAPERS VII o^sop Board of editors ftp flyman Eauduh JbUJbdHO. FaBpUJlOBUh flp Mean Koeaneeuh Mujie flp flujaua PucTOBuh JbyGuuia CrojaHOBuh M OflrOBQpHM Editor in chief flp flyman Eanduh onpema Cover design Creean ByJKoe Mexep Type-setter Kpnuh Editor ETHOJIOIUKO flpyuitbo CP Cp6nje Beorpafl IJ,eHTap aa Kyurypy,,flymaH IleTpoBMh niane" Tonojia TupajK 1000 FPO,,KyjiTypa", OOYP,,IIlTaMnapMJa KyjiTypa", BeorpaA, MaKeflOHCKa 4

ETHOAOIIIKE CBECKE VII 36opnuK padoba fl,ecetoi caeetoeah,a ETHOJIOW.KOI dpywtea CP CpSuje odpa/canoz 6 S. jyna 1986. y Tonojiu 1986 BeorpaA - TonoAa

UDC 39+314] (497.11 22) (091) Eap6apa KepeecKu-XcumepH M. Xajinepn TPETiMHA BEKA Y CPHCKOr CEJIA: 3AIHTO? Oeaj pad npedctaejba CUMO jedny cpasy y KOHTunyupaHOM uctpaokuean,y. OnaxaH,a o npomenoma y cpnckom dpyiarey od 1953 1985. zodune rpeba cxeatutu Kao nucajba dea ctpanua Koja cy nokyiuajia da pasymejy 6pse npomene y KOJuMa ce ceocko dpy- WTeo TpaHccfiopMucojio y Modepny undycrpujcky semjby. Oee xpancdjopmauuje cy cada saepwene u donejie cy noee HOHUHB oxueota 3a cee. V UCTO epejue, HUHU HUM ce, JyiocJiaeuja ce cada cycnaea ca MHOIUM nposjiemuma npucythum u y dpyzum caepejuenum dpyiu.t8uma. OdejbaK o demoipacpckum nodai4um.a nokyiuaea da pesu- Mupa HBKB od TUX npomeha Ha anctpaktoh HauuH. Mdeje o jiuneapuom u UUKAUHHOM epemeny nped^iooxene cy Kao jedah od Hauima da ce paayme u npuxeaxu npojuena Koja je yeek cahuh,aeajia deo OKUBOTU y dpyiuxey (I^UKJIUHHO epeme), a da ce uctoepembho y3m.y y ogsup u one epcre npomena Koje nacrajy Kao pesyjirax TBXHOM.OULKOZ paseoja, undyctpujckoz pacta u 6p3e ypdahusauuje u KOJB ce He nonaajbajy (AUHeapno epeme). Hauiu padoeu o coi4ujajmoi crpyktypu, demoipacpuju, ycmenoj Tpaduuuju u Medu-yuHCKoj ahtponojiozuju Haeedenu cy na Kpajy. V jmcry cy yujbyneuu COMO padoeu KOJU ce sacnueajy Ha MaTepujajiy ca- KyrubBHOM y Opaumy, dok cy octajiu, y KojuMa je pen o CpQuju y iiejiuhu ujiu o dpytum Kpajeeuma Jyzocjiaeuje, Haeedenu y 6u- 6jiuoipa<f>CKOM npeznedy J. M. Halperna i Kidecklea. Ayropn cy yuanped saxeajimi Ha KOMenrapuMa jyzocjioeeh- CKUX Ko.aeza. Veod Ha HMBoy JIHHHMX oflhoca BepoeaTHo fla ne nocxojh pasjior fla ce noctasn nutaite Koje je y nacjiosy osor pafla. flyrotpajno M CTajino MC- TpajKMBaitie SMJIO je OR Henpoii;eifcHBe KopMCTH aa MCTpajKHBane M sa ifemxoby, cafla Beh oflpacjiy, fleu;y, a Koja cy 6mia 6e6e Kafla CMO npbm nyx CTMrjiM y cejio Opainau;. IIpeMa OHOMB IHTO Kaacy nanim npmjaxejfam MS cejia, saflosojbctbo us osor flyrotpajhor ^po^eca BMJIO je 060- erpaho. AJIM MSBan JIMHHMX OflHoca, Kanse cy MHTeJieKTyajine flyropohhor npoyhasaifca je^he jeflmhe saje^nime? Ilpe BMiue Ofl TpMflecex roflnna MoryhnocT fla ce flokymehtyje BOT eeponckor cejia, y OBOM cjiynajy cejia y Cp6MJM, npeflctaajtajia je

TpehuHa eeka y npoynaaatby... 145 iipabm akasemckm MsaaoB. TjieflaHO MS nepcnektmbe ahrjioamephhke nayne Tora BpeMena, JBAMHM sha^ajhm paflobm o 6ajiKaHCKOM ceockom flpyuitby SMJIM cy CaHflepcoso nnohupcko flejio,,bajikahcko cejio" M TBKCTO- BM <$>MJinna MosJiHJa o cxpyktypn aadpyze. HbMXOBe eryflmje sachmbajy ce na pesyjitatmma MCTpaaoiBaiia y nepmofly npe flpyror csetckor pata M 6MJie cy SHanajna chhmaita cta&a y pahmjmm spemehmma. Msyaes nanimx anajinaa o BGJIMKMM conmokyjityphmm, ekohomckmm M flemorpacp- CKMM npomenaivia Kpos BpeMe, erajrno npoynasaifce cejia Opamaij; y IHy- MaflMJM TOKOM HeKOJiMKo fleij,ehmja, Koje HMKafla HMje npectajio, npyjka M cmmyjixana onsjksiia M paaymesahba flmhammke npomena Koje ce Mory na onuite jfayflckoj JleruMUHHO cazjiedaeah>e npomena IIpBa Haynna ny6jimkau;mja Koja je nacxajia Kao pesyjitai naiuiix MCTpaJKMBaHba (CpncKo cejio, 1958) npeflcxabjbajia je ochosy ca Koje CMO carjieflabajim notohbe yonene npomene. YsMMajyhM sa npwmep KOMnpoMena y oflnocy Ha paniije MoryhnocTM npw6abjbah,a MaTepnfloSapa M HOBC speflhoctm, y KacHMJeM MSflafty (1967) onncyjemo cntyaij;iijy y KOJOJ ce cejbahm, nytyjyhw y BOJIOBCKHM KOJiMMa, cyonaeajy ca HOBMHOM M36opa: fla JIM fla Mfly nosnatmm, CTapMM M3JiOK3HMM MJIM ynpaso saspuiehmm, flyscmm, accpajiihmm nytem. y cejiy fla ce nojaajbyjy KHMMOHM, aytomo6mjim M MOTOHMKJIM. norjiefl Ha injfambmke y ujsexy ca^a HBCTO nokpmsajy o6jiaum npanimhe. IIOHeTKOM 70-TMX TOflMHa OnaJK3MO (CpnCKO CBJIO y UCTOpUJCKOJ nepcnektueu, 1972) fla je pypajiha cjimka aaflpjrajia aypy,,ofl namtm- B6K3" 3JIM T3J M3rjI6fl CT3JIHOCTM je C3MO nobpnimhcka BapK3. Ms6jIMsa carjieflaho, cejio BPBM ofl npomens. flo Kpsja 70-Mx roflmh3 BBJIOBMTM nejsaac IIIyMaflMJe BMO je McnpeceusH nyxebmma noroflhmm 33 cse Bpe- M6HCK6 npmjimke, 3 HOBM BO33HM HSPMHiy C6 H3 HbMMS H6 o6p3hajyhm C6 na join npmcyiha inkpiraeha ssnpeachs KOJia HSTOBapena CBHOM. Jype nopefl necaechmx neui3k3, nactmpa, npejts KOJM JISFSHO Kopsnsjy no OH3CHMM nytbbmms K3O fl3 Cy TO MMpHM C60CKM IiyTejblJM. HjiaCTMHHM B6HLi;M noctabjbehm flyjk TpaBHMx MBMij;a nyts cy ropko HecTMx sytomo6mjickmx M neiuahkmx TpareflMJa y flpyy KOMe je CTacassjia npsa renepsumja sosana aytomosmjia. CeocKe Kyhe cy o6m*-mo SMflane,,flajieKO ofl #pyivra", UITO je SMJIO join jeflho nacjiefje MS spemena TypaKa, ajim cafla je y MOJ^M fla ce Kyhe noflm>ky nenocpeflho ys nyt. HCKOJIMKO flomahmhctasa njiahmpajio je fla yjimum OKpeny safl&y ctpany MJIM CTpany 6es nposopa M T3KO ejimmmhmme npauimhy M 6yKy Koja je cafla noctajia yo6mhajeha. 3a sehmhy BJiac- HMKa KOJM noflmjky nosy Kyhy, Me^yTMM, najbaxchmje je fla ce csety ca nohocom nokasce (JpacaRHW fleo srpafle. Hosa Kyha ce obejieacaba HUM ne- KO nacjieflm MJIM KynM seautmnite. IIpBO ce noflmsce orpafla ofl Jianaija noctabjbehmx M3Mehy K3M6HMX cty6mha, UITO cmm6ojimhho osabeuitaba CBB npojiashmke:,,obo je Moje!" IIoHeKafl orpafla onacyje camo TpaBHa- Ty nospnimhy, MJIM rommjie ii,mrajia M necka Koje nekajy nonetak pafloaa. OnaJKa&a npmjimkom name nocere 1984. roflmhe notspflmjia cy cse Behy acejby sa camonotbphmbahbem.fobakas CTBB npenet je M Ha CBOCKO

'3XOH3 aj^dh1 ax3h EM M 3dodXBg MHSfog OBH 'SHMHOMtfEd axoxehee 3H3C -ogo oifxsao 3Ha<H M 'EHMirX BHEOMwdtfire;}! 'aaadn tfaduom MHMindaou fox -EHaEdx BH yciroh A EMMHBdiM ah. cirxmdii ao oxm OJ3H adu ajxdtf HHtfaf,,nijX[BHd3H" 'BMEii/Cdi A AiivLirA EMH M j Xo MirBxam (airaumn MinaaH -on MITE 'Moog Mirmoiz' Birao EM AD nfox) MtjntfEirw M SHfoaatf EJMMHOOEH immhaahtfonon /i -Anvtwu XHHOXO EH WMnanoi EWEnao BO OHl/aTES wonmrx ao oirmm HB& MHHECMU ^ iprb'edj nxofmybkixm MHBao BE xhhhmi,diidai, ->IBdBH 'BKt3djEg XMHahBdilO M XMHEDSdHiOU Mlfedoadh' M SHMHOMliEd 3HD -I.BHBE aifbemh ',,HM ar MHOH33K: OBH ajxb"' 'SHMIfX SHBDHWdflTEH BHHHEdl.0 XfXiZ1 3D ^D BtfBJL "XHSMEBd MITM ^TEfodu BH 'XhEfMU BH -odn 3foao MUMDOHEII MOHi3n Xo Mfon EIUMHEITSD EO otib'scee snmnsii owo MFiroi 'qni/bdj CBJ, X owmebirtfo Btf wirshon oadu owo E^B^I 'EHBifahdouodi. -H3IT3 M EiOWBin 3HHdgBCp SiXHJMfa'OU ^Co BtfEH ^O 'AVOW.d.311 MOHXEdSITOOU A si'mdj.oxtfhm BfoaeBd dbi,h3n S^OHBX af hbaofb^hbdy 'BITBD EM 35KMi,o oasic OFda 'oehbtf 'ao 3fo>i otf 'Bnaoira^HEdv X^BdJtfadu iraihaowxin A CotiaxraswD ',,moirm]/\ EE^I^" atfoa SHirBdSHMMr anaqian oxooiia Bxrandoa -EM 'a<hbq ahhmaox^g MOHMEMirg af OijfeiBiolz'oii 'Xirao X BEaa -tfod XfBMan wfom MlnHMyafoH MirM Edoratfo MtfBd fsdh MHi/od yf ao Mfox MBOHMO Msrooao SHMH ox Btf OH-MQ 'Xirao BH anao BE EJiEdayXH xmhohmdbio tfadou BHa^sdjBO v Eaoiro XHMITQO A BXIUMHBXO BaoH a^ohbx owafxtjawmdu BinElc'HaHMa XMHOtfBdj M Eirao XMHIfBXO BtJ^H XlTMiO WOHOHOXHaXMXdE A ahmifeed EM3H -aa y? 'XCBwaH amiia afox EWMtfEdjoHMa M BWMqro -an A tfbd BdMEHanraox OHhMiroiralz1 OWBO Xnawada wohtfogoiro A Bxoda BBQ 'a^h E'Hto'EdjEH antion oxra ojan adn M JIBH MxmBg M C'HBaM^BOBE A ao BaEionoM BxoaMSf EHMHEH JOHOOBO EMBHiiFda BE B[MJFEXOOH 'Minnas fohaqrn^h BH BiiMfHaaMa MtfEdi ao Eft s'hmhon EfMiAiMHodxBu BaoxM<H ac BfoH MafwaE BH dowtfo BE A^Ayi A -Ma A aunm<hj:o odbxo atoao adoaxadu stf i^d& 'MHBstrao OBH Xirao A Hiraa Mg stf an MITB 'jcfb^eda ao MXBH 'MffBaM^Edgo oamqrdem Maoyatf M MaoxM«H A3 XCoH Mgriwae BH WOHO MHMtfado CoHBgdX A 'ffedioag MHaqraoEnadu A MITM aaotfedi a'hikmifgo A ao MirMiraoadu -,,BXEifg joaooao" tfo MirMdowX ao Ao Mfox MITB 'Avmae -aitobh A3 M_fOH BlfaO MtlMHaOHBXO MfMHEJ -XirgBXO BH OHEnXxEE ',,^f -Btfodii BH HEICH" B^axmaaBgo BHBOMUOM wonad MifE^Ma OMO oxoajj ^x^u BH BaoH M Mimas BH,,BTJ^H EOEXO" :BXHaCgo Batf 'MdBaxo A 'MHKMEMCP ac afoa 'oaxohmijewob1 o>ihmhtf3[be XC -Xtfsobu M AiKKtion BhMCogo ioaxohbdxoohm A i/bd BH MEEiryo HMO imqrraas BH 3CBXOO 'BaXOHM^BMOb' BHMmadBXO MHITBHMWOH 'HEXO r^hmitgo IMO3OH A ixdtfee OWBWM atfao 'EHMtfoi OHMFoxan MOHOX Xf^BdJEPi onauaxoou ao BFBJMH tfo ai{xh aaoh 'BJEHO sntfed M EaBxotfado OHiroaotf M ncoxo -ou Btf wodmsgo o 'M ahmtfoi ahbao Xxaoou A aeeifotf EaxoHM^EWoiz1 Maon -BITh MHX^OtfQ 'MtjXa HB3OH aifeiti MfOH M (EUOdag BHtfEIIBE),,MHOd33 X" MtfBd onaraadamdu Mfaa BHEITH jongooouo JOMSH on X.CGWM EaxoHM^BMOb1 BJ -OHW Btf anmhanmh xexirxsad OEM A3 aifbxobh BHMirtfo xmao tfo ^jacxl/aoou oxan oxra OHO MtfEdio ao Bb1 agadxon -BW jcaoh M ^Biratf BHhMHxaraX" BHairuXn 'anoiru angoditfeh owmlc'ma OBHE^/ -BWMaogodi EH BHMfean-ago on M MnnHtfafEE MXO ou M OHdBXMifBja OHhMirMdu oirmg afmhbd ac a fox, '9961 'IIA '3X3393 3Um.OVOH13

Tpehuna BBKa y npoynabarby... cy npe OKO flsaflecet roflmna. YjiMny je sanenmo iniipokm ManyT ca o6ejieacehhm neinankmm npejiasmma M napkmhr!mec- TMMa. CTape sanatcke paflmohmne yctynmjie cy MBCTO cneumjajimsosahum posnum KyhaMa, camonocjiyraiwa, Kadpemvia M rpnnapckoj pa- Koja CHa6fleBa flomahe TypMCTe. a JIM je TO MCTM rpafl, y KOJM je flahmua flojiasmjia BOJIOBCKMM KO-,,npeKo Spfla", fla 6u npoflajia Kopny jaja? Y KOJM je flefla Paflo- B3H ofljiasmo ca iiitanom npoboflmbiiim neo flan y xofly flo rpafla M HSsafl, fla SM osabmo HBRM MajiM nocao y Tpaja&y ofl HeKOjiPiKo MMHyTa y cpeckom ypefly? flanac MSMe^y ApantjejioBua M OpaIII^a caoqpaha peflobha ayto6ycka JiMHMja. Y ApaH^ejiOBuiy je TaKofje M3rpa^ena M o6m- Jiasna netjta sa KpeTaae KaMMOHa M flpyrax TBUIRMX TpancnopTHMX cpeflctasa fla caospahaj He SM ontepehmsao rjiasny yjini^y. flyjk HOBMX nytesa no/jmrayte cy MOflepne CTaMSene srpafle. OeraTKa CTape rpaflapxmtbktype npmjimkom csakor nauier HOBOF flojiacna 6Mjio je cse. Baaa, HOHOBO ype^ena, cafla ce CMaTpa KyjiTypHMM u;ehtpom rpafla, a JteH pahmje npojektobahm napk, cafla OKpyacen penobmpahmm M HOBMM xotejimma, HeHTap je ssmbafta sa spene oflpjkabaita Me^ynspoflne jietite CMOTpe,,MepMep M ssyi^m". JIOKSJIHM Mssop MMHep3Jine BOfle noctao je ochosa sa npom3boflh>y jinu;ehli;hor nmha,,,pepsi Cole".,,B. B.", H33MB nofl KOJMM je no3h3ta p3flh3 Opr3HM33I^HJa,,ByKOBMHK3 6aK,a", npouimpmjia je acoptmman CBOJMX npomsbofla M ca rasnpahmm BOhHMM COKOBMM3 M flmjbthmm KOJia-nMhMMa. KaO M dpaspmkb, OB3J KOjieKTMB npy^ca CTajine MoryhnocTM sanoinjbabshas ceocne psflne cnsre. <J>jioTe,,B. B." K3MMOH3 Kpehy ce Ofl noctpojeit.a sa dpjiauimpakbe, flo notpomana y uejioj CpSMJM. Cnehe wsrjiefla fla CTMJKB ca MOflepHMM na- HMHOM 2KMBOT3. Ofl6aH6He dpjianie,,ka,a3 Mmiouia" M >KyTe raj6mti;e sa TpancnopT cpjiauia cy cbeflori;m fl3 ce UlyMaflMJa y BehM CB6T. YnpKoc OBMM Besaina ca rpaflom M flajbe, cejio Opamsu; HMje npoaiehmo KapaKTep pa36mjenor HacejBa M TO ne CSMO y pasmeuitajy Kyha Beh M y notnynoivt oflcyctby dpopmmpanor ueffrpa na packpchm- U,M nytesa, IUTO je flmpektha nocjieflmii;a HapeflBM MS nojiobmne XIX se- KS Koje cy orpahmhabsjie pasboj rpafloba. Y nocjieflftmm roflmhama flomjio je flo npeokperahba pahmjer MOflejis uehtpsjrassumje rpafla. Hexe npoflabhmu;e M paflite sa ycjiyjkhe flejiathoctm, Koje cy nekafla noctojajie camo y rpafly, cafla ce nojabjbyjy M y cejimma. To cy paflite Me- UIOBMTOM posom, ainsyjiahte, nouite. CasesHM sakoh cafla flosbojiasa ochmbaite MajiMx npmsathmx npeflyseha ca orpahmhehmm 6pojeM paflhm- Ka M ys yjimu;y ce cafla Mory BMfleTM,,npMBaTHMii;ii" Ty M TaMO. Ha iryry sa ApaH^ejiOBau; npojiasm ce nopefl aytomexahmhapcke paflmohmi^e, Ka- MeHOpecua M nekojimko Kadpana. Y jeflnoj Ofl Kadpana BMKenflOM nactyna dpojikjiopna rpyna. HJCHO MMe,,,CjioscHa 6paha", cehtmmehtajino je noflcehaite na Mfleaji saflpyjkhor acmbota, o 6pahM Koja flejie Kyhy M orhbmiirre. Y CTBapM, BJIBCHMK Kadpane je 6paHHM nap MS MjiaflenoBi^a. Ys 6pflo ca Jiese CTpane je nosa aytojimmapcka paflmohmii;a. ^BJIOBM macmje M KapocepMJe cy pas6au;ahm csyfla no flsopmuity M HCKM, npoflmpyhm y cyceflhm mjbmbmk, ctsapajy naflpeajimctmhky CJIMKV. AJIM, Kafla flo^ete flo Bpxa 6pfla M 6au.MTe norjiefl na nanopamy cejia Koje jieacm y flojimhm, join je cse TaMo: HMCTM BMflMK, 6pfla, yctajiacana nojba KyKypysa M XCMTB. IlojaBJbyjy ce M inymapnh 6arpeivra, JKM-

148 ETHOJIOIUKB ceecite, VII, 1983. Bnu;e flyac nytmha, KPOBOBM nokpmbehm ujpenom, HiJtMBimii M Ha xopwsohxy ce nasupy nypnypne Konxype KocMaja. CeHXMMeHxajmo? fla. He MOJKe ce samhcjihtm SOJBM aivi6mjeht sa crapy napoflny necmy,,iiiymaflmjo, poflhm Kpajy". Ca BMCime M us flajiena TO je wcxa CJIMKB Kojy CMO rjieflajih xpyrpcapajyhm ce y saflraem flejiy BOJIOBCKMX KOJia npe MHOro roflmha Ka^a CMO npbm nyx BUflejin ceno Opauiau; y npuctyn npoyuaeai-by sajedmiile (community study) 3ajeflHim;a Kao HerpajKMBaHKM Mexofl je onpas,naho KpMTMKOBaH Kao KpaTKOBM^o carjieflasaebe npo6jiema, KOHu;eHTpMcaHO na JiOKajino flpynitbo, npn HeMy cy MCKJByneHM HM TpenflOBM, MJIM, npeu;m3hmje peneno, y KOJMMH HMcy 6njia cana Ta ppa HMsoa tia flosojbho CMMcaoH Ha^MH. flaj&e, Tai-cse cy Snjie MHTejieKTyajino ekjiektmnne ca pa3jimhmtmm d?okycmma. To je OTezKaBajio KOMnapaTMBHa npoynabaiia. Hnje noflecno OB^e HacxaBflMCKycMJy y OBOM ciwepy, sell je flobojtho HanoMenyTii fla je, y Bpeine Kafla CMO sanonejin xepencka MCTpa>KMBaii>a y Opamny 1953 54. loflmne, flokymenxobabbe HaHMHa aimboxa flo xafla HenpeseHTOBanor y sanaflhmm HayntiMM KpyrosMMa, MMajio csor CMMCJia M saflosojbabajio xaflaiiikbe noxpe6e. Y pexpocnektmbm rjieflano, xakolje ce nokasajio fla cy name oncepbaij;pije 113 xor spemena, s6or xora IIITO je nain HaHMH pafla 6no flpyrahmjm Ofl nppicxyna flomalimx exnojiora, no6yflmjie HHxepecoBaite caspemehmx jyrocjiobenckmx exnorpadpa M flpyiuxbenpix iicxophhapa. JIomuTydunanue cxyduje IIpeflHocxM flyrotpajhmx McxpajKnsaiia MMajy flsa acnexxa. ce oflhocm na jioi-irmtyflmhajine cxyflmje, y KOJMMa ce iicxa nonyjiau;mja npaxm Kpos speme, mxo MMa noceone Mcxpa?KiiBaHKe pasjiore. Ms anxponojionike nepcnekxmbe, Kopucnocx jioiirmtyflmhajihpix cxyflwja ce nosehaeajia nobesmbabbem ca McxopujcKOM flemorpacpujom. Y npoynasabby nonyjiau;iije, flyroponi-ia onaxsa&a M noflau;ii KOJM cy MS xora o nocmaxpanom cxai-iobhnnitsy, ofl npecyflne cy sajkhocxm y flemorpadpckmx sappijaojim M cou,mjajihe cxpykxype. PaSJlLlHUTCL TBOpUJCKCL CTOHOBUULTa Snanaj osakbmx cxyflmja JIBXCPI M y TOMB mxo OMoryliaBa Kx xeopmjckmx npexnocxabkm y npoyhabaa>y ofla6pane nonyosakboj Bpcxn MHTep,n;MCD;iinjiMHapHor npi/icxyna, yo6mhajeho je fla XMM cxpynitaka npoynaba je^ny 3ajefli-iMu;y M fla npw xone KO- PMCXM pashobpche nepcnektmse flpynixbehmx, a nohekafl M 6nojioiuKHx nayka. Hama BapiijatiTa xakbor npncxyna y Gpamijy 6njia je CKPOMHM- JMX pasmepa, M spahajm CMO ce y ncxy 3ajeflHMD;y i-ie fla 6MCMO je no- HOBO npoynabajm (necx cjiynaj y anxponojionikoj jimxepaxypn),

TpehuHa BBKCI y npoyuaecn-by... 149 GHCMO aajeflhmijm npuctynajin ca pasjimhmtmx ctanobminta M fla 6n cnpopasjimhmte MHTepnpeTaijMJe. TpM notnyno pasjimhmte floktopcke.zpiceptaumje, OflGpaaene y AMO-, nactajie cy MS McxpaHCMBai-ba y Opaniuy ffpyuiteehe u KTJJIiypne npomene y cpnckom cejiy (Joel M. Halpern, 1956); Foeop KO.O pujyaji y npouec: acnektu ethozpcupuje KOMynuKai^uje y pypajinoj Cp- 6uju (Barbara Kerewsky-Halpern, 1979); M, neflabho, flemorpadpckh npocpiiji fleiia u npomena y cpnckom cejiy, 1870 2971 (Robert Wagner, 1984). CBG Tpii ycmepasajy CBOjy naacifcy na HCTM JioKajiMTeT. IIpucTyn M OCHOBHM dpohfl noflataka cy noxnyho npuctynu MtrrejieKTyajiHe nocjieflime cy saflobojbasajyhe MHTerpaTMBHe, yk- JtyHyjyhM M MOHorpacpMjy y KOJOJ cy cynejbene pasjimhmte nepcnektm- Be, mto sajeflho BOflM Ka pasymesaity flmhamm^-ikmx Me^ysasucHMx 03- Hoca na HHBoy coi^njajine CTpyKType, ycmene TpaflMijMje M flemorpacpmje. Ha npumep, yohasaifcem M anajimsom,,enckor nyjica", nomohy Kora H6KM ctapmjm HJiaHOBM 3ajeflHMu;e namte reneajiouike flexajbe MS MCTOpiije CBora pofla, BMJIM CMO y CTaay fla KOMeHTapmueMO esojiyi^njy M TpanccpopMai^Hjy flomahmhctaba Koja cy ce 6a3npajia na npmhu(mny. BaBMJin CMO ce npoyhasait>em ofltioca HMX Mepa cpoflhmhkmx oflhoca M HaHMHMMa Ha Koje nojeflmhii;m nepu;mnwpajy Te MCTe oflhoce yflmjaxpohmjckomokbmpy. BMTajiHe CTone n cnei^ndpiihhii OKBHpn flpynitbene CTpyKType, Kao IUTO cy sejihhmha M nopoflmhha CTpyKTypa flomahnhctba, Mory ce pasjachmtm nomohy aflmmhmctpatmbhmx sannca (KK,nre po^ennx, BeHHaHMx u ympjimx, KaxacTapcKe M nopecke KftMre, nonmcm CTaHOBHHinxBa M CJIMH- HM flokymbhtm canysahm M y jiokajihmm MecHiiM KaHu;ejiapMJaMa M y ApxMBy Cp6nje). BMJIO je Moryhe npeflctasmtm sesy flpyintbeniix ca KaKO MX fledpmhminy camm ctanoshmum cejia, jep TM oflnocm Bajy KOJieKTMBHM MflBHTMTBT y M3B6CHOM CMMCJiy. KOM6MHOBaH.e na MCTopMJCKe flemorpacpmje M npoynabaite ycmene TpaflMijMJe OMory- IIMJIO je MHTepnpeTau;Mjy BMineflMMeHSMonajiHor MOflejia cpnckor ceo- CKor flpyuitba. HanMH fla ce TO noctmrne 6MO je ekcnjinu;mtho noae3m- Ea&e KOMnjyTepMsoBaHMx cxpyktypajihmx fleiworpadpckmx M flpynitbe- HMX no^ataka M coi^mojimhrsmctmhke anajimse KOMyHMKau;MJCKe KOMne-i TeHu;MJe M robophmx o6pa3au;a IUTO je flapobmto nacjie^e HJianoBa yc- MBHMX Tpa3II^MOHaJIHMx KyjiTypa. Ha Taj nahmh MOFJIM CMO fla nanpa- BPIMO Many cpoflhmhkmx oflhoca y 3ajeflHM^M M rrpmnaflajyhmm HHM ctpyktypama sa nepmofl 03 200 Jluueapuo u V,UKJIUHHO epeme MaTepMjaji CTajino OTsapa Hose MoryhnocTM. MCTpaxcMBajiM CMO HaHMHe sa nobesmbaifee HBUIMX noflatana KO- KOHii;enaTa o jimneapnom M IJ;MKJIMHHOM spemeny. HpMMenoM

150 ETHOJIOULKC CBECKB, VII, 1986. osakbor npmctyns Moryhe je flohn flo pasymeeaita KSKO ce KyjiType M flpynitbehm CMCTBMM Meitajy TOKOM EpeMena M K3KO ce oflnoce npema ekojioiiikoj cpeflhhm. HoHeTHO CTaHOBMiiiTe SMJIO je fla ce KyjiTypne MfleojiorMJe Koje Harjiainasajy Mfleajine o6paci^e, OflBMJajy y UMKjiycM- MB, ajih fl3 JIMHHO MCKycTBO ys6k Mopa fl3 ce xsata y KOiuTau; ca JIM- HeapnoM (wctopmjckom) npomehom. Ty HMJe pen o HBSSBMCHMM CHCTe- MHMa: npe 6n ce MOFJIO pehm fla cy OHM y CTSJIHOJ MHTepaKuiiJM, M fla npomsbofle aflantmbhe cekbenije. Ha npmviep, KyjiTypHM Mfleaji npefl- HacTaajfaSEbe jyjkhocjiobehcke npomnpehe nopoflnij;e, ajim y TM MfleajiM iijhkjihhhor spemeha Mopajy fla ce npnjiarofja- B3Jy npom6h3m3 KOJ6 flohocm JIMHeapHO BpeMB, TO J6CT, nopoflnije y CBSKOM flstom BpeiaeHCKOM nepmofly. pssrpahmhe&e MOJKC fla ce nanpabm nsme^ hwx nopoflmhhmx ujmkjiyca y npou;ecy, HMJa ce fljihammks Besyje 33 MHflMBMflyaJiHe JKHBOTHB u,mkjiyce, M Oflpe^enii OKBHP JiMHeapnor spemens y KojeM ce OflBMJajy. Hene ofljimke coi^mjsjihe CTpynrype MMajy nobpat- HM KapaKTep, flok ce flpyre He penjiimmpajy. IIpeijMaHa KaTeropwsaipija HOJ3B3 KOJe Cy UjMKJIMHHe M KOJ6 C6 noh3bjfcajy, M OHMX KOJ6 Cy OflBOjene M jinneaphe, ne Moxce ce JIBKO MspaflMTii. CsaKii nojefluhai^ ce pa- ^a M ymmpe. Behnna JByflM caspesa M ctapii. Tanan cjiefl flora^aja KOJK he ce flechtm je, Me^yTMM, jeflmhctben sa csakor nojeflhhi^3. nepcnektm- B6 UHKJIMHHOr BpeM6H3 OflHOCB C6 M H3 flomljaje y TOKy 2CMBOTa M H3 npou;ece y u;mkjiycy nopoflime flomshmhctsa. Cuefl flora^aja y OBOM flpyrom nokpehy npomene y MHflMBMflyaJiHMM BMTaJiHMM flora^ajiima 6paK, MMrpaii;iija M CMPT cy imixobe flpyuitbene nocjieflmd;e. UjMKJIMHHOCTJ! KOJM npmmek,yj 6MO OflHOCM C6 H3 TMHOJIOrHJy, cekbehthmx flora^aja HMJa ce nonetha M sabpuina TSH- Ka Mory npeti;m3ho oflpeflmtm. HMCTO U,MKJIIIHHO spene Moace ce sammcjimtm Kao 33TBOpeHM Kpyr. y rpacpmhkom o6jimky MOJKB ce npmkasatm Kao cnmpana ca HMSOM KpyroB3 KOJM ce 33Tsapajy OKO npsse JIMHMJB, Koja npeflct3bjt3 JiMHespno BpeMe. JlMHMJa JiMHespnor spemena npoflyxcass ce 6ecKOHanHO, ajim MO- Hce fla npomehm npabau; M OTyfla nata cnary cjihhny ejiektpmhhom nojby, fla MOJKB fla ytmhe na annjimtyfly, o6jimk M npenhmk Kpyrosa UJHKJIMH- Hor BpeMena. Moryhno je MsaBpaTM npomsbojbho nonethe M saspnihe TaHKe y i(mkjiycy, ajim one ysek Mopajy fla 6yfly y BBSM ca cnei^mcpmh- HMM npoii;ecmma, BMJIO ca npou;ecom cpm3mojiouikor CTapeH>3 MJIM cs roflmhihjom C630HCKOM nporpbcmjom. JIorMHH3 HOJia3H3 T3HK3 J6 HOB3 C6-3OH3, HOBM 2KMBOT ca yrpa^ehom cnoco6hoinhy sa penjimiijmpakfae. y JIM- HespnoM spemeny csakm floraijaj je jeflmhctben M ykjisns ce y nenpo- MeHJBMBM pefl. Osfle ce npou;ec He nojsnaba. KspaKTepMCTMHHO je 33 BpeflHOCHeflMCTMHKLi;MJeM3M6^y OBMX Bpe- M6HCKMX npou;ec3 fls je SHSTHO jiakuie OflpeflMTM JiMHeapno Bpeine K3O Her3TMBHO M UjMKJIMHHO K3O H03MTMBHO. JlMH63pHO Bp6M6 H6M3 CpMKCM- PSHM sabpmetak (Mafla ce, MS snajimtmhkmx pasirors, noct3bjb3jy ap- BMTpapne TSHKB nonetk3 M Kpsja). Moace ce npojektosatm y nponijioct, ajm ce He Mosce JISKO OflpeflMTM npems npotekjimm flora^3jmma. Ca Kyji- TypojioniKor CTanoBiiiHTs, jimhespno spene ce oflbmj3 y cekyjispnom, 3 He y CBBTOM KOHTeKCTy. Csrjieflano y KOHTeKCTy npowsbojbhe nonethe TaHK6, JIMH63pHO Bp6M6 C6 MOXC6 CSFJieflSTM K3O CT3JIHM npoij;ec 6MJIO

Tpehuna eexa y npoynabaiby... Kojer xpohojionikm dphkcmpahor MMj&ea UITO y itemy IIOCTOJM. PaBKOxeosaKBOM cxb3t3hjy jimheapnor BpeMena Mory fl3 npyste ajitepna- CTaHOBMIIITa Koja npomene sammuijtajy Kao ekcnepmmehtajiny aky- M TO Kano ce ona oflpaxcaba na KyMyjiaTMBHM acnekt KyjiType, noce6no y oflhocy Ha TexnojioniKM pefl. Y OBOM flpyrom CMMCJiy, JIM- Heapno speme join HBMS cpnkcwpahm Kpaj, 6es npeceflana je, M He MO- 7KQ Ce OflMaX M JI3KO 3HTMI}HIIMpaTM. B636 M3M6i)y npohmoctm M 6ynocTOJe, ajin K.MXOB OflHoc HPije HM HMnjinuMTaH HMTM IIoniTOBa&e CBerar aajiaan y II;MKJIMHHO spene M oflhocn ce na npnpoflhh CB6T K3KO J6 OH npeflct3bjbeh y flh6bhmm M C63OHCKMM aktmb- HOCTMMa. PMTyajiM OKO po^efta, CBafl6e M CMPTM cy CBBTM MapKepM ape- Mena y ZKMBOTHOM TOKy. C obsmpom na TO fla ce npomjioct penjimii;iipa, ona ce HOHOBO McnyH-asa M peacpmpmmine TaKBMM pmtyajimma. I^MKJIMHHO speme cahkia;iiohmcaho je putyajimma adpnpmau,nje noctmrnytiix ctaflmjy- Ma. PMTyajiM ce Mory carjieflatm Kao acpupiviauhja BMOJIOIUKMX npodjeca M roflmintimx i^mkjiyca. MfleaJinaoBana SyflyhnocT ysek caflpacn u;mkjimhhe ejiemehte KOJM ce oflnoce na nohabjbah>e npouuioctm, Kao y ahtoniinmpahmm ctaflmjymmma MHflMBMflyajiHMx JKHBOTHHX TOKosa. flora^ajmma JIH- Heapnor spemena notpesne cy pecpepehii;e n,mkjimhhor spemena fla 6n noctajie pasymjbmse. OHnrjieflHO je fla cy MCTOpMJCKe rofliinihiiiu;e, Kao IUTO cy npocjiase 3HanaJHnx flora^aja sa ochmbah>e H paaboj Hau;HOHajine flpjkabe, ykotbjbene y jinneaphom BpeMeny, TO ject fla ce florofle camo jeflhom. MnaK EBMXOBO notbp^mbaae M CHaacefte TOKOM roflhinaiix npa3hmka CMeiiiTa MX y OKBMP i^mkjim^-ihor BpeMena. y cjiynajebmma neonxoflho je fla ce paarpahmhe CTsapHM florafjajm 03 npou;eca K,Mxosor npocjiabjiaaa. y spctm npomena Koje ce Mory yohmtm y TOKy acmbothor HMKjiyca nojeflmhti;a, tpmkcmpanmx 6MorpacpnjoM, ti;mkjiycm ce TaKo^e Mory cxba- TMTM M Kao Mepa JiMHeapnor BpeneHa. CneuitcpMHHM u,mkjiycm ce ysek OflHOce na MflMOCMHKpeTMHKe flora^aje y ckjiafly ca KOHCTejiauwjoM ejie- MenaTa nojeflmhanhor MCKyersa, M cxoflno TOMB ysek MMajy MSBCCHM CTenen nenpeflbmfljbmboctm. IIpMMepM sa TO cy spcte cou;mokyjityphmx npomena y jimneapnom Bpeneny o KOJMMa je BMJIO penw y npsom flejiy OBor pafla. TaKBe npomene ojiakiuasajy fla ce npotymane nahhhm na KOJe MHflMBMflyajIHM 2CMBOTHM TOKOBM M H,MKJiyCM flomafemhctba OflCTynajy ofl MfleojiouiKMx onekmbahba. Carjieflasafte TMX flora^aja Kao flmc- KOHTMHyMTexa je, ca csoje CTpane, npomsbofl KyjiTypnMX speflnoctm ykoy MCKycTBy u;iikjimhhor BpeMena. BpeflHocTM KOJM cahmifaasajy MfleaujMjcKO cpoflctbo, ykopeiieho y U;MKJIMHHOM spemeny, MMajy TeHfleHUMJy cnopmjer MOflncpM- KOBaH.a Hero HITO je TO cjiynaj ca flora^ajmma, na nak M Mflejana o Tex- HOJIOIIIKMM M C K>MMa HOBeSaHMM 6KOHOMCKMM HOJasaMa, KOJ6 C6 floiay jimheaphom BpeMeny, jep MfleojiorMJe o flpyuitbenoj CTpyKTypM CBOJ KpeflM6MJIMT6T MS nohabjb3h>a, a H6 MHOBaUMJa. y ^MKJIMH- HMM KOHii;enTMMa KOHsepsaTMsaM je y JKMJKH M OH camo nocteneno M nojiako acmmmjiyje Mfleje sachosane y JiMHeapnoM spemeny. ysbbium, CB3KM MfleOJIOHIKM CMCT6M HOKyiUaBa fla CXB3TM O0e CK6 flmmbhsmje Ha T3J H3HMH IHTO yb6k HOKyiHaBa fla C6 HO3a6aBM H6- ahtmhmhmp3hmm

152 ETHOAOWKB CBBCKB, VII, 1986. IIpuMeua osux epemeuckux KOHiienciTa ua cakynjbene nodarke KaKO ce ose TeopMjcKe Mfleje npmmehbyjy Ha MCTpajKMBa^Ke pesyji- M3 cpnckor cejia? Y flyropohhom TepencKOM MCTpa3KMBaH>y Mory Bpjio npoflyktmbhe pesyjitaie. Ha npmmep, nocmatpajyhn o ctahobhmiiitby OpaiHija, Mory ce yohmth o^ekmbane npomene Hor BpeMena y nepmofly 1784 1984. roflnne. Osaj nepnofl npn6jiiokho ca noerojaifcem Opamua. 3a epene Ta flsa BeKa HMIIITEO ce ysehajio ca OKO 300 flyma nonexkom XIX BeKa na OKO 2000 XX seka, a op, Ta^a nacxaje nafl ofl OKO 11 Oflcxo TOKOM cjie- CTOJieha, Msassan yrjiasnom MMMrpaijHJOM y yp6ane Koje ce cse BMiiie nponmpyjy. HeTOCTpyKO nobehasaite CTaHOBHMinTBa Opainu;a y XIX seny KOimupa ca jeflhmm flpyrmm flora^ajen JiMHeapnor BpeneHa, a TO cy ekojiouike TpaHccpopMaii;MJe o6jiactm, npetbapa&e flotaflamifcmx xpac- TOBMX niyna y arpapne nospnimhe. Osa snanajha npomena penpesen- TaTHBna je sa TOKOBB paasoja y t(ejioj Taflamitoj CpBnjM. floroflmie cy ce Tano^e onekmbahe flpyiutbene crpyktypajine npomene, onaflaite eejimhmhe npocehhor flomahmhctba ofl ocam HJiaHoea na nohetky nepnofla #0 OKO H6TMpn y flahaiiihbe BpeMe. HocTOJe M onekmbahe npoiviehe y BMTajiHMM CTonana TOKOM npo- TeKJior BeKa (nepmofl sa KOJM pacnojiaacemo notnynom flokym6htaii;m- JOM). CTone pa^aita cy onajie 3a BMIHC ofl nojia, Ofl 48/1000 70-nx roflnna XIX seka flok cy CTone CMPTHOCTM onajie sa BMine ofl TpM nyta (357 /1000). CTapocna CTpyKTypa CTaHOBHMiiiTBa Opamu;a nponijia je Kpos anajiorne TpaHccpopMau;pije. To je HajonwrjieflHMJe y CTapocnoj rpynw 03 50 M BMine roflmha, y KOJOJ cy, M y ancojiyraom M y penatmbhom c-mmcjiy, SpojeBM 6MJIM sanemapjimbii net OflCTO 60-nx roflnna XIX BBK KacHwje flpamatmhho cy nopacjin na 25 KOMnjyTepa KOHu;enTa jimheapnor M i^mkjm^hor spemena, npmia- OCHOBHMM KOMITJyTepCKMM noflauimma, MOrjIM CMO TaKO^e fl3 npomene y yhytpainitoj CTpyKTypw flomahmhctba, y HajSjiMJKer cpoflctsa, M y CTapocHMM CTpyKTypaMa. y CTpyKType nponimpehor flomahiihctba flo nojiobnne XX BBKB, OflHOc 6njia je flnjafla OTaii/CHH. HOBMJM o6pasali; Myac/JKena Kao npn- Mapna flmja^a Oflpaxcasa cmaibehm snanaj npouinpehe nopoflime Koja ce cactojajia ofl flsa Spanna napa. Ys ose npomene JiMHeapnor BpeMena y cejiy, Koje TaKO^e oflpaacasajy M coijhoekohomcke TpancdoopMai^iije Koje cy ce oflbujajie y u;ejioj JyrocjiaBMJM y nocjiepathom nepnofly, noctoje M flpyre KBaHTMTaTMBHe notbpfle CTajinor snanaja nepcnektmse I^MKJIMH- Hor spemena y cpoflhhhkoj CTpyKTypM. 3a nocjiefla.m BOK MM3MO floka- 3e fla je npocehho flo6a CTapocTM xcena npmimkom CTyna&a y 6paK BMjio KOHCTBHTHO M fla je 6MJio OKO 20. TOflMHe. TOKOM BehMHe nepnofla y TOKy flsa BeKa (y OBOM cjiynajy ofl 1760 1949) erapoct oii;a npmimkom fterobor npsor CMHa (nema noflataka o acenama sa XVIII M no- XIX seka) TaKO^e je KOHCTanTHa H MSHOCM OKO 25 roflmha.

Tpehima BSKa y npoyhaeah,y... 153 ce sachmsa na flekaflm OHesor pofjei-ba). Mnxepsaji MSMeljy ponpbor M flpyror flexexa je OKO 2,5 ro^mhe M He oflcxyna y nepnofly 1850 1950. roflmtie (6a3Mpano Ha fleka^m po^eeba MaJKe). y Opainny M yonurre y IIIyMaflMJM, ynpkoc TpanccpopManMJaMa cxapocne CTpyKType CTaHOBHMIUTBa M npenojiobjbasa&y npocenne sejimhmhe flomahmhctba, npoijehax cxahobhminxba KOJM JKHBM y nponimpenum MJIK BMmecTpyKMM MJIM cjiojkehmm flomalimhctbmma, sahmmjbmbo, nokasyje cxa6mjihoct ofl 72 OACTO y nepmofly 1863 1973. roflhhe. ^po^ehat ny- Kjieapnnx flomahmhcthba TaKo^e octaje 6esMajio MfleHTMHan ofl 36 M 34 oflcto y flse Kpajae TaHKe y MCTOM nepnofly, Kao urro je H ca npouipipenhm M cjiojketimm flomahmhctbmma (48 oflcto). Ilofl ropnjy cjiojkehmx flomaiimhctasa noflbefleno je HeKOJiMKO TMnoBa flomahmhctasa. JeflMHMn;e Koje cy ce cactojane ofl flsa Opanna napa, oacehjehor ou;a M O2Kei-beHor cnna, yflboctpynnjie cy ce y spemeny OA 1863. AO 1975. ca 19 Ha 36 Oflcxo CBMX flomahiihctasa. ToflMHe 1863, 18 oflcto CBMX flomahmhctaba cannaabajie cy TaKse jeflmhhi^e y KOJMMa cy jkmbejim flba OiKetbena 6paTa (ca MJIM 6es poflmeiba). TaKas Tun CTpyKType necxao je flo 1948. roflnne. flo 1975. roflnne camo je 43 Ofl- CTO CTaHOBHHinTBa Opamia;a xcmbejio y flomahmhctbmma ca mect MJIPI BMnie ^ijiahosa (1853. roflmne xaj npou;ehat je MSHOCMO 89 EpcTa noflaxaka shanajna je CTora HITO OTKpPiBa fl Opanma, TOKOM conctbenor JKHBOTHOI MCKycTsa, jom JKIIBM y KOMnjieKCHMM flomahmhctbmma, TO jeer y OKsupy KOMnjieKCHnje cpofl- CTpyKType nero HITO je TO HyKjieapna nopoflim;a. flanac cy, Me-, flomalimhctba Manba jep MMajy Mai-bM 6poj fleu;e M Heflocxajy yfl- MJIM BehM 6poj nopoflmhhmx jeflmhmdja MCTB renepai^mje. 36or TOra LUTO je npoflyaxen ZKMBOTHM BBK y caspemehmm flomatimhctbmma,heuihm je cjiynaj fla y H>eiwy JKMBM octapejim poflmtejb, a xakofje cy necxe M MHTepaKu,Mje Tpn, na ^ak M HBTMPM rehepau;mje. Osaj flpyrm TMH MHTepaKu;MJa SHanajan je CTora IIITO npeflctabjba Hosy KaieropMJy: CTapMJH napobm M CTapnjM nojeflmhu;m, flyjke XCMBB. KopMCTehM noflatke cakyrubene na ocnosy yavrene TpaflMUjMJe, nama MCTpa>KMBai-ta noctabpijia cy jom nena imtaeba: KBKO nojeflmhii,m; CTpyKTypupajy namhe&e CBOje KOJieKTMBHe npotujioctm? f[a JIM o6jimk MMa ytpiu;aja na npenomeite MHcpopMan;MJa? Ha KOJM nahmh CMCT6M npmnobeflaha ycjiobjbaba no^atke Koje MSHOCM? ^a JIM ycmeno npehomeae namlieaa oflrosapa MHcpopMau;MJaMa Koje HOCTOje y apxmbmma M flpyrmm nwcahmm flokymehtmma? flo Koje Mepe KOMy- HMKaij,MJCKa KOMneTeHi^Mja M pecpepajinn OKBMP MHdpopMaTOpa orpahmnasajy npoyhaba&e xepenckor MCTpa>KMBana? TaKo^e je nposmtanan no- Kyruaj fla ce oflpeflm ecpmkachoct MCTpaxcMBaHesor Mexofla. Moryhe je cba osa nmxatba xamo rfle nocxojm jkmba ycmena TpaflMu;Mja, M si-ianajhm apxmbckm saniicn, icao mxo je xo cjiynaj ca OpanmeM. YcMena xpaflim;mja o5yxsaxa Mtiore flomei-ie Kyjixype M npyscmjia je oc- HOBHM MaxepMJaji sa KjiacMHHM extiorpacpckm nperjiefl y MCTOPMJCKOJ nepcnektmbm, ajim y OBOM pafly, y nokymajy MJiycxpoBaa>a snanaja flyroxpajtior TepencKor Mcxpajj^MBaaa, Moryhno je HasecTM MHore npmmepe KOM6nHOBaFba ycmene xpaflmu;mje M nanimx flpyrmx npmcxyna (B. 6M6jiMO«rpacpMjy).

154 ETHOJiowKe ceecke, VII, 1986. 3a.8pw.He Ha Kpajy, speflho je HanoMenyTM fla cy npnctynn o KOJMMa je OBfle BMJIO pehm, nacxajim MS nepcnektmbe flsa cou,hokyji- Typna ahtponojiora, Koja cy cjeflhhbeha M SpaKOM, ajm KOJM Heiwajy HM poflsimcke sese KM ethmhko nopekjio y Cp6njM. CMaTpaMO fla je flyro- POHHO TepencKO MCTpaaoiBa&e y Cp6njii 6njia nauia npnawjieruja. CBM acnektm nocmatpane KyjiType cy y CTajiHOM c DJiyKcy, npn newiy ce, napasho, pasjimhmte KyjiTypne ofljtmke Meaajy pa3jimhmtmm TennoM. y nanocjiy, oncepbaitmjama ca ynectbobaibem, MMajiM CMO aaflosojbctbo npmmetmmo fla cy Haina cxsataiba spemenom noctajajia cse MCTan- M fla naina ckopanieba casnaita oflpa^kasajy fly6jbe HMBOB pasynpoii;eca npomena Hero IIITO CMO pannje MOFJIH fla MX pasyiwemo. C flpyre CTpane, JtyflM Koje CMO npoynasajim, roflnnama cy, TaKO- ^e, npiimehmsajim npomene KOfl nctpajkmbana. OpamnaHM cy nposejim naniy nopoflnuy Kpos CBOje ctapocne CTaflMJyMe 11 nojine KaTeropwje, CB3Ky Ca CBOJMM MHBeHTapOM 3Hai >a, OflrOBOpHOCTMMa M KOMIieTeHIJMJ 3- Ma. Ha Taj nahmh je nani nocao y MasecHOM CMMCJiy pei^mnponan. CaMo no ce6n TO je BehflOBOjBHOflaonpaBfla Ham nocao y Opaiimy. (Hpesejia Mupjaua IIpowuH-fleopHuh) Barbara Kerewsky-Halpern, Joel M. Halpern EXPLORING SERBIAN VILLAGE ONE THIRD OF A CENTURY: WHY? Interpreting the material collected in an unique way, continuously in the same village during 30 years, Authors are applying different theoretical concepts. While Barbara Kerewsky-Halpern generally explores within the socio-lignuistic range, Joel Halpern applies various theoretical concepts of socio-cultural anthropology, and historical demography. In interpreting changes during latest years. Joel Halpern very successfully applies the concept of linear and cyclic time.

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY BY THE AUTHORS ON ORASAC AND SERBIAN VILLAGE M3BOP 113 BMBJIMOrPA<t>MJE AYTOPA o opaiiiuy M CPHCKOM CEJIY Halpern. Joel M. A Serbian Village N Y., Columbia University Press, 1958 (Revised edition, N. Y., Harper and Row, 1967) Halpern, Joel M. Town and countryside in Serbia in the nineteenth century; social and household structure as reflected in the census of 1863, in Household and Family in Past Time, ed. P. Laslett, R. Wall, pp. 401-27, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1972. Halpern, Joel M. Individual life cycles and family cycles, In The Family Life Cycle in European Societies, ed. J. Cuisenier, pp. 353-80. The Hague, Mouton, 1977 Halpern, Joel M., Demographic and social change in the village of Orasac: A perspective over two centuries, Serbian Studies, Vol. 1, No. 3. pp. 51 70, 1981 (Part I, Parts II and III in Vol. 1, No. 4, Spring 1982, pp. 65 92 and Vol. 2, No. 1, Fall 1982, pp. 33 60 (Parts II and III with Richard Wagner) Halpern, Joel M. & Anderson, D., The zadruga, a century of change, Anthropologica, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 83 97, 1970 Halpern. Joel M. & Hammel, E., Serbian society in Karadjordje's Serbia, University of Massachusetts, Papers in Anthropology, No. 17, pp. 1 36, 1977 Halpern, Joel M. & Kerewsky-Halpern, B. A. Serbian Village in Historical Perspective, N. Y., Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 1972 Halpern, Joel M. & Kerewsky-Halpern, B. Yugoslav Oral Genealogies and Official Records; An Approach to their Combined Use, Vol. 7, Ser. 526, pp. 175 204. Salt Lake City. World Conference on Records, 1980 Halpern, Joel M. & Wagner R.; Microstudies in Yugoslav (Serbian) social structure and demography, Program in Soviet and East European Studies, Occasional Paper, No. 8, University of Massachusetts. Amherst, 1982 Halpern, Joel M. & Wagner, R,; Time and social structure: A Yugoslav case study. Journal of Family History, Vol 9, No. 3, 1984, pp. 229 244 Kerewsky-Halpern, Barbara, Thoughts on communicative competence in a Serbian village, University of Massachusetts, Papers in Anthropology, No. 17, pp. 125 140, 1977 Kerewsky-Halpern. Barbara, Genealogy as genre in rural Serbia, in Oral Traditional Literatures (Fetschrift in Honor of Albert B. Lord), ed. J. Foley, Columbus, Slavica; pp. 301 21 1981 Kerewsky-Halpern, Barbara. Text and context in ritual lament, Canadian American Slavic Studies. Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 52 60, 1981 Kerewsky-Halpern, Barbara, Watch out for snakes! Ethnosemantic misinterpretations and interpretation of a Serbian healing charm, Anthropological Linguistics, Fall, 1983, pp. 309 325 Kerewsky-Halpern. Barbara, Rakija as ritual in rural Serbia, East European Quarterly. Vol. XVIII. No, 4, pp. 481 494, 1985 Kerewski-Halpern. Barbara, Trust, Talk and Touch in Balkan Folk Healing, Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 319 325. 1985 Kerewsky-Halpern, Barbara. & J. Foley, Udovica Jana: A case study of an oral performance, Slavonic and East European Review, Vol. 54, pp. 11 23. 1976 Kerewsky-Halpern, Barbara, J. Foley; The power of the word: Healing charms as on oral genre. Journal of American Folklore. Vol. 91, no. 362, pp. 903 24. 1978 Ke^ewsky-Halpern. Barbara. Halpern. J. M.. eds. Selected papers on a Serbian village: Social structure as reflected by history, demography and oral tradition. University of Massachusetts. Department of Anthropology. Research. Reports. No. 17. 1977