Stowarzyszenie Dla Dawnych Odmian i Ras Association "For Old Varieties and Breeds"

Transkrypt

1

2 1 Stowarzyszenie Dla Dawnych Odmian i Ras Association "For Old Varieties and Breeds" 1

3 Stowarzyszenie Dla Dawnych Odmian i Ras biuro@ddoir.org.pl Pokrzydowo 139, Pokrzydowo tel Eko Media, info@ekomedia.com.pl Association For Old Varieties And Breeds biuro@ddoir.org.pl Pokrzydowo 139, Pokrzydowo POLAND tel Eko Media, info@ekomedia.com.pl 2

4

5

6

7

8 Skatalogowanie, poznanie i promowanie produk- - - wa Pro Specie Rara mini banku genów mi z zagranicy Filharmonia Pomorska i Opera Nova to instytu- - czesnych polskich pianistów, laureat XV Konkur- ski Festiwal Muzyczny, bydgoski Festiwal Musi- 7

9 - - mników przyrody. - - XIX i XX wieku ry muzealne, m. in. oryginalne XIV-wieczne witra w Pelplinie. - -

10 stale restaurowany, posiada schronisko i restau- nia turystów sansowy ratusz. - Madonny i Kultury Romów Ciechocinek ma cztery kompleksy historycznych 9

11 i spa po bardzo zaawansowanych technologicznie kon- - wadzona przez naukowców drobiazgowa rekon trza innych rezerwatów przyrody skiego.

12 - go systemu ochrony przyrody Natura Ob- - - Obecnie powiat brodnicki ma do zaoferowania wych i gospodarstwach agroturystycznych z licz- w kurnych chatach. poczynek czeka w naszym powiecie bogata ofer siony w 1520r. Do tych i wielu innych ciekawych Brodnica i okolice to tereny, które przez wiele wie dniowiecza Medievalia w Grodzie Rycerskim Fo- warzyskiego Live Dance Brodnica, czy motocy

13 Among the goals of motion of old varieties and species, integration of scientists, exchange of data and information, promotion of the knowledge about biodiverisity and is the activity of Swiss Association one who breed old breeds or cultivate old varieties of farm plants to contact and exchange information. It will help us to build a database with the information concerning old breeds and varieties. It will also help to create a mini gene bank. - took place between 1 st and 3 rd October te scientists, farmers, gardeners, activists and other enthusiasts dealing with biological diver- portunity to exchange the experience with foreign institutions. Many experts have been invited to present their nected with the biodiversity. Once you decide to visit Kuyavia and Pomerania, kes, pure rivers, traditional villages and splendid historical monuments. It s a paradise for all na- of water sports, horse riders, but also for those who would like to be taken good care of in one of Poland s best sanatoria. You will touch the Gothic here and see the place in which a famous astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus was born. You will see how people lived here in an Iron Age. Fi- - the Kuyavia and Pomerania. It is famous in the country of its important musical circle and remarkably well preserved Art Nouveau architec- brand marks of the city on the Brda river. demy. It s not a coincidence that it was in Byd- lented young pianists, a laureate of the 15th International Frederick Chopin Piano Competition studied and gained experience. Also the Opera gathers a lot of attention due to a festival which takes place yearly in April/May. It s a splendid event which shows the greatest opera artists from the continent s most renowned stages. Another great events relating to the city s musi- sica Antiqua Europae Orientalis Festival, Paderewski International Piano Competition. One of the city s curiosities is built at the end of the 17th century Bydgoszcz Canal, an unique system of hydro-technical machinery, which, together with a surrounding park has a chance of - enabling inland navigation between Eastern and ry the canal hosted steamers, which transported

14 ty large black poplar trees being preserved as the monument of the nature. mous 18- and 19-century granaries. Such complex gathering of these buildings can be seen on the Mill Island. However, the city s most characteristic building is the site of BRE Bank designed a little 19-century palace, constructed in once fashionable neostyle. Bydgoszcz has another attraction worth seeing, a part of the city with characteristic mansion houses from the 19th and 20th century. ge Sites of Europe. It is considered to be one of the best preserved Medieval towns in the world. the place in which visitors can touch the magic enchanted in the brick and stone. 14th century, the evidence of Medieval splendour ples of Gothic bourgeois architecture in Central Europe. In the period of the town s prosperity it was an administratve and commercial centre, as of the Polish history took place in the Old City - exhibiting historical treasures of the region, like for example the 14th century stained-glass win- - in the 14th and 15th centuries as a main parish intings, sculptures and bas-reliefs, with the most beautiful one displaying naked Mary Magdalene being raised to the heaven by the angels. Originally, the work was placed in the central part of the church s main altar. In the Chapel of the Dormition of Saint Mary, situated in the southern t s why nowadays the chapel is more often called after the great Polish astronomer. Since 1500 there has been a huge bell on the tower, called says, the bell was cast from precious metals and proaching end of the world. Another legend says touching the bell with your left hand will bring you luck. Nowadays many Polish museums possess various elements originally belonging to the church. Another example of sacred Gothic architecture is St Mary s church, built in the 14th century. It s a monumental three-aisle building with the in- able decorative elements include carved in oak Medieval stalls, very precious wall paintings dating back to the 14th century, many epitaphs of Mausoleum of a Polish princess Anna Vasa. Original stained-glass windows of the church can be seen in the Regional Museum in the Old City displayed in a Museum of the Diocese in Pelplin. ler than other Medieval churches in town, however it has the greatest pieces of sacred architectu- - - tar, and ingeniously carved organs dating back to the 17th century. In the close neighbourhood of the Vistula River, between the 13th and the 15th century on the - lavatory tower called Gdanisko, the high castle s vaults and a part of the castle s defensive walls. served Gothic houses in Poland. A lot of buildings originally had medieval roots, but later changed their look according to the architectural fashion of a given period. One of the most famous medieval tenement houses is at 15/17 Koper- a modern heliocentric theory of the solar system use with a high vestibule and a large part of the house which used to serve as a store. tresses and was constructed between 1878 and 1914 as a 22 kilometers long ring including 15 13

15 forts, 84 shelters and 39 artillery batteries. Everything was connected with the system of roads, telegraphic and telephone network, had its own fresh water sources, moats, barracks, food and energy warehouses, a bakery, a laundry, a hospital, a church, a cemetary, radio station and a pi- - all forts have survived, although not all are open rves as a hostel with a restaurant and guides ready to show tourists round. 13th century original urban complex has been us unique Gothic monuments, like churches, city walls preserved almost as a whole, towers and a beautiful Renaissance manneristic town hall. ples in Pomerania, hides relics of Saint Valentine. In one of the church chapels there is also a mi- the hill and well visible from the far makes a big impression on tourists when they see it for the century, when the castle served as a fortress and a monastery. In the 16th century, the castle was taken over by the Polish king Sigmundus III and given to a Swedish princess Anna Vasa, who cleverly changed this typically defensive structure into an elegant Renaissance residence. A small town of Ciechocinek inhabited by only citizens is one of the loveliest Polish spas. which are connected to graduation towers creating one of a kind healing microclimate, by the means of vaporating salty water. Visitors praise the town for its peaceful atmosphere and like strolling among gardens and ecclectic spa buil- al place for relaxation and recovery due to its vast range of hotels, sanatoria, rehabilitation facilities, restaurants and cultural events, such as a yearly Festival of Romani Song and Culture. towers consisting of a wooden wall-like frame which is stuffed with bundles of brushwood is tuated in a horseshoe-like shape allowing heal- 14 of Poland s most famous promenades, a favourite place of artists and merchants at which various is offered. A large spa park, the biggest of four parks in Ciechocinek was founded in the 19th century. Inside the park there is a stylish wooden pump room, built in the style of Swiss spas. Ciechocinek has century, designed by Henryk Markoni, one of the was built in a Neoromananesque style the begin- the best spa services in town. mous for its archaeological site and a life-size longs to the Biskupin group of the Lusatian cul- is open to public. In this extremely popular place, visitors can witness how people led their lives many years ago and admire technically advanced solutions of this settlement once situated on the island on Biskupin Lake and inhabited by people. Bulwarks, gates, breakwaters, houses and streets have been reconstructed in the tiniest details. Next to the archaeological site there s a mu- oden elements, tools, decorations, weapon and fragments of dishes. Biskupin is a host of extremely popular Archaeological Feast, which takes place yearly at the third weekend of September. rest, which is a second largest forest in Poland. lence and soothing air. Although today most of the forest is the effect of pine tree planting, there are still unchanged spots protected as natural rese- twists are highly appreciated by cayak lovers. Visitors will encounter here many forest mammals such as boars, foxes, deer, fallow deer, polecats and badgers, and also birds like herons, white and black storks, wood grouses, eagles and cranes. Nearly 12,000 acres of the most beautiful part of fo-

16 Over 100 large lakes, forests, picturesque hills, pure air and peaceful ambience are the values of breams, European roaches and perches. Hospitable locals treat warmly every one who stops here attractive part of the river is between Nowe Mia- gher part over Brodnica is called Marchy Val- stic season opens in May and lasts until mid Sep- Brodnica is surrounded by the areas known as the years tradition. It is situated in north-east part of sically and geographically looking it is the Chemlin- Brodnica Landscape Park with the area of ha and Górzno-Lizdbark Landscape Park with the - this river is an ichtiologic reservation which makes it extraordinary in the scale of the whole coun- are included in Natura 2000 program. Swampy - was established. many hotels, holiday camps and agrotouristic farms with many additional features (sailing, centers was established for people who appreciate luxury. People who rest in this region have also an opportunity to taste fresh, healthy food prepared from natural ingredients. Medieval Knight many cycle routes and tourist tracks which help to Long and sophisticated history of the region has - - sit the Church Of St. Catherine, Chelminska Gate zowna when Brodnica was developing very fast. only few cities in Europe can present such a con- to. Every monument can be easily achieved with the help of the public or private transport. During many years Brodnica and its surroundings were administrated by our western neighbours but the city has never lost its polish charac- ca invests in the protection of the environment but motor, wood, agricultural, food, textile industries have also found their place here. Medievalia in Foluszki, Polish Championship in Festival. Brodnica nad its surroundings invite also to take part in many contests which promo- - rvest Home. ve the comfort of living and touring in this region. 15

17 stosowane do lokalnych warunków klimatycznych i paszowych oraz odporne na choroby. Ogranicze powiednich nawozów, pestycydów, herbicydów, nów, antybiotyków itp. Dodatkowo polityka rolna, - - niczych i o cenach produktów rolniczych. Bardzo CO 2. I bardzo szybko nowoczesne rolnictwo dopro-

18 cech w kilku zaledwie odmianach, liniach czy ra czych opanowany przez koncerny i sieci handlo ków, ul. Sarego 2, tel ,

19 ras w instytutach naukowych (w Polsce - instytuty - - ochrona in situ tzn. poprzez normalne (typowe dla niem wykorzystane dla ochrony cennych przyrod

20 stworzenie systemu wczesnego ostrzegania o za- - - dzy centrami zasobów genowych w celu zbierania, zachowania, oceny i wykorzystania zasobów geno gene_bank/ sity Information Facility. GBIF gromadzi i udo dów rolników i strategicznych interesów poszcze- - 19

21 Social Ecological Institute Agricultural biodiversity is the biggest biological and cultural heritage of the world. It guarante- most important is their resistance (they can stand lier than other varieties or be well adopted to storage. Similar features are connected with old and - mitation of agricultural biodiversity is connected with replacing local breeds and varieties with the breeds and varieties adapted to monoculture pro- ce on the environment. For example the erosion of the soil caused by monoculture farming is present on 1/3 of world agricultural resources. ming is also connected with replacing local old tion of insemination and the embryo transfer into breeding practice made fast spreading of modern breeds possible. Unfortunately due to this fact the that has been achieved with the help of selection is increasing of productivity of farm animals. Unfortunately, achieving this goal is bounded with side lity, fertility and sometimes even productivity. Agricultural biodiversity is the protection against crop failures, pests, diseases or epidemics. Disappearing of biodiversity was observed in should be introduced in every country in order to change this situation of the world have been established, too. the Convention on Biological Diversity was pas- - lity among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other 20 aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes thin species, between species and of ecosystems. Of course it is a mankind that is responsible for biological diversity. Moreover, it is a man who is it s the biggest destructor. However, the agricul- farm animals and varieties of farm-plants without the activity of these people. Biodiversity in agriculture is not only the diversity of plants growing species and varieties of their wild or not wild ance- ring hundreds of years thanks to diversity of local breeds and varieties. It also helps people survive in various climatic, geographical, environmental lat 150 years agricultural productions has chan- ditions has been replaced with the dependence on rieties and breeds of farm animals needed suitable fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, high-protein fodder, hormones, antibiotics etc. Moreover, agricultural policy was concentrated only on high productive production without measuring ry agriculture became a business with such featu- nies decide about agricultural products and their prices. Moreover, modern agriculture is connected 2 emission. Last but not least, the introduction of modern agriculture caused dramatic decrease of the cultural biodiversity Almost every old variety of wheat, onion, tomato, salad and pea in Italy have become extinct for last 40 years. Only In South Korea during eight sappeared. In 1949 we had 8000 varieties of rice, Mexico have become extinct since va-

22 rieties of vegetable have been crossed off from the still exist. 12 plants and 5 breeds of farm animals wheat and potato. Hf Cattle is today in 128 coun- - ted genotypes and production of needed features in only few varieties, lines or species lead straight to the liquidation of old breeds and varieties. genetic diversity that we use in agriculture at the beginning of XX century. Only during last 100 mals have become extinct. It is estimated that in Convention on Biological Diversity was created in order to prevent it. Every country that accepted its text should use all breeds and lines of farm animals and varieties of farm plants sustainably because of their meaning for the future of agriculture and food. In the preamble of Convention it is emphasized that the protection of genetic resources and sharing them are essential for feeding the world and that every country is obliged to protect breeds and varieties that are present on its terri- cal Diversity in 1996 but after over10 years of exi- - but we, as a society, have much more things to do. diversity is in the hands of farmers, producers, ught by the convention allow to introduce subsidies encouraging to keep old local breeds of farm animals or cultivate old varieties of farm-plants. However it is not easy to sell it and compete with big companies that have huge promotional budgets. Despite this fact more and more aware con- ut these consumers that take care of the origin of the product it is not possible to protect and develop biodiversity in agriculture. Biodiveristy exists only when it is used. In fact, something that is not processed, bought, eaten and used does not exist. FAO has conducted some actions concerning the protection of genetic resources. Since the beginning of 1980s. At the beginning there were only versity became a basis for FAO to introduce Global plan of action obliged members of FAO to create structures responsible for coordination of the pro- it is possible to conduct some actions all over the - as a part of Ministry Of Agriculture. Since 2002 all actions connected with protection animal genetic - - was preparation of the report concerning the state of farm animal genetic resource in the world. It was created on a basis of data delivered from tion Plan adopted in Interlaken (Interlaken Dec- tion for the meaning of animal genetic resource for feeding, agriculture and development but it also oblige international societies to protection and sustainable use of animal genetic resource. endangered. In fact, the numbers can be even bigger because we do not have any data concerning - regions of the world intensive agriculture and specialized industrious breeding has dominated agri- - with the help of ex situ method. Except breeding seed, embryos, oocytes, somatic cells and DNA. ce, Holland, Germany and Great Britain. However, the basic form of farm animal genetic protection should be in situ. It means that these the extensive breed of animals could be very important part of local development. Firstly, many atures can be used in the production or interracial crossing. Secondly, these breeds can be successful- 21

23 ly used to protect environmentally valuable habitats and biodiversity of rural areas (i.e. breeding wever it is not possible to really save these breeds of them will not be successfully introduced on the market (the best example are greenlegs chinkens eggs that have become and still are very popular milar to the meaning of farm animals. Old varie- view but also because of their meaning for nature, to local environmental conditions, has unique ge- their taste and biological values, too. Convention on Biological Diversity have caused some changes because of the obligation to introdu- bal Plan of Action for the Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. According to this plan the stocktaking of genetic resource of plants and the system of early warning concerning endangered achieved by supporting farms cultivating old varieties, encouraging farmers to diversify their cultivation and promotion of products made of old, ternational Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IP- ting and coordinationg the cooperation between institutions in many countries. urces for Food and Agriculture, Poland was obliged to realize all decisions from these documents. program of the protection of Plant Genetic Resour- other programs. National Centre Of Plant Genetic Resources was established in Radzikowo of plants are protected there from this amount are trials of seeds deposited in long term these are old varieties of fruit tress, bushes, pota- Universities, seven instiutions and seven stations of plant breeding and in Botanical Garden - Center for Biological Diversity Conservation of the Po- stitutions together creates Polish Gene Bank of National Centre Of Plant Genetic Resources is a part of national Network of Information Concerning Biodiversity that was established in order to support the cooperation between polish institutions that poses valuable collections or data concerning biodiversity from Global Biodiversity Information Facility. GBIF collects and public information concerning biodiversity from all over the dens, natural history museum, research institu- institutions. EURISCO is internet catalog (ava- restored or saved plants in Europe. Polish center has made passport data for plants kept in long term stock available. Europe strongly emphasizes the importance of saving its agricultural genetic resource. In new agricultural policy, which goal is sustainable agricul- dy doubts that agricultural biodiversity is basis of our food and we should save it because of three (at farmes and strategic interests of particular countries. Last but not least we should save biodiversity for the next generations. Poland is speci- are many traditional plants and animals in small farms. Moreover the cultural and environmental conditions on polish rural areas allow to reintroduce many old breeds and varieties. In Poland we have an opportunity make the protection of biodiversity one of the most important parts of sustainable development of rural areas. Social Ecological Institute 22

24 Ministerstwo Rolnictwa - - hodowli w ich naturalnym otoczeniu, a w przypadku udomowionych lub uprawnych gatunków w warun- ochrony w gospodarstwie (ang. On farm conse i niedocenianych upraw. - go poza wykorzystanie rolnicze. ograniczone zainteresowanie rynku produktami. orkisz. oraz starych odmian. Ochrona starych sadów drzew owocowych

25 - Amatorskie odmiany to odmiany warzyw, które rolniczych, przystosowanych naturalnie do wa przystosowanych naturalnie do warunków lokal- - dzenia - - wych czynników przyrodniczych i rolniczych, a nie w wyniku prac hodowlanych (Ustawa z dnia 26 - niku nie wymaga potwierdzenia w czasie realiza- siewnego odmian u producenta w przypadku od- Pakiet zasobów genetycznych twie 24 nasienna na zlecenie banku genów

26 - - - aktualizowana co 2 tygodnie elektroniczne wer go roku. Lp Gatunki Minimalna analityczna 1 2 cum Pszenica samopsza 3 Panicum miliaceum Proso 4 Avena strigosa Owies szorstki Maksymalna nasion innych gatunków szt/500g , Owies szorstki, Krzyca - - leganie. no przedstawicieli tego gatunku na terenie Ora owsa siewnego. Minimalna nia 5 Secale cereale var Krzyca nie przede wszystkim na glebach lekkich. Obszar uprawy

27 - - lnicznik, soczewica, pszenica samopsza i pszenica kowania. winien, zgodnie z art. 54a ust. 2 ustawy o nasien nym gatunkiem, czarny ugór lub koszona mura- 26

28 dawana na rynku cm. - - usuwanie odrostów i samosiewów, - bielenie pni starych drzew, niem przez gryzonie, - koszenie i usuwanie trawy lub wypasanie. - - miany odm. wyhodowana - - Ministerstwo Rolnictwa 27

29 Ministry Of Agriculture edible species of them was culitivated or col- ties in Poland is between 2500 and of them are plants with the importance of utility. red in national registry maintained by Research of cropping pattern and the reduction in resources for breeding. elements of biodiversity out of their natural location. species in their natural ecosystem, location, surrounding. In case of domesticated or cultivated reso- atures occur. not only with preserving old form in the place of origin but also traditional way of cultivation and troduced in the areas with traditional rural economy and big diversity of populations. -supporting the farms where old varieties can be traditionally cultivated -encouraging farmers to increase biodiversity in their farms -marketing operations connected with searching for market niche for wider selection of rural products -promotion of products made of old varieties Poland is the part of the convention since - nvention obliged Poland to protect gene resour- convention is to emphasize wider meaning of the conservation of gene resources of arable crops and untries in conservations of gene resources of ara of local cultivated varieties have been inclu- lar products were those made of cereals, especially spelt. intaining fruit trees and non governmental organisations tion, characterization, collection and utilization of genetic resources in agriculture (replaced by regu- - Seed mix of old varieties for various goals, i.e. recultivation Amateur varieties of vegetables that are not present in registry ties of arable crops naturally adapted to local conditions and threatened by genetic erosion (impor- these exceptions are limited.

30 align national law with Community law by implementing the provisions of Commission Directive derogations in relation to the registration of local populations and varieties of agricultural plants naturally adapted to the local conditions and threatened by genetic erosion and marketing of seed and seed potatoes of local populations and culti- servation of agricultural plants, which can be in- in variety used per year on Polish territory.an old variety may be registered two years after the erasure REGULATION OF THE MINISTER OF AGRI- CULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT dated 28 February 2008 on detailed conditions and procedu- Rural Development Program under Regulatory Action agro environmental program provement of local or old breeds and varieties that are endangered. Commodity production of local varieties of local varieties of crops in the villages, which will increase the diversity of species and varieties in rieties listed in the Annex does not have to be con- 4th year of the realization of commitment the pur- application for the grant of the fourth payment. The information about local varieties listed in national registry can be found in the list sof varieties of varieties. It is published yearly by COBORU. In that are updated every two weeks. However this crops 0.15 ha fth year from seed from the previous harvest. variety and who wants to receive the subsidy will be treated as every other producer of seed material. He will have to keep identity and purity of - - tions for the production of seed are situated in the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture and Ru- - local varieties of arable crops - endangered varieties of arable crops - endangered varieties of plants that accompany them in their natural locations (in order to - save their original properties - agrement with gene bank - maximum area is 0.3 hectares. Seed production ses and the rest was sold on the market. mined on the basis of the area directly occupied the court - not less than 0.1 ha and not more than Package Options Level of payment dangered genetic resources in agriculture Option 6.1. Commodity production of local arable plants Option 6.2. Seed production of local arable plants Option 6.3. Production for gene bank 29

31 0.40 ha, with the number of trees meet the quantitative and qualitative criteria. In the case of traditional orchards as, a larger surface area than 0.40 are included in the list annexed to Regulation No. 4, re- cast, or a variety of trees traditionally grown on Polish territory before the year 1950 (increase requires an increase in the number of varieties or spe- least 12 trees over 15 years, representing not less than 4 varieties or species, but the trees begin at a height of 120 cm and the circumference of their trunks at a height of about 1 m is not less than 47 cm. Perform basic treatments, - Sanitary cutting trees and screening overly dense crown, - Bleaching trunks of old trees, - Security of trunks of young trees against rodents, - Maintaining the general order in the orchard, - Mowing and removal of grass or grazing. rieties. Ministry Of Agriculture Varieties 1 2 cum Pszenica samopsza 3 Panicum miliaceum Proso 4 Avena strigosa Owies szorstki Minimum analytical purity Maximum concent of seeds of other species szt/500g , Secale cereale var Krzyca Minimum germination ability 30

32 dzimych. Skuteczne programy odtworzenia wielu Program pracy 4. Raportowanie i ocena - - cu

33 odmian i linii. - Opracowano programy ochrony dla wszystkich ras rodzimych. rasy dach dobrowolnych 9-12 wrzesnia 2003 w Krakowie ochrony G01b Konie G01c Owce 32 mami ochrony - ras Konie PLN/klacz

34 cowanie gospodarki 2. Rolnictwo ekologiczne dlisk przyrodniczych poza obszarami Natura 2000 dlisk przyrodniczych na obszarach Natura Ochrona gleb i wód 9. Strefy buforowe 33

35 National Focal Point for AnGR National Research Institute of Animal Production Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding successful programmes to restore many breeds Polish Koniks, Polish Heath and Swiniarka sheep. Since 1980 state support for conservation - breakdown of public sector in agriculture Since enhanced conservation efforts Development of the NFPs the Management of Farm Animal Genetic Resources stitution and National Coordinator Constituents of the Global Strategy 1. An intergovernmental support mechanism 2. A planning and implementation structure 3. A technical programme 4. A reporting component Global Strategy During International Conference in Interlaken 34 Characterization, inventory and monitoring of trends and associated risks Sustainable use and development Conservation Policies, institutions and capacity building Established in August 1996 by the Minister of Agriculture and Food Economy performance recording breeding value evaluation Further re-organization of animal breeding and reproduction Declaration and Global Plan of Action were adopted. National Research Institute of Animal Production is coordinating AnGR conservation activities in Poland National Focal Point on AnGR Increase or maintain the population size

36 Maintain genetic variability within breed Participation in the breeding programme is on voluntary basis 10 National Priorities Cattle PLN/cow Horses PLN/mare preferences for the regions of origin cords Follow-up of the Country Report Production 9-12 September 2003 in Krakow grammes tion programmes 2004 was estimated as PLN G01a Cattle G01b Horses G01c Sheep res, 5 ewes of olkuska breed, 10 ewes of any other sheep breed Council Regulation 1698/2005 Rural Development Programme cultural and forestry sector tryside (4. agri-e vironment - 1. Sustainable agriculture 2. Organic agriculture 3. Extensive permanent agricultural lands 4. High nature value habitats outside Natura High nature value habitats within Natura Conservation of soil and water 9. Buffer zones National Focal Point for AnGR National Research Institute of Animal Production Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding 35

37 USD stare odmiany drzew owocowych, przetwórstwo owocowe

38 - - 37

39 to biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer and persistent organic pollutants Big - above 1 mln USD Small - below 50 tys. USD SGP was introduced in Poland between 1994 and ecological investments implemented by non go- wanted to receive the grant had to be formally registered and owned bank account. -lasting, measurable ecological effects -availability in the whole area of Poland -availability for every NGO vestment eds and varieties allow us to claim that the postulates and dreams from Biodiversity Convention started to be socially introduced. It is possible 38 and varieties. its, fruit processing breeds and varieties chards and nursery gardens. - came available also for other organisations in Po- - old varietes were reintroduced (Grzegorz Hodun and Marta Dziubiak played a main role in this nected with agro biodiversity had been introduced before polish entrance to European Union. Later programs strengthened the process of reintroduc- us organisations dealing with biodiversity. Finally the grasroot iniciative have appeared ant these conference is a real proof of it.

40 Heifer International Polska rodzin dawane turystom, a konie wykorzystywane do re- 39

41 dzylesiu. Dla 21 rodzin zakupiono po 1 klaczy hu- - - po 20 sadzonek drzew owocowych starych odmian. - gich rodzin. - - Heifer International Polska Camelina sativa 40

42 Heifer International Poland international charity organization established in by experiences from Spanish civil war, he perceived the rule the cow instead of cup of milk as better way to help hungry people in the village areas - - buy the farm animals. ternational started in 1947 when heifers with calf After 40 years of absence, the organization retur- land has been working since Heifer emphasizes the development of small fami- organization want also to encourage people to undertake common initiatives and to build the fun- is constantly growing because of the fact that the offspring of given animals are passed to another farm and family. - - sist of few components. ling among neighbours. ighbour. 30 families received heifers of the bre- Pstra Pig. 17 famielilies received pigs by passing the gift. Pigs were bought from local breeders in Kurpie from the herd controlled by Agricultural not controlled. ciation of the lovers of Suwalski Landscape Park ducts are used by families and sold from time to - Of Poland. 9 families got 6 heifers Polska Czerwona and 5 mares Konik Polski. Milk is used in farms and horses are used for recreation for guests. 41

43 shop of live architecture. 13 families got heifers which female offspring will be given to other families. A few farms use the milk to produce cheeses which are sold to the tourists. tion of Producents of Plant and Animal Production in Miedzylesie. 1 hucul mare per one family 33 families will also receive mares. Animals are used for tourists recreation. sociation For Development And Promotion Of Filipów. 20 families received 2 hifers Limousin and and poor families. 10 herds will be bought for the farms involved in in order to prevent the rocks from becoming overgrowing Heifer International supports initiatives whose goal is to protect environment and cultural herita- - mission of the organization. Heifer International Poland 42

44 - nia, przystosowanie do szczególnych warunków wania koni. mienia oprócz ww. Equus caballus Gmellini oraz

45 polskich bytowych. - - gospodarstwach rolnych, hipoterapii, przy ochro- Dla ochrony zasobów genetycznych tych nielicz- ochrony zasobów genetycznych koni, prowadzo- 44

46 National Research Institute of Animal Production breeds have become extinct since the beginning of mand for food but also the policy of internatio- tive breeds are at the edge of extinction because of the low productivity and lack of adaptation to big production. However, it is essential to protect mina, longevity, productivity, fertility, low requ- and unique quality of products. is peculiarly endangered because of the disappearance of this areas of man s activity in which it Beacause of its location and shape, Poland has always been the country where horse has special po- - in the way of breeding horses. - - stors of today s horses. Most of sources, as a ancestors mention Equus caballus Mmellini and Equus caballus. Przewalski of cold-blooded horses which occur in norh-west Europe. - tion which occured in various region of then Po- - atures needed not only during the war but also during peace especially in the country that was famous because of the lack of good roads. Despite the fact that Poland had always had good conditions for horse breeding, the real planned impro- horses often came from the eastern parts of the co- As I mentioned, the situation changed in the second half of XIX Century. In this times breeders started to import horses from Eastern Europe in order to improve population especially of working horses. Arden, Belgian, German, English and French horses were imported to Poland in this - tions. First regional populations of hot-blooded horses started to appear at the turn of the century. Besides, in the eastern parts of Poland there were - - and for transport purposes. Despite all the destruction and changing the borders, mentioned types occurred in Poland also mical horse. Many old varieties disappeared. - from Malopolska caused the disappearance of ty necting Poznanski horse with Mazurski horse and 45

47 east Poland. polski was saved. In 2000 two programs were created in order to programs is to keep genetic changing of protected populations, to keep genotypic distinction, protec- ber of population is constantly growing despite the the case of Sztumski Horse and Sokolski Horse. many crossings with western breeds. the limits of these breeds is targeted to keep ori- versatility, longevity and low expectations. Nowadays when breeders search for highly specialized breeds we should ask the question how to use regional breeds which are not competent urism, hipotherapy, small farms. National Research Institute of Animal Production, Dawne rasy koni / Old horse breeds 46

48 gmin i 4 powiaty, 14 rezerwatów i 3 planowane, - - Ochrona in situ i ex situ starych odmian drzew owocowy. twórstwa nie w Grucznie Czynna ochrona rezerwatów kserotermicznych Festiwal Smaku w Grucznie wych - - niówka. Powstanie w ten sposób lokalny (regional- - 47

49 zasobów genowych (czyli wszystkich gatunków, sowane do lokalnych warunków mikroklimatycz ni, a wspomnienie lub wiedza o swoim terenie na mikroklimatycznych danego regionu. Ochrona in upraw, wspieranie gospodarstw, w których upra- - i produktów rolnych

50 Friends Of Lower Vistula Association the non govermental organisation established in of its actions is Lower Vistula Valley and it close- of fruit trees Restoring and promotion of traditional processing methods Creating a mini-museum in Gruczno Protection of endangered species Restoring old varieties of cereals - - orchards in Lower Vistula Valley. Particular attention is paid to these varieties of trees, whose number is estimated at only few (e.g. cytrynówka, is widely known, a rescue programme carried out ve method of preservation of gene resources of all the species, varieties and forms of plants cultiva- saving the tree species and gathering information about them a local bank of genes and a modern data bank of local varieties of fruit trees can be fo- stitute a material for selection and creation of new varieties of plants characterised by greater fertility and better adaptation to local microclimate and soil conditions. In orchards of 30 trees were regenerated and regeneration of ten times more orchards is planned. port of other non-governmental organisations to avoid accidental distribution. For example 40 va- of young trees was set up in the orchards at Lower Vistula Valley Landscape Park s Museum and Educational Centre in a village of Chrystkowo. Furthermore, setting up the nursery of young trees in the orchards in a village of Chrystkowo with local ecotypes of plum-trees and old varieties of apple-trees may be instrumental in restoring old methods of fruit processing. For instance, the ori- in big copper pots for even three days in the ma- - unhealthy mass production processed food. sing became an important issue especially for those people, who search for their roots and reminiscence or knowledge of the place they come from acquire greater and spiritually deeper value. Reintroduction and promotion of traditional methods of fruit processing will be an additional economical incentive to set up a nursery of endangered species of fruit trees. la Society other collections and nurseries of old varieties of fruit trees are set up with the following 49

51 Restoring of cultivation of old varieties of cererals in the area of Lower Vistula Valley - way of gene resources protection. Gene resources of farm plant are all varieties and forms of plants make a selection and create new varieties that will be better adopted to the microclimate of speci- crease the biodiversity of their farms, supporting the farms that cultivate old varieties and promotion of the varieties and products. Lower Vistula Valley. Exploration of these areas help us to get to know which varieties of cere- - but also because of cultural and historical heritage for next generations. Friends Of Lower Vistula Association 50

52 - - - go konsumenta w rolnictwie - ciw Pestycydom Kurpie to region o bogatych zasobach przyrod- - od 2002 roku. - z nich pozyskanego genetycznych i Banków Genów nych logicznego 51

53 kuropatwiana, krowa polska czerwona, konik pol produkt. Uruchomienie lokalnego przetwórstwa dla surow kaczek pekin P33 i minikaczka 85 owiec olkuskich i wrzosówek 51 krów polskich czerwonych 9 odmian ziemniaków odtworzonych z tkanki do minibulw drzew owocowych dawnych odmian - - twie. - Naukowych Linia technologiczna do przetwórstwa rodzimych ras drobiu - brok powiedzialnych za lokalne przetwórstwo (Sanepid, lekarz weterynarii, Ministerstwo Rolnictwa, na olchowego. brak lokalnego przetwórstwa, i producentami,

54 brak bazy danych - co, kto i gdzie, nienasyconych odpowiednia masa surowca, logisty- techniki gram zachowania rasy - Brak skupu mleka ekologicznego i mleka od Krowy rakowych leków do leczenia choroby Alzheimera rzony na nawóz stosowany do kwiatów doniczkowych, poszukiwany przez producentów ekologicznych warzyw dusz posadzonych zostanie 4000 drzew. posadzenie no- - ekonomiczna 53

55 Social Ecological Institute Among the goals of Social Ecological Institute we logical initiatives, actions supporting sustainable development and ecological education, elicitation of society. Social Ecological Institute was established on traditional orchards. Introduction of these varieties. troduction of old breeds and varieties (i.e. small Market analysis Introduction of local processing lish biodiversity consumption Kurpie model of biodiversity in agriculture New orchards of old varieties Polish action against pesticides Monitoring of GM soy distribution Building partnership in rural areas - Kurpie is a region with plenty of natural resources, social background, traditional farming and saw which is important advantage. Sustainable development of region through protection of biodiversity. Reintroduction and promotion of local old breeds and varietes. Promotion of products made of them. - Stocktaging of the area in order to estimated the level of popularity of old varieties of plants and small 54 Greenlegs hen s egg became a main product. Nod only has it promoted itself but also the idea of organic products and the need for the protection of biodiversity in agriculture. It turned out that there is a big group of consumers that appreciate its tasting valours and want to pay more for smaller formed with the help of special trade mark and many similar local products now. - ders, lack of cooperation between farmers, lack of information about market, the lack of slaughterhouse me easier. First technologic line for processing of ur. -lack of local processing plants -lack of information exchange between breeders and producers

56 -lack of knowledge about breeding -lack of database -lack of promotion Case study of local meat processing plant in Lutobrok this farm. Smoked sirloin produced in the farm have been reported as traditional product and have received Marchall of Mazovieckie Districk was connected with coordination of actions made connected with a permission for alder wood smokehouse. in such products. -high prize of local cattle breeds -behavioural problems -complicated regulations connected with the programs concerning protection of the breed -poor quality of seed, the organisation of insemination -small amount of bulls -lack of cooperation between farmers -logistics Sheep s milk is used to produce anti-cancer medicines. Sheep s milk colostrum owes proline that is needed to cure Alzheimer disease. Swiss doctors use extract of sheep s liver as the elixir of youth. Lamb - lean, easily digestible, high nutritional value, rich in phosphorus, sulfur, iron, zinc, vitamins B1, B2, B6 - recommended as a dietary for children and older people Pediatricians recommend feeding babies of lamb a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids Sheep manure - High-fertilizer contains many organic substances, nitrogen and potassium. Operation of this fertilizer in the soil takes about two years - can easily be processed into fertilizer applied to pot plants, wanted by the producers of organic vegetables cult cooperation with farmers associations. is little chance of reintroduction of horses to agriculture. A new generation of farmers do not have adequate knowledge and skills. More than 250 traditional orchards were established. Preparation of the raw material for processing from the old varieties of fruit Planting of new orchards Learning to care and protection of old orchards Logistics procurement Product promotion Reintroduction of native animal breeds and local plant varieties for agriculture is possible. Howe- exchange of information, exchange of experiences ronment matching programs to the needs and opportunities marketing Social Ecological Institute 55

57 dzania do obrotu i etykietowania nasion. Po osta Stowarzyszenia na mocy dekretu z 14 marca to np. porów odmiany monstrueux de Carentan, -

58 odmian publikowany na stronach internetowych naturalnie dostosowanych do warunków lokal- genetycznymi. - 57

59 nych hodowców nasion i publicznych instytutów badawczych poprzez organizowanie, z Katalogiem - - wspólnego z surowymi wymogami sanitarnymi, - rze motywowanych przez monopolistyczne ambi

60 - - - gólne przepisy do wykonywania praw powoda zdradliwe. - - przystosowane do warunków lokalnych i regional stosowane do warunków lokalnych i regional- - niczym. - - charakterystyczny sposób. - - ruszenia. - gionie Pardailhan. 59

61 z Katalogu oraz z rynku. - - Publics bmagarinosrey@linkeo.com 60

62 In a case between French government (more pre- - - ration Of Vegetable and Flower Seed Production sented will show why KOKOPELLI has not won. - and identify seeds that had been sold in shops, some invoices and various varieties sold via Internet. In November 2004 the report with 6643 abuses concerning improper labeling and introduction president of Kokopelli in order to present the do- that the seeds of varieties which were not placed list of varieties which are permitted to be cultiva- violated the decree from 18th may and did not have an opportunity to defend, the - cision was the conclusion that French law is not in compliance with the law of European Union (di- diversity the goal of EU and gives the permission to introduce various old and rare breeds and va- ce together with GNIS and FNPSP decided to appeal against it. In the legal decision from 22nd December 2006, Court Of 1st Instance found Dominique Guillet connected with labeling was decreased to ded that GNIS and FNPSP suffered because of the ganization. al the sentence. In the Supreme Court the asso- ning the procedures applied by agents of executive organs and their interpretation of facts, the third concerning the essence of the problem and the last one, fourth concerning admissibility of GNIS as a private prosecutor. its opinion about mistakes found in the report of - gned as they were not in it, for example leeks monstrueux de Carentan, and tomatoes oran- institution is only interested in things connected with the law. 2nd argumentation. KOKOPELLI reminded that the catalogue of varieties published on the GNIS any vigour. It is only a list of some varieties men- culture. It is a sum of the data from various mi- - and mistakes could be found in documents prepa- des, too. Association also questioned the validity of all violations. Some accusations concerned even the packages with seeds prepared for trade and some commercial facts on the KOKOPELLI website. 61

63 den is legal. However, despite this absurd facts presented by KOKOPELLI this method was accepted by the Court. 3rd argumentation. KOKOPELI informed that a special system helpful in introducing some varieties which are good for biodiversity should be whether it could use similar system during intro- swered. KOKOPELLI wanted those documents to be taken back. Some special conditions connected with this special system do not allow to use it fast and direc- the Seed Production Committee (a special body of Committee did not give any opinion in this case. It means that French country does not have formal obligation to protect biodiversity of varieties If we were to compare and observe the situation and the law in France we should claim that the decree connected with the law does not work in spite of the fact that it was accepted 10 years ago. However, today it is partially introduced. It allows regional farm varieties naturally adopted to local conditions which are endangered by genetic erosion. versity represented by the authorities is still too thin. Due to this, it causes bigger genetic erosion of some agricultural varieties. Finally, the new text is the tool of repression and new rules do not help KOKOPELLI to avoid the sentence. 62 technological and industrious seeds is a secession which is not in accordance with the properties of the same variety sold by association. KOKOPELI can compare it to foods on the same tree - obviously they are not equal. Moreover, the registration payments are very high (about 500 euro for each and open for all seeds, became a tool of totalitarian power and is used only for exclusive creating biodiversity which is helpful only during some exami- ated in order to protect some varieties which did not succeed in cultivating. Authorities agreed to create the law which is good for professional seed logue and the rules of registration created the monopoly for hybrid seeds. kinds of seeds was an act of citizen disobedience. Unfortunately, in effect, its seeds were not included in catalogue. Are they uninteresting for agri- - ties claim that they are very useful and good because of the variety of shapes, taste, nutritional values, endurance and productivity. So, in order to - tuation is caused by the actions of companies of the seed production sector on the market all over bitions and are mainly interested in mechanization and industrialization of agriculture. In the second half of previous century, France and talitarianism is present is present in many coun- sity of our planet. - the problem because of the payments which are similar to those from general catalogue. So it is also created for the professional seed producers that GNIS was not allowed to present its view (as an institution it is not allowed to use civil rights success of KOKOPELLI. cember 1989, claimed that civil actions conduc- - the sentence with the order to pay Dominique Gu- sistence of the decision of Court Of Appeal in dent of KOKOPELLI pay euro and pay for publication of this decision in four specialized magazines chosen by FNSP. So, as we see, despite all the effort the KOKOPEL- LI association lost. However losing in the battle in the court does not mean losing in the war.