Country Report on identification of training needs and learning outcomes POLAND

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1 Country Report on identification of training needs and learning outcomes POLAND THESEIS TRAINING ON HEALTH AND SAFETY FOR WORKERS IN THE ENVIRONMENT INDUSTRIAL SECTOR "This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein."

2 Deliverable number Dissemination level One (Confidential) Delivery date 31/7/2012 Status Version 1.4 Author(s) Mieczyslaw Borysiewicz (IEP-NRI) Wanda Kacprzyk (IEP-NRI) Katarzyna Rymwid-Mickiewicz (IEP-NRI)

3 Contents of the Country Report INTRODUCTION 4 Identification of the THESEIS Project partner 4 Objective of the country report 4 Report structure 5 PART I. 1 ST SURVEY RESULTS 5 1. IDENTIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND TRAINING NEEDS OF WORKERS IN ECO-INDUSTRY IN POLAND Methodology used for the 1 st survey Target groups Number of questionnaires sent and received Summarized data from the 1 st survey Wastewater operators Waste management professionals Training needs and gaps 25 PART II. 2 ND SURVEY RESULTS IDENTIFICATION AND DOCUMENTATION OF NATIONAL QUALIFICATION FRAMES FOR WORKERS IN POLLUTION MANAGEMENT OF ECO-INDUSTRY SECTOR IN POLAND Overview of existing/relevant qualifications in eco-industry sector Qualification requirements in the context of wastewater treatment plants 28 ANNEXES 30 Annex A. Questionnaires in Polish 31 A.1. Questionnaire wastewater operator 32 A.2. Questionnaire waste management professionals 39 Annex B. Documentation of questionnaire dissemination in Poland 49 B.1. Distribution list 50 B.2. Letter of the IEP-NRI Director 72 B.3. Confirmation of sending s 74 Annex C. Summarized data from the 1 st survey 79 C.1. Training Needs Analysis Questionnaire (WASTEWATER OPERATOR) 80 C.2. Training Needs Analysis Questionnaire (WASTE MANAGEMENT 85 PROFESSIONALS) Annex D. The educational system in occupational safety and health in Poland 92 Annex E. Polish qualification system 97

4 INTRODUCTION Identification of the THESEIS Project partner The present country report was prepared by the Institute of Environmental Protection National Research Institute in Warsaw (Poland), as one of the partners (P9) of the THESEIS Project (Training on Health and Safety for Workers in the Environment Industrial Sector). The Institute of Environmental Protection (IEP-NRI), is a governmental institute in Warsaw, supervised by the Ministry of the Environment and its own Scientific Board. Institute conducts research studies and application works in the following areas: fundaments for environmental policies and strategies; integrated environmental monitoring, especially with regard to environmental degradation processes and effects; major accident risk assessment and management in relation to stationary installation and industrial areas etc. The Institute s scope of activity also includes: international and national co-operation in field of environmental protection; environmental education; granting technical approvals for manufactured products used for wastewater and sewage sludge treatment; provision of expertise opinions regarding environmental safety of pesticides before they are registered in Poland; development of waste management programmes and regional waste management plans etc. IEP-NRI cooperates with international and regional organisations involved in matters relating to industrial accidents, air and water pollution including relevant institutions of the EU, ECE, UNEP, OECD. IEP-NRI has also successfully implemented a significant number of international projects in the area of environmental protection under INTERREG IIIA&B, 6FP, 7FP, Civil Protection FI, TACIS, NOP and PNRF. Contact details: Address: ul. Krucza 5/11 d, Warsaw, Poland Website: be@ios.edu.pl Objective of the country report The main aim of the country report is to identify the training and knowledge needs and potential gaps in the field of occupational health and safety training designed for the operators of wastewater facilities and waste management professionals, as well as to identify national qualification frameworks for workers involved in the eco-industry sector in Poland. Although the term eco-industry covers a wide variety of companies and enterprises for the purpose of the THESEIS Project it has been decided to focus on two sectors involved in environmental protection: the wastewater operators and waste management professionals.

5 Report structure The country report consists of two parts: Part I covering the 1 st survey results connected with the identification of knowledge, skills and training needs of workers in the eco-industry in Poland based on the answers received to both questionnaires on H&S issues in wastewater treatment and waste management. The second part of the report includes the 2 nd survey results leading to the identification and documentation of national qualification frameworks for workers in the pollution management of the eco-industry sector in Poland at the background of the legal basis for occupational H&S training in our country. Both survey results are followed by a number of annexes with: A questionnaires translated into Polish; B dissemination documentation including the distribution list, letters sent by our Institute s director; C summarized quantitative data from the 1 st survey showing the training needs; D the educational system in occupational safety and health in Poland; E Polish qualification system. On the basis of the country reports a Synthesis Report will be further prepared by the Occupational Safety Research Institute (P6). PART I. 1 ST SURVEY RESULTS 1. IDENTIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND TRAINING NEEDS OF WORKERS IN ECO-INDUSTRY IN POLAND 1.1. Methodology used for the 1 st survey Following the consultation process regarding the identification of the target groups and the eco-industry sector common for all the Project Partners questionnaires were developed in English by the Lead Partner (LP) and addressed to wastewater operators and waste management professionals. Then they were translated into relevant languages for further distribution. The Institute of Environmental Protection (P9) participated partly in the development of the questionnaires by proposing certain amendments during the process of drafting. For the questionnaire for wastewater operators they focused on matters connected with explosion hazards and safety and warning signs as well as preventive procedures relevant to wastewater treatment plants generating large quantities of methane. Whereas in the case of the questionnaire for waste management professionals our suggestions included questions associated with injuries, possible routes of infection, preventive and protective measures, safe handling of certain types of waste (such as medical waste, asbestos, green waste etc.), remediation of contaminated land, potential interactions between chemical substances. It was optional for countries (partners) to include additional questions, if required or found justified. Our additional questions included: a sentence formulating an interest of the responder in receiving

6 information on the progress and access to the future model of training as well as on the rating of the level of general OHS knowledge and application of safety rules at work and access to the results of working environment monitoring, if applicable. The questionnaire tables with appropriate instructions were placed on the THESEIS Project website for potential responders to be filled in on-line. However the vast majority of answers were received from those to whom the questionnaires were sent directly by . Some answers filled in by hand returned in a scanned form Target groups The target groups to which the questionnaires were addressed to included: eco-industry companies (namely: wastewater treatment plants and waste management companies); industrial enterprises (mainly the steel industry), research institutes involved in environmental and H&S issues, vocational education and training providers in the field of occupational H&S and emergency response services, consulting companies dealing with environmental issues, students of technical schools and universities, some unemployed people. Some questionnaires were forwarded by institutions from our distribution list to others, also involved in the eco-industry. A detailed list of 327 entities to which the questionnaires were sent to is presented in Annex B. The list is divided into three main categories associated directly with wastewater (229), solid waste (92) and others research institutions, chambers of commerce (6) Number of questionnaires sent and received By the end of May under the work Package WP 3, the Institute of Environmental Protection National Research Institute (P9) distributed both questionnaires among identified target groups likely to be involved in occupational health and safety (OHS) issues 327 entities. Pursuant to the instruction for filling in the questionnaires all questions in Part A in both questionnaires were mandatory, whereas the answers to Part B and any additional questions (if introduced) were optional. To facilitate the collection of answers to the questionnaires they were made accessible in relevant language versions not only through the Internet (on the Virtual Community Platform), but also distributed by and regular post. The deadline for receiving the answers to the questionnaires was initially set for 20 June 2012, but it had to be extended because of the small number of replies. A number of them were still being sent in July. All together we received 101 filled in questionnaires (63 related to wastewater and 38 related to

7 solid waste) out of the total number of 654 that had been distributed. The questionnaires received were then analyzed by summing up the answers obtained. Considering that we had no instruments to impose an obligation to have the questionnaires answered the results achieved seem quite satisfactory, taking also into account the beginning of the summer holidays season. The methodology used for the 1 st survey, identification of the target groups and the number of questionnaires sent and received comply with the requirements set in the THESEIS Project for its partners Summarized data from the 1 st survey Collected answers to both questionnaires were summarized separately and presented in the form of Annex C (attached to the country report below) containing Part C1 Training Needs Analysis Questionnaire for wastewater operators and Part C2 - Training Needs Analysis Questionnaire for waste management professionals. Some answers to optional questions were left unfilled. In general Part A shows that the majority of answers indicated a good level of knowledge related to the overall procedures and principles of occupational health and safety protection Wastewater operators The questionnaire addressed to wastewater operators included the following main groups of questions related to: A Health and Safety Knowledge and Skills, including: A.1: Safety policies and procedures A.2: Guidelines for personal safety A.3: Hazards related to the job, covering: A.3.1: Accident Hazards A.3.2: Natural and Physical Hazards A.3.3: Chemical Hazards A.3.4: Biological Hazards A.3.5: Ergonomic, Psychosocial and Organizational Factors A.4: Safety guidelines for working in confined spaces A.5: Guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials A.6: Fire safety guidelines B Opinion on the questionnaire, including information on received training during the last 3 years, proposals for further training in H&S issues and assessment of the questionnaire. Regarding the safety policies and procedures in place over half of the responders indicate higher than an average level of knowledge (37% good, 18% excellent). Only 7% have poor knowledge in the above matter.

8 Health and Safety Knowledge and Skills A1: Indicate your level of knowledge on safety procedures or plans for company and project site Poor 6% N/A 14% Excellent 18% Fair 12% Average 12% Good 38% The guidelines for personal safety, including the use of appropriate personal equipment and protective clothing are followed by over 60% of responders. Most of them are well aware of potential hazards at their working places and mostly indicate good and excellent level of knowledge in the field of personal safety. Do you follow guidelines for personal safety? Fair 7% Poor 8% N/A 12% Excellent 25% Average 12% Good 36%

9 Only 12% of responders indicate poor and fair level of knowledge regarding their awareness of accident hazards. 20% of responders seem not to be threatened by accidents at work. Almost 70% present satisfactory level of accident awareness. Are you aware of Accident Hazards? N/A 20% Excellent 17% Poor 5% Fair 7% Average 16% Good 35% Awareness of physical and natural hazards, such as excessive noise, vibrations and climate factors presents a rather good level with the result of only 20% indicating poor and fair level. Are you aware of Accident Hazards? N/A 20% Excellent 17% Poor 5% Fair 7% Average 16% Good 35%

10 According to the results of the questionnaires chemical hazards, including chronic poisoning, dermatosis, irritation of mucous membranes, exposure to dust and latex allergies do not apply to over a quarter of responders. The majority of them are aware of chemical hazards and present a satisfactory level of knowledge of them. Are you aware of Chemical Hazards? N/A 26% Excellent 10% Good 29% Poor 5% Fair 11% Average 19% Almost 60% of responders are acquainted with biological hazards related to diseases caused by various agents, toxins and insects or rodents from sewage sludge. Over 20% consider them not applicable at their places of work. Are you aware of Biological Hazards? N/A 21% Excellent 15% Poor 9% Fair 12% Average 17% Good 26%

11 Knowledge on ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational factors, such as musculoskeletal injuries, visual discomfort due to illumination, psychological discomfort is almost equally poor as excellent, with 13% and 11% respectively, but half of the responders indicate a good and average level. Nevertheless, 25% of responders have inadequate awareness level. Are you aware of Biological Hazards? N/A 21% Excellent 15% Poor 9% Good 26% Fair 12% Average 17% The level of knowledge and awareness of the procedures for working in confined spaces is rather good with 14% of responders presenting unsatisfactory level. As much as 28% of responders do not experience such a working environment. Awareness of the procedures for working in confined spaces N/A 27% Excellent 12% Poor 10% Fair 5% Average 16% Good 30%

12 Almost 80% of responders are familiar with the guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials presenting a satisfactory level of knowledge on Material Safety Data Sheets, hazardous material symbols and ready to respond to the releases of hazardous materials. This is a considerably good result considering that only 17% of responders have inadequate knowledge in this matter. Familiarity with guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials Fair 10% Poor 7% N/A 6% Excellent 16% Average 29% Good 32% Fire safety guidelines seem to be best known among the responders. 84% of them indicate a satisfactory level of knowledge with only 15% requiring further training in this field. Familiarity with guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials Fair 10% Poor 7% N/A 6% Excellent 16% Average 29% Good 32%

13 The aggregated outcomes of the wastewater questionnaire (with regard to mandatory questions) are presented jointly below. As far as summarized rating is concerned with regard to the level of knowledge of wastewater operators a rather clear trend is observed with the majority of answers showing a satisfactory level of knowledge on safety policies and procedures, personal safety, accident, natural (physical), chemical and biological hazards, ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational factors, safety guidelines for working in confined spaces, safe handling of hazardous materials as well as fire safely rules. Best results were obtained for fire safety guidelines with a satisfactory knowledge level indicated by 84% of responders as well as guidelines for personal safety and guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials (over 70% each). Worst results were obtained for chemical and biological hazards with almost 60% of responders each indicating satisfactory level (excellent, good, average). Level of Knowledge 50% Summarized Data from the Questionnaire of Wastewater Operators 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Excellent Good Average Fair Poor N/A Rating A1: Safety policies & procedures A2: Guidelines for personal safety A.3.1: Accident Hazards A.3.2: Natural Hazards A.3.3: Chemical Hazards A.3.4: Biological Hazards A.3.5: Ergonomic, Psychosocial & Organizational Factors A.4:Safety guidelines for works in confined spaces A.5: Guidelines for use, handling of hazardous materials A.6: Fire safety guidelines According to the responders of the questionnaires for wastewater operators over the last 3 years they participated in the training covering the following issues: For general workers: Periodic regular general training on OH&S, including legal aspects of labour law and general principles of health and safety at work, OH&S and fire safety regulations on specific working posts with safety instructions at specific working sites, including especially dangerous working conditions, individual and collective protection means as well as potential accidents at work and prevention, Procedures in case of accidents or potential threats (e.g. fires), incl. first aid, Biological hazards,

14 Occupational risks, Site-specific traffic rules, Fire protection and recommended fire safety procedures along with fire equipment instructions. For employers and managerial staff: OH&S courses for managerial personnel, Mandatory regular training for OH&S and environmental protection services covering the following fields: progress in the evaluation of risks at work; health and life protection methods for workers; principles for developing site-specific working instructions; problems connected with the organization of work taking account of ergonomic conditions, First Aid courses. Among the questionnaires received back there were 2 answers with information about a lack of training within the last 3 years. Regarding the responders opinion on the questionnaire exactly 90% of them indicated that they are satisfied with it. Only 2% of responders rated it poor. Are you satisfied with the present questionnaire? Fair 8% Poor 2% N/A 0% Excellent 6% Average 21% Good 63% The diagram below with summarized additional data (optional) from the wastewater questionnaire based on the self-assessment shows that the majority of responders present more than a satisfactory level of knowledge of the general H&S topics with only 19% below average.

15 I. Level of knowledge in the Health and Safety general topics Fair 11% Poor 8% N/A 1% Excellent 12% Average 16% Good 52% Waste management professionals The questionnaire addressed to waste management professionals included the following main groups of questions related to: A Health and Safety Knowledge and Skills, including: A.1: Safety policies and procedures (incl. company safety manual) A.2: Guidelines for personal safety A.3: Hazards related to the job, covering: A.3.1: Accident Hazards A.3.2: Natural and Physical Hazards A.3.3: Chemical Hazards A.3.4: Biological Hazards A.3.5: Ergonomic, Psychosocial and Organizational Factors A.4: Safety guidelines for working in confined spaces A.5: Guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials A.6: Fire safety guidelines B Opinion on the questionnaire, including information on received training during the last 3 years, proposals for further training in H&S issues and assessment of the questionnaire. As far as hazards related to the job (item A.3) are concerned they were listed separately for: refuse collection workers, incinerator operators, and landfill operators, due to certain differences in potential injuries and threats connected with the given profession. Therefore, the analysis has been carried out both ways: separately and jointly for the three working groups involved in waste management.

16 Optional additional questions in the Polish version of the questionnaire gave us the opportunity to identify those responders who are interested in receiving information on the progress of the THESEIS Project and future access to the developing model of training. Furthermore, additional questions provide information on the general knowledge in the field of OH&S issues and the monitoring of the working environment as well as access to its results. Regarding the level of knowledge on health and safety, incl. OH&S policies and procedures the result seems very good with only 3% of responders indicating fair knowledge. The vast majority indicate good knowledge (66%) with average and excellent both below 20%. Health and Safety Knowledge and Skills A1: Indicate your level of knowledge on company safety manual, e.g., policies and procedures Average 18% Fair 3% Poor 0% NA 0% Excellent 13% Good 66% The majority of responders are well acquainted with guidelines on personal safety reaching the result of 67% indicating an over average level of knowledge. A2: Indicate your level of knowledge on guidelines for personal safety Fair 9% Poor 1% NA 1% Excellent 15% Average 21% Good 53%

17 Regarding hazards related to the job covering accident, natural, chemical and biological hazards as well as ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational factors it has been observed that: For refuse collection workers: In general the majority of responders indicate good knowledge of accident hazards with over 60% indicating an over average level. The results for natural hazards present a similar level of knowledge with a majority of the responders with a satisfactory level. The worst result was obtained for chemical hazards with around 50% of responders presenting an average and below average knowledge. A similar level of knowledge is presented for biological hazards. A satisfactory level is noted for ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational factors with over 50% of responders indicating excellent, good and average level. Level of Knowledge 45% A.3. Indicate your level of knowledge on hazards related to the job I. Refuse Collection Workers 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Excellent Good Average Fair Poor NA Rating A.3.1: Accident Hazards A.3.2: Natural Hazards A.3.3: Chemical Hazards A.3.4: Biological Hazards A.3.5: Ergonomic, Psychosocial & Organizational Factors For incinerator operators: The answers to questions addressed to incinerator operators cannot be regarded as fully credible due to the fact that most of waste management professionals that were responders to that part of the questionnaire are not involved in waste incineration. In Poland there are only a few waste incineration plants, mainly for medical waste and certain industrial waste. The vast amount of waste is land-filled. The construction of a number of them is planned in the near future. Therefore, regarding the answers in general over 60% of responders indicated not applicable. As far as other options are concerned around 30% of responders present satisfactory level of knowledge in the field of all analyzed hazards.

18 Level of Knowledge 70% A.3. Indicate your level of knowledge on hazards related to the job II. Incinerator Operators 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Excellent Good Average Fair Poor NA Rating A.3.1: Accident Hazards A.3.2: Natural Hazards A.3.3: Chemical Hazards A.3.4: Biological Hazards A.3.5: Ergonomic, Psychosocial & Organizational Factors For land-fill operators: Here the situation with the answers related to potential hazards is rather different. Over half of the responders present a satisfactory level of knowledge with regard to accident, natural (physical) and biological hazards. The worst result was obtained for chemical hazards, although the satisfactory level was reached by around 40% of responders.

19 Level of Knowledge 45% A.3. Indicate your level of knowledge on hazards related to the job III. Land-Fill operators 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Excellent Good Average Fair Poor NA Rating A.3.1: Accident Hazards A.3.2: Natural Hazards A.3.3: Chemical Hazards A.3.4: Biological Hazards A.3.5: Ergonomic, Psychosocial & Organizational Factors Regarding hazards related to the job covering accident, physical (natural), chemical and biological hazards as well as ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational factors to be considered jointly for all three categories of waste management professionals it has been noted that due to the reason mentioned above a considerably high number of responders (34% - 43%) indicated not applicable in their answers. For accident hazards: over 50% of responders present a satisfactory level of knowledge with almost 10% an inadequate level. A.3.1 Accident hazards Excellent 7% NA 37% Good 31% Poor 3% Fair 9% Average 13%

20 Physical hazards connected with excessive noise, vibrations and climatic factors are rather well known to 48%. Unsatisfactory level of knowledge indicated 9% of responders. A.3.2 Physical hazards Excellent 8% NA 43% Good 29% Poor 3% Fair 6% Average 11% As far as chemical hazards are concerned there were no answers indicating an excellent level of knowledge. 42% presented a satisfactory level with poor and fair 8% each. A.3.3 Chemical hazards Excellent 0% Good 17% NA 42% Average 25% Poor 8% Fair 8%

21 Regarding biological hazards around 20% of responders presented an unsatisfactory level of knowledge with around 50% indicating a rather good level. A.3.4 Biological hazards NA 34% Excellent 4% Good 17% Poor 7% Fair 11% Average 27% A similar level of knowledge as for biological hazards is noted for ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational factors with 47% of responders indicating a satisfactory level. A.3.5 Ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational factors Excellent 7% NA 42% Good 27% Poor 4% Fair 7% Average 13%

22 Safety guidelines for working in confined spaces are well known to almost 60% of responders. Around 20% present an unsatisfactory knowledge level and nearly a quarter of responders indicating not applicable. A.4 Indicate your level of knowledge on safety guidelines for works in confined spaces NA 24% Excellent 16% Poor 13% Good 18% Fair 5% Average 24% Almost 3 quarters of responders are considerably well acquainted with guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials with 25% presenting an unsatisfactory level of knowledge. A.5 Indicate your level of knowledge on guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials Poor 16% NA 2% Excellent 13% Fair 9% Average 12% Good 48%

23 An over average level of knowledge on fire safety guidelines indicated 63% of responders with 16% answers presenting an unsatisfactory level. In general knowledge on fire safety presents a satisfactory level (84%). A.6 Indicate your level of knowledge on fire safety guidelines Fair 8% Poor 8% NA 0% Excellent 15% Average 21% Good 48% The aggregated outcomes of the waste management questionnaire (with regard to mandatory questions) are presented jointly below. As far as summarized rating is concerned with regard to the level of knowledge of waste management professionals the majority of answers show a satisfactory level of knowledge on safety policies and procedures, personal safety, accident hazards, safety guidelines for working in confined spaces, safe handling of hazardous materials as well as fire safety rules. In the case of hazards related to the job (i.e. accident, physical, chemical and biological hazards, ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational factors) the results do not fully reflect the actual level of knowledge because a large percentage of responders indicated not applicable as their answers especially to the questions addressed to incinerator operators. The reason for this has been explained earlier. Nevertheless, best results were obtained for safety policies and procedures with a satisfactory knowledge level indicated by 97% of responders as well as guidelines for personal safety and fire safety guidelines (over 80% each). Considerably high results were also achieved for guidelines for use and handling of hazardous materials (exceeding 70%). Worst results were obtained for chemical, biological and physical (natural) hazards related to the job with below 50% of responders indicating a satisfactory level of knowledge (excellent, good, average) for each type of hazard.

24 Level of Knowledge 70% Summarized Data from the Questionnaire of Waste Management Professionals 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Excellent Good Average Fair Poor NA Rating A1: Safety policies & procedures A2: Guidelines for personal safety A.3.1: Accident Hazards A.3.2: Natural Hazards A.3.3: Chemical Hazards A.3.4: Biological Hazards A.3.5: Ergonomic, Psychosocial & Organizational Factors A.4:Safety guidelines for works in confined spaces A.5: Guidelines for use, handling of hazardous materials A.6: Fire safety guidelines According to the responders of the questionnaires for waste management professionals within the last 3 years they participated in the training covering the following fields: General OH&S training ending with an exam, Site-specific OH&S training focusing on accident prevention at work, Regular periodic training on OH&S, fire safety and environmental protection measures including: First Aid and personal protection measures; fire safety at work (handling of fire extinguishers); prevention against biological threats; occupational toxicology; especially dangerous working conditions (requirements and protective measures). Regarding the responders opinion on the questionnaire 92% of them indicated that they are satisfied with it. Only 5% of responders rated it poor and 3% fair.

25 B. Are you satisfied with the present questionnaire? Average 11% Fair 3% Poor 5% NA 0% Excellent 5% Good 76% The diagram with summarized additional data (optional) from the waste questionnaire based on selfassessment shows that the majority of responders present more than a satisfactory level of knowledge of the general H&S topics with only 8% below average. I. Level of knowledge in the Health and Safety general topic Fair 6% Poor 2% NA 0% Excellent 16% Average 21% Good 55% Training needs and gaps As it has been noted by some of the responders to the questionnaires the quality of the training is differentiated and information and knowledge presented is sometimes not fully relevant in addressing specific working conditions of the workers that are trained.

26 According to the opinions of the responders presented in Part B of the questionnaires there is a need for more specialized training in the field of: For wastewater operators: Identification of threats and their prevention at site-specific working posts, Potential explosion risks and explosion prevention, Exposure to biological hazards personal protection measures and potential occupational diseases, Extreme working conditions basic safety measures and procedures, Sanitary regime required at wastewater treatment plants, Evacuation methods and systems in case of health or life at risk (notification and emergency systems, evacuation ways and facilities, evacuation coordinators, meeting places, etc.), Detailed safety rules for various different working sites in municipal facilities, For waste management professionals: First Aid in emergencies, response to emergency cases, including notification of relevant services medical, electrical, water, etc. Explosion prevention, Upgrading of qualifications and gaining approvals for operating relevant equipment, Hazardous waste handling, Health protection, protection against biological and chemical contamination and fire, personal protection measures. According to a number of responders training courses on general OH&S issues are not as effective as site-specific working instructions for relevant working places and equipment. Such instructions are considered by them as most important. In general the results obtained for the 1 st survey by summarizing all the answers received indicate the need for further training especially in the field of chemical and biological hazards related to the work (as in the case of wastewater operators) and additionally also on physical (natural) hazards in the case of waste management professionals.

27 PART II. 2 ND SURVEY RESULTS 2. IDENTIFICATION AND DOCUMENTATION OF NATIONAL QUALIFICATION FRAMES FOR WORKERS IN POLLUTION MANAGEMENT OF ECO-INDUSTRY SECTOR IN POLAND 2.1. Overview of existing/relevant qualifications in eco-industry sector The existing Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) educational and training systems established by the Labour Code and other sector regulations are to provide necessary OHS qualifications of workers of the eco-industry sector. These systems are outlined in more details below in Annex D. Since 2010 the work on the Polish Qualification Framework (PQS) has become part of a broader reform carried out in Poland, seeking to modernize the educational system at all levels and in all sub-systems. An important part of this reform is an overall shift to learning outcomes - requiring redesign of all programmes, standards and curricula - in general, higher education, vocational education and training. The role of the framework is to promote this shift and to ensure that is consistent. It concerns also ecoindustry and OHS sub-systems. The PQS is outlined in Annex E. Along the work on PQS there are efforts to establish precise qualification requirement for various group of professions. The relevant documents are published in official Journal of Laws. At the moment the only document 1 relating to OHS field concerns qualification requirements for OHS technicians. It relates to education requirements that may ensure professional competencies (knowledge and skills): To guarantee a sufficient protection of the health, safety and wellbeing of the workers during their work by controlling work hazards and risks and by comprehensive health surveillance of the workers, To promote healthy workers in a healthy workplace, To support the employer and the workers in their active efforts and responsibilities to develop an integrated health and safety policy within the enterprise and to comply with the existing health and safety regulations, To assess health risk and manage health surveillance in workers (from acute interventions to maintaining health and work capacity and work place health promotion) for individuals and groups. For this field cooperation with health professionals (mainly occupational health physicians and occupational health nurses) are needed, To deal with hazards and risk factors in the work place by risk inventory evaluation and management. For this fields different professional groups can contribute based on their knowledge and skills on production, work, work environment, work organisation (mainly safety engineer, occupational hygienist, occupational psychologist, ergonomist), To understand and to function in the framework of the existing OHS structure and organisation, as determined by local, national and international regulations, To collaborate with the different actors of the multidisciplinary OHS (division of tasks and responsibilities), To understand and to function within the complex social and economical organisation of the enterprise. 1 Regulation of Ministry of Education and Science of March , Journal of Laws of 2006, No.62, Item 439, Part 7.

28 2.2. Qualification requirements in the context of wastewater treatment plants The workers should have knowledge and skills to follow safety requirements for work in a wastewater treatment plant i.e.: Identify and record hazards of working in a wastewater treatment plant, Identify and record operational requirements for safe and effective use of equipment, Select, fit and use safety equipment, including personal protective equipment, Identify and apply safe work practices when handling chemicals and working in fire and explosion endangered areas of wastewater treatment plant, Practice good hygiene by wearing gloves and washing hands frequently, decontaminate clothing or change before going home from work, Understand and to function in the framework of the existing OHS structure and organisation, as determined by local, national and international regulations, Collaborate with the different actors of the multidisciplinary OHS, Understand and to function within the complex social and economical organisation of the enterprise. Required skills: Recognize and report operational problems, Apply policies, procedures and standards, Use safety equipment and personal protective equipment, Collect and test samples, Interpret material safety data sheets (MSDS), Receive and apply instructions, Use literacy skills in regard to verbal and written communication in the workplace, Communicate with other employees and people that interact within the work environment, Respond to accident, including first aid procedures. Required knowledge: Sources and characteristics of wastewater, Physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics and basic principles related to wastewater treatment, Reasons for wastewater treatment, Types of wastewater treatment plants and processes, Major chemical types and equipment used, Wastewater treatment plant hazards, Safety equipment, Warning signs and alarms, Reasons for data and information collection, MSDS. In the operation of wastewater plants the identification and management of hazard areas (both in open and confined spaces) particularly where the presence of gases such as methane and hydrogen sulphide or exposures to a low oxygen environment can generate potentially hazardous conditions to health and

29 safety is a key issue for worker health and safety. Therefore required knowledge of workers employed in waste water treatment installations in Poland expands to cover information of: Properties of flammable materials-gases, Composition of biogas, Sources of fire and explosion, General guidance as to the main principles, definitions and explanations of terms relating to hazardous area classification as well on technical and organizational solutions have been set out, including: - Hazard distances and precautions to be followed in these areas, - Understanding of positioning of Ex warning signs, - Systems applied for detection of hazardous releases of explosive gases(methane) and alarms, - Use of proper confined space procedures, personal protective equipment, and ambient air and personal monitoring to ensure worked safety, - Precautions applicable on loss of artificial ventilation in enclosed areas, etc. - Types of protection,classification mad labelling applied in electrical and mechanical apparatus to prevent the ignition of a surrounding flammable release.

30 ANNEXES

31 Annex A. Questionnaires in Polish

32 A.1. Questionnaire wastewater operator (in Polish)

33 Kwestionariusz Analiza Potrzeb Szkoleniowych Kwestionariusz w zakresie analizy potrzeb szkoleniowych pracowników związanych z infrastrukturą gospodarki ściekowej THESEIS Szkolenia w zakresie bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy pracowników związanych z ochroną środowiska Niniejszy kwestionariusz opracowano w ramach projektu THESEIS, który jest realizowany dzięki wsparciu finansowemu Komisji Europejskiej. Zaprezentowane w nim informacje odzwierciedlają poglądy autorów. Komisja Europejska nie ponosi prawnej odpowiedzialności za jakiekolwiek skutki wynikające z ich wykorzystania.

34 Kwestionariusz Analiza Potrzeb Szkoleniowych KWESTIONARIUSZ W ZAKRESIE ANALIZY POTRZEB SZKOLENIOWYCH POZIOM WIEDZY Pracownicy związani z infrastrukturą gospodarki ściekowej Doskonały Dobry Średni Zadowalający Słaby ND (nie dotyczy) A. Wiedza i umiejętności w zakresie bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy A.1 Określ swój poziom wiedzy w zakresie procedur (problematyki) bezpieczeństwa firmy i obiektów, na terenie których pracujesz a)* Czy zapoznajesz się z: b)* c)* d)* z wytycznymi firmy w zakresie bezpieczeństwa, np. dot. polityki i procedur, zarządzeń i instrukcji BHP ze sprzętem i procedurami bezpiecznej pracy z procedurami specyficznymi dla poszczególnych obiektów z planami awaryjnego reagowania z planami działań na rzecz bezpieczeństwa i zdrowia pracowników z lokalizacją i procedurami pracy sprzętu/urządzeń bezpieczeństwa Czy brałeś udział w tworzeniu/przeglądzie/aktualizacji planów reagowania (oraz instrukcji stanowiskowych BHP) na wypadek awarii lub planów działania w celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy uwzględniających uwarunkowania lokalne? Czy uczestniczysz w okresowych spotkaniach dotyczących ochrony zdrowia i zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa pracy? Czy uczestniczysz w wymaganych szkoleniach w zakresie bezpieczeństwa, np. dotyczących: pierwszej pomocy bezpieczeństwa chemicznego, np. w zakresie stosowanych w zakładzie materiałów niebezpiecznych, czytania ze zrozumieniem tzw. kart charakterystyk substancji/preparatów obsługi urządzeń transportu materiałów niebezpiecznych bezpieczeństwa pracy, np. zasady ppoż, bezpieczeństwo pracy w głębokich wykopach (specjalistyczne szkolenia BHP) A.2 Czy przestrzegasz wytycznych w zakresie bezpieczeństwa osobistego (zawartych w instrukcjach stanowiskowych bhp)? a)* Czy informujesz przełożonych/współpracowników o swoim planie pracy i rozkładzie dnia? b)* Czy stosujesz odpowiednie środki ochrony indywidualnej, np. okulary ochronne, obuwie z metalową ochroną na palce, hełmy, aparaty ochrony słuchu? c)* Czy nosisz odpowiednią odzież stosowną do warunków pogodowych, uwarunkowań środowiskowych i rodzaju działalności? d)* Czy masz świadomość istniejących zagrożeń zawodowych występujących w Twoim środowisku pracy?

35 Kwestionariusz Analiza Potrzeb Szkoleniowych KWESTIONARIUSZ W ZAKRESIE ANALIZY POTRZEB SZKOLENIOWYCH Pracownicy związani z infrastrukturą gospodarki ściekowej e)* Czy informujesz przełożonych i współpracowników o osobistych problemach zdrowotnych, np. ciężkich reakcjach alergicznych? Doskonały POZIOM WIEDZY Dobry Średni Zadowalający Słaby ND (nie dotyczy) f)* Czy masz stale do dyspozycji urządzenia pozwalające na komunikowanie się? A.3 Czy masz świadomość zagrożeń związanych z wykonywaną pracą (z istniejącym ryzykiem zawodowym)? A.3.1 Zagrożenia związane z wypadkami: a)* poślizgnięcia i upadki na śliskie posadzki z powodu rozlanej wody, roztworów wodnych lub rozpuszczalników b)* uderzenia i kontuzje spowodowane upadkiem ciężkich przedmiotów, np. znad taśm produkcyjnych c)* wypadki spowodowane częściami maszyn obracających lub poruszających się urządzeń d)* upadki do komór, osadników lub zbiorników powodujące uszkodzenia ciała lub utonięcia e)* upadki z drabin, schodów i platform wysokościowych podczas obsługi urządzeń f)* poparzenia chemiczne spowodowane żrącymi cieczami, pryskaniem rozpuszczalników i innych niebezpiecznych płynów g)* poparzenia spowodowane parą i/lub gorącymi oparami, pożarami lub wybuchami gazów łatwopalnych, etc. h)* porażenia prądem z powodu kontaktu z uszkodzonymi urządzeniami elektrycznymi, przewodami elektrycznymi, etc. i)* skaleczenia spowodowane ostrymi narzędziami, ostrymi krawędziami przedmiotów, etc. j)* uszkodzenia ciała (w szczególności oczu) spowodowane unoszącymi się w powietrzu cząsteczkami, w szczególności z czyszczenia wirującymi szczotkami tarcz ściernych k)* pożary i wybuchy w wyniku powstawania i uwalniania gazów łatwopalnych podczas procesów przetwórczych (np. metanu, wodoru) l)* burzliwe reakcje chemiczne spowodowane niekontrolowanym mieszaniem substancji chemicznych podczas przygotowywania środków chemicznych do oczyszczania ścieków m)* ostre zatrucia spowodowane różnymi substancjami chemicznymi obecnymi w odpadach, lub stosowanymi jako odczynniki (np. chlor gazowy), lub uwalnianymi podczas procesu oczyszczania (np. siarkowodór, etc.) n)* uszkodzenia oczu w wyniku zapryskania cieczami drażniącymi lub żrącymi A.3.2 Zagrożenia fizyczne: a)* narażenie na nadmierny hałas z urządzeń mechanicznych

36 Kwestionariusz Analiza Potrzeb Szkoleniowych KWESTIONARIUSZ W ZAKRESIE ANALIZY POTRZEB SZKOLENIOWYCH Pracownicy związani z infrastrukturą gospodarki ściekowej b)* narażenie na wibracje ograniczone do ramienia i przedramienia lub całego ciała ze strony narzędzi lub powierzchni, na której stoi lub siedzi pracownik Doskonały POZIOM WIEDZY Dobry Średni Zadowalający Słaby ND (nie dotyczy) c)* narażenie na promieniowanie ultrafioletowe UV d)* narażenie na potencjalnie szkodliwe dla zdrowia czynniki klimatyczne A.3.3 Zagrożenia chemiczne: a)* zatrucia chroniczne drogą oddechową lub pokarmową substancjami chemicznymi stosowanymi w oczyszczaniu ścieków b)* dermatozy spowodowane ekspozycją skóry na ścieki, preparaty czyszczące, roztwory kwasów i zasad, etc. c)* podrażnienia błon śluzowych (w szczególności dróg oddechowych) oparami kwasów lub zasad lub aerozoli, chlorowodorem i innymi substancjami d)* ekspozycja na pył e)* uczulenie na lateks spowodowane stosowaniem rękawiczek lateksowych A.3.4 Zagrożenia biologiczne: a)* choroby spowodowane biologicznymi czynnikami chorobotwórczymi obecnymi w surowych ściekach bytowo gospodarczych (głównie pochodzenia ludzkiego) oraz w odpadach rolniczych b)* choroby spowodowane kontaktem z toksynami uwalnianymi z biologicznych czynników chorobotwórczych c)* choroby spowodowane przez owady lub gryzonie mnożące się na poletkach osadowych A.3.5 Czynniki ergonomiczne, psychosocjologiczne, organizacyjne i psychofizyczne: a)* uszkodzenia mięśniowo-szkieletowe spowodowane przeciążeniem podczas przenoszenia dużych ciężarów lub na skutek wadliwej postawy przy pracy (w tym częste pochylanie się), etc. b)* niedowidzenie i problemy z oczami spowodowane nieodpowiednim oświetleniem c)* dyskomfort i problemy psychologiczne związane z przedłużonym stosowaniem odzieży ochronnej, uciążliwymi odorami z odpadów, poczuciem pracy w brudnym środowisku pracy i mniej poważanym zawodzie A.4. Znajomość wytycznych bezpieczeństwa pracy w przestrzeniach zamkniętych (np. zbiornikach) zawartych w instrukcjach stanowiskowych? A.4.1 Zezwolenia na wejście do przestrzeni zamkniętych a)* czy wiesz jakie elementy zawiera zezwolenie na wejście: (lokalizacja przestrzeni zamkniętej, rodzaj wykonywanej pracy, rodzaje zagrożeń i sposobów ich ograniczania, okres objęty pozwoleniem, rejestr wejść i wyjść każdego pracownika wyniki badań atmosferycznych)

37 Kwestionariusz Analiza Potrzeb Szkoleniowych KWESTIONARIUSZ W ZAKRESIE ANALIZY POTRZEB SZKOLENIOWYCH POZIOM WIEDZY Pracownicy związani z infrastrukturą gospodarki ściekowej Doskonały Dobry Średni Zadowalający Słaby ND (nie dotyczy) A.4.2 Przestrzeganie procedur bezpieczeństwa pracy w przestrzeniach zamkniętych a)* czy wiesz jak ocenić kompletność czynności poprzedzających wejście zgodnie z zezwoleniem, w tym: (badania jakości powietrza, oceny ryzyka i zagrożeń, procedury stosowania blokad typu lock-out tag-out (LOTO) zabezpieczających przed przypadkowym uruchomieniem urządzeń/maszyn)? b)* czy sprawdzasz informacje wymagane w zezwoleniu na wejście, np. środki ochrony indywidualnej oraz wymagany sprzęt ratunkowy, zasady monitoringu powietrza, wykaz autoryzowanych pracowników upoważnionych do wejścia, procedury operacyjne, karty charakterystyk stosowanych substancji/preparatów? c)* czy wiesz kiedy i jak wstrzymać prace i powiadomić o tym odpowiednio, jeżeli warunki lub procedury określone w zezwoleniu zostały zmienione? A.5 Czy przestrzegasz wytycznych w sprawie użytkowania i postępowania z materiałami niebezpiecznymi? a)* Czy znane Ci są tzw. karty charakterystyk? b)* Czy odróżniasz symbole materiałów niebezpiecznych? c)* Czy wiesz jak reagować na wycieki, rozlania i uwolnienia materiałów niebezpiecznych? A.6 Czy przestrzegasz zalecenia bezpieczeństwa ppoż? a)* Czy znasz najczęstsze przyczyny pożarów? b)* Czy odróżniasz klasy pożarów? c)* Czy wiesz jak ugasić różne klasy pożaru? d)* Czy wiesz jak używa się urządzenia gaśnicze? e)* Czy przestrzegasz zaleceń przeciwpożarowych? B. Wyraź swoją opinię a) Wymień tematykę szkoleń w zakresie BHP, w których uczestniczyłeś w ostatnich 3 latach...

38 Kwestionariusz Analiza Potrzeb Szkoleniowych.. b) Wymień inne zagadnienia, które Twoim zdaniem wymagają dalszych szkoleń w zakresie BHP:.. c) Jak oceniasz ten kwestionariusz? Ddoskonały Dobry Średni Zadowalający Słaby d) Proszę podać (dobrowolnie) Twoje dane kontaktowe (imię i nazwisko, nazwę firmy, ) i/lub stanowisko.. PYTANIA UZUPEŁNIAJĄCE e) Jestem zainteresowana/y otrzymywaniem informacji o postępach w realizacji projektu i o dostępie do modelu kształcenia i szkolenia zawodowego na wyżej podany Tak Nie I. Poziom wiedzy w zakresie ogólnych zasad BHP I.1. Jak oceniasz swoją znajomość ogólnych zasad BHP? I.2. W jakim stopniu stosujesz zasady BHP przy wykonywaniu pracy zawodowej? I.3. W jakim stopniu zostałeś zapoznany z oceną ryzyka zawodowego na Twoim stanowisku pracy? I.4. Czy w Twoim zakładzie pracy są przeprowadzane badania środowiska pracy? Tak Nie Nie wiem I.5. Jeśli tak, czy masz dostęp do wyników badań środowiska pracy? Tak Nie Nie wiem Ddoskonały Dobry Średni Zadowalający Słaby ND (nie dotyczy)

39 Kwestionariusz Analiza Potrzeb Szkoleniowych A.2. Questionnaire waste management professionals (in Polish)

40 Kwestionariusz Analiza Potrzeb Szkoleniowych Kwestionariusz w zakresie analizy potrzeb szkoleniowych pracowników zajmujących się gospodarowaniem odpadami THESEIIS Szkolenia w zakresie bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy pracowników związanych z ochroną środowiska Niniejszy kwestionariusz opracowano w ramach projektu THESEIS, który jest realizowany dzięki wsparciu finansowemu Komisji Europejskiej. Zaprezentowane w nim informacje odzwierciedlają poglądy autorów. Komisja Europejska nie ponosi prawnej odpowiedzialności za jakiekolwiek skutki wynikające z ich wykorzystania.