Techniki Jądrowe w Diagnostyce i Terapii Medycznej

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1 Techniki Jądrowe w Diagnostyce i Terapii Medycznej Wykład 13, 2 czerwca 2015 Zygmunt Szefliński Środowiskowe Laboratorium Ciężkich Jonów szef@fuw.edu.pl

2 Akceleratory medyczne w NCBJ W ostatnich 4 latach, w NCBJ (National Centre for Nuclear Research) w Świerku prowadzono intensywne badania i projektowano nowe akceleratory medyczne, Prace były wspierane przez MNiSW i Europejski program operacyjny Innovative Economy, project no. POIG /08-00 Koncentrowano się na opracowaiu : Akceleratorze dla zaawansowanej radioterapii Akceleratorze do radioterapii śródoperacyjnej Elektronicznej igle fotonowej do brachyterapii nowotworów piersi

3 Głowica akceleratora 1.Electron source at energies in tens of kev 2.Accelerating structure 3.Magnetron as a source of electromagnetic waves 4.Circulator 5.Filter to equalize radiation distribution 6.Collimator 7.Ionisation chamber 2.VI.2015 TJwDTM - Wykład 13

4 Model struktury akceleracyjnej

5 Dwa modele akceleratorów dla zaawansowanej radioterapii Akcelerator niskich energii Coline 6, Pojedyncza energia fotonów 6 MV, w pełni przygotowana dla technik IMRT i IGRT z kolimatorami MLC i portalem obrazowania EPID Akcelerator wysokich energii Coline 15 Fotony 6 i 15 MV, elektrony do 18 MeV 2.VI.2015 TJwDTM - Wykład 13

6 Projekt - Coline 6 Dose rate 200 cgy/min, SSD distance 100 cm, Field size from 0 to 40x40 cm Carrying structure Accelerating structure Power and RF supply Beam limiting devices (collimators) 2.VI.2015 Digital Imaging System TJwDTM - Wykład 13 (EPID)

7 Advanced technology Multileaf collimator (MLC) Electronic portal imaging device (EPID) Control system Built on new generation of PLC controllers with PROFIBUS interface User-friendly interface with large screen monitors All movements parameters are set from two control cassettes attached to the therapeutic table.

8 Pierwszy model akceleratora do zaawansowanej RT

9 Projekt drugiego modelu akceleratora Multi-energy accelerator photons 6 and 15 MV, electrons up to 18 MeV

10 Elementy składowe akceleratora Accelerating structure with triode electron source Beam guidance and beam shaping systems Multileaf collimator (MLC) Mechanical supporting structure with sub-millimeter precision of mechanical isocentre kilovolt imaging system

11 Akcelerator do zastosowań śródoperacyjnych-iort Mobile Medical Electron Accelerator for IORT aplication Electronic X-Ray Source for Brachytherapy of Breast Cancer 2.VI.2015 TJwDTM - Wykład 13

12 Co to jest IORT? Intra Operative Radiation Therapy (IORT) delivers a single fraction of radiation to the surgical bed to treat: unresectable tumors, remaining tumors after partial resection, or microscopic tumor cells in adjacent tissue

13 Mobilny akcelerator dla IORT Special requirements Performed during surgery - under sterile conditions Normal tissue and organs are removed from the field - affected area can be treated with a higher dose rate 10-15Gy/min To irradiate cells at depth up to 4 cm need energy range 4-12 MeV To irradiate different size tumour bed diameter of applicator 3-12 cm Beam forming system must be compatibile with an accelerating structure and a highly mobile mechanical system As mobile IORT units are designed for use in an unshielded OR, a beam stopper must be used High quality therapeutic beams that meet AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group, IEC standards

14 Nowy mobilny akcelerator dla IORT Components: RF accelerating structure Microwave power source Moving system-robot Beam forming system Dosimetric system Computer control unit

15 Mechanika akceleratora 1. Kinematic scheme (five degrees of freedom of movement) 2. 3D models 3. Documentation 4. Construction of demonstrator 4 More than 550 drawings A4 - A

16 Struktura akceleracyjna Main part of accelerator 18 resonator cavities Planned energies 4, 6, 8, 9, 12 MeV Dose rate Gy/min

17 Formowanie wiązki

18 System formowania wiązki Requirements: 1. Energy range 4-12 MeV fields 3-12 cm 2. High quality beam (flatness, shadow) 3. Light weight 4. Lowest possible length 5. Safe is used in OR 6. Universal working with hard and soft docking system 2.VI.2015 TJwDTM - Wykład 13

19 Alternatywne systemy dokowania dla akceleratora IORT LIAC, NOVAC MOBETRON

20 System formowania wiązki demonstrator 2.VI.2015 TJwDTM - Wykład 13 Applicator diameters Φ = 3cm, 5cm, 10cm, 12 cm

21 Demonstrator In the new INTRA-DOSE project we will develop a prototype IORT accelerator for hospital testing

22 Igła fotonowa (Electronic X-Ray Source for Brachytherapy of Breast Cancer System to irradiate the cavities left after surgical resection of breast tumours 2.VI.2015 TJwDTM - Wykład 13

23 Igła fotonowa X-ray source - an X-ray tube head with integrated control electronics and power supply. Applicators - to position the X-ray tube s anode tip within the treated cavity. - anode voltage: kv, - anode current: 0-55 μa, - anode dimensions: 6 mm diameter, 100mm long, - X-ray head power supply: 12 VDC, - isotropic dose distribution -

24 System radioterapii INLINE PN50 X-Ray radiation stream stability tests Stability better than 6% 24 hours test

25 3 projekty - demonstratory