Polish agricultural land is a key area for the conservation of species which are very rare or do not exist in many western Member States

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Leszek Jasiński
8 lat temu
Przeglądów:

1 Integration of Natura 2000 management plans with planning in agriculture Aquatic Warbler study case Jarosław Krogulec OTOP-Polish Polish Society for the Protection of Birds

2 IMPORTANCE OF POLISH FARMLAND FOR NATURE: Extensive grasslands in Poland are home to globally threatened species Polish agricultural land is a key area for the conservation of species which are very rare or do not exist in many western Member States Poland plays a major role as a breeding ground for common agricultural birds, which are in serious decline across the EU-15 % of EU population Aquatic Warbler White Stork Greater Spotted Eagle Ortolan Bunting Grey Partridge Yellow Wagtail Common Grasshopper-warbler Corncrake Marsh Warbler Whinchat Eurasian Skylark Eurasian River Warbler Lesser Spotted Eagle Barn Swallow Yellowhammer Red-backed Shrike

agricultural birds, which are in serious decline across the EU-15 % of EU population Aquatic Warbler White Stork Greater Spotted Eagle Ortolan Bunting Grey Partridge

3 Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola Indicator species of extensively mown fen meadows

4 Aquatic Warbler range 2009: about singing males

5 Poland holds a quarter of the world breeding population. It is Poland s biggest national bird responsibility. Aquatic Warbler world population together c Lithuania (150) Poland (3155), of these 55 "Pomerania" Belarus (5410) Hungary (195) Russia (158) Ukraine (4360)

Aquatic Warbler world population - 2009 together c.

6 Polish AW population Podlasie region without Biebrza 4% Polesie region 15% Western Poland ("Pomerania") 2% Biebrza Valley 79%

7 Aquatic Warbler Species Action Plans

8 Granica państwa PKP PKP Brzozówka Białystok Biebrza River Valley PLB Augustów Kan. Augustowski Jez. Rajgrodzkie Rajgród Jez. Dreństwo Jez. Tajno Ełk Ełk Jegrznia Biebrza Kan. Kuwasy Grajewo Kan. Woźnawiejski Las Ciszewski Ełk Piekielne Wrota Czerwone Bagno Warszawa PKP Osowiec Sztabin Suchowola Dąbrowa Białostocka Lipsk Nowy Dwór Granica państwa Białystok Augustów Augustów Kan. Rudzki Goniądz Osowiec Twierdza Siedziba Dyrekcji BPN PKP Radziłów Mońki Wissa Białystok Trzcianne Biebrza Bagno Ławki Narew Tykocin Wizna BNP Management Plan draft since 2001

Woźnawiejski Las Ciszewski Ełk Piekielne Wrota Czerwone Bagno Warszawa PKP Osowiec Sztabin Suchowola Dąbrowa Białostocka Lipsk Nowy Dwór

10 Majority semi-natural Półnaturalność siedlisk meadows in the Biebrza Valley were hand mown in the past.

11 L a n d u s e in : m o w e d m e a d o w s

12 Koszenie w 2003 M o w e d in

13 Koszenie 2001 M o w e d in

19 Threat of plant succession (end of 90): Tree encroachment Bush encroachment Reed encroachment ha ha ha Mosaic of open and forested habitat ha Total ha Source: BNP Management Plan draft, 2001

ha 5 897 ha 2 690 ha Mosaic of open and forested

20 Needed management activities in Biebrza NP: Mowing and grazing ha urgent ha during next few years ha later ha Bush and tree removal ha Source: BNP Management Plan draft, 2001

few years 14 130 ha later 9 954 ha Bush and tree

21 Protection activities executed by Biebrza NP BNP does not receive any money for active protection from state budget. All active management realized by BNP is done thanks to the external - limited - funds and AES.

22 NATURE CONSERVATION MEASURES IN AES : 2013: Variant 4 (5).1. Protection of bird breeding habitats Breeding habitat of Montagu s Harrier, Corncrake, Lapwing, Black-tailed Godwit, Redshank, Snipe, Great snipe, Curlew, Dunlin and Aquatic Warbler

23 NATURE CONSERVATION MEASURES IN AES : 2013: Date of mowing 3. Extensive management on meadows and pastures from 1 June Mown area % Rotatnion grasslands Livestock units per ha 4 (5).1. Protection of bird breeding habitats Main requirements from 1 August % (50-70 %) 4 (5).2. Small sedge-moss communities from 15 July 4 (5).3. Tall sedge swamps from 15 July 4 (5).4. Litter meadows Molinion and Cnidion from 15 September 50% 20% l 50% l < 0,3 LU/ha < 0,2 LU/ha < 0,2 Luha 0,5-1,0 LU/ha < 0,5 (0,5-1,0) LU/ha <0,2 LU/ha Charge of a pasture 10 DJP/ha 10 DJP/ha 5 DJP/ha Fertilization <60 kg N/ha/year < 60 kg N/ha/year Payment (PLN/ha) Out of Natura In Natura

24 About ha of State property was leased for farmers. Land leasers are obliged to create local scale management plans based on ornithological and botanical survey. Management plans must be approved by BNP administration.

25 Kombajn z przyczepą 2

26 Kombajn z przyczepą1

27 Koszenie

28 Ocena 5 (zasięgi 1)

29 Final graph Aquatic Warbler Bagno Lawki Total number singing males unmanaged managed mean and 95% confidence intervals

30 Chełm Calcareous Marshes PLB060002

31 Chełm Calcareous Marshes SPA case:

32 Natura 2000 Man Plan draft since 2009

33 Chełm Calcareous Marshes SPA case: (western part o Błota Serebryskie mire) Till the late 1980thies area was drained and early mowed for hay by collective farm. After collapsing of collective farming in Poland this area was abandoned. Meanwhile project of rewetting of neighbouring areas by Chełm Landscape Park Administratiom increased water table and start the vegetation restoration. Previous early mown grasslands overgrown by sedges and Cladium stands. Since 2005 a new owner of the area starts agro- environmental programme package extensive meadow mowing after 1st of June and stopping succession. In effect first AW return to this territory and according to monitoring in 2008 there was 9 singing males and 36 in June 2011.

34 2011 mowing of Chełm Marshes

35 Rozwarowo Marshes PLB

36 Rozwarowo Marshes the largest Pomeranian breeding site

37 Management recommendations slightly eutrophic sites Late summer or winter land use with stripes unmown (nest building material, wintering of prey); prevent (further) eutrophication

38 Annual early land use not needed not needed not needed Annual late land use Sporadic land use intensity of land use not needed not needed not needed No land use intensity and duration of drainage and eutrophication mesotrophic rather poor sites (C/N 26-33) mesotrophic medium sites (C/N 20-33) eutrophic moderately rich sites (C/N 13-20) eutrophic rich sites (C/N 10-13)

39 PRESCRIPTIONS FOR FUTURE: To increase uptake of AES: The complicated application and administration bureaucracy should be simplified More budget for effective grassland schemes is needed. To improve effect of the schemes: The rule that N2K Plans and other conservation plans override contradicting AES prescriptions needs to be applied across the country In the next planning period, specific N2K measures should be made possible that can prescribe certain measures not covered by the AES packages and remunerate for them (e.g. water level, water quality) The monitoring of environmental effectiveness of agri-environmental schemes should be launched.

40 Trends in Ecology and Evolution, September 2011, Vol. 26, No. 9 Mixed effects of farmland biodiversity conservation in old MS Conserving what is left is more effective than getting back what was lost

41 Ogólnopolskie Towarzystwo Ochrony Ptaków ul. OdrowąŜa 24; Marki k. Warszawy tel: (22) / faks: (22) jaroslaw.krogulec@otop.org.pl Ogólnopolskie Towarzystwo Ochrony Ptaków podejmuje się licznych działań mających na celu właściwą ochronę ptaków krajobrazu rolniczego i miejsc ich występowania. Wszystkie te działania opatrzone są wspólnym logo kampanii Rolnictwo Przyjazne Przyrodzie.

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